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The Mid-Term Evaluation of Usaid/Pact/Teach Program Report
THE MID-TERM EVALUATION OF USAID/PACT/TEACH PROGRAM REPORT Ethio-Education Consultants (ETEC) Piluel ABE Center - Itang October 2008 Addis Ababa Ethio-Education Consultants (ETEC) P.O. Box 9184 A.A, Tel: 011-515 30 01, 011-515 58 00 Fax (251-1)553 39 29 E-mail: [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Ethio-Education Consultants (ETEC) would like to acknowledge and express its appreciation to USAID/ETHIOPIA for the financial support and guidance provided to carryout the MID-TERM EVALUATION OF USAID/PACT/TEACH PROGRAM, Cooperative Agreement No. 663-A-00-05-00401-00. ETEC would also like to express its appreciation and gratitude: To MoE Department of Educational Planning and those RSEBs that provided information despite their heavy schedule To PACT/TEACH for familiarizing their program of activities and continuous response to any questions asked any time by ETEC consultants To PACT Partners for providing relevant information and data by filling out the questionnaires and forms addressed to them. To WoE staff, facilitators/teachers and members of Center Management Committees (CMCs) for their cooperation to participate in Focus Group Discussion (FDG) ACRONYMS ABEC Alternative Basic Education Center ADA Amhara Development Association ADAA African Development Aid Association AFD Action for Development ANFEAE Adult and Non-Formal Education Association in Ethiopia BES Basic Education Service CMC Center Management Committee CTE College of Teacher Education EDA Emanueal Development Association EFA Education For All EMRDA Ethiopian Muslim's Relief -
Next Stage for Dairy Development in Ethiopia
The NEXT STAGE IN DAIRY DEVELOPMENT FOR ETHIOPIA Dairy Value Chains, End Markets and Food Security Cooperative Agreement 663-A-00-05-00431-00 Submitted by Land O'Lakes, Inc. P.O. Box 3099 code 1250, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia November 2010 2 TABLE OF CONTENT Pages ACRONYMNS…………………………………………………………………………………. 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………... 6 1. OVERVIEW OF THE DAIRY SUB-SECTOR STUDY………………………………….10 1.1. The Role of the Dairy Sub-Sector in the Economy of Ethiopia 1.1.1. Milk Production and its Allocation 1.1.2 Livestock and Milk in the household economy 1.2. The Challenges 1.3. A Value Chain Approach 1.4. The Tasks and the Study Team 2. DEMAND FOR MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS…………………………………….…. 15 2.1. Milk Consumption 2.1.1. Milk and Milk Product Consumption in Urban Areas 2.1.2. Milk and Milk Product Consumption in Rural Areas 2.1.3. Milk and Milk Product Consumption in Pastoral Areas 2.2. Milk Consumption Compared to Other Countries 2.3. Milk’s Role for Food Security and Household Nutrition 2.4. Consumption of Imported Milk Products by Areas and Product Categories – domestic and imported 2.5. Milk Consumption in 2020 2.5.1.. High Estimate 2.5.2. Middle of the Range Estimate 2.5.3. Low Estimate 2.6. Assessment 3. DAIRY PRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..…… 30 3.1. Current Situation 3.2. Milk Production Areas (waiting on the maps) 3.3. Production systems and Milk Sheds (see zonal data in annex 3.3.1. Commercial Production 3.3.2. Peri-Urban and Urban Production 3.3.3. -
Oromia Region Administrative Map(As of 27 March 2013)
ETHIOPIA: Oromia Region Administrative Map (as of 27 March 2013) Amhara Gundo Meskel ! Amuru Dera Kelo ! Agemsa BENISHANGUL ! Jangir Ibantu ! ! Filikilik Hidabu GUMUZ Kiremu ! ! Wara AMHARA Haro ! Obera Jarte Gosha Dire ! ! Abote ! Tsiyon Jars!o ! Ejere Limu Ayana ! Kiremu Alibo ! Jardega Hose Tulu Miki Haro ! ! Kokofe Ababo Mana Mendi ! Gebre ! Gida ! Guracha ! ! Degem AFAR ! Gelila SomHbo oro Abay ! ! Sibu Kiltu Kewo Kere ! Biriti Degem DIRE DAWA Ayana ! ! Fiche Benguwa Chomen Dobi Abuna Ali ! K! ara ! Kuyu Debre Tsige ! Toba Guduru Dedu ! Doro ! ! Achane G/Be!ret Minare Debre ! Mendida Shambu Daleti ! Libanos Weberi Abe Chulute! Jemo ! Abichuna Kombolcha West Limu Hor!o ! Meta Yaya Gota Dongoro Kombolcha Ginde Kachisi Lefo ! Muke Turi Melka Chinaksen ! Gne'a ! N!ejo Fincha!