DOCSLIB.ORG

Palác Snov Judith Vidal Hall

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Palác Snov Judith Vidal Hall Palác snov Judith Vidal Hall Románopisec Ismail Kadare, prostredníctvom výnimočného stvárnenia štátu strachu panujúceho v Albánsku Envera Ho - džu, odhaľuje činnosť diktátorovej tajnej služby. Pred niekoľkými mesiacmi som sa v okamihu rozhodla vyces - tovať do Albánska, tej dávno zabudnutej a uzavretej krajiny na brehu Jadranu na dohľad od Talianska, ktorá bola svetu tak dlho neprístupná pod vedením posledného z ortodoxných stalinis - tov, súdruha Envera Hodžu. Zomrel v roku 1985, komunistický režim skončil v roku 1991, ale krajina ostáva pre vonkajší svet prevažne neznáma. Návštevníkov je málo, tak ako kníh o Al - bánsku v angličtine. Objavila som iba nedávno preložený Ho - džov životopis, ktorý som dychtivo prečítala. Je to dobre zdokumentovaný, výskumom podložený popis zločinov režimu a presvedčivá obžaloba jeho vodcu. Ale nepo - vedal mi takmer nič o krajine, jej histórii alebo dopadoch dik - tatúry na prevažne vidiecke obyvateľstvo. Pre toto som sa mu - sela vybrať inam, k celkom odlišnému zdroju. Na základe často opakovaného výroku, že „fikcia je klam - stvo, cez ktoré hovoríme pravdu“, prezrádzajú romány najvýz - namnejšieho albánskeho spisovateľa Ismaila Kadareho (určite nositeľa Nobelovej ceny v blízkej budúcnosti) o živote v dikta - túre viac ako akákoľvek kniha, ktorá sa objavila od diktátorovej smrti na túto tému. Z jeho mnohých kníh práve Agamemnon’s Daughter (Agamemnonova dcéra – pozn. prekl. ) a jej pokračo - vanie – The Successor (Nástupca – pozn. prekl. ) živo zobrazujú metódy, ktorými Hodža zasieval stav strachu do mysle posled - ného Albánca a taktiež zobrazuje zvláštnu intimitu jeho bez - ohľadnéhozaobchádzania s najbližšími súdruhmi a priateľmi. Minulosť a prítomnosť sú priepustné stavy v Kadareho fik - cii – iba tenká pórovitá membrána oddeľuje naratívy, ktoré sa posúvajú raz dopredu, raz dozadu v čase a priestore. Povesť, bájka a história sú zaznamenané s iróniou, satirou a humorom, aby čo najvernejšie zobrazili stav krajiny pod vládou jej arci - diktátora. V krajine, ktorá videla prechádzať Aenea na jeho ceste z Tróje, boje Ilýrov proti Grékom a Rimanom o súperiace impériá, má bohatá história z čoho čerpať. Azda najlepšie to vidno v Paláci snov (e Palace of Dreams ), podľa mnohých za Kadareho majstrovské dielo, ktoré nielenže 89 JUDITH VIDAL HALL / Ismail Kadare na mňa urobilo trvalý dojem, ale taktiež najlepšie odhaľuje skutočnú povahu Hodžovho režimu z pohľadu Albáncov. Sny obyvateľstva „Spojeného osmanského štátu“ monito - ruje zo svojho prísne stráženého paláca rozsiahla a utajená hierarchia byrokratov. Skryté vedomie celého národa je pod ich dohľadom a zasnívaní úbožiaci podstupujú tresty zo strany vlády. Zachytáva paranoju, posadnutosť sledovaním a drakonické tresty najkrutejšieho diktátora dvadsiateho storočia jasnejšie ako akákoľvek historická fak - tografia alebo životopis. Toto dielo je rovnako platné pre akúkoľvek vládu strachu, ktorá dúfa, že svoje obyvateľstvo zredukuje na slepo oddaných prívržencov jej vládnutia. Nová posila, Mark-Alem, mladý člen rodiny so vznešeným rodokmeňom, ktorá má komplikované vzťahy s vládnucou vrstvou, prichádza do Paláca snov, aby sa zhostil svo - jich úloh. Základný princíp Tabir Sarrail (Paláca snov – pozn. prekl. ) nespočíva v otvorenosti voči vonkajším vplyvom, ale v uzavretosti voči nim. Nie otvorenosť, ale izolácia. A tak vstup do neho nie je v súlade s odporúčaním, ale s jeho opakom... Úlohou Paláca snov vytvoreného vládnucim sultánom nie je zatriediť a skúmať osa - motené sny niektorých jednotlivcov (napr. tých, ktorým bola v minulosti z nejakého dôvodu pridelená výsada, skutočný monopol predpovedania budúcnosti pomocou in - terpretácie nebeských znamení), ale Tabiru ako takého, teda všetky sny všetkých ob - čanov bez výnimky... Pretože interpretácia takého sna, ktorý sa ako zblúdilá iskra do - stane do mozgu jedného z milióna spáčov, môže pomôcť zachrániť