Facilitation in Dragonfly Target Motion Detecting Neurons
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
1 Australian Nature Study Guidebook Volume 4 © Marie Viljoen 2018
1 Australian Nature Study Guidebook Volume 4 © Marie Viljoen 2018 2 Australian Nature Study Guidebook Volume 4 © Marie Viljoen 2018 3 Australian Nature Study Guidebook A Weekly observation of Australian wild life. Spring and Summer Volume Four Marie Viljoen Australian Nature Study Guidebook Volume 4 © Marie Viljoen 2018 4 AUSTRALIAN NATURE STUDY GUIDEBOOK Spring and Summer Volume Four First Published by Marie Viljoen 2018 First Edition 2018 Copyright 2018 Marie Viljoen All rights reserved. www.naturestudyaustralia.com.au Cover & Notebook Pages by Jo Edited by Elizabeth PHOTOCOPYING AND DISTRIBUTION POLICY ©Copyright 2018 by Marie Viljoen. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to the purchaser of this eBook to print or copy for their family’s use only. This material is not to be duplicated or shared in any form outside of your own home. Marie Viljoen. Australian Nature Study Guidebook Volume 4 © Marie Viljoen 2018 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... 7 Welcome .................................................................................................................................................. 8 Starting Out ....................................................................................................................................... 10 Taking the Plunge ....................................................................................................... 17 Spring ................................................................................................................................................... -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata Australian the to Guide Identification
Identification Guide to theAustralian Odonata www.environment.nsw.gov.au Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication data Theischinger, G. (Gunther), 1940– Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata 1. Odonata – Australia. 2. Odonata – Australia – Identification. I. Endersby I. (Ian), 1941- . II. Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW © 2009 Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW Front cover: Petalura gigantea, male (photo R. Tuft) Prepared by: Gunther Theischinger, Waters and Catchments Science, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW and Ian Endersby, 56 Looker Road, Montmorency, Victoria 3094 Published by: Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW 59–61 Goulburn Street Sydney PO Box A290 Sydney South 1232 Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Phone: 131555 (information & publication requests) Fax: (02) 9995 5999 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au The Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW is pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged. ISBN 978 1 74232 475 3 DECCW 2009/730 December 2009 Printed using environmentally sustainable paper. Contents About this guide iv 1 Introduction 1 2 Systematics -
Dragonfliesdragonflies Inin Thethe Wildwild Aroundaround Melbournemelbourne
PhotographingPhotographing andand IdentificationIdentification ofof DragonfliesDragonflies inin thethe WildWild aroundaround MelbourneMelbourne Presentation by Reiner Richter f o r t h e The Field Naturalists Club of Victoria 1 Gardenia St, Blackburn VIC 3130 Wednesday March 16, 2016 8:00 pm – 10:00 pm Notes from the presentation for The Field Naturalists Club of Victoria, March 2016. Reiner Richter http://rnr.id.au Introduction I had always enjoyed photography, had a disposable camera as a child and took photography classes in high school. It wasn't until I got my first digital camera in late 2001 that I started taking lots of photos. I photograph anything in nature that I find interesting, including dragonflies, which is what I'll be covering here. These days I take mostly macro photos. In the beginning I wasn't trying to identify much but after several years came in contact with a few people over the internet that had an interest in Victorian dragonflies in particular and they helped me out. It was good to start in a restricted to a region with limited species rather than, for example, having to sift through more than 300 species found throughout Australia. It however still took me another 5 years before I started confidently being able to identify most of Victoria's 75 or so species. In this presentation I will discuss how I go about chasing them and detail some species found in around Melbourne. Photographing Odonata I almost always take photos free-hand as stalking small animals with a tripod is just too impractical. I also use flash most of the time, except sometimes when the dragonfly is perched in direct sunlight and that is the angle from which I am taking the photo. -
Conservation Advice for the Karst Springs and Associated Alkaline Fens of the Naracoorte Coastal Plain Bioregion
