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The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Forest Department The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Forest Department Forest Restoration, Development and Investment Project (FREDIP) Environmental and Social Management Framework (DRAFT FOR CONSULTATIONS) (December 2020) Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... i List of Tables............................................................................................................................ iv List of Figures .......................................................................................................................... vi Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ vii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xiv Glossary xvi Conversion Table xviii 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objectives of Environmental and Social Framework 1 1.2 Scope of Environmental and Social Framework (ESMF) 2 2 Project Description ....................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Project Development Objective 4 2.2 Project Beneficiaries 4 2.3 Project Components and Sub-components 4 2.4 Criteria for Selection of Project Sites in Target Regions 12 2.5 Project Implementation Arrangements 12 3 Policy and Legal Framework ....................................................................................... 14 3.1 The World Bank Environmental and Social Framework Requirements 14 3.2 Summary of Gap Analysis between National Legislation and World Bank’s ESF 14 4 Environmental Baseline Conditions ............................................................................ 33 4.1 Introduction 33 4.2 Topography 34 4.3 Geology 35 4.4 Hydrology and Water Resources 35 4.5 Forests 36 4.6 Threats to Forests 38 4.6.1 Forest Cover Changes ............................................................................................. 38 4.6.2 Forest Fires .............................................................................................................. 40 4.7 Forest Administration 42 4.7.1 Community Forestry ............................................................................................... 43 4.7.2 Protected Areas ...................................................................................................... 45 4.7.3 Status of Protection of Remaining Natural Forests in Central Dry Zone ................ 47 4.8 Ecosystems and Biodiversity 48 4.8.1 Ecosystems .............................................................................................................. 48 4.8.2 Biodiversity ............................................................................................................. 51 4.9 Ecosystem Services 54 5 Socioeconomic Baseline Conditions ........................................................................... 57 5.1 Introduction 57 5.2 Demography 57 5.3 Education and Literacy 57 5.4 Land use in the Project Regions 58 5.5 Gender Parity 59 5.6 Livelihoods 60 5.7 Agriculture 60 5.8 Poverty 60 5.9 Labour force 60 5.10 Water Supply 61 5.11 Sanitation 61 5.12 Household energy use 61 5.13 Urbanization 61 5.14 Access to finance 61 5.15 Social Protection 61 5.16 Cultural Heritage 62 5.17 Health Care Services 62 5.18 Communications 63 5.19 Gender-based Violence 63 5.20 Climate change 63 6 Potential Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ............................................... 64 6.1 Introduction 64 6.2 Methodology 64 6.3 Summary of Environmental and Social Risks 64 6.3.1 Summary of Risks by World Bank E&S Standards ................................................... 65 6.3.2 E&S Risks by Project Component ............................................................................ 71 6.4 Proposed Management and Mitigation Approach and Next Steps 88 7 Approach to Environmental and Social Risk Management ......................................... 89 7.1 Introduction 89 7.2 Management Approach and Requirements 95 7.3 Roadmap to Key Operational Support Documents 97 8 Implementation of Environmental and Social Management Framework ................... 100 8.1 Institutional Arrangements for Implementation 100 8.2 Institutional Capacity Assessment 110 8.3 Capacity Strengthening Measures 112 9 Monitoring and Reporting ......................................................................................... 116 9.1 Monitoring 116 9.2 Reporting 116 9.2.1 Regular Reporting ................................................................................................. 116 9.2.2 Incident Reporting ................................................................................................ 116 10 Grievance Redress Mechanism .................................................................................. 119 10.1 Organizational Responsibilities. 119 10.1.1 Ministerial Level (MONREC and FD) ...................................................................... 119 10.1.2 Forest Department PMU and Other Stakeholders ............................................... 120 ii 10.2 Thematic Grievance Mechanisms 121 10.2.1 Mechanisms for Raising Grievances and Informing Stakeholders ........................ 124 10.2.2 Grievance Monitoring, Tracking and Reporting. ................................................... 124 10.2.3 Budget and resources. .......................................................................................... 124 10.2.4 Staff Training and Capacity Building ..................................................................... 125 11 Budget ...................................................................................................................... 126 11.1 Implementation of ESMF and Monitoring 126 12 Environmental and Social Management Consultation and Disclosure ....................... 128 12.1 Stakeholder Engagement Approach 128 12.1.1 Objectives of the engagement approach. ............................................................. 128 12.1.2 Covid-19 protocol for Stakeholder Engagement After March 2020. .................... 129 12.2 Stakeholder Identification and Analysis and Stakeholder Engagement Plan 130 12.3 Consultations During Project Preparation 130 12.3.1 Consultations in the Stage of Project Design Formulation. .................................. 130 12.3.2 Consultations in the Stage of Preparation of SA ................................................... 130 12.3.3 Disclosure of Environmental and Social Documents including ESMF ................... 131 12.3.4 Public Consultations of the Draft ESMF ................................................................ 131 12.4 Consultations during Project Implementation 134 12.4.1 Disclosure and Consultation on site specific Environmental and Social documents 135 Annexes ............................................................................................................................... 136 Annex 1: Screening Form for Potential Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ............ 137 Annex 2: Environmental Code of Practices (ECoPs) ............................................................... 150 Annex 3: Guideline for Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Management in Community Forest Management Planning Process .................................................................................. 161 Annex 4: Monitoring and Reporting Template ...................................................................... 173 Annex 5: Standard Operation Procedure for UXO/Landmine Risk ......................................... 186 Annex 6: Generic Integrated Pest Management Plan ............................................................ 191 Annex 7: Waste Management Plan ....................................................................................... 198 Annex 8: Labour Management Procedures ........................................................................... 204 Annex 9: Security Risk Assessment and Management Plan ................................................... 226 Annex 10: Community Health and Safety Plan ...................................................................... 242 Annex 11: Resettlement Policy Framework .......................................................................... 253 Annex 12: Process Framework .............................................................................................. 286 Annex 13: Community Participation Planning Framework .................................................... 294 Annex 14: Cultural Heritage Management Procedure ........................................................... 305 Annex 15: Terms of Reference for the Site-Specific Social Assessment ................................. 313 iii Annex 16: Summary of Consultations ................................................................................... 318 List of Tables Table 2-1 Activities to be Implemented under Sub-component 1.1 .............................................. 4 Table 2-2 Activities to be Implemented under Sub-component 1.2 .............................................. 7 Table 2-3 Sub-Components of Project Component 2 .................................................................... 8 Table 2-4 Activities to be Implemented under Component 3.1 .................................................... 9 Table 2-5 Activities to be Implemented under Component
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