krajinu alebo jej suveréna pred pohromou, odvrátiť vojnu, mor alebo priniesť nové myšlienky. Takže Pa - lác snov nie je žiadny vrtoch alebo rozmar – je to jeden z pilierov štátu. Skutočný stav impéria možno vyhodnotiť lepšie práve tu než v prieskumoch, výrokoch alebo správach spracovaných inšpektormi. V nočnej ríši spánku sa nachádza svetlo i tma ľudstva, jeho med i jed, veľkosť i zraniteľnosť. Všetko temné a škodlivé, alebo čo sa takým v priebehu niekoľkých rokov alebo storočí stane, sa najskôr objavuje v ľudských snoch. Každá vá - šeň alebo skazená myšlienka, každé súženie alebo zločin, každá vzbura alebo katas - trofa vrhajú pred seba svoj tieň dlho predtým, ako sa preukážu v skutočnom živote. Práve z tohto dôvodu nariadil Padišáh, aby žiaden sen, ani ten, ktorý sníva Bohom naj - viac zabudnutá bytosť v najodľahlejšom kúte impéria počas najobyčajnejšieho dňa, neunikol skúmaniu v Tabir Sarrail . ... Lebo vieme, že mimo paláca sa nachádzajú sily, ktoré by sa z rôznych dôvodov chceli so svojimi agentmi do Tabir Sarrail infiltrovať tak, aby sa ich plány, myšlienky a názory prezentovali ako nebeské znamenia rozptýlené Alahom medzi spiace ľudské mozgy. Každé ráno (oveľa neskôr, keď Mark-Alem postúpil v hierarchii), ako mu priniesli denný súhrn správ, cítil sa, akoby vo svojich rukách držal predošlú noc miliónov a mi - liónov ľudí. Každý, kto vládol nad temnými zónami ľudských životov, uplatňoval ohromnú moc. Každým ďalším týždňom, ktorý uplynul, si bol toho vedomý viac a viac. z anglického originálu preložil Igor André 90 The Palace of Dreams Judith Vidal Hall In an extraordinary evocation of the state of fear that ruled enver hoxha’s albania, the novelist Ismail Kadare reveals the workings of the dictator’s secret service. a couple of months ago I decided on the spur of the moment to go to albania, that long forbidden and tightly closed country on the edge of the adriatic and within sight of Italy that was clo - sed to the world for so long by the last of the hard-line stalinists, comrade enver hoxha. he died in 1985 and communist rule finally ended in 1991, but the country remains largely unknown to those outside; visitors are few and there is very little written about it in english. I discovered a recently translated biography of hoxha and read it avidly. It is a well-researched and documented account of the evils of the regime and a compelling indictment of its leader. But it told me next to nothing of the country, its history or the impact of the dictator on the largely rural population. for that I had to go elsewhere, to a quite different source. on the basis of the truism that fiction is the lie through which we tell the truth, the novels of albania’s most distinguished wri - ter, Ismail Kadare – surely a nobel Prize winner in the near future – are more revealing of life under the dictator than any of the bo - oks on the subject that have appeared since his death. of his many books, Agamemnon’s Daughter and its sequel , e Succes - sor , vividly convey the methods by which hoxha inculcated a state of fear in the least of his subjects and the strange intimacy of hoxha’s ruthless dealings with his closest comrades and friends. Past and present are permeable states in Kadare’s fiction: a thin, porous membrane is all that separates narratives as they pass back and forth in time and place. legend, fable and history are all en - listed with irony, satire and humour, to portray the state of his country under its arch-dictator. In a land that saw aeneas pass through on his way from Troy and Illyrians fight Greeks and ro - mans for competing empires, there is a rich history to draw on. This is perhaps best seen in The Palace of Dreams , considered by many to be Kadare’s masterpiece, and the book that has made a lasting impression on me as well as best revealing the true nature of what hoxha’s rule meant to albanians. In their closely guarded palace, a vast and secretive hierarchy of bureaucrats mo - nitor the dreams of the population of the ‘United ottoman