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Brugmansia Arborea

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Brugmansia Arborea Brugmansia arborea Floripondio Ilustración de Brugmansia arborea (originalmenteDatura arborea) Fuente: Flora Peruviana, et Chilensis, vol. 2, plate 128. 1798-1802; autor:José Antonio Pavón y Jiménez (1754-1844) Clasificación científica Reino: Plantae Filo: Magnoliophyta Clase: Magnoliopsida Orden: Solanales Familia: Solanaceae Subfamilia: Solanoideae Tribu: Datureae Género: Brugmansia PERS. Especie: B. arborea Nombre binomial Brugmansia arborea (L.,SP. PL., 1: 179, 1753) SWEET, HORT. SUBURB. LOND. 41, 1818 [editar datos en Wikidata] Flor péndula. Hojas de limbos asimétricos. Brugmansia arborea es una especie del género Brugmansia de la familia Solanaceae. Se encuentra ampliamente distribuida enAmérica del Sur y naturalizada o cultivada en el resto del mundo. Índice [ocultar] 1 Descripción 2 Cultivo y usos o 2.1 Usos rituales 3 Taxonomía o 3.1 Sinonimia o 3.2 Nombre común 4 Referencias 5 Bibliografía 6 Enlaces externos Descripción[editar] Es un arbusto perenne alcanza hasta 5 m de altura, caducifolio, hojas alternas, ovales, con limbos asimétricos en la base; presenta el envés piloso, verde mate; florece de verano a otoño, flores aromáticas, de 3 dm, blancas y que pueden ser de pétalos dobles; son las flores de mayor tamaño entre arbustos de jardín; Cultivo y usos[editar] Se utiliza como planta ornamental. Prefiere la semisombra, hay que evitar el pleno sol, especialmente en clima cálido; sensible al frío, tolera sequía; florece muy bien en clima templado y en sitio caliente y abrigado; exige suelo rico, drenado, fresco y seco en invierno; riegos abundantes y diarios. En maceta se riega abundantemente desde la primavera aportando algo de abono. Se multiplica por semilla y por esqueje semileñoso. Usos rituales[editar] Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada, como revistas especializadas, monografías, prensa diaria o páginas de Internet fidedignas. Este aviso fue puesto el 25 de noviembre de 2011. Puedes añadirlas o avisar al autor principal del artículo en su página de discusión pegando: {{subst:Aviso referencias|Brugmansia arborea}} ~~~~ El consumo ritual de Brugmansia es un importante aspecto del chamanismo en algunos pueblos indígenas del este delAmazonas como los Jíbaros.[cita requerida] Como tal es el componente central de la cosmología y prácticas chamánicas del pueblourarina. Como en el caso de Datura, todas las partes de esta planta son altamente tóxicas. Las semillas, aún más tóxicas que las flores, son utilizadas con más frecuencia por su fácil acceso y la cantidad en la que se presentan (una cápsula puede contener 50 o 100). 5 o 6 semillas son suficientes para causar alucinaciones intensas llegando a provocar escenas de terror o experiencias euforicas y agradables.[cita requerida] La persona no se siente consciente de sus acciones, de lo que escucha o lo que ve a su alrededor. Algunas veces las plantas se ingieren por diversión o en ceremonias chamánicas ya que contiene alcaloides como la escopolamina yatropina, sin embargo dada la variación en la potencia de sus compuestos tóxicos, el grado de intoxicación es impredecible y puede ser fatal. Efectos [cita requerida] Alucinaciones Visión de colores y figuras que no son reales o concretas Sinestesia Delirios persecutorias Distorsión de imágenes Sueño Recuperación de algunos recuerdos perdidos Erecciones prolongadas Taquicardia y arritmias Causa cambios en la personalidad y el estado de ánimo. También se puede llegar a experimentar una sensación de euforia y bienestar, mientras que en algunos casos se tiene una experiencia de terror y miedo. También puede producir midriasis prolongada, incluso por varios días, y sequedad de las mucosas, de nariz y garganta. Su excesivo consumo podría producir problemas de aprendizaje, falta de atención y concentración, entre otros.[cita requerida] Taxonomía[editar] Sinonimia[editar] Brugmansia ×candida Pers. (pro sp.) [aurea × versicolor] Brugmansia arborea auct. non (L.) Steud. Brugmansia candida Pers. Datura candida (Pers.) Saff. Brugmansia cornigera (Hook.) Lagerh. Brugmansia knightii Dunal Datura arborea L. basónimo Datura cornigera Hook. Datura knightii (auct.) Voss Datura speciosa Salisb. Elisia formosissima Milano Pseudodatura arborea Zijp1 2 Nombre común[editar] Árbol de las trompetas, trompetero, huacachaca, floripondio blanco, floripondio, trompeta del juicio, estramonio, estramonios, borrachero, en Centroamérica es también conocida como florifundia, y en Perú desde épocas prehispánicas como campanchú, en Reina de la noche o campanón. .
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