Bibliography on Medicine and

Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Articles 1. Abbott A. Max Planck Society admits to its predecessor's Nazi links. Nature. 2001 Jun 14;411(6839):726. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11460097 2. Bachrach S. Deadly medicine. Public Hist. 2007 Summer;29(3):19-32. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18175449 3. Barilan YM. Medicine through the artist's eyes: before, during, and after the Holocaust. Perspect Biol Med. 2004 Winter;47(1):110-34. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 4. Barondess JA. Care of the medical ethos, with some comments on research: reflections after the holocaust. Perspect Biol Med. 2000 Spring;43(3):308-24. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10893721 5. Barondess JA. Medicine against society. Lessons from the Third Reich. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1657-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8922452 Comment in: • JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81. • JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):710. 6. Baten J, Wagner A. Autarchy, market disintegration, and health: the mortality and nutritional crisis in , 1933-1937. Econ Hum Biol. 2003 Jan;1(1):1-28. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15463961 7. Bodó B. The medical examination and biological selection of university students in Nazi Germany. Bull Hist Med. 2002 Winter;76(4):719-48. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12446977 8. Boozer JS. Children of Hippocrates: doctors in Nazi Germany. In I. Shur, F. Littell, and M. Wolfgang, eds. Reflections on the Holocaust. Special issue of Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 1980 Jul;(450):83-97. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10297983 9. Bruwer A. Thoughts after reading Robert Jay Lifton's 'The Nazi Doctors'. Med War. 1989 Oct- Dec;5(4):185-96. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2695805 10. Bursztajn A. Reflections on my father's experience with doctors during the Shoah (1939-1945). Interview by Harold J. Bursztajn. J Clin Ethics. 1996 Winter;7(4):311-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9029331 11. Chelouche T. Medicine and the Holocaust--lessons for present and future physicians. Med Law. 2008 Dec;27(4):787-804. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19202857 12. Clark, Mary Marshall. Holocaust Video Testimony, Oral History, and Narrative Medicine: The Struggle against Indifference. In Literature and Medicine - Volume 24, Number 2, Fall 2005, pp. 266-282. Abstract available online at: http://130.102.44.247/login?uri=/journals/literature_and_medicine/v024/24.2clark.pdf 13. Cocks G. Sick heil: self and illness in Nazi Germany. Osiris. 2007;22:93-115. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18175467 14. Cohen E. The Nazification of German physicians, 1918-1937. Ann R Coll Physicians Surg Can. 1998 Oct;31(7):336-40. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12382662 15. Cohen MM Jr. 2010. Overview of German, Nazi, and Holocaust Medicine. Am J Med Genet Part A 152A:687-707. Abstract available online at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32807/abstract

1 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Articles 16. Cohen, B. C. (2003). "The Ethics of Using Medical Data from Nazi Experiments." Jewish Law Articles: Examining Halacha, Jewish Issues and Secular Law: 1-34. 17. Davis, J. W. (2006). "Abusing the Holocaust Analogy?" Security Studies 15(4): 706-712. 18. Day M. A spectre haunts evolution: Haeckel, Heidegger, and the all-too-human history of biology. Perspect Biol Med. 2010 Spring;53(2):289-303. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20495264 19. 20. Dewey M, Schagen U, Eckart WU, Schönenberger E. Ernst Ferdinand Sauerbruch and his ambiguous role in the period of National Socialism. Ann Surg. 2006 Aug;244(2):315-21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16858197 21. Dickman S. US role alleged in cover-up of researchers guilty of war crimes. Nature. 1988 Oct 6;335(6190):481. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11644475 22. Dückers A. Nazi war crimes and medicine 50 years on. Lancet. 1997 Mar 22;349(9055):886. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9121299 23. Engershom E. From Haeckel to Hackethal: lessons from Nazi medicine for students and practitioners of medicine. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1990;5(1):73-87. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20799424 24. Ernst E. Killing in the name of healing: the active role of the German medical profession during the Third Reich. Am J Med. 1996 May;100(5):579-81. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8644771 Comment in: Am J Med. 1997 Jan;102(1):130-1. 25. Ernst E. 'Neue Deutsche Heilkunde': complementary/alternative medicine in the Third Reich. Complement Ther Med. 2001 Mar;9(1):49-51. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11264971 26. Geiderman JM. Ethics seminars: physician complicity in the Holocaust: historical review and reflections on emergency medicine in the 21st century, part I. Acad Emerg Med. 2002 Mar;9(3):223-31. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11874788 27. Geiderman JM. Ethics seminars: physician complicity in the Holocaust: historical review and reflections on emergency medicine in the 21st century, part II. Acad Emerg Med. 2002 Mar;9(3):232-40. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11874789 28. Grace D. Apologizing for the past: German science and Nazi medicine. Sci Eng Ethics. 2002 Jan;8(1):31-42. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11840955 29. Hanauske-Abel HM. From Nazi holocaust to nuclear holocaust: a lesson to learn? Lancet. 1986 Aug 2;2(8501):271-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2874290 30. Hanauske-Abel HM. Not a slippery slope or sudden subversion: German medicine and national socialism in 1933. BMJ. 1996 Dec 7;313(7070):1453-63. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8973235 Comment in: BMJ. 1997 Feb 8;314(7078):439. BMJ. 1997 Feb 8;314(7078):440. BMJ. 1997 Feb 8;314(7078):439. BMJ. 1997 Feb 8;314(7078):440. 31. Hedfors E. Medical science in the light of the Holocaust: Departing from a post-war paper by Ludwik Fleck. Soc Stud Sci. 2008 Apr;38(2):259-83. PubMed Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18831133

2 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Articles 32. Herbert U. Lessons from the dark side. Ulrich Herbert interviewed by Alison Abbott. Nature. 2008 Feb 14;451(7180):755. . PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18272982 33. Herken G, David J. Doctors of death. NY Times (Print). 1994 Jan 13:A21. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11646303 34. Hoenig LJ. A Jewish physician amidst the Holocaust. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Oct 23;160(19):2891-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11041894 Comment in: • Arch Intern Med. 2001 Jun 11;161(11):1460-1. 35. Hoenig LJ. A follow-up to "a Jewish physician amidst the holocaust". Arch Intern Med. 2001 Jun 11;161(11):1460-1. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11386904 Comment on: • Arch Intern Med. 2000 Oct 23;160(19):2891-4. 36. Hoenig LJ, Spenser T, Tarsi A. Dr Karel Fleischmann: the story of an artist and physician in Ghetto Terezin. Int J Dermatol. 2004 Feb;43(2):129-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15125504 37. Kennicott P. The seduction of science to perfect an imperfect race. Int J Health Serv. 2005;35(2):399-404. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15932013 38. Kenny MG. A darker shade of green: medical botany, homeopathy, and cultural politics in interwar Germany. Soc Hist Med. 2002 Dec;15(3):481-504. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12659098 39. Koenig R. Nazi research. Max Planck offers historic apology. Science. 2001 Jun 15;292(5524):1979-82. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11408627 40. Krob MG. Medicine in a world gone mad: Stanislaw Lem's novel Hospital of the transfiguration. Med Humanit Rev. 2002 Spring;16(1):9-24. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12510678 41. Lerner BH. From Laennec to lobotomy: teaching medical history at academic medical centers. Am J Med Sci. 2000 May;319(5):279-84. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10830550 42. Lerner BH, Rothman DJ. Medicine and the Holocaust: learning more of the lessons. Ann Intern Med. 1995 May 15;122(10):793-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7717603 Full Text: http://www.annals.org/content/122/10/793.full Comment on: • Ann Intern Med. 1995 May 15;122(10):789-92. 43. Lifton RJ. German doctors and the . N Y Times Mag. 1986 Sep 21:64-65, 70-75. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11651851 44. Lifton RJ. Medicalized killing in Auschwitz. Psychiatry. 1982 Nov;45(4):283-97. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/6755523 45. Lifton RJ. The doctors of Auschwitz: the biomedical vision. Psychohist Rev. 1983;11(2-3):36-46. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11611753 46. Light DW, Liebfried S, Tennstedt F. Social medicine vs professional dominance: the German experience. Am J Public Health. 1986 Jan;76(1):78-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3510052 47. Lignitz E. The history of forensic medicine in times of the Weimar republic and national

3 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Articles socialism--an approach. Forensic Sci Int. 2004 Sep 10;144(2-3):113-24. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15364380 48. López-Muñoz F, García-García P, Alamo C. The pharmaceutical industry and the German National Socialist Regime: I.G. Farben and pharmacological research. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2009 Feb;34(1):67-77. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19125905 49. Maretzki TW. The documentation of Nazi medicine by German medical sociologists: a review article. Soc Sci Med. 1989;29(12):1319-30; discussion 1330-2. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2697944

Medical Refugees in Britain and the Wider World, 1930-1960: 50. Weindling, Paul. Medical Refugees in Britain and the Wider World, 1930–1960: Introduction Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 451-459 first published online September 18, 2009. Available online at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/451 51. Shepherd, Michael. The Impact of Germanic Refugees on Twentieth-Century British Psychiatry Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 461-469 first published online September 24, 2009. Available online at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/461 52. Pross, Christian. Breaking Through the Postwar Coverup of Nazi Doctors in Germany. Journal of Medical Ethics. 1991. 17(Supplement): 13-16. 53. Pross, Christian. The Attitude of German Émigré Doctors Towards Medicine under National Socialism Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 531-552 first published online October 23, 2009. Available online at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/531 54. Zamet, John. The Anschluss and the Problem of Refugee Stomatologists Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 471-488 first published online October 29, 2009. Available online: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/471 55. Zalashik, Rakefet, and Davidovitch, Nadav. Professional Identity across the Borders: Refugee Psychiatrists in Palestine, 1933–1945 Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 569-587 first published online November 2, 2009. Available online at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/569 56. Collins, Kenneth. European Refugee Physicians in Scotland, 1933–1945 Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 513-530 first published online November 3, 2009. Available online at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/513 57. Weindling, Paul. Medical Refugees and the Modernisation of British Medicine, 1930–1960 Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 489-511 first published online November 5, 2009. Available online: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/489 58. Von Villiez, Anna. The Emigration of Women Doctors from Germany under National Socialism Soc Hist Med (2009) 22(3): 553-567. Available online at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/553 59. . Wikipedia. Available online at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws 60. Oberman AS, Brosh-Nissimov T, Ash N. Medicine and the Holocaust: a visit to the Nazi death camps as a means of teaching medical ethics in the Defense Forces Medical Corps. J Med Ethics. 2010 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21030474 61. Proctor RN. Bitter pill. Sciences (New York). 1999 May-Jun;39(3):14-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11657903 62. Proctor, Robert N. Holocaust science. Nature Medicine. 11, 709(2005) 63. Proctor RN. On playing the Nazi card. Tob Control. 2008 Oct;17(5):289-90. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18818221 Comment on: Tob Control. 2008 Oct;17(5):291-6. 64. Proctor, R.N. (1988). Racial hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 65. Reinhardt O. The "Nazi doctors" debate. Med J Aust. 1990 Dec 3-17;153(11-12):645-7.

4 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Articles PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2246982 66. Reis S. Holocaust and Medicine – A Medical Education Agenda. Israel Medical Association Journal. 2007;9:189-191. Full text available online at: http://www.ima.org.il/imaj/ar07mar-18.pdf 67. Reis S, Spenser T. Medicine and the Holocaust - lessons for present and future physicians. Br J Gen Pract. 2003 Jan;53(486):78-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15609457 68. Reis SP, Wald HS. Learning from the past: medicine and the Holocaust. Lancet. 2009 Jul 11;374(9684):110-1. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19606544 69. Rubenfeld S. Medicine and the Holocaust. Clin Dermatol. 2010 Nov-Dec;28(6):697-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21034994 70. Rubenfeld, Sheldon. Healing by Killing: Medicine in the Third Reich. Houston Medicine Magazine. [No Date] Available online at: http://www.world- publishing.com/medicine/articles/march2004/healing_killing_3rd_reich.asp 71. Schaefer N. The legacy of Nazi medicine. New Atlantis. 2004 Spring;5:54-60. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15586958 72. Schmolling P. Human reactions to the : a summing up. J Human Stress. 1984 Fall;10(3):108-20. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/6394649 73. Seidelman WE. In memoriam: medicine's confrontation with evil. Hastings Cent Rep. 1989 Nov- Dec;19(6):5-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2606666 74. Seidelman WE. Medical selection: Auschwitz antecedents and effluent. Int J Health Serv. 1991;21(3):401-15. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/1917203 75. Seidelman, William E. Medicine and Murder in the Third Reich. Dimensions, Vol 13, No 1, 1999. Available online at: http://www.adl.org/braun/dim_13_1_med_murder.asp 76. Seidelman WE. Nuremberg lamentation: for the forgotten victims of medical science. BMJ. 1996 Dec 7;313(7070):1463-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8973236 77. Shevell MI, Peiffer J. Julius Hallervorden's wartime activities: implications for science under dictatorship. Pediatr Neurol. 2001 Aug;25(2):162-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 78. Spevick, Jeremy. Physicians as Agents of the State. Virtual Mentor: American Medical Association Journal of Ethics. December 2002. 4(12). Available online at: http://virtualmentor.ama-assn.org/2002/12/medu1-0212.html 79. Strous RD. Antisemitism and the history of medicine: the challenge then and now. Isr Med Assoc J. 2010 Apr;12(4):229-30. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20803883 80. Strous RD. Dr. Irmfried Eberl (1910-1948): mass murdering MD. Isr Med Assoc J. 2009 Apr;11(4):216-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19603594 81. Strous RD, Edelman MC. Eponyms and the Nazi era: time to remember and time for change. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Mar;9(3):207-14. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 82. Trepman E. Rescue of the remnants: the British emergency medical relief operation in Belsen Camp 1945. J R Army Med Corps. 2001 Oct;147(3):281-93. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 83. Tuffs A. Nazi war crimes and medicine 50 years on. Lancet. 1996 Nov 2;348(9036):1234. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11654464 84. Wade N. The errors of Nazi science: even in Dachau, an urge to falsify. NY Times (Print). 1990

5 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Articles May 27:E12. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11646770 85. Wallace DJ, Weisman MH. The physician Hans Reiter as prisoner of war in Nuremberg: a contextual review of his interrogations (1945-1947). Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Feb;32(4):208- 30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12621585 86. Weinberg, Uri, and Reis, Shmuel. The holocaust and medicine – a learning moment. BMJ. 2005 September 24, 331(7518):668. Full text available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1226246/ and http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1226246/pdf/bmj33100668.pdf 87. Weindling P. "Belsenitis": liberating Belsen, its hospitals, UNRRA, and selection for re- emigration, 1945-1948. Sci Context. 2006 Sep;19(3):401-18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17214437 88. Weinstein LB. Anna's story. Interview by Leonore B Weinstein. RN. 2008 Jul;71(7):52. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18720911 89. Wentz S, Proctor RN, Weiss SF. Racial hygiene: the pseudo-science of Nazi medicine. Med Humanit Rev. 1989 Jan;3(1):13-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11621731 90. White LW. The Nazi doctors and the medical community; honor or censure? The case of Hans Sewering. J Med Humanit. 1996 Summer;17(2):119-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11645778 91. Wynia, Matthew K., and Wells, Alan L. Medicine and the Holocaust: Light from the Flames of Hell: Remembrance and Lessons fo the Holocaust for Today’s Medical Profession. Israel Medical Association Journal. 2007; 9:186-188. Full text available online at: http://www.ima.org.il/imaj/ar07mar-17.pdf 92. Yeide H, Lifton RJ. Killing in the name of healing. Med Humanit Rev. 1987 Jul;1(2):43-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11621450

Medicine and the Holocaust - Books 1. Ackerman, Diane: The Zookeeper’s Wife: A War Story. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, NY, 2007. 2. Adelsberger, Lucie: Auschwitz: A Doctor’s Story. Northeastern University Press, Boston, MA, 1995. 3. Alexander, Leo: Medical Science Under Dictatorship. Bibliographic Press, Flushing, NY, 1949. 4. Aly, Götz and Heim, Susan: Architects of Annihilation: Auschwitz and the Logic of Destruction. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2002. 5. Aly, Götz, Chroust, Peter, and Pross, Christian: Cleansing the Fatherland: Nazi Medicine and Racial Hygiene. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1994. 6. Aly, Götz: Hitler’s Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State. Metropolitan Books, New York, NY, 2005. 7. Applebaum, Anne: Gulag: A History. Anchor Books, New York, NY, 2003. 8. Arendt, Hannah: Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil. Penguin Books, New York, NY, 1994. 9. Auspitz Labson, Gabriella: My Righteous Gentile: Lord Wedgwood and Other Memories. KTAV Publishing House, Inc., Jersey City, NJ, 2004.