state’. an entire nation’s hidden consciousness is exposed to its scrutiny 91 JUDITH VIDAL HALL / Ismail Kadare and hapless dreamers subjected to government punishment. It captures the paranoia, the obsession with surveillance and the draconian vengeance of the twentieth century’s most ruthless dictator more tellingly than any history or biography. as it does for the reign of fear created by any government that hopes to reduce a population to unquestioning acceptance of its rule. a new recruit, mark-alem, a young member of an ancient family that has a troubled history with the authorities, arrives at the Palace of Dreams to take up his duties: The fundamental principle of the Tabir Sarrail resides not in being open to outside influences but in remaining closed to them. Not in openness but in isolation. And so, not in recommendation but in its opposite… The task of our Palace of Dreams, which was created by the reigning Sultan, is to classify and examine not the isolated dreams of certain individuals – such as those who in the past were for one reason or another granted the privilege, and who in prac - tice enjoyed the monopoly, of prediction through interpretation of divine omens – but the ‘Tabir’ as a whole: in other words, all the dreams of all citizens without exception. … For the interpretation of that dream, fallen like a stray spark into the brain of one out of millions of sleepers, may help to save the country or its Sovereign from disaster; may help to avert war or plague or to create new ideas. So the Palace of Dreams is no mere whim or fancy; it is one of the pillars of the state. It is here, better than in any surveys, statements, or reports compiled by inspectors, policemen or governors of pashaliks, that the true state of the Empire may be assessed. For in the nocturnal realm of sleep are to be found both the light and the darkness of humanity, its honey and its poison, its greatness and its vulnerability. All that is murky and harmful, or that will become so in a few years or centuries, makes its first appearance in men’s dreams.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Antitotalitarian Allegories of George Orwell and Ismail Kadare – a Comparative Analysis of the Forms of Their Expression
    ISSN 2411-9563 (Print) European Journal of Social Sciences January-April 2015 ISSN 2312-8429 (Online) Education and Research Volume 2, Issue 1 The Antitotalitarian Allegories of George Orwell and Ismail Kadare – A Comparative Analysis of the Forms of their Expression Ervin Xhinaku MA.: English Lecturer, Faculty of Education & Philology, “Fan S. Noli” University, Korçë, Albania. Email: [email protected] Dr. Olsa Pema Lecturer of American History & English Communication, Faculty of Education & Philology, “Fan S. Noli” University, Korçë, Albania. Email: [email protected] Abstract The object of this study is the analytical comparison between the antitotalitarian allegories of George Orwell and Ismail Kadare, with a special focus on the similarities and differences in the forms of their expression. With this overall aim in view, from the rich and varied oeuvre of Kadare we have selected “The Palace of Dreams” and “The Pyramid”, as two of his most representative antitotalitarian novels written in a totalitarian environment, and placed them alongside the antitotalitarian classics of Orwell – “Animal Farm” and “1984”. As the many stylistic and structural differences between these novels tend to fall into a consistent pattern, in order to make sense of them, we have directed our attention beyond the texts themselves into matters related to the context in which they were conceived, the history of their publication and the type of readership to which they were primarily addressed. Our critical examination shows that the novels of Kadare tend to be more structurally complex than those of Orwell, while the exploration of their deep allegorical meaning is follows a less straightforward route than the allegorical probing of “Animal Farm” and “1984”.
