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Handbok07.Pdf
- . - - - . -. � ..;/, AGE MILL.YEAR$ ;YE basalt �- OUATERNARY votcanoes CENOZOIC \....t TERTIARY ·· basalt/// 65 CRETACEOUS -� 145 MESOZOIC JURASSIC " 210 � TRIAS SIC 245 " PERMIAN 290 CARBONIFEROUS /I/ Å 360 \....t DEVONIAN � PALEOZOIC � 410 SILURIAN 440 /I/ ranite � ORDOVICIAN T 510 z CAM BRIAN � w :::;: 570 w UPPER (J) PROTEROZOIC � c( " 1000 Ill /// PRECAMBRIAN MIDDLE AND LOWER PROTEROZOIC I /// 2500 ARCHEAN /(/folding \....tfaulting x metamorphism '- subduction POLARHÅNDBOK NO. 7 AUDUN HJELLE GEOLOGY.OF SVALBARD OSLO 1993 Photographs contributed by the following: Dallmann, Winfried: Figs. 12, 21, 24, 25, 31, 33, 35, 48 Heintz, Natascha: Figs. 15, 59 Hisdal, Vidar: Figs. 40, 42, 47, 49 Hjelle, Audun: Figs. 3, 10, 11, 18 , 23, 28, 29, 30, 32, 36, 43, 45, 46, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75 Larsen, Geir B.: Fig. 70 Lytskjold, Bjørn: Fig. 38 Nøttvedt, Arvid: Fig. 34 Paleontologisk Museum, Oslo: Figs. 5, 9 Salvigsen, Otto: Figs. 13, 59 Skogen, Erik: Fig. 39 Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani (SNSK): Fig. 26 © Norsk Polarinstitutt, Middelthuns gate 29, 0301 Oslo English translation: Richard Binns Editor of text and illustrations: Annemor Brekke Graphic design: Vidar Grimshei Omslagsfoto: Erik Skogen Graphic production: Grimshei Grafiske, Lørenskog ISBN 82-7666-057-6 Printed September 1993 CONTENTS PREFACE ............................................6 The Kongsfjorden area ....... ..........97 Smeerenburgfjorden - Magdalene- INTRODUCTION ..... .. .... ....... ........ ....6 fjorden - Liefdefjorden................ 109 Woodfjorden - Bockfjorden........ 116 THE GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION OF SVALBARD .... ........... ....... .......... ..9 NORTHEASTERN SPITSBERGEN AND NORDAUSTLANDET ........... 123 SVALBARD, PART OF THE Ny Friesland and Olav V Land .. .123 NORTHERN POLAR REGION ...... ... 11 Nordaustlandet and the neigh- bouring islands........................... 126 WHA T TOOK PLACE IN SVALBARD - WHEN? .... -
Erik the Red's Land
In May this year, a Briton named Alex Hartley gamely claimed as his personal territory a tiny island in Sval- bard that had been revealed by retreating ice. Sval bard’s islands have a long history of claims and counter-claims by adventurers of diverse nations: the question of who owns the Arctic is an old one. In this next article in our unreviewed biographical/historical series, Frode Skarstein describes Norway’s bid to wrest a corner of Greenland from the Danish crown 75 years ago. Erik the Red’s Land: the land that never was Frode Skarstein Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Environmental Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway, [email protected]. “Saturday, 27th of June, 1931. Eventful day. A long coded telegram late last night that I deciphered during the night. At fi ve pm we hoisted the fl ag and occupied the land from Calsbergfjord to Besselsfjord. It will be exciting to see how it develops.” (Devold 1931: author’s translation.) Although not as pithy as the Unity’s log entry from 1616—“Cape Hoorn in 57° 48' S. Rounded 8 p.m.”—when the southern tip of the Americas was fi rst rounded (Hough 1971), the above diary entry by Hallvard Devold is still a salient understatement given the context in which it was made. The next day Devold sent the following telegram to a select few Norwegian newspapers: “In the presence of Eiliv Herdal, Tor Halle, Ingvald Strøm and Søren Rich- ter, the Norwegian fl ag has been hoisted today in Myggbukta. And the land between Carls berg fjord to the south and Bessel fjord to the north occupied in His Pawns in their game: Devold (left) and fellow expe di tion mem bers during the Majesty King Haakon’s name. -
The Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition
