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Satellite Television and Public Sphere in Egypt: Is There a Link? Dr
Satellite Television and Public Sphere in Egypt: Is there a Link? Dr. Basyouni Ibrahim Hamada Professor of Communication, Cairo University Acting Dean, Faculty of Mass Communication, MSA University www.crcegypt.com Introduction Among the most salient developments in present societies are fundamental and rapid changes of mass media. Public discussions and academic literature are speculating on the societal consequences of these changes. There is a concern that media changes contribute to a deterioration of the political process in general and to a fragmentation of the public sphere and an increase of political cynicism in particular (Schulz, in Splichal, 2001). Research on this area has mixed conclusions on how communication technologies affect the public sphere. More importantly is that political and communication sciences literature on democratization offer little guidance on the hypothesized relationship between electronic communications and public sphere and the level of democracy within a nation. This is of course not surprising; given the novelty of the Internet, e-mail, direct satellite broadcasting and even the widespread availability of fax machines. (Hill & Hughes). On the other hand, we should not read the ongoing broadcast transformation as a linear process leading to a truly independent and critical political role for television in contemporary Arab societies. The emergencies of commercial television and the restructuring of government-operated systems are in no way conducive to political pluralism and diversity in Arab societies dominated by authoritarian political systems (Aysh, 2002). I argue that most of questions about the impact of satellite television on the public sphere in the Arab world have not been answered yet and what has been written on the subject reflects individual understanding of the hypothesized links between developments of satellite television and that of public sphere. -
Advocacy, Communication, and Social Mobilization (ACSM) Strategy
Egypt National TB Control Program Advocacy, Communication, and Social Mobilization (ACSM) Strategy INDEX ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................... 3 FOREWARD ............................................................................................................... 4 WHERE TO FROM HERE? ..................................................................................... 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................6 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................7 1.1 Advocacy Communication and Social Mobilization ............................................8 2. SITUATION ANALYSIS ..................................................................................... 10 2.1 Country Data ...................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Knowledge Attitudes and Practices ................................................................... 13 2.3 ACSM Needs Assessment Findings ...................................................................14 2.4 Program Strengths, Challenges and Opportunities .............................................15 3. ACSM STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK ................................................................ 17 Strategy and Social Mobilization Communication, (ACSM) Advocacy, 3.1 ACSM Strategy Goal 20092014- ....................................................................... -
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background the Yemen Civil War Is
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The Yemen civil war is currently in its fifth year, but tensions within the country have existed for many years. The conflict in Yemen has been labelled as the worst humanitarian crisis in the world by the United Nations (UN) and is categorized as a man-made phenomenon. According to the UN, 80% of the population of Yemen need humanitarian assistance, with 2/3 of its population considered to be food insecure while 1/3 of its population is suffering from extreme levels of hunger and most districts in Yemen at risk of famine. As the conditions in Yemen continue to deteriorate, the world’s largest cholera outbreak occurred in Yemen in 2017 with a reported one million infected.1 Prior to the conflict itself, Yemen has been among the poorest countries in the Arab Peninsula. However, that is contradictory considering the natural resources that Yemen possess, such as minerals and oil, and its strategical location of being adjacent to the Red Sea.2 Yemen has a large natural reserve of natural gasses and minerals, with over 490 billion cubic meters as of 2010. These minerals include the likes of silver, gold, zinc, cobalt and nickel. The conflict in Yemen is a result of a civil war between the Houthi, with the help of Former President Saleh, and the Yemen government that is represented by 1 UNOCHA. “Yemen.” Humanitarian Needs Overview 2019, 2019. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2019_Yemen_HNO_FINAL.pdf. 2 Sophy Owuor, “What Are The Major Natural Resources Of Yemen?” WorldAtlas, February 19, 2019. -
