Understanding and Combating Anti-Semitism in America Lesson Plan
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Intersectionality and Feminist Politics Yuval-Davis, Nira
www.ssoar.info Intersectionality and Feminist Politics Yuval-Davis, Nira Postprint / Postprint Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Zur Verfügung gestellt in Kooperation mit / provided in cooperation with: www.peerproject.eu Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Yuval-Davis, N. (2006). Intersectionality and Feminist Politics. European Journal of Women's Studies, 13(3), 193-209. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350506806065752 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter dem "PEER Licence Agreement zur This document is made available under the "PEER Licence Verfügung" gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zum PEER-Projekt finden Agreement ". For more Information regarding the PEER-project Sie hier: http://www.peerproject.eu Gewährt wird ein nicht see: http://www.peerproject.eu This document is solely intended exklusives, nicht übertragbares, persönliches und beschränktes for your personal, non-commercial use.All of the copies of Recht auf Nutzung dieses Dokuments. Dieses Dokument this documents must retain all copyright information and other ist ausschließlich für den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen information regarding legal protection. You are not allowed to alter Gebrauch bestimmt. Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments this document in any way, to copy it for public or commercial müssen alle Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise purposes, to exhibit the document in public, to perform, distribute auf gesetzlichen Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses or otherwise use the document in public. Dokument nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated Sie dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke conditions of use. vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Mit der Verwendung dieses Dokuments erkennen Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen an. -
PREJUDICE and DISCRIMINATION Understanding the Meanings And
PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION Understanding the meanings and origins of prejudice and discrimination is essential to recognize and correct discriminatory policies and practices. "All people are prejudiced." - Prejudice is an unfavorable opinion or feelings formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason. We regularly make judgments or form opinions without examining all the information. This information, whether correct and incorrect, comes to us through books, news media, television, direct communication and other sources. We may hold preconceived opinions about people or groups of people. We base our opinions on the ideas communicated by others or exposure to some members of a group. It is important to remember that individuals within a group have their own unique characteristics and abilities. For example: If you hold an opinion that women do not like to travel in their jobs and, for this reason, you do not select a woman for a job requiring travel. You have committed a discriminatory act (based on your prejudice); this is unlawful. The "categories" or "groups" protected from discrimination under the laws are: Race and Color -- any race or color. National Origin -- any national origin. Religion -- any religion. (Reasonable accommodations for employee's religious preferences may include changing tours of duty, granting annual leave, etc.) Sex -- female or male. Sexual Harassment (sex discrimination) -- is deliberate or repeated unsolicited verbal comments, gestures or physical sexual contact that are unwelcome. Age -- must be 40 years of age or older. Physical or Mental Handicap -- a disabled person is an individual who has a physical or mental impairment substantially limiting one or more major life activities, has a record of such an impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment. -
Comprehending Antisemitism Through the Ages: Introduction
Kerstin Mayerhofer and Armin Lange Comprehending Antisemitism through the Ages: Introduction Robert Wistrich’sdefinition of antisemitism as the “longest hatred”¹ carries as much weight now as it did thirty years ago, when Wistrich published his land- mark study. Today, in our contemporary societies and culture, antisemitism is on the rise, and its manifestations are manifold. Antisemitic hate crimes have spiked in recent decades, and antisemitic stereotypes, sentiments, and hate speech have permeated all parts of the political spectrum. In order to effectively counteract the ever-growingJew-hatred of our times, it is important to recognise the traditions thathavefed antisemitism throughout history.Antisemitism is an age-old hatreddeeplyembeddedinsocieties around the globe. While the inter- net and modern media have contributed beyond measure to the increase of Jew- hatred in all parts of the world, the transformation processes thatantisemitism has been undergoing through the ages remain the same. Acorecondition of an- tisemitism is its versatile nature and adaptability,both of which can be traced through all periods of time. Current-day antisemitism is shaped and sustained not onlybypowerful precedents but also reflects common fears and anxieties that our societies are faced with in aworld that is ever changingand where the changes run even faster todaythaneverbefore. Historical awareness of the nature of antisemitism, therefore, is more important than ever.The present volume, thus, wantstohelp raise this awareness.Its articles tracethe history of antisemitismand the tradition of antisemitic stereotypes through the ages. It documents various manifestations of antisemitism over time and reflects on the varyingmotivations for antisemitism.Assuch, these contributions shed light on socio-culturaland socio-psychological processes that have led to the spike of antisemitism in various periods of time and in varyingintensity.In this way, they can help to establish methods and policies to not onlytocounter current antisemitic manifestations but also to combat them. -