-a Kembolcha R!obi ! Adda Gulele Rafu Jarso ! ! ! Wuchale ! Nopa ! Beret Mekoda Muger ! ! Wellega Nejo ! Goro Kulubi ! ! Funyan Debeka Boji Shikute Berga Jida ! Kombolcha Kober Guto Guduru ! !Duber Water Kersa Haro Jarso ! ! Debra ! ! Bira Gudetu ! Bila Seyo Chobi Kembibit Gutu Che!lenko ! ! Welenkombi Gorfo ! ! Begi Jarso Dirmeji Gida Bila Jimma ! Ketket Mulo ! Kersa Maya Bila Gola ! ! ! Sheno ! Kobo Alem Kondole ! ! Bicho ! Deder Gursum Muklemi Hena Sibu ! Chancho Wenoda ! Mieso Doba Kurfa Maya Beg!i Deboko ! Rare Mida ! Goja Shino Inchini Sululta Aleltu Babile Jimma Mulo ! Meta Guliso Golo Sire Hunde! Deder Chele ! Tobi Lalo ! Mekenejo Bitile ! Kegn Aleltu ! Tulo ! Harawacha ! ! ! ! Rob G! obu Genete ! Ifata Jeldu Lafto Girawa ! Gawo Inango ! Sendafa Mieso Hirna -
Administrative Region, Zone and Woreda Map of Oromia a M Tigray a Afar M H U Amhara a Uz N M
35°0'0"E 40°0'0"E Administrative Region, Zone and Woreda Map of Oromia A m Tigray A Afar m h u Amhara a uz N m Dera u N u u G " / m r B u l t Dire Dawa " r a e 0 g G n Hareri 0 ' r u u Addis Ababa ' n i H a 0 Gambela m s Somali 0 ° b a K Oromia Ü a I ° o A Hidabu 0 u Wara o r a n SNNPR 0 h a b s o a 1 u r Abote r z 1 d Jarte a Jarso a b s a b i m J i i L i b K Jardega e r L S u G i g n o G A a e m e r b r a u / K e t m uyu D b e n i u l u o Abay B M G i Ginde e a r n L e o e D l o Chomen e M K Beret a a Abe r s Chinaksen B H e t h Yaya Abichuna Gne'a r a c Nejo Dongoro t u Kombolcha a o Gulele R W Gudetu Kondole b Jimma Genete ru J u Adda a a Boji Dirmeji a d o Jida Goro Gutu i Jarso t Gu J o Kembibit b a g B d e Berga l Kersa Bila Seyo e i l t S d D e a i l u u r b Gursum G i e M Haro Maya B b u B o Boji Chekorsa a l d Lalo Asabi g Jimma Rare Mida M Aleltu a D G e e i o u e u Kurfa Chele t r i r Mieso m s Kegn r Gobu Seyo Ifata A f o F a S Ayira Guliso e Tulo b u S e G j a e i S n Gawo Kebe h i a r a Bako F o d G a l e i r y E l i Ambo i Chiro Zuria r Wayu e e e i l d Gaji Tibe d lm a a s Diga e Toke n Jimma Horo Zuria s e Dale Wabera n a w Tuka B Haru h e N Gimbichu t Kutaye e Yubdo W B Chwaka C a Goba Koricha a Leka a Gidami Boneya Boshe D M A Dale Sadi l Gemechis J I e Sayo Nole Dulecha lu k Nole Kaba i Tikur Alem o l D Lalo Kile Wama Hagalo o b r Yama Logi Welel Akaki a a a Enchini i Dawo ' b Meko n Gena e U Anchar a Midega Tola h a G Dabo a t t M Babile o Jimma Nunu c W e H l d m i K S i s a Kersana o f Hana Arjo D n Becho A o t -
Ethiopia: Administrative Map (August 2017)
Ethiopia: Administrative map (August 2017) ERITREA National capital P Erob Tahtay Adiyabo Regional capital Gulomekeda Laelay Adiyabo Mereb Leke Ahferom Red Sea Humera Adigrat ! ! Dalul ! Adwa Ganta Afeshum Aksum Saesie Tsaedaemba Shire Indasilase ! Zonal Capital ! North West TigrayTahtay KoraroTahtay Maychew Eastern Tigray Kafta Humera Laelay Maychew Werei Leke TIGRAY Asgede Tsimbila Central Tigray Hawzen Medebay Zana Koneba Naeder Adet Berahile Region boundary Atsbi Wenberta Western Tigray Kelete Awelallo Welkait Kola Temben Tselemti Degua Temben Mekele Zone boundary Tanqua Abergele P Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Tsegede Tselemt Mekele Town Special Enderta Afdera Addi Arekay South East Ab Ala Tsegede Mirab Armacho Beyeda Woreda boundary Debark Erebti SUDAN Hintalo Wejirat Saharti Samre Tach Armacho Abergele Sanja ! Dabat Janamora Megale Bidu Alaje Sahla Addis Ababa Ziquala Maychew ! Wegera Metema Lay Armacho Wag Himra Endamehoni Raya Azebo North Gondar Gonder ! Sekota Teru Afar Chilga Southern Tigray Gonder City Adm. Yalo East Belesa Ofla West Belesa Kurri Dehana Dembia Gonder Zuria Alamata Gaz Gibla Zone 4 (Fantana Rasu ) Elidar Amhara Gelegu Quara ! Takusa Ebenat Gulina Bugna Awra Libo Kemkem Kobo Gidan Lasta Benishangul Gumuz North Wello AFAR Alfa Zone 1(Awsi Rasu) Debre Tabor Ewa ! Fogera Farta Lay Gayint Semera Meket Guba Lafto DPubti DJIBOUTI Jawi South Gondar Dire Dawa Semen Achefer East Esite Chifra Bahir Dar Wadla Delanta Habru Asayita P Tach Gayint ! Bahir Dar City Adm. Aysaita Guba AMHARA Dera Ambasel Debub Achefer Bahirdar Zuria Dawunt Worebabu Gambela Dangura West Esite Gulf of Aden Mecha Adaa'r Mile Pawe Special Simada Thehulederie Kutaber Dangila Yilmana Densa Afambo Mekdela Tenta Awi Dessie Bati Hulet Ej Enese ! Hareri Sayint Dessie City Adm. -