Climate Change Adaptation in the Arab States Best Practices and Lessons Learned
Climate Change Adaptation in the Arab States Best practices and lessons learned United Nations Development Programme 2018 | 1 UNDP partners with people at all levels of society to help build nations that can withstand crisis, and drive and sustain the kind of growth that improves the quality of life for everyone. On the ground in nearly 170 countries and territories, we offer global perspective and local insight to help empower lives and build resilient nations. www.undp.org The Global Environment Facility (GEF) was established on the eve of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit to help tackle our planet’s most pressing environmental problems. Since then, the GEF has provided over $17 billion in grants and mobilized an additional $88 billion in financing for more than 4000 projects in 170 countries. Today, the GEF is an international partnership of 183 countries, international institutions, civil society organizations and the private sector that addresses global environmental issues. www.thegef.org United Nations Development Programme July 2018 Copyright © UNDP 2018 Manufactured in Bangkok Bangkok Regional Hub (BRH) United Nations Development Programme 3rd Floor United Nations Service Building Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok, 10200, Thailand www.adaptation-undp.org Authors: The report preparation was led by Tom Twining-Ward in close collaboration with Kishan Khoday, with Cara Tobin as lead author and Fadhel Baccar, Janine Twyman Mills, Walid Ali and Zubair Murshed as contributing authors. The publication was professionally reviewed by fellow UNDP colleagues, Amal Aldababseh, Greg Benchwick, Hanan Mutwaki, Mohamed Bayoumi, and Walid Ali. Valuable external expert review, comments, and suggestions were provided by Hussein El-Atfy (Arab Water Council), Ibrahim Abdel Gelil (Arabian Gulf University), and William Dougherty (Climate Change Research Group). -
BACKGROUND BRIEF1 Brussels, 17 January 2019 FOREIGN AFFAIRS COUNCIL 21 January 2019
PRESS Council of the European Union EN BACKGROUND BRIEF1 Brussels, 17 January 2019 FOREIGN AFFAIRS COUNCIL 21 January 2019 The Foreign Affairs Council, chaired by the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Federica Mogherini, will start at 9.00 with a discussion on current affairs allowing ministers to review pressing issues on the international agenda. Foreign ministers will discuss the action plan against disinformation presented by the European Commission on 5 December 2018. They will exchange views on the implementation of the action plan. Ministers are expected to focus on the external aspects of the challenges of disinformation. The Council will have a preparatory discussion for the EU-League of Arab States ministerial meeting to be held in Brussels on 4 February 2019, ahead of the summit foreseen on 24 and 25 February 2019 in Egypt. The Council will also discuss the 22nd EU-ASEAN ministerial meeting, that will take place on the same day in Brussels. The Council is expected to adopt conclusions on EU-ASEAN relations. The Council is expected to adopt a number of decisions and conclusions without debate, including conclusions on the situation in Nicaragua. Press opportunities: Monday 21 January +/- 08.45 Doorstep by High Representative Federica Mogherini +/- 12.45 Press conference following the Foreign Affairs Council +/- 18.15 Press conference following the EU-ASEAN ministerial meeting Tuesday 22 January +/- 13.00 Press conference following the EU-AU ministerial meeting Press conferences and public events via video streaming Video coverage in broadcast quality (MPEG4) and photo gallery 1 This note has been drawn up under the responsibility of the press office. -
Just Below the Surface: Israel, the Arab Gulf States and the Limits of Cooperation
Middle East Centre JUST BELOW THE SURFACE ISRAEL, THE ARAB GULF STATES AND THE LIMITS OF COOPERATION IAN BLACK LSE Middle East Centre Report | March 2019 About the Middle East Centre The Middle East Centre builds on LSE’s long engagement with the Middle East and provides a central hub for the wide range of research on the region carried out at LSE. The Middle East Centre aims to enhance understanding and develop rigorous research on the societies, economies, polities and international relations of the region. The Centre promotes both special- ised knowledge and public understanding of this crucial area, and has outstanding strengths in interdisciplinary research and in regional expertise. As one of the world’s leading social science institutions, LSE comprises departments covering all branches of the social sciences. The Middle East Centre harnesses this expertise to promote innova- tive research and training on the region. Middle East Centre Just Below the Surface: Israel, the Arab Gulf States and the Limits of Cooperation Ian Black LSE Middle East Centre Report March 2019 About the Author Ian Black is a former Middle East editor, diplomatic editor and European editor for the Guardian newspaper. He is currently Visiting Senior Fellow at the LSE Middle East Centre. His latest book is entitled Enemies and Neighbours: Arabs and Jews in Palestine and Israel, 1917–2017. Abstract For over a decade Israel has been strengthening links with Arab Gulf states with which it has no diplomatic relations. Evidence of a convergence of Israel’s stra- tegic views with those of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain has accumulated as all displayed hostility to Iran’s regional ambitions and to United States President Barack Obama’s policies during the Arab Spring. -