    [Show full text]
  • 302 BALKAN IMAGES in the FICTION of ISMAIL KADARE John
    IBAC 2012 vol.2 BALKAN IMAGES IN THE FICTION OF ISMAIL KADARE John NEUBAUER Faculty of Humanities, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. In 2001, the aftermath of the Bosnian and Kosovo wars, Ismail Kadare wrote in an article titled “The Balkans: Truth and Untruths”: The distorted history of the Balkan peoples is one of the veils that prevents knowledge of these peoples, and … fuels the Balkan chaos. This fog of history has been the best ally of the chauvinistic castes in the region, of fierce nationalism and monstrous doctrines (6) According to Kadare, both the Ottoman and the Balkan people have distorted self- perceptions: the Ottomans think they humanized and civilized the Balkan, whereas the Balkan people believe they were martyrs and heroes (7). The heroic Balkan self- image emerged from an embarrassment about cooperation with the Ottomans; Serbia has claimed for itself an exaggerated importance and belittled an allegedly small Albania, which actually supplied Ottoman Grand Viziers. As in the article, such Balkan relations and misconceptions are associated in Kadare’s fiction, with fog and veiling. Fog and mist often appear as features of the Albanian and Balkan landscape, whereas in a figurative sense, they prevent people from recognizing who and where they are. I want to show that the blurring of sight and insight is at the very heart of Kadare’s fiction. In the first part of my talks I discuss portrayals of the relationship between Albanians, Slavs, and the Ottomans; in the second, I focus on the ambiguous power that ancient bards and the famous Albanian Kanun still wield in Kadare’s fiction.
    [Show full text]
  • THE SYMBOLIC FUNCTION of IMPERIAL SIGNS and IMAGES in the LITERARY WORK of ISMAIL KADARE Accepted: 25 July 2019 UDK 821.18.09Kadare, I
    “Umjetnost riječi” LXIII (2019) • 3–4 • Zagreb • July – December RESEARCH PAPER Mariglena M E M I N A J (University “Ismail Qemali” Vlorë, Albania) [email protected] Roland Z I S I (University “Ismail Qemali” Vlorë, Albania) [email protected] THE SYMBOLIC FUNCTION OF IMPERIAL SIGNS AND IMAGES IN THE LITERARY WORK OF ISMAIL KADARE Accepted: 25 July 2019 UDK 821.18.09Kadare, I. The literary work of Ismail Kadare is overloaded with signs, images and what this essay terms “imperial figures.” Imperial figures in our usage of the signs of empires marked upon the past, often continue to resonate in the present. Kadare’s poetry, and even more his prose, overwhelms 231 the reader with structures, symbols, details and imperial subjects. In their entirety, these signs of historical, ideological and cultural character originate from various Roman, Ottoman, fascist and communist sources, and deliberately intrigue reading from the socio-political aspect, which is oriented through allusive, confrontational and propositional mechanisms. Our study analyses the literary functions of imperial signs and images in some of the author’s novels. By assuming that the implication of imperial images and signs in Kadare’s books is a characteristic of his style, we also aim to explore, through the investigation of specific examples, the essence of literary intent and perceptual projection which stems from their frequent use. The paper shows that Kadare draws deeply from culture- embedded values, invoking the reader’s desire to make meaning or interpret signs and images in order to associate his fictionalized imperial signs with his depiction of Albania’s history.
    [Show full text]
  • Broken April, 2010, 224 Pages, Ismail Kadare, 1446414175, 9781446414170, Random House, 2010
    Broken April, 2010, 224 pages, Ismail Kadare, 1446414175, 9781446414170, Random House, 2010 DOWNLOAD http://bit.ly/17ND9Ft http://goo.gl/RDHpu http://www.alibris.co.uk/booksearch?browse=0&keyword=Broken+April&mtype=B&hs.x=19&hs.y=26&hs=Submit From the moment that Gjorg's brother is killed by a neighbour, his own life is forfeit: for the code of Kanun requires Gjorg to kill his brother's murderer and then in turn be hunted down. After shooting his brother's killer, young Gjorg is entitled to thirty days' grace - not enough to see out the month of April. Then a visiting honeymoon couple cross the path of the fugitive. The bride's heart goes out to Gjorg, and even these 'civilised' strangers from the city risk becoming embroiled in the fatal mechanism of vendetta. DOWNLOAD http://fb.me/2NCMJxCux http://bit.ly/1p7fzRn Spring Flowers, Spring Frost A Novel, Ismail Kadare, Dec 13, 2013, Fiction, 192 pages. In a small town at the foot of the northern highlands in Albania, a decade after the fall of the Communist regime, the harsh blood-for-blood law of the fearsome Kanun mountain. The Castle , Ismail Kadare, 2002, Fiction, 259 pages. An English translation of the second work by this well respected author. A story of Albania's struggle against the Ottoman Turks, involving the siege of a medieval Albanian. Agamemnon's Daughter A Novella & Stories, Ismail Kadare, Dec 13, 2013, Fiction, 240 pages. A spellbinding story of a jilted loverГ•s odyssey through a single day as he realizes how the cruelty of dictatorship has conquered his love.