The Threatened Species Scientific Committee provided their advice to the Minister on 31 July 2020. The Minister approved this Conservation Advice on 3 December 2020 and agreed that no recovery plan is required at this time. Conservation Advice1 for the Karst springs and associated alkaline fens of the Naracoorte Coastal Plain Bioregion This document combines the approved conservation advice and listing assessment for the threatened ecological community. It provides a foundation for conservation action and further planning. Karst springs and alkaline fens, Ewen Ponds © Copyright, Anthony Hoffman Conservation Status The Karst springs and associated alkaline fens of the Naracoorte Coastal Bioregion is listed in the Endangered category of the threatened ecological communities list under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The ecological community was assessed by the Threatened Species Scientific Committee, who found it to be eligible for listing as Endangered and recommended that a recovery plan is not required at this time. The Committee’s assessment and recommendations are at Section 6. The Committee’s assessment of the eligibility against each of the listing criteria is: Criterion 1: Vulnerable Criterion 2: Endangered Criterion 3: Insufficient data Criterion 4: Endangered Criterion 5: Insufficient data Criterion 6: Insufficient data The main factors that make the threatened ecological community eligible for listing in the Endangered category are its historic losses to drainage, clearing and resulting fragmentation, and ongoing threats to its integrity and function, particularly from hydrological changes. The Karst springs and associated alkaline fens of the Naracoorte Coastal Plain Bioregion occurs within country (the traditional lands) of the Boandik and the Gunditjmara peoples. -
Overview of the Impacts of Introduced Salmonids on Australian Native Fauna
OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACTS OF INTRODUCED SALMONIDS ON AUSTRALIAN NATIVE FAUNA by P. L. Cadwallader prepared for the Australian Nature Conservation Agency 1996 ~~ AUSTRALIA,,) Overview of the Impacts of Introduced Salmonids on Australian Native Fauna by P L Cadwallader The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Commonwealth Government, the Minister for the Environment or the Director of National Parks and Wildlife. ISBN 0 642 21380 1 Published May 1996 © Copyright The Director of National Parks and Wildlife Australian Nature Conservation Agency GPO Box 636 Canberra ACT 2601 Design and art production by BPD Graphic Associates, Canberra Cover illustration by Karina Hansen McInnes CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 SUMMARY 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 3 1. INTRODUCTION 5 2. SPECIES OF SALMONIDAE IN AUSTRALIA 7 2.1 Brown trout 7 2.2 Rainbow trout 8 2.3 Brook trout 9 2.4 Atlantic salmon 9 2.5 Chinook salmon 10 2.6 Summary of present status of salmonids in Australia 11 3. REVIEW OF STUDIES ON THE IMPACTS OF SALMONIDS 13 3.1 Studies on or relating to distributions of salmonids and native fish 13 Grey (1929) Whitley (1935) Williams (1964) Fish (1966) Frankenberg (1966, 1969) Renowden (1968) Andrews (1976) Knott et at. (1976) Cadwallader (1979) Jackson and Williams (1980) Jackson and Davies (1983) Koehn (1986) Jones et al. (1990) Lintermans and Rutzou (1990) Minns (1990) Sanger and F ulton (1991) Sloane and French (1991) Shirley (1991) Townsend and Growl (1991) Hamr (1992) Ault and White (1994) McIntosh et al. (1994) Other Observations and Comments 3.2 Studies Undertaken During the Invasion of New Areas by Salmonids 21 Tilzey (1976) Raadik (1993) Gloss and Lake (in prep) 3.3 Experimental Introduction study 23 Fletcher (1978) 3.4 Feeding Studies, Including Analysis of Dietary Overlap and Competition, and Predation 25 Introductory Comments Morrissy (1967) Cadwallader (1975) Jackson (1978) Cadwallader and Eden (1981,_ 1982) Sagar and Eldon (1983) Glova (1990) Glova and Sagar (1991) Kusabs and Swales (1991) Crowl et at. -
Agrion Newsletter of the Worldwide Dragonfly Association
AGRION NEWSLETTER OF THE WORLDWIDE DRAGONFLY ASSOCIATION PATRON: Professor Edward O. Wilson FRS, FRSE Volume 16, Number 2 July 2012 Secretary: Sónia Ferreira, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Campus Agrário de Vairão Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal Email: [email protected]. Editors: Keith D.P. Wilson. 