China and Yemen's Forgotten
UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE PEACEBRIEF241 United States Institute of Peace • www.usip.org • Tel. 202.457.1700 • @usip January 2018 I-WEI JENNIFER CHANG China and Yemen’s Forgotten War Email: [email protected] Summary • China’s position on the Yemen conflict is driven primarily by its interest in maintaining close strategic relations with Saudi Arabia. As a result, Beijing has acquiesced to the Saudi-led military campaign in Yemen. • Although not taking a prominent leadership role, China has supported regional and interna- tional initiatives to mitigate the conflict, including the Gulf Cooperation Council Initiative, the National Dialogue Conference, and UN-led peace talks. • As Yemen’s major trade partner, China has an outsized economic presence in the country and can play a significant economic role in Yemen’s postwar reconstruction through its Belt and Road Initiative. Introduction China is playing a supportive, though low-key, role in international efforts to propel Yemen’s peace process in response to one of the world’s greatest humanitarian crises. The Chinese government has China’s response to the backed the political transition process led by the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) as well as the peace “Saudi-led airstrikes, which talks brokered by the United Nations. Beijing, however, has been unwilling to challenge the Saudi-led were militarily supported by air campaign against opposition groups that has killed civilians in a spiraling conflict that has already taken over ten thousand lives—including, in December 2017, that of former president Ali Abdullah the United States and United Saleh by the Houthi rebels.1 Kingdom, was muted. -
Egyptian Labor Corps: Logistical Laborers in World War I and the 1919 Egyptian Revolution
EGYPTIAN LABOR CORPS: LOGISTICAL LABORERS IN WORLD WAR I AND THE 1919 EGYPTIAN REVOLUTION A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Kyle J. Anderson August 2017 © 2017 i EGYPTIAN LABOR CORPS: LOGISTICAL LABORERS IN WORLD WAR I AND THE 1919 EGYPTIAN REVOLUTION Kyle J. Anderson, Ph. D. Cornell University 2017 This is a history of World War I in Egypt. But it does not offer a military history focused on generals and officers as they strategized in grand halls or commanded their troops in battle. Rather, this dissertation follows the Egyptian workers and peasants who provided the labor that built and maintained the vast logistical network behind the front lines of the British war machine. These migrant laborers were organized into a new institution that redefined the relationship between state and society in colonial Egypt from the beginning of World War I until the end of the 1919 Egyptian Revolution: the “Egyptian Labor Corps” (ELC). I focus on these laborers, not only to document their experiences, but also to investigate the ways in which workers and peasants in Egypt were entangled with the broader global political economy. The ELC linked Egyptian workers and peasants into the global political economy by turning them into an important source of logistical laborers for the British Empire during World War I. The changes inherent in this transformation were imposed on the Egyptian countryside, but workers and peasants also played an important role in the process by creating new political imaginaries, influencing state policy, and fashioning new and increasingly violent repertoires of contentious politics to engage with the ELC. -
A Study of the Physical Formation of Medieval Cairo Rotch JUN 0 2 1989
IBN KHALDUN AND THE CITY: A Study of The Physical Formation of Medieval Cairo by Tawfiq F. Abu-Hantash B.Arch. University of Jordan Amman, Jordan June 1983 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURAL STUDIES AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 1989 @ Tawfiq Abu-Hantash 1989. All rights reserved The author hereby grants to M.I.T. permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author Tawfiq Abu-Hantash Department of Architecture 12 May 1989 Certified by Stanford Anderson Professor of History and Architecture Thesis Advisor Accepted by Juki Beinart, Chairman Departmen 1 Committee on Graduate Students Rotch MAS$,A1JUNS2OF TECjajjay 1NSTTE JUN 0 2 1989 WROM Room 14-0551 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Ph: 617.253.2800 MITLibraries Email: [email protected] Document Services http://Iibraries.mit.edu/docs DISCLAIMER OF QUALITY Due to the condition of the original material, there are unavoidable flaws in this reproduction. We have made every effort possible to provide you with the best copy available. If you are dissatisfied with this product and find it unusable, please contact Document Services as soon as possible. Thank you. The images contained in this document are of the best quality available. Abstract 2 IBN KHALDUN AND THE CITY: A Study of The Physical Formation of Medieval Cairo by Tawfiq Abu-Hantash Submitted to the Department of Architecture on May 12, 1989 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Architecture Studies. -