Doctors of Death 10. Aziz, Phillippe: Doctors of Death. Volume 1: Karl Brandt, the Third Reich’s Man in White. Fermi Publishers, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976.

6 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Books 11. Aziz, Phillippe: Doctors of Death. Volume 2: Joseph Mengele, The Evil Doctor. Fermi Publishers, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976. 12. Aziz, Phillippe: Doctors of Death. Volume 3: When Man Became a Guinea Pig for Death. Fermi Publishers, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976. 13. Aziz, Phillippe: Doctors of Death. Volume 4: In the Beginning Was the Master Race… Fermi Publishers, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976.

14. Bach, Steven: Leni: The Life andWork of Leni Riefenstahl. Alfred A. Knopf. New York, NY, 2007. 15. Bailer-Galanda, Brigitte and Neugebauer, Wolfgang: Incorrigibly Right: Right-wing Extremists, “Revisionists” and Anti-semites in Austrian Politics Today. Anti-Defamation League, Vienna, Austria, 1996. 16. Bailer-Galanda, Brigitte, Mehany-Mitterrutzner, Christa, and Schindler, Christine: Documentation Center of Austrian Resistance: Catalog to the Permanent Exhibition. Documentation Center of Austrian Resistance, Vienna, Austria, 2006. 17. Bankier, David and Michman, Dan: Holocaust and Justice: Representations & Historiography of the Holocaust in Post-War Trials. Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, Israel, 2010. 93. Barondess, J. A. (1996). Medicine Against Society: Lessons from the Third Reich. Hippocrates Betrayed: Medicine in the Third Reich. Washington, D.C., U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. 18. Bartov, Omer: Erased: Vanishing Traces of Jewish Galicia in Present-Day Ukraine. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 20007. 19. Bauer, Yehuda: Rethinking the Holocaust. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 2001. 20. Baumslag, Naomi: Murderous Medicine: Nazi Doctors, Human Experimentation, and Typhus. Praeger, Westport, CT, 2005. 21. Baur, Erwin, Fischer, Eugen and Lenz, Fritz: Menschliche Erblichkeitslehre und Rassenhygiene. J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, München, Germany, 1923. 22. Beker, Avi: The Chosen: The History of an Idea, and the Anatomy of an Obsession. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2009. 23. Benz, Wolfgang and Pehle, Walter H (Eds.): Encyclopedia of German Resistance to the Nazi Movement. The Continuum Publishing Company, New York, NY, 1997. 24. Bergerson, Andrw Stuart: Ordinary Germans in Extraordinary Times: The Nazi Revolution in Hildesheim. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 2004. 25. Berkley, George E: Vienna and Its : The Tragedy of Success, 1880s-1980s. Abt Books, Cambridge, MA, 1988. 26. Biaglioli, Mario. Science, Modernity and the “Final Solution,” in Saul Friedlander, ed., Probing the Limits of Representation. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992. 27. Biddle, Wayne: Dark Side of the Moon: Wernher von Braum and the Third Reich, and the Space Race. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, NY, 2009. 28. Binding, Karl and Hoche, Alfred: The Release of The Destruction of Life Devoid of Value. 1920. (English translation published privately by Robert L. Sassone, Library of Congress No. 75-7723 (1975)) 29. Black, Edwin: IBM and the Holocaust: The Strategic Alliance Between Nazi Germany and America’s Most Powerful Corporation. Three Rivers Press, New York, NY, 2001. 30. Black, Edwin: Nazi Nexus: America’s Corporate Connections to Hitler’s Holocaust. Dialog Press, Washington, D.C., 2009. 31. Black, Edwin: The Transfer Agreement: The Dramatic Story of the Pact Between the Third Reich and Jewish Palestine. Carroll & Graf Publishers, Inc., New York, NY, 1984. 32. Bredin, Jean-Denis: The Affair: The Case of Alfred Dreyfus. George Braziller, New York, NY, 1986. 33. Brennan, William: Medical Holocausts I: Exterminative Medicine in Nazi Germany and Contemporary America. Nordland Publishing International, Inc., Houston, TX, 1980. 34. Brent, Jonathan and Naumov, Vladimir P: Stalin’s Last Crime: The Plot Against the Jewish Doctors, 1948-1953. Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY, 2003. 35. Brown, Christy: My Left Foot. Mandarin, London, England, 1989

7 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Books 36. Burleigh, Michael, and Wippermann, Wolfgang: The Racial State: Germany 1933-1945. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1991. 37. Cannato, Vincetn J: American Passage: The History of Ellis Island. Harper, New York, NY, 2009. 38. Carnegie, Andrew: The Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie; and the Gospel of Wealth. Signet Classics, New York, NY, 2006. 39. Charles, Daniel: Mastermind: The Rise and Fall of Fritz Haber, the Nobel Laureate Who Launched the Age of Chemical Warfare. Ecco, New York, NY, 2005. 40. Charon, Rita: Narrative Medicine: Honoring the Stories of Illness. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2006. 41. Church, Gene: ‘80629’ A Mengele Experiment. Route 66 Publishing Ltd., Albuquerque, NM 1986. 42. Cohen, Maynard M: A Stand Against Tyranny: Norway’s Physicians and the Nazis. Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997. 43. Cornwell, John: Hitler’s Scientists: Science, War, and the Devil’s Pact. Viking, New York, NY, 2003. 44. Doerry, Martin (ed.): My Wounded Heart: The Life of Lilli Jahn 1900-1944. Bloomsbury, New York, NY, 2004. 45. Dorland, Michael: Inventing a Pathology of Catastrophe for Holocaust Survival: The Limits of Medical Knowledge & Historical Memory in France. Brandeis University Press, Waltham, MA, 2009. 46. Eckart, Wolfgang U (Ed.): Man, Medicine, and the State: The Human Body as an Object of Government Sponsored Medical Research in the 20th Century. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany. 47. Efron, John M.: Medicine and the German Jews. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 2001. 48. Fainaru-Wada, Mark and Williams, Lance: Game of Shadows: Barry Bonds, BALCO, and the Steroids Scandal That Rocked Professional Sports. Gotham Books, New York, NY, 2007. 49. Favez, Jean-Claude: The Red Cross and the Holocaust. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1999. 50. Fertig, Howard. Nazi Medicine: Doctors, Victims and Medicine in Auschwitz. Howard Fertig Inc., New York. 1986. 51. Finzsch, Norbert and Schirmer, Dietmar: Identity and Intolerance: Nationalism, Racism, Xenophobia in Germany and the United States. The German Historical Institute, Washington, D.C., 1998. 52. Foighel, Isi: The Miracle in Denmark: The Rescue of the Jews. Christian Ejlers’ Forlag, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2007. 53. Frankfurter, Bernhard (ed.): The Meeting: An Auschwitz Survivor Confronts an SS Physician. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, 2000. 54. Frayling, Christopher: Mad, Bad and Dangerous? The Scientist and the Cinema. Reaktion Books, London, England, 2005. 55. Gallagher, Hugh Gregory: By Trust Betrayed: Patients, Physicians, and the License to Kill in the Third Reich. (Revised Edition). Vandamere Press, Arlington, VA, 1995. 56. Gellately, Robert and Stoltzfus, Nathan (Eds.): Social Outsiders in Nazi Germany. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2001. 57. Gilbert, Martin: The Holocaust: A History of the Jews of Europe During the Second World War. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York, NY, 1985. 58. Gilder, George: The Israel Test. Richard Vigilante Books, Minneapolis, MN, 2009. 59. Gilman, Sander L.: Jewish Frontiers: Essays on Bodies, Histories, and Identities. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2003. 60. Goldensohn, Leon: The Nuremberg Interviews: An American Psychiatrist’s Conversations with the Defendants and Witnesses. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY, 2004. 61. Goliszek, Andrew: In the Name of Science: A History of Secret Programs, Medical Research, and Human Experimentation. St. Martin’s Press, New York, NY, 2003. 62. Goodman, Jordan, McElligott, Anthony, and Marks, Lara: Useful Bodies: Humans in the Service of Medical Science in the Twentieth Century. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 2003.

8 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Books 63. Gould, Stephen J: The Mismeasure of Man. WW Norton & Co., New York, NY, 1996. 64. Grant, Madison: The Passing of the Great Race. Ayer Company Publishers, Inc., North Stratford, NH, 2000. 65. Haas, Albert A: The Doctor and the Damned. St. Martin’s Press, New York, NY, 1984. 66. Hager, Thomas: The Demon Under the Microscope: From Battlefield Hospitals to Nazi Labs, One Doctor’s Heroic Search for the World’s First Miracle Drug. Harmony Books, New York, NY, 2006. 67. Hartman, John J and Krochmal, Jacek (Eds.): I Remember Every Day…The Fates of the Jews of Przemyśl during World War II. Towarzystwo Przyjacio Nauk Przemyslu, Przemyśl , Poland, 2002. 68. Heilbron, J. L.: The Dilemmas of an Upright Man: Max Planck and the Fortunes of German Science. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996. 69. Hellman, Peter: The Auschwitz Book: A Book Based Upon an Album Discovered by a Concentration Camp Survivor, Lili Meier. Random House, New York, NY, 1981. 70. Helman, Cecil: The Body of Frankenstein’s Monster: Essays in Myth & Medicine. Paraview, New York, NY, 2004. 71. Hogle, Linda F: Recovering the Nation’s Body: Cultural Memory, Medicine, and the Politics of Redemption. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 1999. 72. Holloway, Pippa: Sexuality, Politics, and Social Control in Virginia 1920-1945. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 2006. 73. Holmes, Richard: The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science. Pantheon Books, New York, NY, 2008. 74. Hunt, Linda: Secret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990. St. Martin’s Press, New York, NY, 1991. 75. International Auschwitz Committee: Nazi Medicine: Doctors, Victims and Medicine in Auschwitz. Howard Fertig, Inc., New York, NY, 1986. 76. Isaacson, Walter: Einstein: His Life and Universe. Simon & Schuster, New York, NY, 2007. 77. Jaworski, Leon: After Fifteen Years. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, TX, 1961. 78. Kater, Michael H: Doctors Under Hitler. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1989. 79. Kintner, Earl W. (Ed.): The Hadamar Trial. London, England, 1949. 80. Kuntz, Dieter (Ed.): Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, D.C. 2004. 81. Lederer, Susan E: Frankenstein: Penetrating the Secrets of Nature. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 2002. 82. Lederer, Susan E: Subjected to Science: Human Experimentation in America Before the Second World War. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1995. 83. Levin, Yuval: Imagining the Future: Science and American Democracy. Encounter Books, New York, NY, 2008. 84. Lifton, Robert Jay: The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York, NY: Basic Books, Inc., 1986. 85. Maeder, Thomas: The Unspeakable Crimes of Dr. Petiot. The Atlantic Monthly Press, Boston, MA, 1980. 86. Majer, Diemut: “Non-Germans” Under the Third Reich: The Nazi Judicial and Administrative System in Germany and Occupied Eastern Europe, with Special Regard to Occupied Poland, 1939-1945. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 2003. 87. Markel, Howard: Quarantine! East European Jewish Immigrants and the Epidemics of 1892. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1997. 88. Mitscherlich, Alexander, and Mielke, Fred: Doctors of Infamy: The Story of the Nazi Medical Crimes. Henry Schuman, Inc., New York, NY, 1949. 89. Moreno, Jonathan D: Undue Risk: Secret State Experiments on Humans. Routledge, New York, NY, 2001. 90. Muller-Hill, Benno: Murderous Science: The Elimination by Scientific Selection of Jews, Gypsies, and Others in Germany, 1933-1945. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 1998.

9 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Books 91. Nadav, Daniel S: Medicine and . The Hebrew University Magnes Press, Jerusalem, Israel, 2009. 92. Nyiszli, Miklos: Auschwitz: A Doctor’s Eyewitness Account. Arcade Publishing, New York, NY, 1993. 93. O’Connor, Flannery: A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories. Harcourt, Inc., Orlando, FL, 1955. 94. Oehler-Klein, Sigrid (Ed.): Die Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Giesen im Nationalsozialismus und in der Nachkriegszeit: Personen und Institutionen, Umbrüche und Kontinuitäten. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 2007. 95. Palmer, Michael: The Patient. Bantam Books, New York, NY, 2000. 96. Pasternak, Alfred: Inhuman Research: Medical Experiments in German Concentration Camps.Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, Hungary, 2006. 97. Percy, Walker: The Thanatos Syndrome. Picador, New York, NY, 1987. 98. Perl, Gisella: I Was A Doctor in Auschwitz. Ayer Company Publishers, Inc., North Stratford, NH, 1948. 99. Posner, Gerald L, and Ware, John: Mengele: The Complete Story. Cooper Square Press, New York, NY, 2000. 100. Powers, Thomas: Heisenberg’s War: The Secret History of the German Bomb. Da Capo Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993. 101. Proctor, Robert N: Racial Hygiene: Medicine Under the Nazis. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1988. 102. Pross, Christian and Gotz, Aly: The Value of the Human Being: Medicine in Germany 1918-1945. Artzekammer, Berlin, Germany, 1991. 103. Roland, Charles G: Courage Under Siege: Starvation, Disease, and Death in the . Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 1992. 104. Rubenfeld, S. (2010). Medicine after the Holocaust: From the master race to the human genome and beyond. New York: NY: Palgrave MacMillan. 105. Schmidt, Ulf: Karl Brandt The Nazi Doctor: Medicine and Power in the Third Reich. Hambledon Continuum, New York, NY, 2007. 106. Schneider, William H: Quality and Quantity: The Quest for Biological Regeneration in Twentieth- Century France. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2002. 107. Scrugs, Artie: The Clausberg Conspiracies: Nazi Medicine and the Pill. Xlibris Corporation, Philadelphia, PA, 20001. 108. Seidelman, William E. Mengele Medicus: Medicine’s Nazi Heritage. The Millbank Quarterly. 1988. 66(2):221-239. 109. Sharansky, Natan: The Case for Democracy: The Power of Freedom to Overcome Tyranny & Terror. PublicAffairs, New York, NY, 2004. 110. Shelley, Lore, ed. Criminal Experiments on Human Beings in Auschwitz and War Research Laboratories: Twenty Prisoners’ Accounts. San Francisco: Mellen Research University Press, 1991. 111. Silver, Daniel B: Refuge in Hell: How Berlin’s Jewish Hospital Outlasted the Nazis. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY, 2003. 112. Spitz, Vivien: Doctors from Hell: The Horrific Account of Nazi Experiments on Humans. Sentient Publications, LLC, Boulder, CO, 2005. 113. Steel, Johannes: Hitler as Frankenstein. Wishart & Co., London, England, 1933. 114. Stent, Gunther S: Nazis, Women and Molecular Biology: Memoirs of a Self-Hater. Briones Books, Kensington, CA, 1998. 115. Tarsi, Anita (Ed.): Art and Medicine in Ghetto Theresienstadt (Tereziin): Drawings from the Years 1942-1944. Beit Terezin, Givat Haim-Ihud, Israel, 2001. 116. Walker, Mark: Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German Atomic Bomb. Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, MA, 1995. 117. Wallace, Max: The American Axis: Henry Ford, Charles Lindbergh and the Rise of The Third Reich. St. Martin’s Press, New York, NY, 2003.

10 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Books 118. Warner, John Harley and Tighe, Janet A: Major Problems in the History of American Medicine and Public Health. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA, 2001. 119. Weindling, Paul: Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2000. 120. Weindling, Paul. Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism, 1870–1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 121. Weininger, Otto: Sex and Character: An Investigation of Fundamental Principles. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 2005. 122. Weyers, Wolfgang: The Abuse of Man: An Illustrated History of Dubious Medical Experimentation. Ardor Scribendi, Ltd., New York, NY, 2003. 123. White, Andrew Dickson: A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom. (Vols. I-II). Peter Smith, Publisher, Inc., Gloucester, MA, 1978. 124. Winick, Myron (Ed.): Hunger Disease: Studies by the Jewish Physicians in the Warsaw Ghetto. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1979. 125. Winick, Myron: Final Stamp: The Jewish Doctors in the Warsaw Ghetto. AuthorHouse, Bloomington, IN, 2007.

