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La Compétitivité Urbaine À L'ère De La Nouvelle Économie

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La Compétitivité Urbaine À L'ère De La Nouvelle Économie © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés PRESSES DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC Le Delta I, 2875, boulevard Laurier, bureau 450 Québec (Québec) G1V 2M2 Téléphone : (418) 657-4399 • Télécopieur : (418) 657-2096 Courriel : [email protected] • Internet : www.puq.ca Diffusion / Distribution : CANADA et autres pays Distribution de livres Univers s.e.n.c. 845, rue Marie-Victorin, Saint-Nicolas (Québec) G7A 3S8 Téléphone : (418) 831-7474 / 1-800-859-7474 • Télécopieur : (418) 831-4021 FRANCE BELGIQUE SUISSE AFPU-Diffusion Patrimoine SPRL Servidis SA Sodis 168, rue du Noyer 5, rue des Chaudronniers, 1030 Bruxelles CH-1211 Genève 3 Belgique Suisse La Loi sur le droit d’auteur interdit la reproduction des œuvres sans autorisation des titulaires de droits. Or, la photocopie non autorisée – le « photocopillage » – s’est généralisée, provoquant une baisse des ventes de livres et compromettant la rédaction et la production de nouveaux ouvrages par des professionnels. L’objet du logo apparaissant ci-contre est d’alerter le lecteur sur la menace que représente pour l’avenir de l’écrit le développement massif du « photocopillage ». © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Sous la direction de Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay et Rémy Tremblay 2006 Presses de l’Université du Québec Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bur. 450 Québec (Québec) Canada G1V 2M2 © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Catalogage avant publication de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada Vedette principale au titre : La compétitivité urbaine à l'ère de la nouvelle économie : enjeux et défis Textes présentés lors d'un colloque organisé par l’Association d’économie politique et tenu à l’Université du Québec à Montréal du 9 au 11 nov. 2005. Comprend des réf. bibliogr. Textes en français et en anglais. ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 1. Économie urbaine – Congrès. 2. Économie du savoir – Congrès. 3. Villes - Croissance – Congrès. 4. Grappes industrielles – Congrès. 5. Compétitivité (Économie) – Congrès. 6. Économie urbaine – Cas, Études de – Congrès. I. Tremblay, Diane-Gabrielle. II. Tremblay, Rémy, 1966- . III. Association d'économie politique. HT321.C628 2006 330.9173'2 C2006-941555-2F Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Main entry under title : La compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie : enjeux et défis Papers presented at a conference organized by the Association d’économie politique and held at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Nov. 9-11, 2005. Includes bibliographical references. Text in French and English. ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 1. Urban economics – Congresses. 2. Cities and towns – Growth – Congresses. 3. Industrial clusters – Congresses. 4. Competition – Congresses. 5. Urban economics – Case studies – Congresses. I. Tremblay, Diane-Gabrielle. II. Tremblay, Rémy, 1966- . III. Association d'économie politique. HT321.C628 2006 330.9173'2 C2006-941555-2E Nous reconnaissons l’aide financière du gouvernement du Canada par l’entremise du Programme d’aide au développement de l’industrie de l’édition (PADIE) pour nos activités d’édition. La publication de cet ouvrage a été rendue possible grâce à l’aide financière de la Société de développement des entreprises culturelles (SODEC). Mise en pages : Presses de l’Université du Québec Couverture : Richard Hodgson 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 PUQ 2006 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés © 2006 Presses de l’Université du Québec Dépôt légal – 4e trimestre 2006 Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec / Bibliothèque et Archives Canada Imprimé au Canada © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Remerciements Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay et Rémy Tremblay Nous voulons remercier la Chaire Bell en technologies et organisation du travail <www.teluq.uqam.ca/chairebell>, le Centre de recherche sur les inno- vations sociales (CRISES-UQAM), ainsi que la Télé-université de l’UQAM, qui ont tous soutenu financièrement l’organisation du colloque qui a permis de produire cet ouvrage. La sélection des textes et la réalisation de l’ouvrage ont été rendues possibles grâce à la contribution de la Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les enjeux socio-organisationnels de l’économie du savoir <www. teluq.uquebec.ca/chaireecosavoir>. Nous voulons remercier Louise Forget et David Rolland qui ont collaboré à l’édition de l’ouvrage. © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec © 2006 – Presses de l’Université du Québec Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Édifice Le Delta I, 2875, boul. Laurier, bureau 450, Québec, Québec G1V 2M2 • Tél. : (418) 657-4399 – www.puq.ca Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), Tiré de : Compétitivité urbaine à l’ère de la nouvelle économie, D.-G. Tremblay et R. Tremblay (dir.), ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N ISBN 2-7605-1460-9 • G1460N Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Tous droits de reproduction, de traduction et d’adaptation réservés Introduction Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay et Rémy Tremblay L’économie du savoir a grandement transformé les approches traditionnelles, ou fordistes, de développement économique. Les tenants de la théorie de l’économie du savoir considèrent que le « savoir » aurait remplacé les ressources naturelles et le travail physique comme outils de croissance économique. Dorénavant, l’économie du savoir se présenterait sous la forme d’un inventaire de traits caractérisant la période actuelle, appelée nouvelle économie, l’économie du savoir ou économie digitale, qui se serait ouverte au cours de la décennie 1990 (Warf, 2001).
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