Hate Or Prejudice Crimes
Policy Peoria Police Department 338 Peoria PD Policy Manual Hate or Prejudice Crimes 338.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE The Peoria Police Department recognizes and places a high priority on the rights of all individuals guaranteed under the Constitution and the laws of this State. When such rights are infringed upon by violence, threats or other harassment, this department will utilize all available resources to see that justice is served under the law. This policy has been developed to meet or exceed the provisions of the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, and provides members of this department with guidelines for identifying and investigating incidents and crimes that may be motivated by hatred or other bias. 338.1.1 FEDERAL JURISDICTION The federal government has the power to investigate and prosecute bias-motivated violence by providing the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) with jurisdiction over crimes of violence where the perpetrator has selected the victim because of the person's actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity or disability (18 USC § 245). 338.2 DEFINITIONS Definitions related to this policy include: Hate or Prejudice Crime - Willfully committing a crime against another because the actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, physical or mental disability or sexual orientation of the victim was different from that characteristic of the perpetrator. 338.3 PREVENTING AND PREPARING FOR LIKELY HATE OR PREJUDICE CRIMES While it is recognized that not all crime can be prevented, this department is committed to taking a proactive approach to preventing and preparing for likely hate or prejudice crimes by among other things: • Making an affirmative effort to establish contact with persons and groups within the community who are likely targets of hate crimes to form and cooperate with prevention and response networks. -
General Recommendation No. 35 on Gender-Based Violence Against Women, Updating General Recommendation No
CEDAW/C/GC/35 Distr.: General 14 July 2017 Original: English ADVANCE UNEDITED VERSION Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women General recommendation No. 35 on gender-based violence against women, updating general recommendation No. 19 CEDAW/C/GC/35 Preamble The Committee acknowledges the valuable contribution of more than a hundred civil society and women's organisations, States parties as well as academia, UN entities and other stakeholders that provided their views and comments during the elaboration of this general recommendation. The Committee also acknowledges with gratitude the contribution of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences to this work and to the present document.1 I. Introduction 1. General recommendation No. 19 on violence against women, adopted by the Committee at its eleventh session in 1992,2 states that discrimination against women –as defined in article 1 of the Convention- includes gender-based violence, that is, ‘violence which is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately’, and, as such, is a violation of their human rights. 2. For over 25 years, the practice of States parties has endorsed the Committee’s interpretation. The opinio juris and State practice suggest that the prohibition of gender- based violence against women has evolved into a principle of customary international law. general recommendation No. 19 has been a key catalyst for this process.3 1 As agreed in the Committee decisions 65/IV and 66/IX. 2 Although the Committee first addressed this violence in 1989 through its general recommendation No. -
Stereotypes of Jews in Poland in the Context of Political Antisemitism
Stereotypy wzajemnego postrzegania w świadomości pokoleniowej 1 Jerzy Sielski, Jan Długosz Academy Stereotypes of Jews in Poland in the Context of Political Antisemitism The perception of ethnic minorities and nationalities has its own longstanding tradition. The stereotype of Jews is linked to the phenomenon of antisemitism. One of the most well-known definitions of antisemitism belongs to Jean-Paul Sartre: “Antisemitism seeks to find, in the existence of Jews, the cause of all or some failures, personal and collective; and the belief that it is possible to solve problems through partially or totally depriving Jews of their rights, through excluding them from the economy and society, driving them out of the country or even extermination "1. Alina Cała proposes a wider definition in her monograph Żyd - wróg odwieczny? Antysemityzm w Polsce i jego źródła (The Jew – the Eternal Enemy? Antisemitism in Poland and Its Sources): Antisemitism – an ideology, a world view or political current, containing a complex prejudice, justifying a hostile attitude to Jews. The formation of the concept of nationalism and totalitarianism was based on a tradition of anti-Judaism. Sometimes, it is referred to as racism, incorrectly singling out Jews as an anthropological race. In a broader sense – the defining of social attitudes, manifesting themselves in a world view in which an important role is played by aggression, verbal or physical, disapproving generally of and showing prejudice against Jews, and justifying such conduct through religious, nationalist, racist, political or economic reasons2. Daniel Jonah Goldhagen, in his book Hitler’s Willing Executioners, Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust, in which he tries to understand the conduct and mentality of thousands of Germans who became the perpetrators of genocide, distinguishes three dimensions of antisemitism3. -