Medicine and the Holocaust - Websites 1. Angels of Death: The Nazi Doctors Doctors are supposed to heal the sick not use human subjects for their own experiments. This site has an overview of the experiments as well as biographical information (links at the bottom of the page) for several of the more notorious Nazi doctors: Mengele, Clauberg, Oberheuser, Brandt, and Kremer. Multiple Links and Resources http://www.shoah.dk/doctors/index.htm 2. Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies. University of Minnesota. http://www.chgs.umn.edu/webBib/links/h.html 3. Holocaust and Medicine Letters on Sterilization. Letter from SS Oberfuehrer Brack to Reichsfuehrer SS Himmler, June 23, 1942. (DotH p. 272) Medical research or science and Nazis Medicine and social responsibility: A time for reflection by The Faculty of Medicine at Memorial University of Newfoundland NIH Records: Letter to The Editor The Ethics Of Using Medical Data From Nazi Experiments byBaruch C. Cohen 4. Dimensions: A Journal of Published by the Anti-Defamation League's Braun Holocaust Institute http://www.adl.org/braun/dimensions_toc.asp 5. Holocaust Teacher Resource Center http://www.holocaust-trc.org/ T4 Med1cal Questionnaire Used to determine whether patients should be killed in the T-4 Nazi euthanasia program Translated in Robert J. Lifton, The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide (New York, 1986), pp. 68-69. http://www.holocaust-trc.org/medqst.htm 6. Medical Experiments http://www.deathcamps.info/Experiments/experiments.htm 7. Medicine and the Holocaust--lessons for present and future physicians. http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Medicine-Holocaust-lessons-present-future/19202857.html 8. Midwest Center for

11 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Websites Ireland, Rhonda, and Buchanan, Jenny. Teaching Materials For Deadly Medicine: Creating The Master Race Multiple links, resources, audio-visual presentations http://www.mchekc.org/deadlymedicineteachingmaterials.htm 9. Nazi human experimentation. Wikipedia. Over 40 additional references and resource links. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_human_experimentation 10. Project on Medicine and the Holocaust. Boston University Department of Health Law, Bioethics and Human Rights & the Elie Wiesel Center for Judaic Studies Multiple resources and references. http://www.projectmedholo.org/ 11. Remember.org – A Cybrary of the Holocaust Education...A Legacy Forum This section of the Cybrary of the Holocaust is for teachers to exchange lesson plans, share new ideas, and help students learn. Witness testimonies are available, as are interactive maps from survivor Harold Gordon and Abe's Story. Also visit our Online Education Links page and the Cybrary Bookstore featuring over 2000 titles available online. View the art of survivors Jan Komski and Tamara Deuel. http://remember.org/educate/ 12. Medical Experiments of the Holocaust and Nazi Medicine http://remember.org/educate/medexp.html 13. A dangerous experiment http://remember.org/educate/danger.html

14. Resources on Human Experimentation by Nazi Doctors http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~shale/humanities/composition/assignments/experiment/nazi.html General Resources on the Holocaust Holocaust Memorial and Research Sites Directories of Holocaust Sites Resources on the Nazi Doctors The Nuremburg Trials Documents Other Resources Photographs The Legacy of the Nazi Doctors Bibliography 15. The History Place. Holocaust Timeline http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/timeline.html 16. The Holocaust – Comprehensive Sites http://www.teacheroz.com/holocaust.htm 17. The Holocaust: Crimes, Heroes and Villains http://www.auschwitz.dk/

18. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. http://www.ushmm.org/ Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/ Medical Experiments Nazi Racial Science The Handicapped Traveling Exhibitions of Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/traveling/details/index.php?content=deadly_medicine&type

12 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Medicine and the Holocaust - Websites =current Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race online exhibition Mentally and Physically Handicapped Victims of the Nazi Era Nazi Persecution of Persons with Disabilities The Doctors Trial Article The Doctors Trial online exhibition Images of Nazi racial propaganda - photo archives Euthanasia Program Euthanasia Program Maps Gassing Operations Final Solutions: Murderous Racial Hygiene, 1936-1945 Hadamar Trial Personal Story - The Euthanasia Program Deadly Medicine: Irmgard Huber The Nazi Persecution of Deaf People Biological State

19. Excerpt from 5th grade biology text about racial health 20. The Educational Principals of the New Germany (note to parents and educators) 21. You and Your People (written in 1940 for 14 year olds) 22. Hereditary and Racial Science for Elementary and Secondary Schools 23. Racial Chart from "What Kind of Marriage is Restricted By the Law?" 24. Racial Chart from "Who Has German Blood?" 25. Photograph - Race Education in School 1943

26. Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism http://sicsa.huji.ac.il/

Medicine and the Holocaust - Films and Videos

1. Healing By Killing. (2007) Director: Nitzan Aviram. With Robert Jay Lifton. 90 minutes. Multiple editions and formats. http://www.worldcat.org/title/healing-by- killing/oclc/285313066/editions?referer=di&editionsView=true

Carrel, Alexis - Books 1. Carrel, Alexis: Man The Unknown. Harper & Brothers Publishers, New York, NY, 1935. 2. Carrel, Alexis: Man, the Unknown. Halcyon House, New York, NY, 1935. 3. Friedman, David M: The Immortalists: Charles Lindbergh, Dr. Alexis Carrel, and Their Daring Quest to Live Forever. HarperCollins Publishers, New York, NY, 2007.

13 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory - Books 1. Carlson, Elof Axel: Times of Triumph, Times of Doubt: Science and the Battle for Public Trust. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 2006.

Joseph Mengele – Articles 1. Eckert WG, Teixeira WR. The identification of . A triumph of international cooperation. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1985 Sep;6(3):188-91. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 2. Seidelman WE. Mengele medicus: medicine's Nazi heritage. Milbank Q. 1988;66(2):221-39. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3054470

Joseph Mengele - Books 1. Astor, Gerald. The Last Nazi: The Life and Times of Dr. Joseph Mengele. New York: D.I. Fine, 1985 2. Aziz, Phillippe: Doctors of Death. Volume 2: Joseph Mengele, The Evil Doctor. Fermi Publishers, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976.

Joseph Mengele - Websites 1. Angel of Death. Joseph Mengele http://auschwitz.dk/Mengele.htm 2. Joseph Mengele. About.com. http://history1900s.about.com/library/holocaust/blmengele.htm 3. Rosenberg, Jennifer. Menngele's Children: The Twins of Auschwitz http://history1900s.about.com/od/auschwitz/a/mengeletwins.htm

The Nuremberg Doctors’ Trial - Articles

1. Adam YG. Justice in Nuremberg: the doctors' trial--60 years later. A reminder. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Mar;9(3):194-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17402338 2. Annas GJ, Grodin MA. Reflections on the fiftieth anniversary of the Doctors' Trial. Health Hum Rights. 1996;2(1):7-21. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11657276 3. Annas GJ, Grodin MA. Medicine and Human Rights: Reflections on the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Doctors' Trial. Health Hum Rights. 1996;2(1):6-21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10393627 4. Diamond EF. Reflections on the 50th anniversary of the Nuremberg doctors' trials. Linacre Q. 1997 May;64(2):17-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed

14 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

The Nuremberg Doctors’ Trial - Articles 5. Ernst E. 50 years ago: the Nuremberg Doctors' Tribunal. Part 1: The descent towards medicalised murder. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1996;146(21-22):574-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9017893 6. Ernst E. 50 years ago: the Nuremberg doctors' tribunal. Part 2: Medical resistance during the Third Reich. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1996;146(24):629-31. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9123951 7. Ernst E. 50 years ago: the Nuremberg Doctors' Tribunal. Part 3: The failure of coming to terms with the past. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1997;147(2):53-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9061887 8. Ernst E. 50 years ago: the Nuremberg Doctors' Tribunal. Part 4: Nazi medicine's relevance today. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1997;147(3):70-1. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9086587 9. Frewer A. Human rights from the Nuremberg Doctors Trial to the Geneva Declaration. Persons and institutions in medical ethics and history. Med Health Care Philos. 2010 Aug;13(3):259-68. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20437118 10. Harkness JM. Nuremberg and the issue of wartime experiments on US prisoners. The Green Committee. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1672-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8922455

Lessons from Nuremberg 11. Friedmann T. Lessons from Nuremberg: ethical and social responsibilities for health care professionals, health care organizations, and medical journals. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):710-1; author reply 711-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9042836 Comment on: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1693-6. 12. Loftman B. Lessons from Nuremberg: ethical and social responsibilities for health care professionals, health care organizations, and medical journals. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):711; author reply 711-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9042838 Comment on: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81. 13. Vuylsteke KK. Lessons from Nuremberg: ethical and social responsibilities for health care professionals, health care organizations, and medical journals. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):711; author reply 711-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9042837 Comment on: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81.

14. Lippman M. The Nazi doctors trial and the international prohibition on medical involvement in torture. Loyola Los Angel Int Comp Law J. 1993 Feb;15(2):395-441. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11652301 15. Markman JR, Markman M. Running an ethical trial 60 years after the Nuremberg Code. Lancet Oncol. 2007 Dec;8(12):1139-46. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18054883 16. Marrus MR. The Nuremberg doctors' trial in historical context. Bull Hist Med. 1999 Spring;73(1):106-23. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10189729 17. Pellegrino ED. The Nazi doctors and Nuremberg: some moral lessons revisited. Ann Intern Med. 1997 Aug 15;127(4):307-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9265432

15 Bibliography on Medicine and the Holocaust

The Nuremberg Doctors’ Trial - Articles 18. Seidelman WE. Whither Nuremberg?: medicine's continuing Nazi heritage. Med Glob Surviv. 1995 Sep;2(3):148-57. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/14627017 19. Seidelman WE. Nuremberg lamentation: for the forgotten victims of medical science. BMJ. 1996 Dec 7;313(7070):1463-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8973236 20. Sparr LF, Bremner JD. Post-traumatic stress disorder and memory: prescient medicolegal testimony at the International War Crimes Tribunal? J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2005;33(1):71-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15809242 21. Weindling P. Human guinea pigs and the ethics of experimentation: the BMJ's correspondent at the Nuremberg medical trial. BMJ. 1996 Dec 7;313(7070):1467-70. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8973237 Comment in: BMJ. 1997 Feb 8;314(7078):440.

The Nuremberg Doctors’ Trial and the Nuremberg Code - Books 1. Conot, Robert E. Justice at Nuremberg: The First Comprehensive Dramatic Account of the Trial of the Nazi Leaders. Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., New York, NY, 1983. 2. Ehrenfreund, Norbert: The Nuremberg Legacy: How the Nazi War Crimes Trials Changed the Course of History. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2007. 3. Freyhofer, Horst H.: The Nuremberg Medical Trial: The Holocaust and the Origin of the Nuremberg Medical Code. Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., New York, NY, 2004. 4. Schmidt, Ulf: Justice at Nuremberg: Leo Alexander and the Doctors’ Trial. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2004. 5. Trials of the War Criminals before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law, No. 10, vols. 1-2, “The Medical Case.” Washington, D.C.: U.S.G. P.O., [1949-1953]. 6. Weindling, Paul Julian: Nazi Medicine and the : From Medical War Crimes to Informed Consent. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2004.

The Nuremberg Doctors’ Trial - Websites 1. About.com: 20th Century History The Doctors' Trial http://history1900s.about.com/library/holocaust/aa052998.htm 2. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The Doctors Trial: The Medical Case of the Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings http://www.ushmm.org/research/doctors/

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Articles 1. Anders E, Dubrovskis J. Who died in the Holocaust? Recovering names from official records. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 2003;17(1):114-38. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684094 2. Aronsfeld CC. "Perish Judah": Nazi Extermination Propaganda 1920-1945. Patterns Prejudice. 1978;12(5):17-26. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11619431 3. Bauer Y. Essay: On the place of the Holocaust in history. In honour of Franklin H. Littell. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1987;2(2):209-220. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11617155 4. Bauer Y. Genocide: was it the Nazis' original plan. Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 1980;450:35-45. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11631416 5. Bauer Y. Trends in holocaust research. Yad Vashem Stud Eur Jew Catastrophe Resist. 1977;12:7- 36. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11633669 6. Ben-Shlomo Y, Ben-Shlomo Z. Commentary: from links to bonds--what factors determined the survival of Jews during the holocaust? Int J Epidemiol. 2007 Apr;36(2):335-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17567646 Comment on: Int J Epidemiol. 2007 Apr;36(2):330-5. 7. Cohen AB, Malka A, Rozin P, Cherfas L. Religion and unforgivable offenses. J Pers. 2006 Feb;74(1):85-118. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16451227 8. Cohen D. Who was who? Race and Jews in turn-of-the-century Britain. J Br Stud. 2002;41(4):460- 83. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20707043 9. Connelly J. Nazis and Slavs: from racial theory to racist practice. Cent Eur Hist. 1999;32(1):1-33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20077627 10. DellaPergola S. Between science and fiction: notes on the demography of the Holocaust. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1996;10(1):34-51. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684103 11. Fine R. Cosmopolitanism and violence: difficulties of judgment. Br J Sociol. 2006 Mar;57(1):49-67. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16506996 12. Freeman M. The theory and prevention of genocide. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1991;6(2):185-99. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684112 13. Hunt R. "Holocaust" and the Nazi experience. Entering the future looking backwards. Hastings Cent Rep. 1978 Jun;8(3):5-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/352996 14. Kater MH. The burden of the past: problems of a modern historiography of physicians and medicine in Nazi Germany. Ger Stud Rev. 1987 Feb;10(1):31-56. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 15. Littell FH. Holocaust and genocide: the essential dialectic. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1987;2(1):95- 104. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11617153. 16. Ofer D, Greenwood N. Everyday life of Jews under Nazi occupation: methodological issues. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1995;9(1):42-69. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684105 17. Peiffer J. Phases in the postwar German reception of the "Euthanasia Program" (1939-1945) involving the killing of the mentally disabled and its exploitation by neuroscientists. J Hist Neurosci. 2006 Sep;15(3):210-44. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16887761 18. Severance G, Severance D. Pattern for genocide. New Engl J Hist. 2002-2003;59(2-3):42-69. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20191685 Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Articles 19. Tal U. On the study of the Holocaust and genocide. Yad Vashem Stud Eur Jew Catastrophe Resist. 1979;13:7-52. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11633675 20. Tych F. Witnesses of Shoah: the extermination of Jews in Polish diaries, memoirs and reminiscences. Biul Zydowskiego Inst Hist Pol. 1999;(4):3-18. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19434954 21. Unger S. Memories of the holocaust. Alpha Omegan. 2006 Mar;99(1):34-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16865853 22. van den Dungen P. Dr. Emil Flusser: forgotten precursor of the medical peace movement. Med Confl Surviv. 1996 Apr-Jun;12(2):90-106. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8925489 23. Wright R. Where are the bodies? In the ground. Public Hist. 2010 Feb;32(1):96-107. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20503917 24. Wünschmann K. Cementing the Enemy Category: Arrest and Imprisonment of German Jews in Nazi Concentration Camps, 1933-8/9. J Contemp Hist. 2010;45(3):576-600. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20845574.

