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(Mioceno Superior), Valle Del Cajón, Provincia De Catamarca, Argentina

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(Mioceno Superior), Valle Del Cajón, Provincia De Catamarca, Argentina Morton & Herbst: Gastrópodos del MiocenoRev. Superior Mus. deArgentino Catamarca Cienc. Nat., n.s.153 9(2): 153-160, 2007 Buenos Aires, ISSN 1514-5158 Gastrópodos de la Formación El Morterito (Mioceno Superior), valle del Cajón, provincia de Catamarca, Argentina Lourdes S. MORTON1 & Rafael HERBST2 1Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, UNNE. CECOAL CONICET, Casilla de Correo 128, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica – CONICET, Las Piedras 201 7º/B, T4000 BRE Tucumán, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Gastropods from the Morterito Formation (Upper Miocene) in the Cajon Valley, Catamarca province, Argentina. A gastropod fauna from several localities in the Cajón valley, Catamarca province, from the Upper Miocene El Morterito Formation is described. It includes two new species of Epiphragmophora (Xanthonychidae), two new species of Biomphalaria (Planorbidae), and one previously known species of Cyclodontina (Odontostomidae). This association suggests shallow freshwater bodies, with vegetated margins. Key words: Gastropods. Morterito Formation. Upper Miocene. Catamarca province. Argentina. ____________ Los materiales que se describen en la presen- Una de las localidades de las que proceden te contribución son parte de un más amplio pro- los gastrópodos aquí descriptos fue analizada por yecto sobre el estudio sistemático de las faunas Malizia et al. (1990), particularmente en el río de invertebrados del Neógeno del noroeste de Totoral (Fig. 1, punto 1), localidad ubicada a unos Argentina. 300 m al norte del río Totoral, a unos 3 km hacia Citamos como únicos antecedentes directa- el sur, desde la ruta hacia La Hoyada, donde di- mente relacionados con los gastrópodos aquí es- vidieron esta parte de la secuencia en 3 «facies» tudiados, los aportes de Parodiz (1969), Morton (A, B y C). En lo que denominaron «facies B», (1984, 1986, 1998) y Morton y Herbst (2001) de afloran aproximadamente 40 m de «...fangolitas los valles de Santa María y de Villavil, en la pro- y areniscas finas tabulares de colores verdes, gri- vincia de Catamarca, todos del Mioceno Superior. ses y rojizos, de marcada continuidad lateral jun- Los invertebrados fósiles (bivalvos asignados a to con varios niveles de tobas.» Malizia et al. «Corbicula» y «restos de gastrópodos» del valle (1990), señalaron: «Las estructuras sedimenta- del Cajón, fueron citados primeramente por rias son escasas, presentan laminación paralela Peirano (1943) y luego por Turner (1973) pero y estratificación cruzada planar. Los estratos tie- sin que se describieran estos materiales. Turner nen entre 0,20 y 2 m de espesor. Presenta varios (1973) incluyó la porción fosilífera de esta secuen- niveles fosilíferos; cerca de la base se encuentra cia, constituida por «... areniscas y bancos arci- un nivel de coquina con gastrópodos, ostrácodos llosos de color verde, en un paquete de 5 metros (Neocorbicula) (sic) y escamas de peces». Con de potencia...» en su Formación El Morterito, respecto al paleoambiente sedimentario conclu- unidad basal del Grupo El Bolsón. Bossi et al. yen que se trata de «...una planicie de baja pen- (1992) redefinieron la estratigrafía del Neógeno diente, con cuerpos lagunares distribuidos en ella del Cajón, dividiendo la columna en Alofor- o que se forman en ciertas épocas.» Todo ello maciones. La sección que interesa a este trabajo implica decididamente ambiente dulceacuícola. se ubica dentro de la Aloformación Playa del Zo- Las demás localidades ubicadas en la Fig. 1 (2 rro y en la sección inferior de la subsecuencia IIc a 6), comparten esencialmente, aunque con al- de esa unidad, donde predominan limolitas y are- gunas variaciones, los caracteres de este per- niscas finas, amarillas y verde amarillentas, en fil. No siempre los fósiles están en la base de la capas delgadas y con laminación paralela y secuencia y en algunos casos, la potencia es ondulítica, indican su origen es lacustre (Bossi et mayor que la señalada por Malizia et al. (1990). al. 1993) (Tabla 1). Debe agregarse que no existe un único nivel Una buena descripción sedimentológica de fosilífero, sino varios con moluscos y ostráco- esta columna puede encontrarse en Bossi et al. dos. Recientemente, en la localidad 1 de la Fig. (2000) quienes estudiaron las paleocorrientes y 1 (Río Totoral) se ha encontrado un nivel por- establecieron las características paleoam- tador de buenas impresiones de hojas (Anzó- bientales de las Aloformaciones. tegui et al. 2006). 