Institutt for arkeologi, historie, religionsvitenskap og teologi (AHR) The Norwegian -British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition Science and politics — Christel Misund Domaas Master thesis in History HIS-3900 – May 2019 Acknowledgements A long journey has (finally) come to an end… When I started this project in 2010, there was no doubt that the topic of my thesis would be related to the Antarctic. Because there is something with that large, icy continent that sticks with you in a certain way. Not just the smell in your nose after visiting a penguin colony… but a feeling of insignificance, and yet momentousness, when looking out from your tent onto Windless Bight and Mount Erebus. I have met obstacles along the way, and I’ve strayed off course. I’ve experienced white-outs, both in Antarctica and in my mind. This project was put on hold for several years but was always lurking in the back of my mind. Luckily, I’ve had help to steer me back on track. Thank you to my supervisors. Einar-Arne Drivenes, for your lectures on polar history that further inspired this thesis, and Stian Bones for your guidance and help in finding the strength to finish. To the institute (AHR) at UiT Norges arkitske universitet, thank you for the scholarship and for not giving up on me. To Hana at UB for help with the maps, and Ann Kristin and Ivar at NPI for enduring all my enquiries. Tromsø Akademiske Kvinnekor – TAKk, without you I would not be finished! The joy you bring exceeds the hard work, and you are all truly amazing! A prettier bouquet of people is hard to find. -
Norwegian Arctic Expansionism, Victoria Island (Russia) and the Bratvaag Expedition IAN GJERTZ1 and BERIT MØRKVED2
ARCTIC VOL. 51, NO. 4 (DECEMBER 1998) P. 330– 335 Norwegian Arctic Expansionism, Victoria Island (Russia) and the Bratvaag Expedition IAN GJERTZ1 and BERIT MØRKVED2 (Received 6 October 1997; accepted in revised form 22 March 1998) ABSTRACT. Victoria Island (Ostrov Viktoriya in Russian) is the westernmost island of the Russian Arctic. The legal status of this island and neighbouring Franz Josef Land was unclear in 1929 and 1930. At that time Norwegian interests attempted, through a secret campaign, to annex Victoria Island and gain a foothold on parts of Franz Josef Land. We describe the events leading up to the Norwegian annexation, which was later abandoned for political reasons. Key words: Franz Josef Land, Victoria Island, Norwegian claim, acquisition of sovereignty RÉSUMÉ. L’île Victoria (en russe Ostrov Viktoriya) est l’île la plus occidentale de l’Arctique russe. En 1929 et 1930, le statut légal de cette île et de l’archipel François-Joseph voisin n’était pas bien défini. À cette époque, les intérêts norvégiens tentaient, par le biais d’une campagne secrète, d’annexer l’île Victoria et d’établir une emprise sur des zones de l’archipel François- Joseph. On décrit les événements menant à l’annexion norvégienne, annexion qui fut délaissée par la suite pour des raisons politiques. Mots clés: archipel François-Joseph, île Victoria, revendication norvégienne, acquisition de la souveraineté Traduit pour la revue Arctic par Nésida Loyer. INTRODUCTION One of the bases for claiming these polar areas was that Norwegians either had discovered them or had vital eco- Norway has a long tradition in Arctic exploration, fishing, nomic interests in them as the most important commercial sealing, and hunting. -
University of Groningen Frozen Assets Kruse, Frigga
University of Groningen Frozen assets Kruse, Frigga IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2013 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Kruse, F. (2013). Frozen assets: British mining exploration, and geopolitics on Spitsbergen, 1904-53. [S.n.]. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne- amendment. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 06-10-2021 Frozen Assets: British mining, exploration, and geopolitics on Spitsbergen, 1904-53 Circumpolar Studies Volume 9 Circumpolar Studies is a series on Dutch research in the Polar Regions published by the Arctic Centre of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. -