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Books 1. Banki, Judith H and Pawlikowski, John T (Eds.): Ethics in the Shadow of the Holocaust: Christian and Jewish Perspectives. Sheed & Ward, Franklin, WI, 2001. 2. Blumentthal, David R: The Banality of Good and Evil: Moral Lessons from the Shoah & Jewish Tradition. Georgetown University Press, Washington, D.C., 2007. 3. Browning, Christopher R: Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland. HaprePerennial, New York, NY, 1993. 4. Browning, Christopher R: The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939-March 1942. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, NE, 20004. 5. Broyard, Bliss: One Drop: My Father’s Hidden Life—A Story of Race and Family Secrets. Little, Brown and Company, New York, NY, 2007. 6. Burleigh, Michael: Ethics and Extermination: Reflections on Nazi Genocide. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 1997. 7. Camus, Albert: Resistance, Rebellion, and Death. Vintage International, New York, NY, 1960. 8. Cargas, Harry James: Reflections of a Post-Auschwitz Christian. Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1989. 9. Cargas, Harry James: Shadows of Auschwitz: A Christian Response to the Holocaust. The Crossroad Publishing Company, New York, NY, 1992. 10. Carroll, James: Constantine’s Sword: The Church and the Jews. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY, 2001. 11. Chamberlain, Houston Stewart: The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century. Vols. I and II. John Layne Company, New York, NY, 1912. 12. Dalin, David G, and Rothman, John F: Icon of Evil: Hitler’s Mufti and the Rise of Radical Islam. Random House, New York, NY, 2008. 13. Dalrymple, Theodore: In Praise of Prejudice: The Necessity of Preconceived Ideas. Encounter Books, New York, NY, 2007. 14. Dawidowicz, Lucy S: The Holocaust and the Historians. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1981. 15. Dawidowicz, Lucy S: The War Against the Jews 1933-1945. Bantam Books, New York, NY, 1975. 16. Eisner, Will: The Plot: The Secret Story of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, NY, 2005. 17. Elias, Ruth: Triumph of Hope: From Theresienstadt and Auschwitz to Israel. John Wiley & Sons,

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Books Inc., New York, NY 1998. 18. Elon, Amos: The Pity Of It All: A Portrait of the German-Jewish Epoch 1743-1933. Picador, New York, NY, 2002. 19. Epstein, Leslie: King of the Jews. Summit Books, New York, NY, 1979. 20. Ericksen, Robert P and Heschel, Susannah (eds.): Betrayal: German Churches and the Holocaust. Fortress Press, Minneapolis, MN, 1999. 21. Feingold, Henry L: “Silent No More” Saving the Jews of Russia, The American Jewish Effort, 1967- 1989. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, 2007. 22. Fénelon, Fania: Playing for Time. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, 1997. 23. Finkielkraut, Alain: In the Name of Humanity: Reflections on the Twentieth Century. Columbia University Press, New York, NY, 2000. 24. Fleishman, Joel L: The Foundation: A Great American Secret. How Private Wealth is Changing the World. PublicAffairs, New York, NY, 2007. 25. Ford Sr., Henry: The International Jew: The World’s Foremost Problem (Vols. I-IV). CPA Book Publisher, Boring, OR, 1920. 26. Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe: Materials on the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung GmbH, Berlin, Germany, 2005. 27. Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe: Materials on the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe. Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, Berlin, Germany, 2005. 28. Frei, Norbert: Adenauer’s Germany and the Nazi Past: The Politics of Amnesty and Integration. Columbia University Press, New York, NY, 2002. 29. Friedländer, Saul. Nazi Germany and the Jews. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1997. 30. Garber, Robert A. (Ed.): Jews on Trial. KTAV Publishing House, Inc., Jersey City, NJ, 2005. 31. Glover, Jonathan: Humanity: A Moral History of the Twentieth Century. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1999. 32. Goldberg, Joshua: Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left from Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning. Doubleday, New York, NY, 2007. 33. Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah: Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. Vintage Books, New York, NY, 1996. 34. Gregor, Neil: How to Read Hitler. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, NY, 2005. 35. Gross, John: Shylock: A Legend & Its Legacy. Touchstone, New York, NY, 1992. 36. Gruber, Ruth: Exodus 1947: The Ship That Launched a Nation. Museum of Jewish Heritage, New York, NY, 1998. 37. Gusky, Jeffrey: Silent Places: Landscapes of Jewish Life and Loss in Eastern Europe. Overlook Duckworth, Woodstock, NY, 2003. 38. Heberer, Patricia and Matth¨qud, Jürgen (Eds.): Atrocities on Trial: Historical Perspectives on the Politics of Prosecuting War Crimes. University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 2008. 39. Herf, Jeffrey: Nazi Propaganda for the Arab World. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 2009. 40. Herf, Jeffrey: The Jewish Enemy: Nazi Propaganda During World War II and the Holocaust. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 2006. 41. Hilberg, Raul: Perpetrators, Victims, Bystanders: The Jewish Catastrophe 1933-1945. Harper Collins Publisher, Inc., New York, NY, 1992. 42. Hitler, Adolf: Mein Kampf. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY, 1971. 43. Hofstadter, Richard: Social Darwinism in American Thought. Beacon Press, Boston, MA, 1944. 44. Hogan, David J: The Holocaust Chronicle: A History in Words and Pictures. Publications International, Lincolnwood, IL, 2003. 45. Hollis, James: Why Good People Do Bad Things: Understanding Our Darker Selves. Gotham Books, New York, NY, 2007. 46. Holocaust Museum Houston: Ten Years: Remembrance. Education. Hope. Holocaust Museum Houston, Houston, TX, 2006. 47. Huxley, Adous: Brave New World and Brave New World Revisited. Harper Perennial, New York, NY, 1932, 1958.

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Books 48. Jeffreys, Diarmuid: Hell’s Cartel: IG Farben and the Making of Hitler’s War Machine. Metropolitan Books, New York, NY, 2008. 49. Jewish Museum Berlin: Stories of an Exhibition: Two Millenia of German Jewish History. Jewish Museum Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2005. 50. Jewish Museum Berlin: Stories ofan Exhibition: Two Millenia of German Jewish History. Stiftung Judisches Museum, Berlin, Germany, 2005. 51. Johnson, George: The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments. Vintage Books, New York, NY, 2008. 52. Karski, Jan: Story of a Secret State. Houghton, Mifflin Company, Boston, MA, 1944. 53. Kaufman, Robert G.: Henry M. Jackson: A Life in Politics. University of Washington Press, Seattle, WA, 2000. 54. Kerr, Philip: A Philosophical Investigation. Plume, New York, NY, 1992. 55. Klee, Ernst, Dressen,Willi, and Riess,Volker (Eds.): “The Good Old Days”: The Holocaust as Seen by Its Perpetrators and Bystanders. Konecky & Konecky, Old Saybrook, CT, 1988. 56. Koenigsberg, Richard A.: Hitler’s Ideology. Library of Social Science, Elmhurst, NY, 1975. 57. Koonz, Claudia: The Nazi Conscience. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2003. 58. Korczak, Janusz: Ghetto Diary. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 2003. 59. Kramer, Alan: Dynamic of Destruction: Culture and Mass Killing in the First World War. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2007. 60. Krass, Peter: Carnegie. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2002. 61. Large, David Clay (Ed.): Contending with Hitler: Varieties of German Resistance in the Third Reich. German Historical Institute, Washington, D.C., 1991. 62. Lebel, Jennie: The Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj-Amin el-Husseini and National Socialism. Cigoja stampa, Belgrade, Serbia, 2007. 63. Leff, Laurel: Buried by The Times: The Holocaust and America’s Most Important Newspaper. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 2005. 64. Levin, Ira: Dr. Cook’s Garden. Dramatists Play Service Inc., New York, NY, 1967. 65. Lewy, Guenter: The Catholic Church and Nazi Germany. Da Capo Press, Cambridge, MA, 2000. 66. Lifton, Betty Jean: The King of Children: The Life and Death of Janusz Korczak. St. Martin’s Griffin, New York, NY, 1988. 67. Lillenthal, Georg: Der “Lebensborn e.V.” Ein Instrument nationalsozialistischer Rassenpolitik. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2003. 68. Lindqvist, Sven: “Exterminate All the Brutes” One Man’s Odyssey into the Heart of Darkness and the Origins of European Genocide. The New Press, New York, NY, 1996. 69. Lipstadt, Deborah E: Beyond Belief: The American Press & the Coming of the Holocaust 1933- 1945. The Free Press, New York, NY, 1986. 70. LIttell, Franklin H (Ed.): Hyping the Holocaust: Scholars Answer Goldhagen. Merion Westfield Press International, Merion Station, PA, 1997. 71. Littell, Franklin H: The Crucifixion of the Jews: The Failure of Christians to Understand the Jewish Experience. Mercer University Press, Macon, GA, 1986. 72. Maguire, Peter: Law and War: An American Story. Columbia University Press, New York, NY, 2001. 73. Marsden, Victor E. (Translator): Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion. Liberty Bell Publications, York, SC, 2004. 74. Miller, Judith: One by One by One: Facing the Holocaust. Simon and Schuster, New York, NY, 1990. 75. Mitzner, David: Nesim All Around Me: The Life of David Mitzner as Told to Konstanty Gebert. Austeria, Krakow, Poland, 2004. 76. Müller, Ingo: Hitler’s Justice: The Courts of the Third Reich. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991. 77. Nelson, Eric: The Hebrew Republic: Jewish Sources and the Transformation of European Political Thought. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2010. 78. Nelson, Tim Blake: The Grey Zone: Director’s Notes and Screenplay. Newmarket Press, New York,

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Books NY, 2003. 79. Netanyahu, Benzion: The Origins of the Inquisition in Fifteenth Century Spain (Second Edition). The New York Review of Books, New York, NY, 1995. 80. Newman, Richard and Kirtley, Karen: Alma Rosé: Vienna to Auschwitz. Amadeus Press, Pompton Plains, NJ, 2003. 81. Novick, Peter: The Holocaust in American Life. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, NY, 1999. 82. Oney, Steve: And The Dead Shall Rise: The Murder of Mary Phagan and the Lynching of Leo Frank. Pantheon Books, New York, NY, 2003. 83. Orwell, George: Nineteen Eighty-Four. Harcourt Brace, Orlando, FL, 1983. 84. Overy, Richard: The Twilight Years: The Paradox of Britain Between the Wars. Viking, New York, NY, 2009. . 85. Phayer, Michael: The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930-1965. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN 2000. 86. Plato (Translated with an Introduction by Desmond Lee): The Republic. Penguin Books, New York, NY, 2003. 87. Platt, Anthony M and O’Leary, Cecilia E: Bloodlines: Recovering Hitler’s Nuremberg Laws, From Patton’s Trophy to Public Memorial. Paradigm Publishers, Boulder, CO, 2006. 88. Ponnuru, Ramesh: The Party of Death: The Democrats, The Media, The Courts, and the Disregard for Human Life. Regnery Publishing, Washington, D.C., 2006. 89. Power, Samantha: “A Problem from Hell” America and the Age of Genocide. Perennial, New York, NY, 2002. 90. Prager, Dennis and Telushkin, Joseph: Why the Jews? The Reason for Antisemitism. Touchstone, New York, NY, 2003. 91. Quasthoff, Thomas: The Voice: A Memoir. Pantheon Books, New York, NY, 2008. 92. Rafter, Nicole Hahn: Creating Born Criminals. University of Illinois Press, Chicago, IL, 1997. 93. Ragsdale, C.S.: Living Longer than Hate: A Story of Survival & Success. GanDale Associates, Houston, TX, 1997. 94. Rawica, Slavomir: The Long Walk: The True Story of a Trek to Freedom. The Lyons Press, New York, NY, 1956. 95. Rees, Laurence: Auschwitz: A New History. PublicAffairs, New York, NY, 2005. 96. Rigg, Bryan Mark: Hitler’s Jewish Soldiers: The Untold Story of Nazi Racial Laws and Men of Jewish Descent in the German Military. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2002. 97. Rohrlich, Ruby (Ed.): Resisiting the Holocaust. Berg, New York, NY, 1998. 98. Roseman, Mark: The Villa, The Lake, The Meeting: Wannsee and the Final Solution. Penguin Books, New York, NY, 2002. 99. Roth, Philip: The Plot Against America. Houghton Miffliln Company, New York, NY, 2004. 100. Rubinstein, Richard L: Jihad and Genocide. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Lanham, MD, 2010. 101. Rubinstein, Richard L: The Cunning of History: The Holocaust and the American Future. Perennial, New York, NY, 1975. 102. Rummel, R.J.: Death by Government. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ, 1994. 103. Rupke, Nicolaas A (Ed.): Science, Politics, and the Public Good: Essays in Honour of Margaret Gowing. Macmillan Press, London, England, 1988. 104. Rurup, Reinhard (ed.): Topography of Terror: Gestapo, SS and Reichssicherheitshauptamt on the “Prinz-Albrecht-Terrain”—A Documentation. Verlag Willmuth Arenhovel, Berlin, Germany, 1989. 105. Sanford, Nevitt and Comstock, Craig: Sanctions for Evil: Sources of Social Destructiveness. Beacon Press, Boston, MA, 1971. 106. Sanger, Margaret: The Pivot of Civilization. Humanity Books, Amherst, NY, 2003. 107. Schneier, Marc: Shared Dreams: Martin Luther King, Jr. & The Jewish Community. Jewish Lights Publishing, Woodstock, VT, 1999. 108. Schoenberner, Gerhard: The and the Genocide of the European Jews: Guide and Reader to the Permanent Exhibit in the House of the Wannsee Conference.

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Books Gedenkstatte Haus der Wannsee-Konferenz, Berlin, Germany, 2002. 109. Schoenfeld, Gabriel: The Return of Anti-Semitism. Encounter Books, San Francisco, CA, 2004. 110. Scholl, Inge: The White Rose: Munich 1942-1943. Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, CT 1970. 111. Shaw, George Bernard: The Doctor’s Dilemma: Preface on Doctors. Hard Press, Lexington, KY, 2006. 112. Shaw, George Bernard: The Doctor’s Dilemma. Digireads.com Publishing, Lawerence, KS, 2009. 113. Shelley, Mary: Frankenstein (Edited by J. Paul Hunter). W. W. Norton & Company, New York, NY, 1996. 114. Shur I, Littell F, Wolfgang M, eds. Reflections on the Holocaust. Special issue of Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. July 1980, Vol. 450. 115. Sloan, Jacob (Ed.): The Journal of Emmanuel Ringelblum. Schocken Books, New York, NY, 1958. 116. Sophocles: The Oedipus Cycle: Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone (Translated by Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald.) Harcourt, Inc. Orlando, FL, 1977. 117. Spencer, Herbert: Social Statics. Robert Schalkenbach Foundation, New York, NY, 1995. 118. Spotts, Frederic: Hitler and the Power of Aesthetics. The Overlook Press, Woodstock, NY, 2003. 119. Stein, Harry: Buchenwald Concentration Camp 1937-1945: A Guide to the Permanent Historical Exhibition. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen, Germany, 2004. 120. Stein, Joshua B: Our Great Solicitor: Josiah C. Wedgwood and the Jews. Associated University Presses, Cranbury, NJ, 1992. 121. Steinberger, Emil: Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea. AuthorHouse, Bloomington, IN, 2005. 122. Steiner, George: In Bluebeard’s Castle: Some Notes Towards the Redefinition of Culture. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1971. 123. Stoddard, Lothrop: The Revolt Against Civilization. Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, NY, 1922. 124. Stoetzler, Marcel: The State The Nation & The Jews: Liberalism and Antisemitism in Bismarck’s Germany. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, NE, 2008. 125. Stoltzenberg, Dietrich: Fritz Haber: Chemist, Nobel Laureate, German, Jew. Chemical Heritage Press, Philadelphia, PA, 2004. 126. Stoltzfus, Nathan: Resistance of the Heart: Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse Protest in Nazi Germany. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 2001. 127. Temchin, Michael: The Witch Doctor: Memoirs of a Partisan. Holocaust Publications, Inc., New York, NY, 1983. 128. Tokayer, Marvin and Swartz, Mary: The Fugu Plan: The Untold Story of the Japanese and the Jews During World War II. Gefen Publishing House, Jerusalem, IL, 2004. 129. Totten, Samuel, Bartrop, Paul R, and Jacobs, Steven Leonard (Eds.): Teaching about the Holocaust: Essays by College and University Teachers. Praeger, Westport, CT, 2004. 130. Totten, Samuel, Parsons, William S., and Charny, Israel W. (Eds): Century of Genocide: Eyewitness Accounts and Critical Views. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, NY, 1997. 131. Trachtenberg, Ellen Fishman (Ed.): Tattered Letters, Shattered Dreams: Collection of Leona Zagraniczna Trachtenberg. Holocaust Museum Houston, Houston, TX, 2005. 132. Waller, James: Becoming Evil: How Ordinary People Commit Genocide and Mass Killing. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2002. 133. Wedgwood, C.V.: The Last of the Radicals: Josiah Wedgwood, M.P. Jonathan Cape, London, Great Britain, 1974. 134. Weiss, Avraham: Spiritual Activism: A Jewish Guide to Leadership and Repairing the World. Jewish Lights Publishing, Woodstock, VT, 2008. 135. Weiss, David W: Reluctant Return: A Survivor’s Journey to an Austrian Town. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 1997. 136. Weiss, John: The Politics of Hate: Anti-Semitism, History, and the Holocaust in Modern Europe. Ivan R. Dee, Chicago, IL, 2003.