Dehumanization: Understanding the Paradox of Human Interaction Debra Keenahan University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1990 Dehumanization: understanding the paradox of human interaction Debra Keenahan University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Keenahan, Debra, Dehumanization: understanding the paradox of human interaction, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Wollongong, 1990. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1656 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] DEHUMANIZATION UNDERSTANDING THE PARADOX OF HUMAN INTERACTION A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Wollongong by Debra Keenahan, BA (Hons) Department of Psychology 1990 University of Wollongong Candidate's Certificate i certify that the thesis entitled Dehumanization: Understanding the Paradox of Human Interaction, and submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, is the result of my own research, except where otherwise acknowledged, and that this thesis (or any part of the same) has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other university or institution. Signed : Date : ./2:..<3.:..?9, TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements v i i i Dedication x Abstract x i INTRODUCTION 1 PART 1 : THE DYNAMICS OF DEHUMANIZATION CHAPTER ONE: DEFINING DEHUMANIZATION 8 What Does It Mean To Be A Human Being? 9 Limitations of Human Agency 1 0 People -
Not Yet Human: Implicit Knowledge, Historical Dehumanization, and Contemporary Consequences
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Copyright 2008 by the American Psychological Association 2008, Vol. 94, No. 2, 292–306 0022-3514/08/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.2.292 Not Yet Human: Implicit Knowledge, Historical Dehumanization, and Contemporary Consequences Phillip Atiba Goff Jennifer L. Eberhardt The Pennsylvania State University Stanford University Melissa J. Williams Matthew Christian Jackson University of California, Berkeley The Pennsylvania State University Historical representations explicitly depicting Blacks as apelike have largely disappeared in the United States, yet a mental association between Blacks and apes remains. Here, the authors demonstrate that U.S. broadly. citizens implicitly associate Blacks and apes. In a series of laboratory studies, the authors reveal how this association influences study participants’ basic cognitive processes and significantly alters their judg- publishers. ments in criminal justice contexts. Specifically, this Black–ape association alters visual perception and attention, and it increases endorsement of violence against Black suspects. In an archival study of actual allied disseminated criminal cases, the authors show that news articles written about Blacks who are convicted of capital its be crimes are more likely to contain ape-relevant language than news articles written about White convicts. of to Moreover, those who are implicitly portrayed as more apelike in these articles are more likely to be one not executed by the state than those who are not. The authors argue that examining the subtle persistence of or is specific historical representations such as these may not only enhance contemporary research on dehumanization, stereotyping, and implicit processes but also highlight common forms of discrimination and that previously have gone unrecognized. -
The Four I's of Oppression
THE FOUR "I's" OF OPPRESSION Ideological Oppression First, any oppressive system has at its core the idea that one group is somehow better than another, and in some measure has the right to control the other group. This idea gets elaborated in many ways-- more intelligent, harder working, stronger, more capable, more noble, more deserving, more advanced, chosen, normal, superior, and so on. The dominant group holds this idea about itself. And, of course, the opposite qualities are attributed to the other group--stupid, lazy, weak, incompetent, worthless, less deserving, backward, abnormal, inferior, and so on. Institutional Oppression The idea that one group is better than another group and has the right to control the other gets embedded in the institutions of the society--the laws, the legal system and police practice, the education system and schools, hiring policies, public policies, housing development, media images, political power, etc. When a woman makes two thirds of what a man makes in the same job, it is institutionalized sexism. When one out of every four African-American young men is currently in jail, on parole, or on probation, it is institutionalized racism. When psychiatric institutions and associations “diagnose” transgender people as having a mental disorder, it is institutionalized gender oppression and transphobia. Institutional oppression does not have to be intentional. For example, if a policy unintentionally reinforces and creates new inequalities between privileged and non-privileged groups, it is considered institutional oppression. Interpersonal Oppression The idea that one group is better than another and has the right to control the other, which gets structured into institutions, gives permission and reinforcement for individual members of the dominant group to personally disrespect or mistreat individuals in the oppressed group. -