    [Show full text]
  • Possible Reading Through Syntagma of the Novel "Palace of Dreams" by Ismail Kadare
    ISSN 2411-9598 (Print) European Journal of May -August 2021 ISSN 2411-4103 (Online) Language and Literature Studies Volume 7, Issue 2 Possible Reading through Syntagma of the Novel "Palace of Dreams" by Ismail Kadare Dr. Edlira Çerkezi University “Ismail Qemali” Vlorë, Department of Language and Literature Abstract One of the important issues of reading the novel "Palace of Dreams" is his reading, because of the metaphor that Kadare seeks to build with this kind of novel structure, with a very modern fiction, because of the overlap of times not according to events but according to situations, which help to discover Tabir Saraj, because of the movement of some symbols, to understand a kind of code, through which the novel must be understood, then for a complete reason related to time, like a black veil, which does not allow you to see the real face hiding behind it, also due to the absence of some characters, who in a classic romance structure carry or convey lines, situations, their classification and that stratify society . Keywords: Syntagma, Novel, "Palace of Dreams", Ismail Kadare Introduction The "Palace of Dreams" is a difficult "journey" and difficult reading, as it is a conditional report at the time it was written. It is a timeless at a relatively early time and it is a generalizing metaphor, seeking to reveal a reality and a collective relationship, mainly in a labyrinth, where there are many streets, middle, floors, sub- floors, high numberless doors, people without names, except Mark - Alem, a stinking environment, which seems to be quite different from what is outside Tabir Saraj.
    [Show full text]
  • Internal Perspectivism and Empathy in Ismail Kadare's Novels in The
    ACTA UNIVERSITATIS SAPIENTIAE, PHILOLOGICA, 12, 3 (2020) 1–16 DOI: 10 .2478/ausp-2020-0020 Internal Perspectivism and Empathy in Ismail Kadare’s Novels in the Communist and Post-Communist Period Lindita TAHIRI Department of English Language and Literature University of Prishtina (Prishtina, Kosovo) lindita .tahiri@uni-pr .edu Nerimane KAMBERI corresponding author Department of French Language and Literature University of Prishtina (Prishtina, Kosovo) nerimanekamberi8@gmail .com Abstract. This paper compares the literary work of the Albanian writer Ismail Kadare in the communist and post-communist periods, pointing out the stylistic traits that have made his work resistant to the communist rule . In a political context which managed to disfigure literature as a tool of the daily interests of politics, Kadare succeeded in protecting language from an Orwellian absolute repression . During the communist period, Kadare broke out not only of the Albanian political isolation but also of the stylistic limits and literary incapability of Socialist Realism . Yet, scholars such as the eminent Balkan historian Noel Malcolm (1997) have condemned Kadare for opportunistic relation with the regime, and this opinion emerged every time the writer was announced as candidate for the Nobel Prize . The paper argues that Kadare’s narrative style characterized by lack of authoritarianism is the best argument which refutes this condemnation . The stylistic features of his prose are analysed through linguistic indicators such as agency, transitivity, passivation, animacy, free direct and indirect discourse, intensifiers, deictics, thematization, and cohesion. This study points out the internal perspectivism in Kadare’s prose written during the communist period and identifies metafiction and inter-subjective focalization in his post-communist novels .