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Books 137. Wetzell, Richard F: Inventing the Criminal: A History of German Criminology 1880-1945 University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 2000. 138. Wiesenthal, Simon: The Sunflower: On the Possibilities and Limits of Forgiveness. Schocken Books, New York, NY, 1969. 139. Wood, E. Thomas and Jankowski, Stanislaw M: Karski: How One Man Tried to Stop the Holocaust. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1994. 140. Wooster, Martin Morse: Great Philanthropic Mistakes. Hudson Institute, Washington, D.C., 2006. 141. Wyman, David S: The Abandonment of the Jews: America and the Holocaust 1941-1945. Pantheon Books, New York, NY, 1984. 142. Yoo, John: Crisis and Command. Kaplan Publishing, New York, NY, 2009.

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Websites Israel Science and Technology - International Directory of Jewish Museums http://www.science.co.il/holocaust-museums.asp

Holocaust Museums. Below is a list of 25 Holocaust Museums around the United States plus 37 Holocaust museums in other countries. These institutions can provide additional resources including contacts with local who can speak to classes. Country City Museum Website 1. Argentina Buenos Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires Aires 2. Australia Melbourne Jewish Holocaust Museum and Research Center 3. Australia Sydney Sydney Jewish Museum - History of the Holocaust section 4. Austria Vienna Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service (Gedenkdienst) 5. Austria Vienna Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial 6. Belgium Mechelen Jewish Museum of Deportation and Resistence 7. Canada Montreal Montreal Holocaust Memorial Centre 8. Czech Rep. Terezin Holocaust Memorials in the Czech Republic 9. Czech Rep. Terezin Terezin Memorial 10. France Memorial Museum for Children of Izieu 11. France Paris Memorial de la Shoah 12. Germany Shoa.de 13. Germany Bad Bad Arolsen Holocaust Archives Arolsen 14. Germany Buchenwal Buchenwald Memorial d 15. Germany Dachau Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site 16. Germany Furstenbe Ravensbruck Women's Concentration rg Camp Memorial Museum 17. Germany Lohheide Bergen-Belsen Memorial 18. Germany Papenburg Document and Information Center of Emsland Camps 19. Germany Wannsee House of the Wannsee Conference 20. Hungary Budapest Budapest Holocaust Memorial Center 21. Israel Kibbutz Ghetto Fighters' House - http://www.gfh.org.il/Eng/ Lohamei Holocaust and Jewish Resistance Haghetaot Heritage Museum

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Websites Israel Science and Technology - International Directory of Jewish Museums http://www.science.co.il/holocaust-museums.asp

Holocaust Museums. Below is a list of 25 Holocaust Museums around the United States plus 37 Holocaust museums in other countries. These institutions can provide additional resources including contacts with local Holocaust survivors who can speak to classes. Country City Museum Website 22. Israel Jerusalem Yad Vashem - Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes Remembrance Memorial 23. Israel Kibbutz Massuah Institute for the Study of the Tel- Holocaust Yitzhak 24. Israel Kibbutz Beit Theresienstadt Givat Chaim 25. Japan Fukuyama Holocaust Education Center -City 26. Netherlands Digital Monument to the Jewish Community in the Netherlands 27. Netherlands Amsterda Anne Frank House m 28. Netherlands Amsterda Hollandsche Schouwburg, Dutch Theatre m used as deportation center for Jews of Holland 29. Netherlands Haarlem Corrie ten Boom Museum, "The Hiding Place" 30. Poland Lublin State Museum at Majdanek Concentration Camp 31. Poland Oswiecim Auschwitz Jewish Center Foundation 32. Poland Oswiecim Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum 33. Poland Rogoznica Gross-Rosen Concentration Camp Museum 34. Russia Moscow Russian Holocaust Foundation 35. South Africa Cape Cape Town Holocaust Centre Town 36. U.K. Laxton Holocaust Centre, Beth Shalom 37. U.K. London Imperial War Museum's Holocaust Exhibition 38. USA Albuquerqu New Mexico Holocaust and Intolerance http://www.nmholocaustmuseum.org e, NM Museum 39. USA Buffalo, NY Holocaust Resource Center http://www.holocaustcenterbuff.com/ 40. USA Chicago, IL Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education http://www.ilholocaustmuseum.org Center 41. USA Dallas, TX Dallas Holocaust Museum http://www.dallasholocaustmuseum.org 42. USA El Paso, TX El Paso Holocaust Museum and Study Center http://www.elpasoholocaustmuseum.org 43. USA Farmington Holocaust Memorial Center http://www.holocaustcenter.org Hills, MI 44. USA Houston, Holocaust Museum Houston http://www.hmh.org TX 45. USA Los Holocaust Monument http://www.laholocaustmonument.com Angeles, CA 46. USA Los Museum of the Holocaust http://www.lamuseumoftheholocaust.org Angeles, CA 47. USA Los USC Shoah Foundation Inst. for Visual History http://college.usc.edu/vhi Angeles, and Education CA 48. USA Los Simon Wiesenthal Center http://www.wiesenthal.com Angeles,

8 Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Websites Israel Science and Technology - International Directory of Jewish Museums http://www.science.co.il/holocaust-museums.asp

Holocaust Museums. Below is a list of 25 Holocaust Museums around the United States plus 37 Holocaust museums in other countries. These institutions can provide additional resources including contacts with local Holocaust survivors who can speak to classes. Country City Museum Website CA 49. USA Maitland, Holocaust Memorial Resource and Education http://www.holocaustedu.org FL Center 50. USA Miami Holocaust Memorial http://www.holocaustmmb.org Beach, FL 51. USA Naples, FL Holocaust Museum of Southwest Florida http://www.hmswfl.org 52. USA New Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust http://www.library.yale.edu/testimonies Haven, CT Testimonies 53. USA New York Anne Frank Center http://www.annefrank.com 54. USA New York Ioannina Greece http://www.kkjsm.org/holocaust 55. USA New York Museum of Jewish Heritage - Memorial to the http://www.mjhnyc.org/ Holocaust 56. USA Richmond, Virginia Holocaust Museum http://www.va-holocaust.com/ VA 57. USA San Holocaust Center of Northern California http://www.hcnc.org/ Francisco, CA 58. USA Spring Holocaust Museum and Study Center http://www.holocauststudies.org/ Valley, NY 59. USA St. Louis, Holocaust Museum and Learning Center http://www.hmlc.org/ MO 60. USA St. Peters- Florida Holocaust Museum http://www.flhm2.org/ burg, FL 61. USA Terre Candles Holocaust Museum and Education http://www.candlesholocaustmuseum.org/ Haute, IN Center 62. USA Washington United States Holocaust Memorial Museum http://www.ushmm.org/ DC

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust – Websites Israel Science and Technology – Holocaust: Databases http://www.science.co.il/Holocaust-Databases.asp Resource Website 63. A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust - Timeline, photographs, documents 64. Austrian Jewish Victims of the Holocaust 65. Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names 66. Database of Terezin prisoners 67. Global Directory of Holocaust Museums 68. Holocaust History Project - Online archive of documents, photographs, recordings, and essays about the Holocaust 69. Ioannina Greece Holocaust Victims 70. Memorial de la Shoah, Paris, France 71. National Committee for Attending Deportees (DEGOB), personal stories of Hungarian Holocaust survivors

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Websites 72. Academic Jewish Studies Internet Directory

9 Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Websites http://www.jewish-studies.com/ Academic Associations Libraries Archives Jewish Studies at Universities Research Institutes Other Internet Resources y 73. East Renfrewshire Council’s Holocaust Website http://www.eastrenfrewshire.gov.uk/holocaust.htm 74. Glossary of the Holocaust. Museum of Tolerance Online Multimedia Learning Center http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.asp?c=gvKVLcMVIuG&b=394665

H-Net Humanities & Social Sciences Online Discussion networks for professional scholars, primarily but not exclusively academic lists 75. H-Antisemitism Discussion Network http://www2.h-net.msu.edu/~antis/ 76. H-Genocide http://www2.h-net.msu.edu/~genocide/ 77. H-Holocaust Discussion Network. http://www2.h-net.msu.edu/~holoweb/

78. Holocaust and Genocide Studies http://hgs.oxfordjournals.org/ 79. Holocaust History Project http://www.holocaust-history.org/ 80. Holocaust & Antisemitism Links. MavenSearch: Jewish Web Directory http://www.maven.co.il/subjects.asp?S=178 81. Holocaust On Trial Public Broadcasting System http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/holocaust/ Timeline of Nazi Abuses The Director's Story Results of Death-Camp Experiments: Should They Be Used? Exposing Flawed Science 82. Holocaust Studies: A Journal of Culture and History http://www.vmbooksuk.com/acatalog/Journal_of_Holocaust_Studies.html 83. Holocaust Wing of the Jewish Virtual Library http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/holo.html 84. Museum of Tolerance – A Simon Wiesenthal Center Museum http://www.museumoftolerance.com 85. Education-Teacher Resources-Holocaust Resources http://www.museumoftolerance.com/site/c.tmL6KfNVLtH/b.5052467/k.4B6/Holocaust_Resources.ht m 86. Timeline of the Holocaust: 1933-1945 http://www.museumoftolerance.com/site/c.tmL6KfNVLtH/b.5879251/k.E0D1/Timeline_of_the_Holoc aust_19331945.htm 87. Virtual Exhibits http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.asp?c=gvKVLcMVIuG&b=394653 88. Dignity and Defiance: The Confrontation of Life and Death in the Warsaw Ghetto http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.aspx?c=ivKVLcMVIsG&b=476119 89. And I Still See Their Faces: Images of Polish Jews

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Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust - Websites http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.aspx?c=jmKYJeNVJrF&b=478527 90. Visas For Life: The Remarkable Story of Chiune & Yukiko Sugihara and the Rescue of Thousands of Jews http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.aspx?c=hkLTJ8MUKvH&b=475889 91. The Nizkor Project http://www.nizkor.org/ Auschwitz Alphabet: Doctors http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/camps/auschwitz/alphabet/doctors.html Injections http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/camps/auschwitz/alphabet/inject.html The Judge http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/camps/auschwitz/alphabet/judge.html X-rays http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/camps/auschwitz/alphabet/xray.html 92. Remembering: A Cybrary of the Holocaust http://www.remember.org/ 93. University of Minnesota - Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies http://www.chgs.umn.edu/ 94. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies. http://www.ushmm.org/research/ 95. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Holocaust Encyclopedia. Available online at: http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/ 96. Yad Vashem Studies http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_holocaust/studies/home_studies.html

Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust – Videos and Webcasts

1. Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. http://www.ushmm.org/research/collections/filmvideo/

2. The Ascent of Man – Knowledge or Certainty – Jacob Bronowski 1/6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lth1AmlDY9g&feature=related - 4:46 minutes:seconds 2/6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNlSY6VAsAA&feature=related - 9:00 minutes:seconds 3/6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pU0pgKx9i_Q&feature=related - 8:13 minutes:seconds 4/6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqhdJYT8myU&feature=related - 8:35 minutes:seconds 5/6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4BhkkGdMDg&feature=related - 7:12 minutes:seconds 6/6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7br6ibK8ic&feature=related - 6:34 minutes:seconds All 44:20 minutes:seconds

3. Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi State. Public Broadcasting System. http://www.pbs.org/auschwitz/

11 Cultural and Historical Context of the Holocaust

Art, Literature, Music, and the Holocaust - Websites 1. The Greatest Theft in History Educational Program. Agon Arts & Entertainment LLC, 2009. http://www.greatesttheft.com/media.php?id=5

Holocaust Denial and Revisionism - Books 1. LIpstadt, Deborah E: Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory. The Free Press, New York, NY, 1993. 2. Lipstadt, Deborah E: History on Trial: My Day in Court with David Irving. Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY, 2005. 3. Shermer, Michael, and Grobman, Alex. Denying History: Who Says The Holocaust Never Happened And Why Do They Say It? Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2000.

Holocaust Denial and Revisionism - Websites 1. Holocaust Denial. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/denial/

12 Academia and the Holocaust

Academia and the Holocaust - Articles

1. Brooks H. Can science survive in the modern age? Science. 1971 Oct 1;174(4004):21-30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17755684 2. Crabtree, David. Academic Freedom. McKenzie Study Center Institute of Gutenberg College. 2002. Available online at: http://www.mckenziestudycenter.org/education/articles/acadfree.html 3. Deichmann U. Chemists and biochemists during the National Socialist era. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2002 Apr 15;41(8):1310-28. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19750754 4. du Gay P. Is Bauman's bureau Weber's bureau?: a comment. Br J Sociol. 1999 Dec;50(4):575-87. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15270065 5. Ernst E. A leading medical school seriously damaged: Vienna 1938. Ann Intern Med. 1995 May 15;122(10):789-92. Erratum in: Ann Intern Med 1995 Nov 15;123(10):814. Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jul 15;149(2):147. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7717602 Erratum in: • Ann Intern Med 1995 Nov 15;123(10):814. • Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jul 15;149(2):147. Comment in: • Ann Intern Med. 1995 Dec 15;123(12):963; author reply 964. • Ann Intern Med. 1995 Dec 15;123(12):963-4. • Ann Intern Med. 1995 May 15;122(10):793-4. • Ann Intern Med. 1995 Dec 15;123(12):963; author reply 964. 6. Karabel, Jerome: The Chosen: The Hidden History of Admission and Exclusion at Harvard, Yale, and Princeton. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY, 2005. 7. Lerner, Barron H. In a Time of Quotas, a Quiet Pose in Defiance. New York Times. May 25, 2009. A version of this article appeared in print on May 26, 2009, on page D5 of the New York edition. Available online at: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/26/health/26quot.html 8. Maretzki TW. The documentation of Nazi medicine by German medical sociologists: a review article. Soc Sci Med. 1989;29(12):1319-30; discussion 1330-2. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2697944 9. Müller-Hill B. The blood from Auschwitz and the silence of the scholars. Hist Philos Life Sci. 1999;21(3):331-65. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11197188 10. On the 60th anniversary of the dismissal of Jewish Faculty members from the Vienna Medical School. Conferences held in Austria in 1998. [Article in English, German] [No authors listed] Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1998 Feb 27;110(4-5):113-205. English, German. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9634421 11. Schütz W. The Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna 60 years following Austria's annexation. Perspect Biol Med. 2000 Spring;43(3):389-96. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10893728 12. Seidelman WE. The legacy of academic medicine and human exploitation in the Third Reich. Perspect Biol Med. 2000 Spring;43(3):325-34. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10893722 13. Wieland-Burston J. The reception of Holocaust research in the world of psychology. J Anal Psychol. 2005 Sep;50(4):503-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16138838 14. Wikipedia. Jewish quota. May 2009. Available online at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_quota

Academia and the Holocaust

Academia and the Holocaust - Books 1. Deichmann, Ute: Biologists Under Hitler. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996. 2. Ludmerer, Kenneth M: Time to Heal: American Medical Education from the Turn of the Century to the Era of Managed Care. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 1999. 3. Norwood, Stephen H: The Third Reich in the Ivory Tower: Complicity and Conflict on American Campuses. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 2009. 4. Pringle, Heather: The Master Plan: Himmler’s Scholars and the Holocaust. Hyperion, New York, NY, 2006. 5. Steinweis, Alan E.: Studying the Jew: Scholarly Antisemitism in Nazi Germany. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2006. 6. Weinreich, Max: Hitler’s Professors: The Part of Scholarship in Germany’s Crimes Against the Jewish People. Second Edition. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1999.