Addis Ababa City Structure Plan
Addis Ababa City Structure Plan DRAFT FINAL SUMMARY REPORT (2017-2027) AACPPO Table of Content Part I Introduction 1-31 1.1 The Addis Ababa City Development Plan (2002-2012) in Retrospect 2 1.2 The National Urban System 1.2 .1 The State of Urbanization and Urban System 4 1.2 .2 The Proposed National Urban System 6 1.3 The New Planning Approach 1.3.1 The Planning Framework 10 1.3.2 The Planning Organization 11 1.3.3 The Legal framework 14 1.4 Governance and Finance 1.4.1 Governance 17 1.4.2 Urban Governance Options and Models 19 1.4.3 Proposal 22 1.4.4 Finance 24 Part II The Structure Plan 32-207 1. Land Use 1.1 Existing Land Use 33 1.2 The Concept 36 1.3 The Proposal 42 2. Centres 2.1 Existing Situation 50 2.2 Hierarchical Organization of Centres 55 2.3 Major Premises and Principles 57 2.4 Proposals 59 2.5 Local development Plans for centres 73 3. Transport and the Road Network 3.1 Existing Situation 79 3.2 New Paradigm for Streets and Mobility 87 3.3 Proposals 89 4. Social Services 4.1 Existing Situation 99 4.2 Major Principles 101 4.3 Proposals 102 i 5. Municipal Services 5.1 Existing Situation 105 5.2 Main Principles and Considerations 107 5.3 Proposals 107 6. Housing 6.1 Housing Demand 110 6.2 Guiding Principles, Goals and Strategies 111 6.3 Housing Typologies and Land Requirement 118 6.4 Housing Finance 120 6.5 Microeconomic Implications 121 6.6 Institutional Arrangement and Regulatory Intervention 122 6.7 Phasing 122 7. -
Aflatoxin Analysis of Dairy Feeds and Milk in the Greater Addis Ababa Milk Shed, Ethiopia
Aflatoxin analysis of dairy feeds and milk in the Greater Addis Ababa milk shed, Ethiopia Dawit Gizachew, Barbara Szonyi, Azage Tegegne, Jean Hanson and Delia Grace Consultative workshop on milk quality Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 25-26 June 2015 Aflatoxins • Toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus fungi • Contaminate a variety of foods such as corn, oil seed and animal feed • One of the most toxic forms of aflatoxin (AFB1) is converted to AFM1 and excreted in milk by lactating animals that consume contaminated feed • Highly carcinogenic; cause liver cancer, stunting and immunosuppression Aspergillus flavus (Maize breeding program at Texas A&M University) Effect of aflatoxins on human health AFB1 is potent carcinogen. It can cause liver cancer Liver of a rat fed with high doses of aflatoxin B1 Notice the induced tumours in the liver (http://www.ansci.cornell.edu) Aflatoxin Regulatory Guidance EU 0.05 ppb 4 ppb Study locations: the greater Addis Ababa milk shed • Includes Addis Ababa, Debre Zeit, Sebeta, Sululta Sendafa and Sululta Sebeta • It serves as a major Debre Zeit supplier in and around Addis Ababa • The sector is commercial and uses concentrate feeding IDDELS (http://www.ideels.uni-bremen.de/highlands.html) Feed analysis of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Study methods • Study participants: • 100 dairy farmers • 27 from Addis Ababa, 23 from Debre Zeit, 9 from Sebeta, 31 from Sendafa and 10 from Sululta • 5 feed producers • 5 feed processors • 9 feed traders • A semi-structured questionnaire -
Metropolitan Agriculture