    [Show full text]
  • The Representation of the Literary Corpus and Figure of Ismail Kadare, the Most Famous Albanian Writer, in the Pages of Spanish Media
    The representation of the literary corpus and figure of Ismail Kadare, the most famous Albanian writer, in the pages of Spanish media. (El País and ABC) Mimoza PUTO University of Tirana, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Department of Spanish, [email protected] ABSTRACT The widely known Albanian writer, Ismail Kadare, is the most important representative of the Albanian literature and culture in Spain. El País and ABC, dedicated to Kadare almost all the articles in total, which are related to cultural news on Albania during two decades, 1990-2010. Usually Kadare appears on both newspapers whenever his books are published or republished in Spanish. Both newspapers consider him as “eternal candidate of the Nobel Prize in Literature”, “a living genius”, “one of the greatest names of the contemporary world literature”, “master of prose”, similar to Kafka and Borges. Kadare´s example shows how an important writer makes known and helps create a profile for his country through the international media. Keywords: Ismail Kadare, literature, Albania, newspaper, El País, ABC 1. INTRODUCTION In this article I will focus on how El País and ABC have handled the literary corpus of Ismail Kadare, the most widely known Albanian writer. I will also report comments by Spanish media on the Albanian writer from the moment he left the country in 1990, just as the communist period was about to end, and afterwards, when he settled in France where he sought the political asylum. Taking into account that El País is a left-wing newspaper, while 50 TURKOPHONE Elvis BRAMO ABC a right-wing one, I will try to identify differences, if any, in the way Spanish newspapers presented the Albanian writer and his literary work.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dream of a 17Th Century Ottoman Intellectual
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sabanci University Research Database THE DREAM OF A 17 TH CENTURY OTTOMAN INTELLECTUAL: VEYS İ AND HIS HABNAME by A. TUNÇ ŞEN Submitted to the Graduate School of Arts and Social Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Sabancı University Spring 2008 THE DREAM OF A 17 TH CENTURY OTTOMAN INTELLECTUAL: VEYS İ AND HIS HABNAME APPROVED BY: Asst. Prof. Y. Hakan Erdem …………………………. (Thesis Supervisor) Asst. Prof. Hülya Canbakal …………………………. Asst. Prof. Hülya Adak …………………………. DATE OF APPROVAL: 06 / 08 / 2008 © A. Tunç Şen, 2008 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT THE DREAM OF A 17 TH CENTURY OTTOMAN INTELLECTUAL: VEYS İ AND HIS HABNAME A.Tunç Şen History, M.A. thesis, Spring 2008 Thesis Supervisor: Y. Hakan Erdem This thesis endeavors to present a literary-historical analysis of a seventeenth century work of prose, Habnâme , which was written by one of the prominent literary figures of his time, Veysî. He was born in Ala şehir in 1561/2, and died in 1628 in Skopje. Having been enrolled in medrese education, he worked as a kadı in various locations in both Anatolia and Rumeli including Ala şehir, Tire, Serez and Skopje. He is, however, better known for his literary abilities, and respected by both contemporary biographers and modern scholars as one of the leading figures of Ottoman ornamental prose. In his Habnâme, Veysî constructs a dream setting, in which the Alexander the Two- Horned has a conversation with Ahmed I regarding Ahmed’s concerns of the abuses in state apparatus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Treatment of Ottoman Empire Period in Ismail Kadare's Literary
    JOURNAL OF SOCIAL EDUCATION AND INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF GJAKOVA "FEHMI AGANI" The Treatment of Ottoman Empire Period in Ismail Kadare’s Literary Work Kamber Kamberi University of Gjakova “Fehmi Agani”, Republic of Kosovo Abstract: The period of the Ottoman Empire is specific for the traces and turns it caused throughout the history of Albanians, other European peoples, and beyond. Given the long stretch of time, with all its specifics, the interest of various intercontinental writers and scholars is great. Therefore, out of this conglomeration of interests and treatments that have been conducted in different times, the contribution and outcomes is diverse, too. However, during the scientific treatment of this historical period, many difficulties have risen, causing perplexities, inaccurate interpretation, one-sided evaluation that are also reflected in literature and other fields of arts and sciences. A masterful, complex and multifaceted treatment of this period is reflected in the literary work of our great writer, Ismail Kadare. The works of this author about this imperial period have been written at different times, but these should not be analyzed in a straight line, according to the years when they were written and published, but rather in a comparative plan with the historical chronology. In treating this as a central theme, it connects the Era of Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg with two other eras, that before the arrival of his era and from the hero’s death until the beginning of the 20th century, with the disintegration of the empire. Ismail Kadare through his literary work consisting of all genres, with artistic and philosophical mastery, breeds his convincing opinion regarding this historical period by giving messages of peace and freedom among people.