Guidelines, Principles, and Oaths of Medical and Health Professions Ethics - 1. American Academy of Physician Assistants. Guidelines for Ethical Conduct for the Physician Assistant Profession, Introduction and Statement of Values of the Physician Assistant Profession http://www.aapa.org/advocacy-and-practice-resources/practice-resources/ethics 2. Guidelines for Ethical Conduct for the Physician Assistant Profession (Adopted 2000, amended 2004, 2006, 2007, and 2008) http://www.aapa.org/images/stories/Advocacy-Professional-Employment/19-EthicalConduct.doc 3. American Academy of Physician Assistants. Guidelines for Ethical Conduct for the Physician Assistant Profession. Available online at: http://www.aapa.org/advocacy-and-practice- resources/practice-resources/ethics [ Click on PDF document ] 4. American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Foundation; American College of Physicians (ACP) – American Society of Internal Medicine (ASIM) Foundation; European Federation of Internal Medicine. Medical professionalism in the new millenium: a physician charter. J Am Coll Surg. 2003 Jan;196(1):115-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12517563 Comment in: J Am Coll Surg. 2003 Jan;196(1):113-4. 5. American Medical Association (AMA) Code of Medical Ethics. Available online at: http://www.ama- assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics/code-medical-ethics/principles-medical- ethics.shtml 6. American Medical Association. General Medical Ethics Resources. Available online at: http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics.shtml 7. American Medical Association. Principles of Medical Ethics http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics/code-medical- ethics/principles-medical-ethics.shtml 8. Annas GJ. Human rights and health--the Universal Declaration of Human Rights at 50. N Engl J Med. 1998 Dec 10;339(24):1778-81. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9867552 9. Cox P. Codes of medical ethics and the exportation of less-than-standard care. Int J Appl Philos. 1999 Fall;13(2):177-85. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11833583

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Professional Oaths Administered at U.S. Health Professions Schools - Articles 1. Dickstein E, Erlen J, Erlen JA. Ethical principles contained in currently professed medical oaths. Acad Med. 1991 Oct;66(10):622-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1910408 2. Freitas, Robert A., Jr. Medical Ethics, Oaths, and Codes. The Foresight Institute. 2001-2002. Available online at: http://www.foresight.org/nanomedicine/Ethics.html 3. Gruenbaum SE, Jotkowitz AB. Content analysis of ethical codes written by medical students compared with other codes of medical ethics. Eur J Intern Med. 2009 Sep;20(5):e101-4. Epub 2008 Dec 16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19712826 4. Kao AC, Parsi KP. Content analyses of oaths administered at U.S. medical schools in 2000. Acad Med. 2004 Sep;79(9):882-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15326016 5. Lucia SP. The Lure Of Medical History: Invocatio Medici: Code of Fushi Ikai No Ryaku, Oath of Hippocrates, and Supplication of Maimonides. Cal West Med. 1929 Feb;30(2):117-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18740947 6. Schwartz AB, Peterson EM, Edelstein BL. Under oath: content analysis of oaths administered in ADA-Accredited Dental Schools in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. J Dent Educ. 2009 Jun;73(6):746-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19491352 7. Sohl P, Bassford HA. Codes of medical ethics: traditional foundations and contemporary practice. Soc Sci Med. 1986;22(11):1175-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3529416 8. Wenger NK, Weber MA, Scheidt S. Hippocrates, Maimonides, and End-of-Life Issues. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2004 Nov-Dec;13(6):291-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15538063 9. Yanofsky, Charles S. A Catalogue of Physician's Oaths http://www.pneuro.com/publications/oaths/ Oath of Hippocrates Physician's Oath The Loma Linda University Physician's Oath The Oath of Amatus The Physician's Oath and Prayer of Maimonides American Medical Association Code of Ethics (post- 1980) A Personal Perspective (My own Principles)

Hippocratic Oath

1. Bulger RJ, Barbato AL. On the Hippocratic sources of Western medical practice. Hastings Cent Rep. 2000 Jul-Aug;30(4 Suppl):S4-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11658243 2. Colvin BT. Why we do not need a Hippocratic Oath. Med Educ. 2003 Dec;37(12):1125-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14984120 3. Guillen DG. The Hippocratic Oath in the development of medicine. Dolentium Hominum. 1996;31(11th Yr. No. 1):22-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11655224 4. Kaplan KJ, Schwartz MB. Hippocrates, Maimonides and the doctor's responsibility. Omega (Westport). 1999-2000;40(1):17-26. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12577904 5. Miles SH. Hippocrates and informed consent. Lancet. 2009 Oct 17;374(9698):1322-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19847959 6. Nathanson V. Why we need a new Hippocratic Oath. Med Educ. 2003 Dec;37(12):1123-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14984119

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Professional Oaths Administered at U.S. Health Professions Schools - Articles 7. Orr RD, Pang N, Pellegrino ED, Siegler M. Use of the Hippocratic Oath: a review of twentieth century practice and a content analysis of oaths administered in medical schools in the U.S. and Canada in 1993. J Clin Ethics. 1997 Winter;8(4):377-88. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9503088 8. Shuster E. The Nuremberg Code: Hippocratic ethics and human rights. Lancet. 1998 Mar 28;351(9107):974-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9734958 9. Soled M. Aphorisms of Hippocrates. N J Med. 1991 Jan;88(1):33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2000185 10. Veatch RM. Should we study the Hippocratic Oath? J Clin Ethics. 1990 Winter;1(4):291-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11642839 11. Wagley PF. The Hippocratic Oath. Humane Med. 1987 Nov;3(2):110-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11649226

Maimonides Oath

1. Maimonides Oath Oath of Maimonides http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/rambam-oath.html The Physician's Oath and Prayer of Maimonides http://www.pneuro.com/publications/oaths/#ThePhysician'sOathandPrayerofMaimonides Definition of Oath of Maimonides http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7294 2. Bar-Sela A, Hoff HE. Maimonides' Interpretation of the First Aphorism of Hippocrates. Bull Hist Med. 1963 Jul-Aug;37:347-54. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14042778 3. Kaplan KJ, Schwartz MB. Hippocrates, Maimonides and the doctor's responsibility. Omega (Westport). 1999-2000;40(1):17-26. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12577904 4. Rosner F. The introduction of Maimonides to his "Commentary on the aphorisms of Hippocrates". Clio Med. 1976 Apr;11(1):59-64. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/60196

Abraham Flexner - Articles 1. Boelen C. A new paradigm for medical schools a century after Flexner's report. Bull World Health Organ. 2002;80(7):592-3. Epub 2002 Jul 30. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12163925; Full text available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567557/?tool=pubmed 2. Flexner A. Medical education in the United States and Canada. From the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, Bulletin Number Four, 1910. Bull World Health Organ. 2002;80(7):594-602. Epub 2002 Jul 30. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12163926; Full text available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567554/?tool=pubmed Comment in: • Bull World Health Organ. 2002;80(7):592-3.

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5 Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust

Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust - Articles 1. Barondess JA. Medicine against society. Lessons from the Third Reich. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1657-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8922452 Comment in: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):710. 2. Baten J, Wagner A. Autarchy, market disintegration, and health: the mortality and nutritional crisis in Nazi Germany, 1933-1937. Econ Hum Biol. 2003 Jan;1(1):1-28. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15463961 3. Beisel DR. Building the Nazi mindset. J Psychohist. 2010 Spring;37(4):367-74. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20503715 4. Billig M. Henri Tajfel's 'cognitive aspects of prejudice' and the psychology of bigotry. Br J Soc Psychol. 2002 Jun;41(Pt 2):171-88; discussion 195-202. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12133220 5. Bloxham D. Europe, the Final Solution and the dynamics of intent. Patterns Prejudice. 2010;44(4):317-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20857576 6. Blum HP. Dora's conversion syndrome: a contribution to the prehistory of the holocaust. Psychoanal Q. 1994 Jul;63(3):518-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7972587 7. Cocks G. Sick heil: self and illness in Nazi Germany. Osiris. 2007;22:93-115. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18175467 8. Demause L. The childhood origins of World War II and the Holocaust. J Psychohist. 2008 Summer;36(1):2-30; discussion 31-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: 9. Imhoff R, Banse R. Ongoing victim suffering increases prejudice: the case of secondary anti- semitism. Psychol Sci. 2009 Dec 1;20(12):1443-7. Epub 2009 Oct 21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19845891 10. Karay F. The social and cultural life of the prisoners in the Jewish forced labor camp at Skarzysko- Kamienna. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1994;8(1):1-27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684107 11. Langer LL. The alarmed vision: social suffering and Holocaust atrocity. Daedalus. 1996;125(1):47-65. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11608982 12. Lifton RJ. On the consciousness of holocaust. Psychohist Rev. 1980;9(1):3-22. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11611093 13. Light DW, Liebfried S, Tennstedt F. Social medicine vs professional dominance: the German experience. Am J Public Health. 1986 Jan;76(1):78-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3510052 14. Lisus NA, Ericson RV. Misplacing memory: the effect of television format on Holocaust remembrance. Br J Sociol. 1995 Mar;46(1):1-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7735724 15. Moses R, Moses-Hrushovski R. Some sociopsychological and political perspectives of the meaning of the Holocaust: a view from Israel. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1997;34(1):55-68. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9175343 16. Ofer D, Greenwood N. Everyday life of Jews under Nazi occupation: methodological issues. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1995;9(1):42-69. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684105 17. Peiffer J. Phases in the postwar German reception of the "Euthanasia Program" (1939-1945) Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust

Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust - Articles involving the killing of the mentally disabled and its exploitation by neuroscientists. J Hist Neurosci. 2006 Sep;15(3):210-44. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16887761 18. Schmolling P. Human reactions to the Nazi concentration camps: a summing up. J Human Stress. 1984 Fall;10(3):108-20. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/6394649 19. Severance G, Severance D. Pattern for genocide. New Engl J Hist. 2002-2003;59(2-3):42-69. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20191685 20. Shamai S, Yardeni E, Klages B. Multicultural education: Israeli and German adolescents' knowledge and views regarding the Holocaust. Adolescence. 2004 Winter;39(156):765-78. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15727413 21. Solomon Z. From denial to recognition: attitudes toward Holocaust survivors from World War II to the present. J Trauma Stress. 1995 Apr;8(2):215-28. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7627438 22. Staub E. Cultural-societal roots of violence. The examples of genocidal violence and of contemporary youth violence in the United States. Am Psychol. 1996 Feb;51(2):117-32. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8746147 23. Tammes P. Survival of Jews during the Holocaust: the importance of different types of social resources. Int J Epidemiol. 2007 Apr;36(2):330-5. Epub 2007 Mar 21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed Comment in: Int J Epidemiol. 2007 Apr;36(2):335-7. 24. Zukier H. The "Mindless Years"?: a reconsideration of the psychological dimensions of the Holocaust, 1938-1945. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1997;11(2):190-212. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684101

Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust - Books 1. Novick, Peter: The Holocaust in American Life. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, NY, 1999.

Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust - Websites

Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Studies - Articles 1. Benjamin LT Jr, Simpson JA. The power of the situation: The impact of Milgram's obedience studies on personality and social psychology. Am Psychol. 2009 Jan;64(1):12-9. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209959 2. Berkowitz L. Evil is more than banal: situationism and the concept of evil. Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 1999;3(3):246-53. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661675 3. Blass T. From New Haven to Santa Clara: A historical perspective on the Milgram obedience experiments. Am Psychol. 2009 Jan;64(1):37-45. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209963 4. Blass T. Psychological perspectives on the perpetrators of the Holocaust: the role of situational Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust

Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Studies - Articles pressures, personal dispositions, and their interactions. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1993;7(1):30-50. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684108 5. Bocchiaro P, Zimbardo PG. Defying Unjust Authority: An Exploratory Study. Curr Psychol. 2010 Jun;29(2):155-170. Epub 2010 May 2. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461226 6. Burger JM. Replicating Milgram: Would people still obey today? Am Psychol. 2009 Jan;64(1):1-11. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209958 7. Cave E, Holm S. Milgram and Tuskegee--paradigm research projects in bioethics. Health Care Anal. 2003 Mar;11(1):27-40. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14510307 8. Charny IW, Fromer D. The readiness of health profession students to comply with a hypothetical program of forced migration of a minority population. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1990 Oct;60(4):486-95. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2248360 9. De Vos, J. (2009) ‘Now That You Know, How Do You Feel? The Milgram Experiment and Psychologization’, Annual Review of Critical Psychology, 7, pp. 223-246. Available onine at: http://www.discourseunit.com/arcp/arcp7/arcp7devos.doc 10. Elms AC. Obedience Lite. Am Psychol. 2009 Jan;64(1):32-6. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209962 11. Herrera CD. Ethics, deception, and 'Those Milgram experiments'. J Appl Philos. 2001;18(3):245-56. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11981991 12. Herrera CD. Research ethics at the empirical side: Research Ethics: A Psychological Approach, edited by Barbara Stanley, Joan Sieber, and Gary Melton; Illusions of Reality: A History of Deception in Social Psychology, by James Korn. Theor Med Bioeth. 1999 Apr;20(2):191-200. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660620 13. Milgram, Stanley. The Perils of Obedience. No Date. Reprint of Harper’s Magazine article. Available online at: http://home.swbell.net/revscat/perilsOfObedience.html 14. Miller FG, Wendler D. Assessing the ethics of ethics research: a case study. IRB. 2004 Mar- Apr;26(2):9-12. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15069971 15. Miller AG. Reflections on "Replicating Milgram" (Burger, 2009). Am Psychol. 2009 Jan;64(1):20-7. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209960 16. Oliansky A. A confederate's perspective on deception. Ethics Behav. 1991;1(4):253-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11651141 17. Russell NJ. Milgram's obedience to authority experiments: Origins and early evolution. Br J Soc Psychol. 2010 Mar 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20334733 18. Son Hing LS, Bobocel DR, Zanna MP, McBride MV. Authoritarian dynamics and unethical decision making: high social dominance orientation leaders and high right-wing authoritarianism followers. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jan;92(1):67-81. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17201543 19. Twenge JM. Change over time in obedience: The jury's still out, but it might be decreasing. Am Psychol. 2009 Jan;64(1):28-31. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209961

Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Studies - Books 1. Milgram, Stanley: Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York, NY 1974. 2. Oliner, S. P., & Oliner, P. M. (1988). The altruistic personality—Rescuers of Jews in Nazi Europe: What led ordinary men and women to risk their lives on behalf of others? New York: Free Press. Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust

Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Studies – Videos and Webcasts 1. 1/3 ''Obedience'' Milgram's experiment (1962) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2PGnHHnRMk 2/3 ''Obedience'' Milgram's experiment (1962) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzYAdGl_0mA&feature=related 3/3 ''Obedience'' Milgram's experiment (1962) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSiMM_GIiyA&feature=related

2. Milgram's Obedience to Authority Experiment 2009 1/3 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BcvSNg0HZwk Milgram's Obedience to Authority Experiment 2009, 2/3 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzTuz0mNlwU Milgram's Obedience to Authority Experiment 2009, 3/3 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmFCoo-cU3Y

3. Milgram core study http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9rzA4Li0ig&feature=related

4. The Stanley Milgram Experiment - Obedience 1/5 http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5695875352844691386#

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment - Articles 1. Carnahan T, McFarland S. Revisiting the Stanford prison experiment: could participant self- selection have led to the cruelty? Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 May;33(5):603-14. Epub 2007 Apr 17. Erratum in: Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 Jun;33(6):911. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17440210 Erratum in: Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 Jun;33(6):911. Comment in: Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 May;33(5):615-22. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2009 Jun;35(6):807-14; author reply 815-8. 2. Haney C, Zimbardo PG. Persistent dispositionalism in interactionist clothing: fundamental attribution error in explaining prison abuse. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2009 Jun;35(6):807-14; author reply 815-8. Epub 2009 Apr 27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19398589 3. Haney C, Zimbardo P. The past and future of U.S. prison policy. Twenty-five years after the Stanford prison experiment. Am Psychol. 1998 Jul;53(7):709-27. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9699456 4. Haslam SA, Reicher S. Beyond the banality of evil: three dynamics of an interactionist social psychology of tyranny. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 May;33(5):615-22. Epub 2007 Apr 17. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17440199 5. Haslam SA, Reicher S. Debating the psychology of tyranny: fundamental issues of theory, perspective and science. Br J Soc Psychol. 2006 Mar;45(Pt 1):55-63. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16573872 6. Jackson LE, Gaertner L. Mechanisms of moral disengagement and their differential use by right- wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation in support of war. Aggress Behav. 2010 Jul;36(4):238-50. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20540162 7. Osofsky MJ, Bandura A, Zimbardo PG. The role of moral disengagement in the execution process. Law Hum Behav. 2005 Aug;29(4):371-93. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16133946 8. Reicher S, Haslam SA. Rethinking the psychology of tyranny: the BBC prison study. Br J Soc Psychol. 2006 Mar;45(Pt 1):1-40; discussion 47-53. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16573869 9. Turner JC. Tyranny, freedom and social structure: escaping our theoretical prisons. Br J Soc Psychol. 2006 Mar;45(Pt 1):41-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16573870 10. Zimbardo PG. On rethinking the psychology of tyranny: the BBC prison study. Br J Soc Psychol. 2006 Mar;45(Pt 1):47-53. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16573871

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment - Books 1. Zimbardo, Philip: The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil. Random House, New York, NY, 2007.