Metropolitan Agriculture Wuhan and Addis Ababa, two developing metropoles C.J.M. van der Lans1, H. Hengsdijk2, A. Elings1, J.W. van der Schans3, A.J.A. Aarnink4 and M. Yao5 1 Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture 2 Plant Research International 3 LEI 4 Wageningen UR Livestock Research 5 Wageningen UR Office in China Report GTB-1072 © 2011 Wageningen, Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture (Wageningen UR Glastuinbouw) Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture Adress : Violierenweg 1, 2665 MV Bleiswijk : Postbus 20, 2665 ZG Bleiswijk Tel. : 0317 - 48 56 06 Fax : 010 - 522 51 93 E-mail : [email protected] Internet : www.glastuinbouw.wur.nl Inhoudsopgave 1 Management summary 5 2 Metropolitan agriculture 9 2.1 Need of knowledge 9 2.2 Project goals 10 2.3 Project team 10 3 Approach 11 3.1 Metropolitan agriculture – an integrative view 11 3.2 Case study China 13 3.3 Case study Africa 14 4 Focus on China: the metropolitan region of Wuhan 15 4.1 An introduction to metropolis Wuhan 15 4.2 Land use 18 4.3 Agricultural production types and production 19 4.3.1 Agricultural production types 19 4.3.2 Production 21 4.4 Supply chains 21 4.4.1 Supply of inputs 21 4.4.2 Marketing of output 21 4.5 Environment 21 4.6 Government 25 4.7 Social context 27 4.7.1 Employment data 27 4.7.2 Issues regarding agricultural employment, social care and future developments 28 4.7.3 Consumption 29 4.8 Two scenarios for Wuhan 29 4.8.1 Land Use Patterns and Theories to Explain these Patterns 29 4.8.2 Agriculture development in China 31 4.8.3 Competing paradigms in metropolitan -
1. Introduction the Relationship Between Women's Work And
The Effect of Women’s Employment on Marriage Formation: The case of rural women in Sebeta Hawas District, Central Ethiopia. (Aynalem Megersa1, Workneh Negatu2, and Eshetu Gurmu3) 1. Introduction The relationship between women’s work and marriage is a widely studied issue. However, much of the literature focuses on the experiences of women in the western countries (see Kuo & Raley, 2014; Lichter et al., 1992), and is in some cases a comparative cross national research in its nature (Ono, 2003). Case studies from developing countries, especially Sub Saharan Africa, tend to be scanty in the body of literature. This little attention is primarily attributed to the fact that women’s employment in the region is related to subsistence agriculture where women primarily engage in unpaid family work in addition to their homemaking responsibilities. Though this pattern is still a fact, women are increasingly improving their market share in the income-earning employment (self-employment and wage employment) over time. For example, looking at the national statistics for Ethiopia (FDRE, 2005; CSA, 2011b), while only 26.8 percent of women were engaged in income-earning activities in 1994, this figure has increased to 59.6 percent in 2007. The statistics also shows that the increasing trend of women’s participation during the aforementioned period is attributed to the tremendous increase observed in the figure among rural women than urban women. This increasing women’s participation in income earning activities is attributed to the Ethiopian government’s increasing attention on job creation for the citizens in general and women in particular in its effort to alleviate poverty. -
The Legal Aspects of Deforestation Case Study on Finfinne Forest Enterprise
THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF DEFORESTATION CASE STUDY ON FINFINNE FOREST ENTERPRISE By:- Dandena G/Micheal July 2008 Addis Abeba- Ethiopia THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF DEFORESTATION CASE STUDY ON FINFINNE FOREST ENTERPRISE By: - Dandena G/Michael Advisor: - Ms Elise G. Nalbandian Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelors Degree of Law (LLB) at the Faculty of Law St. Mary’s University College. July 2008 Addis Abeba- Ethiopia Acknowledgement In the first place, I thanks to my God who helps me from the starting of the course up to the final of this paper. On the writing of this paper, I would like to thanks Ms Elise G. Nalbandian my thesis advisor, who has been of invaluable to me starting from my thesis proposal to its final. I will never forget her friendly welcome to all my problems despite her hectic programs. On the other hand the time I have been working under her supervision was special for me, because writing this thesis under her guidance was one of the greatest opportunities I ever had. I wish to thank Ato Birhanu Mengesha, for producing necessary documents. Fortunately I wish to thank the employees of Bereh district court, especially Ato Teklu Tullu for producing data of court decisions and necessary documents. I am also thanks Sululta district judges, archives workers, public prosecutor’s office, peasant association leaders and branch managers of Finfinne Forest Enterprise for their welcoming for my interviews. Fast service of the St. Mary’s University College librarians, I would like to thank them for pleasurable support in getting related literatures. -