    [Show full text]
  • Literary Translation Between Albania and Spaina Cultural Bridge Between Two Countries
    ISSN 2411-9598 (Print) European Journal of May-August 2017 ISSN 2411-4103 (Online) Language and Literature Studies Volume 3 Issue 2 Literary Translation Between Albania and SpainA Cultural Bridge Between Two Countries Flavia Kaba, Ph.D. Department of Spanish Language, Faculty of Foreign Languages, University of Tirana, Albania Abstract The present paper aims to evidence the literary translation as a cultural bridge between the two countries, Albania and Spain. It is a topic which has interests in terms of literary translation because the literary translation Albanian-Spanish and vice versa is a non-treated topic in our country. Literature is a bridge between the two countries and language possesses all the characteristics of culture, because when it is translated it is produced an exchange of linguistic systems. In this paper, we will present chronological data on the number of literary translations in both countries, respectively in Albania and Spain, and we will explain the importance of literary translation as a process that connects cultures, inasmuch as the literary translation aims to transfer literary or artistic experiences of a culture to another culture. Moreover, this paper will provide an overview of the impact of literary translation in both cultures, Albanian and Spanish. Keywords: literary translation, culture values, Albania, Spain. Introduction An overview of Spanish in Albania According to the report of Cervantes Institute of 2016, Spanish language is a native language for more than 472 million people and a second most spoken language in the world after mandarin Chinese.1 Spoken in 21 countries, recently Spanish has become a language which is requested in Albanian schools and universities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Myth of the Totalitarian Leader in George Orwell's 1984 and Ismail
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 6 No 6 S2 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy November 2015 The Myth of the Totalitarian Leader in George Orwell’s 1984 and Ismail Kadare’s The Palace of Dreams Ma. Ervin Xhinaku English Lecturer, “Fan S. Noli” University, Korca, Albania; [email protected] Dr. Olsa Pema English Lecturer, “Fan S. Noli” University, Korca, Albania; [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s2p150 Abstract Kadare’s allegorical anti-totalitarian novels are often compared by literary critics to George Orwell’s classical dystopian satire, 1984. What this often-made but rarely-explored comparison suggests is that there is an essential affinity between the totalitarian world presented in Kadare’s anti-totalitarian novels and the famous nightmarish dystopia of Orwell’s 1984. The express aim of the present study is to isolate one of the key building blocks in Orwell’s and Kadare’s conceptions of the overall structure of totalitarianism – the great leader who stand atop the rigid hierarchy of the totalitarian state – and analyse the role it plays in the totalitarian scheme of things. With this aim in view, we have submitted the character of Big Brother from Orwell’s 1984 to a comparative analysis with the character of the Sultan from Kadare’s most representative anti-totalitarian novel, the allegorical Palace of Dreams. The close textual analysis of the way the two characters artistically function in the respective novels, and of their ideological significance for the totalitarian worlds described in them, shows that they bear a marked resemblance to each-other.
    [Show full text]
  • Ismail Kadere's Idea of Europe
    The European Legacy Toward New Paradigms ISSN: 1084-8770 (Print) 1470-1316 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cele20 Ismail Kadere’s Idea of Europe Marinus Ossewaarde To cite this article: Marinus Ossewaarde (2015) Ismail Kadere’s Idea of Europe, The European Legacy, 20:7, 715-730, DOI: 10.1080/10848770.2015.1065097 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2015.1065097 Published online: 03 Jul 2015. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 32 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=cele20 Download by: [Universiteit Twente] Date: 19 October 2015, At: 07:29 The European Legacy, 2015 Vol. 20, No. 7, 715–730, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2015.1065097 Ismail Kadere’s Idea of Europe MARINUS OSSEWAARDE ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to reconstruct and pinpoint the peculiarities of Ismail Kadare’s idea of Europe. Kadare’s idea of Europe, it is argued, differs from the ideas of Europe embraced or presumed by intellectuals like Paul Vale´ry, Georg Simmel, Danilo Kisˇ,Va´clav Havel, Adam Michnik, or Milan Kundera, or from that of the European Union. For Kadare it is literature rather than the polis or its particular ideology that is the guardian of European values. Thus the European legacy, in his view, is primarily Homeric rather than Socratic. I suggest first that the persecution of writers and the repression of literature in totalitarian regimes underlies Kadare’s idea of Europe.
    [Show full text]