fructicola (G. Winter) Honey Feb 12 Classification Disease Common Name infection Holmes) (Robert Fig. 1. Robert Holmes Robert and Holmes Kreidl,Simone Department Industries, Victoria; of Primary [email protected] Karen Tasmanian Barry,Institute of [email protected] Key Contacts: Report. Holmes, R. et al. 2012. Through chain management of brownrot stone in fruit. FinalAustraliaLimited Horticulture examination of characters. cultural OEPP/EPPOBulletin Lane Hetherington, S. 2010. Integrated pest and disease management Australia.for AustralianSummerfruit summerfruit. Reading: Further orchards decidingnot to harvest wholeblocks. particularly high in incidence, leadingto some cherry NSW and TAS and the 2010 years for stone fruit in various areas of WA, SA, VIC, rot has had serious regional impacts in the past 10 infection leads to greater disease incidence. Brown temperature) that isconducive for spore release and compounds decrease. Weather (wet hours and development whensugars increase and phenolic impact may not be seen until the last weeksof fruit developingfruit. The pathogen can remain latent and infection can be an entry point for infection of Blossom blight reduces fruit set and blossom symptoms on leaves, shoots, blossom and fruit. M. fructicola Impact: Some reports on strawberries and grapes exist. and occasionallysome pome fruit (apple and pear). (, nectarine, cherry, plum, ), almonds M. fructicola Host Range: the season. observed in surveys of Australian orchards. Secondary inoculum may infect developingfruit viawounds during While apothecia are frequently part of the life cyclebrown in rot of many stone fruit, they have not been or cankers, whilemummified fruit on the orchard floor may produce ascospores viaapothecialfruit bodies. (mummies) in the tree or orchard floor, or twig cankers. In spring, conidiaare formed from mummies in the tree losses due to disease can occur pre Moniliniafructicola , 2002. C.R. l - http://www.hin.com.au r: Brown rot of nectarine (Robert Holmes), brown rot of cherry (Karen Barry), mummified rot Brown of fruit r: nectarinebrown rot of causing Holmes), (Robert (Karen mummified a twigcherryBarry),

:

(and closelyrelated can cause disease stone in fruits

:

A synoptic keyfor differentiation of :

Brown rot of stone fruit K: Fungi, D: C: , O: , F: Brown rot (G. (G. Winter) Honey is a widespread necrotrophic, airborne pathogen of stone fruit. Crop

- 2011 season was M. laxa -

or post Pathogen of 2012 Pathogenthe monthFeb ) can) cause

-

harvest. The disease overwintersas mycelium in rotten fruit

Monilinia fructicolaMonilinia

32 , 489 development of rot after harvest. appropriate storage and handlingcan reduce management. Postharvest fungicide dips and based risk models), with consideration of resistance when disease risk ishigh (prediction viaweather fungicide applications are recommended from bloom (blossoms, twigs) in the growing season. Protective is important, as wellas removal of infected material the end of harvest and overwinter (primarily mummies) management. Reduction of inoculumin the orchard at with variety selection , orchard design and crop load Integrated control relies on various measures, starting Control: apothecia , if observed are typically5 grey in culture but produced in chains. Monilinia symptoms and are superficiallydifficult to distinguish. A number of fungi are associated with brown rot KeyDistinguishing Features: – 493.

, have , ellipticalhyalineconidia M.fructigena

M. laxa

M. fructicola and M. laxa M. has a lobed margin. The

, based on and - 20 mm in size. M laxa

are both