18 Chatsworth Road, Brighton, BN1 5DB, UK. Email: [email protected]. Graham T. Reels. H-3-30 Fairview Park, Yuen Long, New Territories, Hong Kong. Email: [email protected]. ISSN 1476-2552 AGRION NEWSLETTER OF THE WORLDWIDE DRAGONFLY ASSOCIATION AGRION is the Worldwide Dragonfly Association’s (WDA’s) newsletter, published twice a year, in January and July. The WDA aims to advance public education and awareness by the promotion of the study and conservation of dragonflies (Odonata) and their natural habitats in all parts of the world. AGRION covers all aspects of WDA’s activities; it communicates facts and knowledge related to the study and conservation of dragonflies and is a forum for news and information exchange for members. AGRION is freely available for downloading from the WDA website at http://ecoevo.uvigo.es/WDA/dragonfly.htm. WDA is a Registered Charity (Not-for-Profit Organization), Charity No. 1066039/0. ______________________________________________________________________________ Editor’s notes Keith Wilson [[email protected]] Conference News The postponed 2011 International Congress of Odonatology, originally scheduled to be held at the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History in Odawara City, Kanagawa, Japan in July-Aug 2011, has been rescheduled for 28 July to 2 August 2012 at the same venue. The 2012 ICO Home Page is at: http://www.odonata.jp/ ico2012/index.html. -
Here Damselflies, on the Other Hand, Look Else in the World
Contents Preface vii Natural History Damselflies and dragonflies in the natural world 1 Habitats of New Zealand damselflies and dragonflies 4 Endemics and more recent arrivals 9 Biology and behaviour 12 Conservation 51 Photographing damselflies and dragonflies 54 Damselflies, dragonflies and communities 56 Species Accounts Blue damselfly Austrolestes colensonis 60 Gossamer damselfly Ischnura aurora 66 Chatham redcoat damselfly Xanthocnemis tuanuii 72 Redcoat damselfly Xanthocnemis zealandica 78 Bush giant dragonfly Uropetala carovei 84 Mountain giant dragonfly Uropetala chiltoni 90 Lancer dragonfly Aeshna brevistyla 96 Baron dragonfly Anax papuensis 102 Dusk dragonfly Antipodochlora braueri 108 Sentry dragonfly Hemicordulia australiae 114 Yellow spotted dragonfly ‘Procordulia’ grayi 120 Ranger dragonfly Procordulia smithii 126 Red percher dragonfly Diplacodes bipunctata 132 Common glider dragonfly Tramea loewii 138 Species Likely to Establish 144 Bibliography 148 Acknowledgements 151 A teneral sentry dragonfly clings to its exuvia while hardening through the night. Preface Dragonflies – if a name should reflect The New Zealand damselfly and character, then dragonflies could not have dragonfly fauna comprises 14 species been better named. Dragons in legends, currently known to breed in the North and mythologies and fairy tales are often South Islands, Stewart Island/Rakiura and pictured as strong, fearsome, merciless the Chatham Islands. Additional species rulers of the air, but are sometimes have been recorded on the Kermadec portrayed as full of wisdom. Dragonflies Islands and others still have arrived have it all: they are strong, dynamic fliers occasionally on New Zealand’s main islands showing no mercy towards mosquitoes but have failed to establish permanent or many other small insects. What about populations. -
Phylogeny of the Higher Libelluloidea (Anisoptera: Odonata): an Exploration of the Most Speciose Superfamily of Dragonflies
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45 (2007) 289–310 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny of the higher Libelluloidea (Anisoptera: Odonata): An exploration of the most speciose superfamily of dragonflies Jessica Ware a,*, Michael May a, Karl Kjer b a Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, 93 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA b Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Received 8 December 2006; revised 8 May 2007; accepted 21 May 2007 Available online 4 July 2007 Abstract Although libelluloid dragonflies are diverse, numerous, and commonly observed and studied, their phylogenetic history is uncertain. Over 150 years of taxonomic study of Libelluloidea Rambur, 1842, beginning with Hagen (1840), [Rambur, M.P., 1842. Neuropteres. Histoire naturelle des Insectes, Paris, pp. 534; Hagen, H., 1840. Synonymia Libellularum Europaearum. Dissertation inaugularis quam consensu et auctoritate gratiosi medicorum ordinis in academia albertina ad summos in medicina et chirurgia honores.] and Selys (1850), [de Selys Longchamps, E., 1850. Revue des Odonates ou Libellules d’Europe [avec la collaboration de H.A. Hagen]. Muquardt, Brux- elles; Leipzig, 1–408.], has failed to produce a consensus about family and subfamily relationships. The present study provides a well- substantiated phylogeny of the Libelluloidea generated from gene fragments of two independent genes, the 16S and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and using models that take into account non-independence of correlated rRNA sites. Ninety-three ingroup taxa and six outgroup taxa were amplified for the 28S fragment; 78 ingroup taxa and five outgroup taxa were amplified for the 16S fragment. -
Port Phillip Naturespot Project Report
