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A U.S. F-35 Lightning II flies to the 's base in Lakenheath, , in April 2017. SENIOR AIRMAN CHRISTINE GROENING/ U.S. AIR FORCE

OVERLightning By per Concordiam Staff OVER per Concordiam 61 On April 25, 2017, two U.S. Air of the NATO Treaty — the defense Force F-35A Lightning II Joint Strike of all members of the Alliance. Cutting- Fighters touched down at Ämari Air “This deployment clearly demon- Base in Estonia. Three days later, strates our nation’s contribution to two other F-35As arrived at Graf the security and collective defense edge F-35A Ignatievo in . The here in Europe,” said Gen. Curtis planes were part of the first train- Scaparrotti, of the Strike ing deployment to Europe for the U.S. European Command, while new fifth-generation fighters. The welcoming the Joint Strike Fighters’ multirole F-35 platform can perform arrival at RAF Lakenheath. Fighters missions traditionally carried out by Ämari Air Base is in northwest- several specialized , such as ern Estonia about 40 kilometers train with air-to-air combat, , from the capital, Tallinn, and about surveillance and reconnaissance. 240 kilometers from the Russian OThe four planes were among eight border. The U.S. Air Force said the Eastern that began the deployment by flying deployment had been in the works from Hill Air Force base in Utah to for some time — closely coordinated NATO the Royal Air Force (RAF) base in with the Estonian hosts — and Lakenheath, England. had no connection to heightened These new planes with advanced tensions in the region. Estonian allies stealth technology can be used in Defense Minister Margus Tsahkna training exercises with allies and was clearly heartened by the partners, helping to integrate with dynamic display of solidarity. “The NATO infrastructure introduction of the newest fighter F-35A Lightning II aircraft land at the Royal Air and enhance interoper- to Europe, with its state-of-the- Force base in Lakenheath, England, in April 2017. Their arrival marked the first F-35A fighter training ability. The deployment art systems, will help the Alliance deployment to an overseas location. shows the ’ maintain the fundamental sover- TECH. SGT. MATTHEW PLEW/U.S. AIR FORCE commitment to Article 5 eign rights of all nations,” he said.

62 per Concordiam “You’re always welcome here. Enjoy your stay in Estonia and joint and combined initiatives like Operation Atlantic Resolve in our skies.” Twenty U.S. ground support airmen also made and in flying exercises like Thracian Summer and Thracian the trip to Estonia to support the two Joint Strike Fighters. Star. Our commitment to Bulgaria is but an example of our While in Estonia, the Lightning pilots trained with U.S. unwavering support to all allied nations.” and Estonian special forces to communicate and coordinate After the forward deployment to Estonia and Bulgaria, the activities with aircraft and demonstrate the elite tactical forces’ F-35As returned to RAF Lakenheath to continue the training capabilities. The U.S. Special Operations troops were already mission. The deployment is an important milestone in the Joint in Estonia, training with their local counterparts as part of Strike Fighter program, according to the U.S. Air Force. The Operation Atlantic F-35As worked on interop- Resolve, an effort to erability by planning and bolster the defense of coordinating operations NATO’s easternmost with the RAF and conduct- nations and to reassure ing operations with NATO allies and part- United Kingdom F-16s. ners in the region after In addition to enhanc- the Russian intervention ing integration and in . interoperability, the Later that week, deployment allows the at Graf Ignatievo Air U.S. Air Force to demon- Base near the central strate the operational Bulgarian city of , capabilities of the new another F-35A contin- aircraft and helps refine gent conducted training the beddown require- with the Bulgarian Air ments at RAF Lakenheath Force. “I have to say that in preparation for the for us, this makes us very eventual permanent proud,” Bulgarian Air stationing of F-35s there Force Commander Maj. and elsewhere in Europe. Gen. Tsanko Stoykov Lakenheath is scheduled to said during a reception become home to two Joint ceremony at the airfield. Strike Fighter squadrons “Our efforts have been beginning in 2021. To appreciated, and we are support the three-week trusted as a reliable ally deployment, 250 airmen and it immensely contrib- from Hill Air Force Base utes to the development accompanied the Strike of the bilateral relations Fighters to England. The between our two counties troops and the planes and our two air forces.” belong to the 388th Also at Graf Estonian and U.S. Special Operations joint tactical air controllers watch as Fighter . Ignatievo, as part of the an F-35A Lightning II takes off at Ämari Air Base in Estonia in April 2017. Operation Atlantic Thracian 2017 STAFF SGT. CHARLENE MOLER/U.S. SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND EUROPE Resolve also provides, exercise, were a dozen An F-35A Lightning II takes off from the Royal Air Force base in Lakenheath, according to U.S. F-15 Eagle fighters England, in May 2017. Eight F-35A aircraft trained with other Europe-based aircraft Europe, “continuous, belonging to the 122nd during a three-week deployment. AIRMAN 1ST CLASS JOHN CRAWFORD/U.S. AIR FORCE enhanced multinational Fighter of the training and security 159th Fighter Wing of cooperation activities with the Louisiana Air National Guard. The U.S. units are train- allies and partners in eastern Europe,” which aims to “improve ing with MIG-29s, SU-25s and L-39s and interoperability, strengthen relationships and trust among allied ground-based air defense units, including integrated flying , contribute to regional stability, and demonstrate U.S. scenarios that prepare the allied forces for joint combat opera- commitment to NATO.” Atlantic Resolve was implemented tions if needed. “The United States and Bulgaria have a strong in April 2014 and includes multinational training and secu- and enduring friendship,” Lt. Gen. Richard Clark, U.S. 3rd rity cooperation in Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Air Force commander, confirmed. “We routinely train through , in addition to Estonia and Bulgaria. o

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