Nasjonsrelaterte Stedsnavn På Svalbard Hvilke Nasjoner Har Satt Flest Spor Etter Seg? NOR-3920
Nasjonsrelaterte stedsnavn på Svalbard Hvilke nasjoner har satt flest spor etter seg? NOR-3920 Oddvar M. Ulvang Mastergradsoppgave i nordisk språkvitenskap Fakultet for humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og lærerutdanning Institutt for språkvitenskap Universitetet i Tromsø Høsten 2012 Forord I mitt tidligere liv tilbragte jeg to år som radiotelegrafist (1964-66) og ett år som stasjonssjef (1975-76) ved Isfjord Radio1 på Kapp Linné. Dette er nok bakgrunnen for at jeg valgte å skrive en masteroppgave om stedsnavn på Svalbard. Seks delemner har utgjort halve mastergradsstudiet, og noen av disse førte meg tilbake til arktiske strøk. En semesteroppgave omhandlet Norske skipsnavn2, der noen av navna var av polarskuter. En annen omhandlet Språkmøte på Svalbard3, en sosiolingvistisk studie fra Longyearbyen. Den førte meg tilbake til øygruppen, om ikke fysisk så i hvert fall mentalt. Det samme har denne masteroppgaven gjort. Jeg har også vært student ved Universitetet i Tromsø tidligere. Jeg tok min cand. philol.-grad ved Institutt for historie høsten 2000 med hovedfagsoppgaven Telekommunikasjoner på Spitsbergen 1911-1935. Jeg vil takke veilederen min, professor Gulbrand Alhaug for den flotte oppfølgingen gjennom hele prosessen med denne masteroppgaven om stedsnavn på Svalbard. Han var også min foreleser og veileder da jeg tok mellomfagstillegget i nordisk språk med oppgaven Frå Amarius til Pardis. Manns- og kvinnenavn i Alstahaug og Stamnes 1850-1900.4 Jeg takker også alle andre som på en eller annen måte har hjulpet meg i denne prosessen. Dette gjelder bl.a. Norsk Polarinstitutt, som velvillig lot meg bruke deres database med stedsnavn på Svalbard, men ikke minst vil jeg takke min kjære Anne-Marie for hennes tålmodighet gjennom hele prosessen. -
World Climate Research Programme
INTERNATIONAL INTERGOVERNMENTAL WORLD COUNCIL FOR OCEANOGRAPHIC METEOROLOGICAL SCIENCE COMMISSION ORGANIZATION World Climate Research Programme ARCTIC CLIMATE SYSTEM STUDY ACSYS HISTORICAL ICE CHART ARCHIVE (1553 – 2002) Tromsø, Norway January 2003 IACPO Informal Report No. 8 ACSYS Historical Ice Chart Archive Terje Brinck Løyning, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway Chad Dick, International ACSYS/CliC Project Office, Tromsø, Norway Harvey Goodwin, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway Olga Pavlova, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway Torgny Vinje, Norwegian Polar Institute (retired), Oslo, Norway Geir Kjærnli, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway Tordis Villinger, International ACSYS/CliC Project Office, Tromsø, Norway NB: Quality control efforts are described within the text of this report. Errors may still be present in the data set. Please report any errors found to the International ACSYS/CliC Project Office, in order that the data set may be corrected and updated. Copies of this report and CD ROMs can be obtained from: The International ACSYS/CliC Project Office http://acsys.npolar.no and http://clic.npolar.no Norwegian Polar Institute [email protected] or [email protected] The Polar Environmental Centre NO-9296 Tromsø Tel: +47 77 75 01 50 / Fax: +47 77 75 05 01 Norway The International ACSYS/CliC Project Office (IACPO), the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the Norwegian Polar Institute, and the Norwegian Meteorological Institute, supported production of this report and the accompanying CD-ROMs. It forms part -
Skrifter Om Svalbard Og Ishavet