Port Phillip NatureSpot Project Report Port Phillip EcoCentre, June 2020 Report prepared for the City of Port Phillip, June 2020 All photographs submitted by citizen scientists through the Port Phillip NatureSpot website. Images of maps and graphs © CrowdSpot 2020 Port Phillip NatureSpot Report Page 1 of 33 Acknowledgements The Port Phillip EcoCentre acknowledges the Boon Wurrung People of the Kulin Nation, the Traditional Owners of the land in which this project took place. We pay our respects to Elders past, present and emerging, and acknowledge that sovereignty was never ceded. We are grateful for the First People’s continuous sharing of living cultures, connections to Country and our local biodiversity. We would like to thank all citizen scientists who contributed biodiversity data to the NatureSpot project, intern Minh Do for assisting species identification, local naturalists for their expertise, and photographers Adam and Ron in particular for beautiful photos of colourful insect life and birds. The EcoCentre recognises significant cooperative adaptations to facilitate citizen science during a year with extraordinary weather and public health risks -- in particular we thank the patience and innovations of Reiko Yamada, Renae Walton, Neil Blake, Ben Francischelli, and Josh Solomonsz. The NatureSpot project was a collaboration between the Port Phillip EcoCentre and CrowdSpot, delivered for the City of Port Phillip between November 2019 and June 2020. The project was funded through the Department of Environment Land Water and Planning (DELWP) Caring for Our Local Environment grant program. A welcome garden pollinator, this Hover fly is collecting nectar from Correa alba, a native shrub that provides shelter and food to local birds and insects. -
Odonata of the Cambodian Coastal Regions Revisited: Beginning of Dry Season in 2010
International Dragonfly Fund - Report 40 (2011): 1-108 1 Odonata of the Cambodian coastal regions revisited: beginning of dry season in 2010 Oleg E. Kosterin* *Institute of Cytology & Genetics SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentyev ave. 10, Novo- sibirsk, 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Results of the odonatological survey of the coastal SW regions of Cambodia on No- vember 28 - December 11, 2001, are presented, including field notes, enumeration of all records by locality, discussion of interesting specimens and their taxonomy and of seasonality aspects. Fifteen (14 named) species have been added to the known fauna of Cambodia: Aristocypha fenestrella (Rambur, 1842), Rhinagrion viridatum Fraser, 1938, Lestes elatus Hagen in Selys, 1862, L. platystylus Rambur, 1842, Aci- agrion tillyardi Laidlaw, 1919, Agriocnemis f. femina (Brauer, 1868), Archibasis viola Lieftinck, Ceriagrion calamineum Laidlaw, 1951, Mortonagrion aborense (Laidlaw, 1914), M. falcatum Lieftinck, 1934, Pseudagrion microcephalum (Rambur, 1842), 1948, Paragomphus capricornis (Förster, 1914), Hemicordulia undescr. spec., Macro- diplax cora (Brauer, 1867), Nannophya pygmaea Rambur, 1842, plus a provisionally identified Ceriagrion indochinense Asahina, 1976. The country list now achieves 106 named species (not counting Prodasineura verticalis sensu Asahina, 1983, C. indo- chinense and Hemicordulia sp.). Coeliccia megumii Asahina, 1984 is synonymised with C. kazukoae Asahina, 1984. The differences between Ceriagrion olivaceum Laid- law, 1914 and C. calamineum Lieftinck, 1951 are discussed. Introduction In April 2010, I studied the Cardamon foothills in SW Cambodia for their Odonata (Kosterin 2010). The photos of this trip are now available at http://asia-dragonfly.net and at my site at http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/odonata/cambodia.htm. -
Focusing on the Landscape a Report for Caring for Our Country
Focusing on the Landscape Biodiversity in Australia’s National Reserve System Part A: Fauna A Report for Caring for Our Country Prepared by Industry and Investment, New South Wales Forest Science Centre, Forest & Rangeland Ecosystems. PO Box 100, Beecroft NSW 2119 Australia. 1 Table of Contents Figures.......................................................................................................................................2 Tables........................................................................................................................................2 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................5 Introduction...............................................................................................................................8 Methods.....................................................................................................................................9 Results and Discussion ...........................................................................................................14 References.............................................................................................................................194 Appendix 1 Vertebrate summary .........................................................................................196 Appendix 2 Invertebrate summary.......................................................................................197 Figures Figure 1. Location of protected areas