Freedom of the Press 2007
FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 2007 needs updating FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 2007 A Global Survey of Media Independence EDITED BY KARIN DEUTSCH KARLEKAR AND ELEANOR MARCHANT FREEDOM HOUSE NEW YORK WASHINGTON, D.C. ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. LANHAM BOULDER NEW YORK TORONTO PLYMOUTH, UK ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Published in the United States of America by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, MD 20706 www.rowmanlittlefield.com Estover Road, Plymouth PL6 7PY, United Kingdom Copyright © 2007 by Freedom House All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISSN 1551-9163 ISBN-13: 978-0-7425-5435-1 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-7425-5435-X (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-7425-5436-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-7425-5436-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. Table of Contents Acknowledgments, vii The Survey Team, ix Survey Methodology, xix Press Freedom in 2006, 1 Karin Deutsch Karlekar Global and Regional Tables, 17 Muzzling the Media: The Return of Censorship in the Common- wealth of Independent States, 27 Christopher Walker Country Reports and Ratings, 45 Freedom House Board of Trustees, 334 About Freedom House, 335 Acknowledgments Freedom of the Press 2007 could not have been completed without the contributions of numerous Freedom House staff and consultants. -
Dunnthesis2010imk.Pdf
<Linked In> Locked Out The informal participation hierarchy and the discursive patterns of top contributors in the April 6th Youth Movement Facebook group Alexandra S. Dunn 2010 Master’s Thesis for Consideration in the Institute of Media and Communication at the University of Oslo 2010 Alexandra Dunn A thesis submitted for partial fulfilment of a master’s in philosophy in media studies Alexandra S. Dunn – Master’s Thesis IMK <Linked In> Locked Out 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Graphs and tables ............................................................................................................................................................ 6 Foreword............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Abstract................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Chapter 1: Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................10 Chapter 2: Historical-Political Background in Egypt......................................................................................12 Egypt Post-Monarchy: From Nasser to Mubarak .......................................................................................12 Gamal Abdul Nasser...........................................................................................................................................12 -
The GCC Crisis at One Year
The GCC Crisis at One Year Stalemate Becomes New Reality Contributors Majed M. al-Ansari Abdullah Baabood Gabriel Collins David B. Des Roches Charles W. Dunne Imad K. Harb Khalil E. Jahshan Marwan Kabalan Tamara Kharroub Joe Macaron Kristian Coates Ulrichsen Editors Zeina Azzam Imad K. Harb TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 5 Khalil E. Jahshan I: Stalemate and Mediation 11 Measures of Stalemate in the GCC Crisis 13 Imad K. Harb Kuwait’s GCC Mediation: Incentives and Reasons for Failure 23 Marwan Kabalan A Difficult Position: US Mediation in the Gulf Dispute 31 Charles W. Dunne Perspective: Can Washington Resolve the Impasse? 43 Majed M. al-Ansari II: Impacts and Implications 47 Missed Opportunities and Failed Integration in the GCC 49 Kristian Coates Ulrichsen Anti-Qatar Embargo Grinds toward Strategic Failure 59 Gabriel Collins Qatar’s Military Response to a National Emergency 73 ACW Research Team GCC Military Cooperation: A Receding Vision 81 David B. Des Roches Understanding the Humanitarian Costs of the Blockade 91 Tamara Kharroub GCC Divisions and Regional Challenges 101 Joe Macaron The International Implications of the GCC Stalemate 109 Abdullah Baabood Biographies of Contributors 119 About Arab Center Washington DC 125 INTRODUCTION Khalil E. Jahshan INTRODUCTION Khalil E. Jahshan June 5, 2018 marked the first anniversary of the crisis in the Gulf Cooperation Council, when Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain severed diplo- matic relations with neighboring Qatar and imposed an air, land, and sea blockade against it. A few weeks later, they issued a long list of demands for their fellow GCC member to implement in return for defusing the crisis.