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment - Videos 1. Stanford Prison Experiment http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmwSC5fS40w&feature=related 2. Reicher and Haslam core study http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9WHay0x2t8&feature=mfu_in_order&list=UL

Rescuers - Articles 1. Satloff, Robert. The Holocaust's Arab Heroes. Washington Post (Outlook Section) Sunday, October 8, 2006. Available online at: http://www.forensic-psych.com/articles/artArabHeroes.php

Rescuers - Books 1. Oliner, Samuel P. and Oliner, Pearl M. The Altruistic Personality: Rescuers of Jews in Nazi Europe. New York (Macmillan/The Free Press): Samuel P. Oliner and Pearl M. Oliner, 1988.

Psychosocial Background of the Holocaust

Rescuers – Websites 1. The Jewish Foundation for the Righteous http://www.jfr.org/site/PageServer 2. Yad Vashem - The Righteous Among the Nations http://www1.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/index.asp 3. Visas For Life: The Remarkable Story of Chiune & Yukiko Sugihara and the Rescue of Thousands of Jews http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.aspx?c=hkLTJ8MUKvH&b=475889

Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations, and the Holocaust- Articles 1. Aptheker H. Racism and human experimentation. Polit Aff. 1974 Feb;53(2):46-59. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11662953 2. Baker R. Minority distrust of medicine: a historical perspective. Mt Sinai J Med. 1999 Sep;66(4):212- 22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477472 3. Bernier BL. Class, race, and poverty: medical technologies and socio-political choices. Harv Blacklett Law J. 1994;11:115-43. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656593 4. Braun L, Fausto-Sterling A, Fullwiley D, Hammonds EM, Nelson A, Quivers W, Reverby SM, Shields AE. Racial categories in medical practice: how useful are they? PLoS Med. 2007 Sep;4(9):e271. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17896853 5. Clark PA. A legacy of mistrust: African-Americans, the medical profession, and AIDS. Linacre Q. 1998 Feb;65(1):66-88. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660554 6. Francis CK. Medical ethos and social responsibility in clinical medicine. J Urban Health. 2001 Mar;78(1):29-45. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11368201 7. Gamble VN. A legacy of distrust: African Americans and medical research. Am J Prev Med. 1993 Nov-Dec;9(6 Suppl):35-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8123285 8. Hunt LM, Megyesi MS. Genes, race and research ethics: who's minding the store? J Med Ethics. 2008 Jun;34(6):495-500. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511627 9. Lillquist E, Sullivan CA. Legal regulation of the use of race in medical research. J Law Med Ethics. 2006 Fall;34(3):535-51, 480. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17144177 10. Luna F. Vulnerable populations and morally tainted experiments. Bioethics. 1997 Jul-Oct;11(3- 4):256-64. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11654779 11. McCarthy CR. Historical background of clinical trials involving women and minorities. Acad Med. 1994 Sep;69(9):695-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8074757 12. McGregor J. Racial, ethnic, and tribal classifications in biomedical research with biological and group harm. Am J Bioeth. 2010 Sep;10(9):23-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20818552 13. Richardson L. An old experiment's legacy: distrust of AIDS treatment. NY Times (Print). 1997 Apr 21:A1, B4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647198 14. Rothman DJ. Government guinea pigs. NY Times (Print). 1994 Jan 9:E21. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11646304 15. Seto B. History of medical ethics and perspectives on disparities in minority recruitment and involvement in health research. Am J Med Sci. 2001 Nov;322(5):248-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11876183 16. Seto B. History of medical ethics and perspectives on disparities in minority recruitment and involvement in health research. Am J Med Sci. 2001 Nov;322(5):248-50. Corrected and republished in: Am J Med Sci. 2001 Nov;322(5):248-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11721795 17. Smith C. African Americans and the medical establishment. Mt Sinai J Med. 1999 Sep;66(4):280-1. Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations, and the Holocaust- Articles PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477485 18. Voo TC. Editorial comment: the four principles and cultural specification. Eur J Pediatr. 2009 Nov;168(11):1389. Epub 2009 Mar 19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19296130 19. Wilkerson I. Blacks assail ethics in medical testing. NY Times (Print). 1991 Jun 3:A12. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11646860 20. Witzig R. The medicalization of race: scientific legitimization of a flawed social construct. Ann Intern Med. 1996 Oct 15;125(8):675-9. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8849153 Comment in: • Ann Intern Med. 1997 Apr 15;126(8):669-70. • Ann Intern Med. 1996 Oct 15;125(8):688-9.

Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations, and the Holocaust - Books 1. Bartlett, Bruce: Wrong on Race: The Democratic Party’s Buried Past. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2008. 2. Connerly, Ward: Creating Equal: My Fight Against Race Preferences. Encounter Books, San Francisco, CA, 2000. 3. Efron, John M: Defenders of the Race: Jewish Doctors & Race Science in Fin-de-Siècle Europe. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1994. 4. Ehrenreich, Eric: The Nazi Ancestral Period: Genealogy, Racial Science and the Final Solution. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IL, 2007. 5. Glass, James M: “Life Unworthy of Life”: Racial Phobia and Mass Murder in Hitler’s Germany. Basic Books, New York, NY, 1997. 6. Grant, Madison: The Passing of the Great Race or The Racial Basis of European History. Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, NY, 1916. 7. Graves, Joseph L Jr.: The Race Myth: Why We Pretend Race Exists in America. Plume, New York, NY, 2004. 8. Graves, Josheph L Jr.: The Emperor’s New Clothes: Biological Theories of Race at the Millenium. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 2001. 9. Higham, John: Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 1955. 10. Jaspin, Elliot: Buried in the Bitter Waters: The Hidden History of Racial Cleansing in America. Basic Books, New York, NY, 2007. 11. Schafft, Gretchen E: From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, IL, 2004. 12. Selden, Steven: Inheriting Shame: The Story of Eugenics and Racism in America. Teachers College Press, New York, NY, 1999. 13. Siemens, Hermann W. and Barker, Lewellys F.: Race Hygiene and Heredity. D. Appleton and Company, New York, NY, 1924. 14. Weindling, Paul: Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism 1870- 1945. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations - Websites 1. Nazi Colour Coding of Prisoners

2 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations - Websites http://www.eastrenfrewshire.gov.uk/holocaust/holocaust_remembrance_2004_- _holocausts/holocaust_remembrance_2004_- _the_nazi_holocaust/holocaust_remembrance_2004_-_colour_coding.htm 2. Nazi Colour Coding Chart http://www.eastrenfrewshire.gov.uk/holocaust/holocaust_remembrance_2004_- _holocausts/holocaust_remembrance_2004_- _the_nazi_holocaust/holocaust_remembrance_2004_-_colour_coding/colour_coding_chart.htm

Africans and African Americans - Articles

1. Braunstein JB, Sherber NS, Schulman SP, Ding EL, Powe NR. Race, medical researcher distrust, perceived harm, and willingness to participate in cardiovascular prevention trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2008 Jan;87(1):1-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18204365 2. Byrd WM. Race, biology, and health care: reassessing a relationship. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 1990 Winter;1(3):278-96. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2130908 3. Clark PA. A legacy of mistrust: African-Americans, the medical profession, and AIDS. Linacre Q. 1998 Feb;65(1):66-88. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660554 4. Dula A. African American suspicion of the healthcare system is justified: what do we do about it? Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 1994 Summer;3(3):347-57. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7994458 5. Dula A. Toward an African-American perspective on bioethics. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 1991 Fall;2(2):259-69. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 6. Erdös EG. Regarding "German science and black racism--roots of the Nazi Holocaust". FASEB J. 2008 Jun;22(6):1623; author reply 1623-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18519806 Comment on: FASEB J. 2008 Feb;22(2):332-7. 7. Haas F. German science and black racism--roots of the Nazi Holocaust. FASEB J. 2008 Feb;22(2):332-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18239065 Comment in: FASEB J. 2008 Jun;22(6):1623; author reply 1623-4. 8. Hammar L. The dark side to Donovanosis: color, climate, race and racism in American South venereology. J Med Humanit. 1997 Spring;18(1):29-57. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 9. Harawa NT, Ford CL. The foundation of modern racial categories and implications for research on black/white disparities in health. Ethn Dis. 2009 Spring;19(2):209-17. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19537235 10. Hermann DH. Lessons taught by Miss Evers' Boys: the inadequacy of benevolence and the need for legal protection of human subjects in medical research. J Law Health. 2000-2001;15(2):147-63. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12238320 11. Krieger N. Shades of difference: theoretical underpinnings of the medical controversy on black/white

3 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Africans and African Americans - Articles differences in the United States, 1830-1870. Int J Health Serv. 1987;17(2):259-78. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3294621 12. Patterson A. Germs and Jim Crow: the impact of microbiology on public health policies in progressive era American South. J Hist Biol. 2009 Fall;42(3):529-59. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027786 13. Wasserman J, Flannery MA, Clair JM. Raising the ivory tower: the production of knowledge and distrust of medicine among African Americans. J Med Ethics. 2007 Mar;33(3):177-80. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17329393 14. Whitfield L. Black plague. Posit Aware. 1997 Sep-Oct;8(5):40-3, 45-6. PubMed Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11364640

Africans and African Americans - Books 1. Carr, Firpo W: Germany’s Black Holocaust 1890-1945. Morris Publishing, Kearney, NE, 2003. 2. Kuhl, Stefan: The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, NY, 1994. 3. Larson, Edward J: Sex, Race, and Science: Eugenics in the Deep South. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1995. 4. Morais, Herbert M: The History of the Negro in Medicine. International Library of Negro Life and History. Publishers Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1967. 5. Roberts, Dorothy: Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty. Vintage Books, New York, NY, 1997. 6. Washington, Harriet A: Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present. Doubleday, New York, NY, 2006. 7. Woodward, C. Vann: The Strange Career of Jim Crow: A Commemorative Edition with a new Afterword by William S. McFeely. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2002.

Africans and African Americans - Websites

1. Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies. University of Minesota. http://www.chgs.umn.edu/webBib/links/h.html Herero Genocide in Namibia 1904 Imperialism and Genocide in Namibia, by Tom Sanders, Socialist Action. Namibia 1904, Peace Pledge Union. Namibia: European Genocide against the Herero The Herero Holocaust? The Disputed History Of The 1904 Genocide, by Jeremy Silvester, Werner Hillebrecht & Casper Erichsen. Germany urged to recognize "Herero genocide," afrol 2. Midwest Center for Holocaust Education’s Educator Forum Connections for Black History Month – February 16, 2010 http://holocausteducators.blogspot.com/2010/02/connections-for-black-history-month.html Jim Crow laws to the Nuremburg Laws. 3. Public Broadcasting System From Swastika to Jim Crow: Black-Jewish Relations Mulitple links and resources http://www.pbs.org/itvs/fromswastikatojimcrow/relations.html

4 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Africans Under the Nazis - Books 1. Lusane, Clarence: Hitler’s Black Victims: The Historical Experiences of Afro-Germans, European Blacks, Africans, and African Americans in the Nazi Era. Routledge, New York, NY, 2003.

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles 1. Alarcón GS. A reply to comments on sociocultural issues in clinical research: unraveling the Tuskegee syphilis study. Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Dec 15;47(6):691. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12522847 Comment on: Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Aug15;47(4):457-8. 2. Baker SM, Brawley OW, Marks LS. Effects of untreated syphilis in the negro male, 1932 to 1972: a closure comes to the Tuskegee study, 2004. Urology. 2005 Jun;65(6):1259-62. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15922414 3. Bates BR, Harris TM. The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis and public perceptions of biomedical research: a focus group study. J Natl Med Assoc. 2004 Aug;96(8):1051-64. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15303410 4. Becker GJ. Human subjects investigation: timeless lessons of Nuremberg and Tuskegee. J Am Coll Radiol. 2005 Mar;2(3):215-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17411802 5. Benedek TG, Erlen J. The scientific environment of the Tuskegee Study of Syphilis, 1920-1960. Perspect Biol Med. 1999 Autumn;43(1):1-30. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10701219 6. Benedek TG. "Tuskegee revisited". Hastings Cent Rep. 2002 Mar-Apr;32(2):4; author reply 4-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11998773 7. Benedek TG. The 'Tuskegee Study' of syphilis: analysis of moral versus methodologic aspects. J Chronic Dis. 1978 Jan;31(1):35-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/346597 8. Benson PR, Roth LH. Trends in the social control of medical and psychiatric research. Law Ment Health. 1988;4:1-47. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11655151 9. Bowman JE. Tuskegee as a metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47; author reply 49-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428699 10. Bozeman B, Slade C, Hirsch P. Understanding bureaucracy in health science ethics: toward a better institutional review board. Am J Public Health. 2009 Sep;99(9):1549-56. Epub 2009 Jul 16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19608947 11. Brandon DT, Isaac LA, LaVeist TA. The legacy of Tuskegee and trust in medical care: is Tuskegee responsible for race differences in mistrust of medical care? J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Jul;97(7):951-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16080664 12. Brandt AM. Racism and research: the case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Hastings Cent Rep. 1978 Dec;8(6):21-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/721302 13. Brawley OW. The study of untreated syphilis in the negro male. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan 1;40(1):5-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422551 Comment in: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan 1;40(1):1-2. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999 Mar 1;43(4):940-1. 14. Burnes Bolton L, Giger JN, Georges CA. Structural and racial barriers to health care. Annu Rev Nurs

5 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles Res. 2004;22:39-58. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15368767 15. Byman B. Out from the shadow of Tuskegee. Fighting racism in medicine. Minn Med. 1991 Aug;74(8):15-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 16. Caplan AL. Twenty years after. The legacy of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. When evil intrudes. Hastings Cent Rep. 1992 Nov-Dec;22(6):29-32. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1428845 17. Caplan AL, Annas GJ. Tuskegee as metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):48-9; author reply 49- 50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428702 18. Carmack HJ, Bates BR, Harter LM. Narrative constructions of health care issues and policies: the case of President Clinton's apology-by-proxy for the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. J Med Humanit. 2008 Jun;29(2):89-109. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256910 19. Carter VL, Sodeke SO, Turner T. Introduction. The 10th anniversary of the establishment of the Tuskegee University National Center for Bioethics in Research and Health Care. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2010 Aug;21(3 Suppl):1-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20675939 20. Cave E, Holm S. Milgram and Tuskegee--paradigm research projects in bioethics. Health Care Anal. 2003 Mar;11(1):27-40. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14510307 21. Cave VG. Proper uses and abuses of the health care delivery system for minorities with special reference to the Tuskegee syphilis study.?20V. J Natl Med Assoc. 1975 Jan;67(1):82-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1172785 22. Chadwick GL. Historical perspective: Nuremberg, Tuskegee, and the radiation experiments. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1997 Jan;3(1):27-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11363960 23. Clark PA. Prejudice and the medical profession. Racism, sometimes overt, sometimes subtle, continues to plague U.S. health care. Health Prog. 2003 Sep-Oct;84(5):12-23. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/14513752 24. Clearing the myths of time: Tuskegee revisited. [No authors listed] Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Mar;5(3):127. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15766640 Comment in: Lancet Infect Dis. 2006 Feb;6(2):62-3. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;5(8):467-8. 25. Cobb WM. The Tuskegee syphilis study. J Natl Med Assoc. 1973 Jul;65(4):345-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4728717 26. Compensation deadline drawing near for 23 duped in syphilis study. [No authors listed] Washington Post. 1979 Mar 12:A7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 27. Congress moves to toughen rules for clinical research. [No authors listed] Hosp Pract. 1973 Jun;8(6):150+. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11661149 28. Corbie-Smith G, Thomas SB, Williams MV, Moody-Ayers S. Attitudes and beliefs of African Americans toward participation in medical research. J Gen Intern Med. 1999 Sep;14(9):537-46. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10491242 29. Corbie-Smith G. The continuing legacy of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: considerations for clinical investigation. Am J Med Sci. 1999 Jan;317(1):5-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9892266 Comment in: Am J Med Sci. 1999 Jan;317(1):1-4. Am J Med Sci. 1999 May;317(5):353.