DET KONGELIGE DEPARTEMENT FOR HANDEL, SJØFART, INDUSTRI, HANDVERK OG FISKERI NORGES SVALBARD- OG ISHAVS-UNDERSØKELSER �LEDER: ADOLF HOEL SKRIFTER OM SVALBARD OG ISHAVET Nr. 54 HROAR VARTDAL BIBLIOGRAPHIE DES OUVRAGES NORVEGlENS RELATIFS AU GRæNLAND (Y COMPRIS LES OUVRAGES ISLANDAIS ANTERIEURS A L'AN 1814) -�.--- OSLO I KO MMISJON HOS JACOB DYBWAD 1935 RESULTS OF THE NORWEGIAN EXPEDITIONS TO SVALBARD 1906-1926 PUBLISHED IN OTHER SERIES (See Nr. 1 of this series.) The resuIts of the P r i n c e of Mon a c o's expeditions (Mission I s a c h se n) in 1906 and 1907 were published under the title of 'E x P 1 o rat i on d u Nord -O u est duS P i t s ber g en tre p rise s o u sle s a u s P i c e s deS. A.S. I eP r i n c e d e ,Yl o n a c o p ar 1 a M issi o n {s achsen',' in Resultats des Campagn es scientif iques, Albert ler, Prince de Monaco, Fase. XL-X LIV. Monaco. ISACHSEN, GUNNAR, Premiere Partie. Recit de voyage. Fase. XL. 1912. Fr. 120.00. With map: Spitsberg (Cote Nord-Ouest). Scale l: 100 000. (2 sheets.) Charts: De la Partie Nord du Foreland a la Baie Magdalena, and Mouillages de la Cote Ouest duSpitsberg. ISACHSEN, GUNNAR et ADOLF HOEL, Deuxieme Partie. Description du champ d'operation. Fase. XLI. 1913. Fr. 80.00. HOEL, ADOLF, TroisiemePartie. Geologie. Fase. XLII. 1914. Fr. 100.00. -
The Case Quisling
The Case Quisling By Arnold Raestad 1942 2 Content Preface 3 1. Formative years 4 2. Russia 18 3. Preparing for politics 41 4. Back in Norway and Political Messiah 50 5. Minister of the Crown 60 6. Quislingism 67 7. The Party of National Unity 75 8. Traitor’s progress 86 9. The Consummation 94 3 Preface The world you live is an odd one when one day you find that you have written a book about a person who does not interest you in the least, and that you publish it without being able to acknowledge your indebtedness to a lot of kind people who helped you with material and advice. The only valid reason for writing a book about Quisling, especially when you are a compatriot of his, is that you feel some contemporaries deserving your attention would like you, in the absence of anyone better to shed some light on the master episode of an age of political bewilderment. The Quislings of many countries present light shed on the life and career of Vidkun Quisling. The nature of the procedures by which a home Nazi party is created and kept alive in a fundamentally democratic country, varies with the time and with the place, but the study of such procedures may profit from a knowledge of what happened in Norway. I have formed no conclusion as the political lessons to be drawn from the activities of Quisling. My self-allotted case has been to provide the reader, who may want them for his enlightenment, some new facts. -
Handbok08.Pdf
FRANZ JOSEF LAND 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO 90 191> km © NORSK POLARINSTITUTT 1995 Hatle 1s\ • Capo 50• --r---~o· <> /Junonr Is. POLARHÅNDBOK No. 8 FRANZ JOSEF LAND EDITOR: SUSAN BA RR NORSK UNIVERSITY OF POLARINSTITUTT SALZBURG, AUSTRIA OSLO 1995 Photographs have kindly been contributed by the following: Trygve Aas Susan Barr Ch. Hobenreich Wojciech Moskai !rena Safronova Heinz Slupetzky Heinz Zwettler Historical photographs from the are hives of the Norwegian Polar Institute and Austrian archives and museums. Aids to pronounciation Cand c = correspond to English 'ch' Sands= correspond to English 'sh' ©Norsk Polarinstitutt, Middelthuns gate 29, 0301 Oslo Technical editor: Annemor Brekke Graphic design: Vidar Grimshei Cover photo: Heinz Slupetzky Graphic production: Grimshei Grafiske, Lørenskog ISBN 82-7666-095-9 Printed June 1995 2 CONTENTS Foreword "............. " ......... " .......... " ...... " .................... "....... "................... 5 Geographical position and general characteristics of the Franz Josef Land archipelago ".... "." .... "... " ".. " ... " .............. "..... ".".... 8 Climate ..." ....... " .... "............................. "...... "............ " ....... "...... "........... 11 Glaciers ..........."." ........................ "..... " ... "... "." ........ "............... "...... "... 15 Geology ............." .......................................... ".......... "............................ 22 Freshwater systems ..."....................................................... .... ... ............ -