154 Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, n. s. 9 (2), 2007 Tabla 1. Cuadro de correlación estratigráfica en- Morton), también se hallaron ostrácodos y algu- tre el valle de Santa María y del Cajón. nos dientes y escamas de peces. La relativamen- te escasa cohesión de los sedimentos permitió la separación de los gastrópodos sumergiendo las muestras en agua y separando los ejemplares bajo lupa; los más pequeños fueron montados en portamicrofósiles. El material está depositado en la colección de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina bajo el acrónimo CTES-PZ. Los materiales adicionales correspon- den a lotes de por lo menos 25 ejemplares. DESCRIPCIONES SISTEMATICAS Phylum Mollusca Linné, 1758 Clase Gastropoda Cuvier, 1797 Subclase Pulmonata Cuvier, 1817 Orden Stylommatophora Schmidt, 1855 La edad de la Formación El Morterito fue es- Superfamilia Helicoidea Rafinesque, 1815 tablecida por Turner (1973) como «Calcha- Familia Xanthonychidae Strebel y Pfeffer, 1880 quense», esto es, Mioceno sensu lato, de acuerdo (=Helminthoglyptidae Pilsbry, 1939) con la nomenclatura de la época. Strecker et al., Subfamilia Epiphragmophorinae Pilsbry, 1939 (1989) concluyen que la sierra de Quilmes no se encontraba elevada al inicio del Neógeno, for- Género Epiphragmophora Doering, 1874 mando el valle del Cajón una sola cuenca con el valle de Santa María; además estiman que el le- Especie tipo. Epiphragmophora hieronymi vantamiento de la sierra de Quilmes se habría Doering, 1874. producido en 5,47 ± 0,9 Ma. Malizia et al. (1990) establecieron una equivalencia de su facies B con Comentarios. La familia Helminthoglyp- la Formación San José del valle de Santa María, tidae es de origen norteamericano donde existen pero nuevos estudios estratigráficos como registros ya desde el Cretácico, y en la actuali- radimétricos, permiten correlacionar esta porción dad es endémica y muy diversificada. La distri- de la secuencia con la Formación Chiquimil de bución actual en esta parte del continente sud- aquel valle. Las estimaciones más modernas es- americano, se registra en el oeste desde Perú tán condensadas en Bossi et al. (2000) quienes extendiéndose hasta el centro y sur de la Argen- señalan que «... por encima de los niveles tina. El género Epiphragmophora fue propuesto lacustres, se ha fechado la toba MC5, en cristales por Doering (1874) para las especies sudameri- individuales con el método Ar/Ar y valores: 5.38 canas y principalmente para la República Argen- ± 0.07 y 6.04 ± 0.07 (media en 5.71 ± 0.4)». Este tina, pero fue Pilsbry (1939) quién finalmente valor indicaría para la sección lacustre una ma- aclaró su posición sistemática. Las especies de yor antigüedad, siempre dentro del Mioceno Su- este género son frecuentes en la Región Neotro- perior. Esta edad concuerda por lo tanto, con la pical, al noroeste de la Subregión Guyano-Brasi- de la Formación Chiquimil del valle de Santa leña y al noreste de la Región Andino-Patagónica; María con la que además comparte buena parte pocas especies tienen dimensiones pequeñas, que de los elementos de la fauna. en general varían entre 16 mm y 18 mm, pero la mayoría presentan dimensiones que van desde MATERIALES Y METODOS los 25 a 32-40 mm (Fernández y Rumi, 1984). En la provincia biogeográfica del Monte (Cabrera y Los materiales exhiben una excelente preser- Willink, 1973), las especies son muy abundantes, vación, con abundancia de valvas junto con mol- y a pesar de que este género no es de hábitos des e impresiones, los que muchas veces presen- arbóreos, en lugares muy secos se las encuentra tan una delgada película blanca, vestigios del sobre cactus enormes (Fernández y Rumi, 1984); carbonato de calcio disuelto. Además de gastró- en Tucumán, Catamarca, Salta (Argentina) y en podos y bivalvos (Neocorbicula stelzneri (Parodiz) Bolivia son abundantes. Como fósiles se conocen Morton, N. herbsti Morton y N. anzoteguiae Epiphragmophora feruglioi Parodiz, del Tercia- Morton & Herbst: Gastrópodos del Mioceno Superior de Catamarca 155 Procedencia estratigráfica. Tercio inferior de la Formación El Morterito. Edad. Mioceno Superior Derivatio nominis. Dedicado al Dr. Juan Carlos Turner, quien realizó importantes estu- dios estratigráficos en la zona. Material adicional. PZ-CTES Nº 5633, río Totoral, Catamarca. Descripción. Conchilla de forma subdiscoi- dal; espira baja, apenas sobresaliente; 4½ vueltas poco convexas, la última más ancha y amplia, so- bresaliente, la cual desciende levemente, termi- nando en la abertura lateralmente inclinada ha- cia la derecha, algo oblicua; separadas por suturas bien marcadas. Peristoma expandido, ancho, subcircular, de 0,6 mm x 0,6 mm y algo engrosa- do. Ombligo bien marcado. Superficie sin marcas, desgastada. Discusión. Epiphragmophora tranquelleonis (Grateloup, 1851) muy abundante en las Sierras Pampeanas, especialmente en las provincias de Córdoba, La Rioja, y Catamarca (Fernández y Rumi, 1984) es, entre las
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