The Role of Envy in Anti-Semitism by José Leopoldo Duarte A
The Role of Envy in Anti-Semitism by José Leopoldo Duarte A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved April 2015 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee Adam Cohen, Chair Steven L. Neuberg Paul Karoly Craig T. Nagoshi ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY December 2015 ABSTRACT Anti-Semitism is a recurrent phenomenon in modern history, but has garnered relatively little focus among research psychologists compared to prejudice toward other groups. The present work frames anti-Semitism as a strategy for managing the implications of Jews’ extraordinary achievements compared to other groups. Anti- Semitic beliefs are sorted into two types: stereotypes that undercut the merit of Jews’ achievements by attributing them to unfair advantages such as power behind the scenes; and stereotypes that offset Jews’ achievements by attaching unfavorable traits or defects to Jews, which are unrelated to the achievement domains, e.g. irritating personalities or genetically-specific health problems. The salience of Jews’ disproportionate achievements was hypothesized as driving greater endorsement of anti-Semitic stereotypes, and envy was hypothesized as mediating this effect. Individual differences in narcissistic self-esteem and moral intuitions around in- group loyalty and equity-based fairness were hypothesized as moderating the effect of Jewish achievement on anti-Semitic beliefs. The results showed greater endorsement of undercutting – but not offsetting – stereotypes after reading about Jewish achievements, compared to Jewish culture or general American achievement conditions. Envy did not significantly mediate this effect. The moral foundation of in- group loyalty predicted greater endorsement of anti-Semitic stereotypes in the Jewish Achievement condition, and lesser endorsement in the Jewish Culture condition. -
Representation of Jews in the Media: an Analysis of Old Hollywood Stereotypes Perpetuated in Modern Television Minnah Marguerite Stein
)ORULGD6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\/LEUDULHV 2021 Representation of Jews in the Media: An Analysis of Old Hollywood Stereotypes Perpetuated in Modern Television Minnah Marguerite Stein Follow this and additional works at DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF COMMUNICATIONS REPRESENTATION OF JEWS IN THE MEDIA: AN ANALYSIS OF OLD HOLLYWOOD STEREOTYPES PERPETUATED IN MODERN TELEVISION By MINNAH STEIN A Thesis submitted to the Department of Communications and Media Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in the Major Degree Awarded: Summer, 2021 The members of the Defense Committee approve the thesis of Minnah Stein defended on April 2, 2021. Dr. Andrew Opel Thesis Director Dr. Martin Kavka Outside Committee Member Dr. Arienne Ferchaud Committee Member 2 Abstract Anti-Semitism in the United States is just as prevalent today as it has ever been. How does this cultural anti-Semitism translate into the media? Through portraying Jews as greedy, neurotic, pushy, money obsessed, cheap, and a myriad other negative stereotypes, the media often perpetuates long standing anti-Semitic tropes. This thesis analyzes the prevalence of Jewish stereotypes in modern television through the analysis and discussion of three of the most popular current television shows, getting into the nuance and complexity of Jewish representation. Through the deliberate viewing of Big Mouth, The Goldbergs, and Schitt’s Creek, the conclusion is that although an effort is being made to debunk some stereotypes about Jews, there are other Jewish stereotypes that have remained popular in television media. These stereotypes are harmful to Jews because they both feed and fuel the anti-Semitic attitudes of viewers. -
Anti-Semitism and the Merchant of Venice
A Discussion Guide for Educators A Publication of the Anti-Defamation League Anti- Semitism and The Merchant of Venice: A Discussion Guide for Educators Barbara Balser, National Chair Abraham H. Foxman, National Director Kenneth Jacobson, Deputy National Director Caryl M. Stern, Senior Associate National Director/ Chief Operating Officer Marshall S. Levin, Senior Associate National Director/ Director, National Development Michael Salberg, Associate National Director/ Director, International Affairs Bob Wolfson, Associate National Director, Regional Operations Richard D. Glovsky, Chair, Education Gary M. Bretton-Granatoor, Director, Education Lucille S. Kantor, Chair, A WORLD OF DIFFERENCE® Institute Lindsay J. Friedman, Senior Associate Director, Education/ Director, A WORLD OF DIFFERENCE® Institute Scott Hirschfeld, Director, Curriculum Nina Simone Grotch, Associate Director, ADL San Francisco Regional Office © 2006 Anti-Defamation League 605 Third Avenue New York, NY 10158-3560 (212) 885-7700/885-7800 (212) 867-0779/490-0187 (Fax) www.adl.org Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by an information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © 2006 Anti-Defamation League Page 2 Anti- Semitism and The Merchant of Venice: A Discussion Guide for Educators I am a Jew. Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimension, senses, affections, passions IN THIS GUIDE I. Teaching Controversial Texts ... 4 II. A Brief History of Anti-Semitism ... 5 III. Shakespeare s England ... .. 7 IV. Shylock: A Character Analysis ... .. 10 V.