6. the Interplay of Customary and Formal Legal Systems Among the Tulama Oromo Cooperation and Competition
6. The interplay of customary and formal legal systems among the Tulama Oromo Cooperation and competition Melaku Abera Introduction Prior to their incorporation into the modern Ethiopian state in the 1870s and 1880s, the Oromo had their own customary institutions that dealt with disputes under the framework of the gadaa age and generation system. Following the conquest by Menelik II at the end of the 19th century, the state law and other normative orders were introduced into the Oromo land, which gave rise to plural legal settings for dispute settlement (Mamo 2006). The aim of this paper is to examine the interplay between customary and formal legal systems in dispute settlement at the district and kebele levels in Jidda district, North Shewa, Oromia Regional State.1 There exist numerous studies in Ethiopia on customary law and conflict resolu- tion, and some also tackle the question of how customary and formal law interact in dispute settlement.2 However, most of these works have focused on the posi- 1 Thispaperisbasedmainlyonatotalof12monthsofethnographicfieldworkconductedfrom May 2014 to April 2016 for my PhD dissertation presented to the Department of Social An- thropology, Addis Ababa University, in December 2017. It was conducted in Jidda district of North Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State. Data was collected through participant obser- vation of customary dispute settlement and the formal law. Interviews and FGDs were also held with elders, women, youth, kebele officials and legal practitioners of the formal law. Besides, case studies were employed to reveal the cooperative and problematic aspects of the relationships between the two legal systems. Furthermore, statistical reports of dispute cases found in the formal courts and legal documents were consulted to augment primary methods of data collection. -
Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia June, 2016
GIS And Remote Sensing Based Assessment of the Population Pressure on Land Use/Land Cover Change of Legedadi Catchments Area and Its Impact on the Legedadi Water Reservior, Central Ethiopia Dilnesa Mekonnen Mengstu A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Geography and Environmental Studies (Population, Resources and Development) Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia June, 2016 | P a g e AAU M.A. Thesis GIS and Remote Sensing Based assessment of the Population Pressure on Land Use/Land Cover Change of Legedadi Catchments Area and Its Impact on Legedadi Water Reservoir, Central Ethiopia Dilnesa Mekonnen Mengstu A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Geography and Environmental Studies (Population, Resources and Development) Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia June, 2016 i | P a g e AAU M.A. Thesis Addis Ababa University School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared by Dilnesa Mekonnen entitled GIS and Remote Sensing based assessment of the population pressure on land use/land cover change of Legedadi Catchments Area and its impact on Legedadi water reservoir, Central Ethiopia and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Geography and Environmental Studies, specialization: Population, Resource and Development) complies with the regulations of the university and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. ii | P a g e AAU M.A.