Å Gjenerobre Gammelt Norsk Land
Å gjenerobre gammelt norsk land Norsk ekspansiv nasjonalisme i Grønlandssaken og Nasjonal Samlings Austrveg-prosjekt Kirsti Laura W. Langsholdt Masteroppgave i historie Institutt for arkeologi, konservering og historie Det humanistiske fakultet UNIVERSITETET I OSLO Høsten 2016 II Å gjenerobre gammelt norsk land Norsk ekspansiv nasjonalisme i Grønlandssaken og Nasjonal Samlings Austrveg-prosjekt Kirsti Laura W. Langsholdt Masteroppgave i historie Institutt for arkeologi, konservering og historie Det humanistiske fakultet UNIVERSITETET I OSLO Høsten 2016 III © Kirsti Laura W. Langsholdt 2016 Å gjenerobre gammelt norsk land - Norsk ekspansiv nasjonalisme i Grønlandssaken og Nasjonal Samlings Austrveg-prosjekt Kirsti Laura W. Langsholdt http://www.duo.uio.no/ Trykk: CopyCat AS IV Forord Det har vært en lang og utfordrende prosess å skrive denne oppgaven. Men først og fremst har det vært spennende å gjøre et dypdykk i norsk imperialistisk tenkning. Jeg vil gjerne takke min veileder Terje Emberland for hjelpsom og konstruktiv veiledning. Jeg vil også takke venner og familie for oppmuntring og støtte. Sist, men ikke minst, er jeg evig takknemlig for Vegards uvurderlige hjelp som tålmodig motivator og korrekturleser. Kirsti Laura W. Langsholdt Oslo, november 2016 V VI Innholdsfortegnelse Forord ............................................................................................................................................................ V Forkortelser .................................................................................................................................................. -
Norway and Past International Polar Years—A Historical Account Stian Bones
Bones HISTORICAL/BIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY Norway and past International Polar Years—a historical account Stian Bones Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Environmental Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway. Keywords Surveying Norway’s role in past International Polar Years (IPYs), this essay by historian International Polar Year; International Stian Bones contributes to a broader understanding of Norway as a “polar nation”. He Geophysical Year; Norwegian history; describes the strengths of Norway’s scientific traditions in the polar regions, and exam- history of science. ines the varying motivations driving Norwegian involvement in the first three IPYs: Correspondence 1882–83, 1932–33 and 1957–58 (also known as the International Geophysical Year). Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar —The editor Environmental Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway. E-mail: [email protected] doi:10.1111/j.1751-8369.2007.00029.x The first International Polar Year (IPY) lasted from 1 Au- tunately, because of the war in south-eastern Europe, the gust 1882 to 31 August 1883. Twelve nations participated Congress was not able to assemble in Rome until the in this groundbreaking international cooperative project, spring of 1879. establishing 14 research stations: 12 in the Arctic and two Serving the International Meteorological Congress was in the Southern Hemisphere (the Danish research vessel a permanent committee, or secretariat, which prepared the Dijmphna can be counted as an additional station). the cases to be considered by the Congress and followed The roots of this huge scientific endeavour are to be up the resolutions that were passed. Among those seated found in 1875, when the Austro-Hungarian Polar Expe- in the permanent committee was the leading Norwegian dition (1872–74) returned home after having, among geophysicist Henrik Mohn, director of the Norwegian other achievements, officially discovered Franz Josef Meteorological Institute (Det Norske Meteorologiske Land (Payer 1876).