6 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles 30. Corbie-Smith G. Tuskegee as a metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47; author reply 49-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428700 31. Coughlin SS, Etheredge GD, Metayer C, Martin SA Jr. Remember Tuskegee: public health student knowledge of the ethical significance of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Am J Prev Med. 1996 Jul- Aug;12(4):242-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8874686 32. Cox JD. Paternalism, informed consent and Tuskegee. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan 1;40(1):1-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422549 Comment on: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan 1;40(1):5-8. 33. Curran WJ. The tuskegee syphilis study. N Engl J Med. 1973 Oct 4;289(14):730-1. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4727530 34. Curtis H. Getting ethics into practice: Tuskegee was bad enough. BMJ. 2004 Aug 28;329(7464):513; author reply 513. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15331485 Comment on: BMJ. 2004 Jul 17;329(7458):126. 35. Dawson E. The protection of human subjects: the Tuskegee study. Maxwell Rev. 1974 Spring;10(2):49-56. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11661960 36. Debate revives on the PHS syphilis study. [No authors listed] Med World News. 1974 Apr 19;15(16):37-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11662115 37. Des Jarlais DC, Stepherson B. History, ethics, and politics in AIDS prevention research. Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1393-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed Comment on: Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1498-505. Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1506-17. 38. Earl RR Jr. Sankofan socio-ethical reflections: the Tuskegee University National Bioethics Center's decade of operation, 1999-2009. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2010 Aug;21(3 Suppl):6-20. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20675941 39. Edgar H. Twenty years after. The legacy of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Outside the community. Hastings Cent Rep. 1992 Nov-Dec;22(6):32-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1428846 40. Exploring the "legacy" of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: a follow-up study from the Tuskegee Legacy Project. J Natl Med Assoc. 2009 Feb;101(2):179-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19378637 41. Fairchild AL, Bayer R. Uses and abuses of Tuskegee. Science. 1999 May 7;284(5416):919-21. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10357678 42. Francis CK. Medical ethos and social responsibility in clinical medicine. J Urban Health. 2001 Mar;78(1):29-45. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11368201 43. Francis CK. The medical ethos and social responsibility in clinical medicine. J Natl Med Assoc. 2001 May;93(5):157-69. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11405593 44. Freedman TG. "Why don't they come to Pike Street and ask us"?: Black American women's health concerns. Soc Sci Med. 1998 Oct;47(7):941-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9722113 45. Freimuth VS, Quinn SC, Thomas SB, Cole G, Zook E, Duncan T. African Americans' views on research and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Soc Sci Med. 2001 Mar;52(5):797-808. PubMed.

7 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11218181 46. Gamble VN. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study and women's health. J Am Med Womens Assoc. 1997 Fall;52(4):195-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9354052 47. Gamble VN. Under the shadow of Tuskegee: African Americans and health care. Am J Public Health. 1997 Nov;87(11):1773-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9366634 Comment in: Am J Public Health. 1998 Sep;88(9):1406. Am J Public Health. 1997 Nov;87(11):1765. 48. Goldner JA. An overview of legal controls on human experimentation and the regulatory implications of taking Professor Katz seriously. St Louis Univ Law J. 1993 Fall;38(1):63-134. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656325 49. Grunfeld GB. Dissimilarities between Tuskegee Study and HIV/AIDS programs emphasized. Am J Public Health. 1992 Aug;82(8):1176. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 50. Guinan ME. Black communities' belief in "AIDS as genocide". A barrier to overcome for HIV prevention. Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Mar;3(2):193-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8269075 51. Hiltner S. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study under review. Christ Century. 1973 Nov 28;90(43):1174-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11662609 52. Hood RG. The "slave health deficit:" the case for reparations to bring health parity to African Americans. J Natl Med Assoc. 2001 Jan;93(1):1-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12653374 53. Human guinea pigs: Congress considering limits. Congr Q Wkly Rep. 1973 Mar 10;31(10):519-22. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11662080 54. Humphreys M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. Ga Hist Q. 2001;85(2):333-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848071 55. Hutchinson JF, Sharp R. Karma, reincarnation, and medicine: Hindu perspectives on biomedical research. Genomic Med. 2008 Dec;2(3-4):107-11. Epub 2009 May 29. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19479363 56. Jones JH. The Tuskegee legacy. AIDS and the black community. Hastings Cent Rep. 1992 Nov- Dec;22(6):38-40. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1428848 57. Kampmeier RH. Final report on the "Tuskegee syphilis study". South Med J. 1974 Nov;67(11):1349- 53. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4610772 58. Kampmeier RH. The Tuskegee study of untreated syphilis. South Med J. 1972 Oct;65(10):1247-51. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5074095 59. Katz RV, Green BL, Kressin NR, James SA, Wang MQ, Claudio C, Russell SL. Exploring the "legacy" of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: a follow-up study from the Tuskegee Legacy Project. J Natl Med Assoc. 2009 Feb;101(2):179-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19378637 60. Katz RV, Green BL, Kressin NR, Kegeles SS, Wang MQ, James SA, Russell SL, Claudio C, McCallum JM. The legacy of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: assessing its impact on willingness to participate in biomedical studies. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2008 Nov;19(4):1168-80. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19029744 61. Katz RV, Jean-Charles G, Green BL, Kressin NR, Claudio C, Wang M, Russell SL, Outlaw J. Identifying the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: implications of results from recall and recognition questions. BMC Public Health. 2009 Dec 16;9:468. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20015361 62. Katz RV, Kegeles SS, Kressin NR, Green BL, James SA, Wang MQ, Russell SL, Claudio C.

8 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles Awareness of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the US presidential apology and their influence on minority participation in biomedical research. Am J Public Health. 2008 Jun;98(6):1137-42. Epub 2007 Sep 27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901437 63. Katz RV, Kegeles SS, Green BL, Kressin NR, James SA, Claudio C. The Tuskegee Legacy Project: history, preliminary scientific findings, and unanticipated societal benefits. Dent Clin North Am. 2003 Jan;47(1):1-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12519002 64. Katz RV, Kegeles SS, Kressin NR, Green BL, Wang MQ, James SA, Russell SL, Claudio C. The Tuskegee Legacy Project: willingness of minorities to participate in biomedical research. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2006 Nov;17(4):698-715. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17242525 65. King PA. Twenty years after. The legacy of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. The dangers of difference. Hastings Cent Rep. 1992 Nov-Dec;22(6):35-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1428847 66. Kirp DL. Blood, sweat, and tears: the Tuskegee experiment and the era of AIDS. Tikkun. 1995 May- Jun;10(3):50-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11657135 67. Lambert CC. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. Fla Hist Q. 2001;80(2):260-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848069 68. Linton O. American study of lifetime effects of syphilis ends in 1.8 billion dollar lawsuit. Can Med Assoc J. 1973 Sep 1;109(5):410-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4742480 69. Lombardo PA, Dorr GM. Eugenics, medical education, and the Public Health Service: Another perspective on the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. Bull Hist Med. 2006 Summer;80(2):291-316. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809865 70. Lurie P, Wolfe SM. Tuskegee as a metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47-8; author reply 49- 50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428701 71. MacDonald CJ. Communications: The contribution of the Tuskegee study to medical knowledge. J Natl Med Assoc. 1974 Jan;66(1):1-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4461825 72. McCallum JM, Arekere DM, Green BL, Katz RV, Rivers BM. Awareness and knowledge of the U.S. Public Health Service syphilis study at Tuskegee: implications for biomedical research. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2006 Nov;17(4):716-33. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17242526 73. Mintz M, Cohen JS. Human guinea pigs. Progressive. 1976 Dec;40(12):32-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11664704 74. Mitchell A. Survivors of Tuskegee study get apology from Clinton. NY Times (Print). 1997 May 17:10. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647214 75. Morman ET. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. J Am Hist. 2001;88(3):1130-1. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848070 76. Olansky S, Simpson L, Schuman SH. Environmental factors in the Tuskegee study of untreated syphilis. Public Health Rep. 1954 Jul;69(7):691-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13177831 77. Pace BP, Sullivan-Fowler M. JAMA 21 years ago: Panel discusses ethics of studies on humans -- especially the poor Proposed compensations for Tuskegee Study men. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1692. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644855 78. Pace BP, Sullivan-Fowler M. JAMA 21 years ago: Panel discusses ethics of studies on humans --

9 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles especially the poor Proposed compensations for Tuskegee Study men. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1692. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644855 79. Pitcock Cde H. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. J South Hist. 2002;68(2):493-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848068 80. Pressel DM. Nuremberg and Tuskegee: lessons for contemporary American medicine. J Natl Med Assoc. 2003 Dec;95(12):1216-25. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14717481 81. Prograis LJ Jr. Tuskegee Bioethics Center 10th anniversary presentation: "Commemorating 10 years: ethical perspectives on origin and destiny". J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2010 Aug;21(3 Suppl):21-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20675942 82. Raspberry W. Shades of Tuskegee. Washington Post. 1997 Sep 22:A19. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647253 83. Reverby SM. Invoking "Tuskegee": problems in health disparities, genetic assumptions, and history. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2010 Aug;21(3 Suppl):26-34. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20675943 84. Reverby SM. "Misrepresentations of the Tuskegee Study"--distortion of anallysis and facts? J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Aug;97(8):1180-1. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16173338 Comment in: J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Dec;97(12):1729-31. Comment on: J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Apr;97(4):564-81. 85. Reverby SM. More than fact and fiction. Cultural memory and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Hastings Cent Rep. 2001 Sep-Oct;31(5):22-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12974115 86. Reverby SM. Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Nurse Rivers, silence and the meaning of treatment. Nurs Hist Rev. 1999;7:3-28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10063364 87. Reverby SM. "Special treatment": BiDil, Tuskegee, and the logic of race. J Law Med Ethics. 2008 Fall;36(3):478-84. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18840239 88. Reverby SM. Tuskegee: could it happen again? Postgrad Med J. 2001 Sep;77(911):553-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11524509 89. Richardson L. An old experiment's legacy: distrust of AIDS treatment. NY Times (Print). 1997 Apr 21:A1, B4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647198 90. Rockwell DH, Yobs AR, Moore MB Jr. The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis; the 30th Year of Observation. Arch Intern Med. 1964 Dec;114:792-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14211593 91. Rothman DJ. Were Tuskegee & Willowbrook 'studies in nature'? Hastings Cent Rep. 1982 Apr;12(2):5-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 92. Roy B. The Julius Rosenwald Fund syphilis seroprevalence studies. J Natl Med Assoc. 1996 May;88(5):315-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8667443 93. Roy B. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment: biotechnology and the administrative state. J Natl Med Assoc. 1995 Jan;87(1):56-67. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7869408 94. Roy B. The Tuskegee syphilis experiment: medical ethics, constitutionalism, and property in the body. Harv J Minor Public Health. 1995 Fall-Winter;1(1):11-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:

10 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11656513 95. Rusert B. "A study in nature": the Tuskegee experiments and the New South plantation. J Med Humanit. 2009 Sep;30(3):155-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19603260 96. Scharff DP, Mathews KJ, Jackson P, Hoffsuemmer J, Martin E, Edwards D. More than Tuskegee: understanding mistrust about research participation. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2010 Aug;21(3):879-97. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20693733 97. Schmidt TA. The legacy of the Tuskegee syphilis experiments for emergency exception from informed consent. Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Jan;41(1):79-81. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12514686. Comment in: Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Sep;42(3):430-1; author reply 431. Comment on: Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Jan;41(1):72-8. 98. Schuman SH, Olansky S, Rivers E, Smith CA, Rambo DS. Untreated syphilis in the male negro; background and current status of patients in the Tuskegee study. J Chronic Dis. 1955 Nov;2(5):543- 58. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 99. Shafer JK, Usilton LJ, Gleeson GA. Untreated syphilis in the male Negro. 1954. Public Health Rep. 2006;121 Suppl 1:235-41; discussion 234. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16550784 100. Shamoo AE, Irving DN. Accountability in research using persons with mental illness. Account Res. 1993;3(1):1-17. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11659726 101. Shavers VL, Lynch CF, Burmeister LF. Factors that influence African-Americans'willingness to participate in medical research studies. Cancer. 2001 Jan 1;91(1 Suppl):233-6. Erratum in: Cancer 2001 Mar 15;91(6):1187. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11148585 102. Shavers VL, Lynch CF, Burmeister LF. Knowledge of the Tuskegee study and its impact on the willingness to participate in medical research studies. J Natl Med Assoc. 2000 Dec;92(12):563-72. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11202759 103. Shavers VL, Lynch CF, Burmeister LF. Racial differences in factors that influence the willingness to participate in medical research studies. Ann Epidemiol. 2002 May;12(4):248-56. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11988413 104. Shavers-Hornaday VL, Lynch CF, Burmeister LF, Torner JC. Why are African Americans under- represented in medical research studies? Impediments to participation. Ethn Health. 1997 Mar- Jun;2(1-2):31-45. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9395587 105. Silver GA. The infamous Tuskegee Study. Am J Public Health. 1988 Nov;78(11):1500. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3177737 106. Stebbing J, Bower M. Lessons for HIV from Tuskegee. J HIV Ther. 2004 Sep;9(3):50-2. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15534560 107. Stout D. Clinton to express regret for experiment on blacks. NY Times (Print). 1997 Apr 9:B8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647209 108. Stryker J. Tuskegee's long arm still touches a nerve. NY Times (Print). 1997 Apr 13:E4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647200 109. Talone P. Establishing trust after Tuskegee. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan 1;40(1):3-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422550 110. Taylor MB. Tuskegee revisited. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;5(8):467-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16048714 Comment in: Lancet Infect Dis. 2006 Feb;6(2):62-3. Comment on:

11 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Mar;5(3):127. 111. The Tuskegee study. [No authors listed] J Okla State Med Assoc. 1973 Feb;66(2):47-51 passim. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4739446 112. Thomas SB, Curran JW. Tuskegee: from science to conspiracy to metaphor. Am J Med Sci. 1999 Jan;317(1):1-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9892265 Comment in: Am J Med Sci. 1999 May;317(5):353. Comment on: Am J Med Sci. 1999 Jan;317(1):5-8. 113. Thomas SB, Quinn SC. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932 to 1972: implications for HIV education and AIDS risk education programs in the black community. Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1498-505. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1951814 114. Treponemes and Tuskegee. [No authors listed] Lancet. 1973 Jun 23;1(7817):1438. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4122999

Tuskegee as a Metaphor 115. Bowman JE. Tuskegee as a metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47; author reply 49-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428699 116. Corbie-Smith G. Tuskegee as a metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47; author reply 49-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428700 117. Lurie P, Wolfe SM. Tuskegee as a metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47-8; author reply 49- 50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428701 118. Caplan AL, Annas GJ. Tuskegee as metaphor. Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):48-9; author reply 49-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428702

119. Tuskegee: poor science, worse ethics. [No authors listed] Hosp Pract. 1973 Jun;8(6):158+. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11661150

Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study 120. Reverby SM. Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Nurse Rivers, silence and the meaning of treatment. Nurs Hist Rev. 1999;7:3-28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10063364 121. Pitcock Cde H. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. J South Hist. 2002;68(2):493-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848068 122. Lambert CC. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. Fla Hist Q. 2001;80(2):260-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848069 123. Morman ET. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. J Am Hist. 2001;88(3):1130-1. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848070 124. Humphreys M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. [Review of: Reverby, S.M. Tuskegee's truths: rethinking the Tuskegee syphilis study. Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Pr., 2000]. Ga Hist Q. 2001;85(2):333-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16848071

125. Vessey JA, Gennaro S. The ghost of Tuskegee. Nurs Res. 1994 Mar-Apr;43:67. PubMed. No

12 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11654248 126. Vessey JA, Gennaro S. The ghost of Tuskegee. Nurs Res. 1994 Mar-Apr;43(2):67. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8152939 Comment in: Nurs Res. 1994 May-Jun;43(3):132.

127. Waugh PJ. Getting ethics into practice: comparing Alder Hey with Tuskegee is not helpful. BMJ. 2004 Aug 28;329(7464):513; author reply 513. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15331486 Comment on: BMJ. 2004 Jul 17;329(7458):126. 128. Weijer C. Another Tuskegee? Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jul;61(1 Suppl):1-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10432040 Comment on: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jul;61(1 Suppl):44-8. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jul;61(1 Suppl):4-19. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jul;61(1 Suppl):20-35. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jul;61(1 Suppl):36-43. 129. Weinstein M. A public culture for guinea pigs: US human research subjects after the Tuskegee study. Sci Cult (Lond). 2001 Jun;10(2):195-223. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15971362 130. White RM. Challenges in a narrative about the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis. J Transcult Nurs. 2008 Apr;19(2):105-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362205 Comment on: J Transcult Nurs. 2007 Jul;18(3):286-91. 131. White RM. Comments about the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Jul 15;106(2):293. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20599019 Comment on: Am J Cardiol. 2009 Dec 1;104(11):1578-87. 132. White RM. Effects of untreated syphilis in the negro male, 1932 to 1972: a closure comes to the Tuskegee study, 2004. Urology. 2006 Mar;67(3):654. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16527598 133. White RM. Grand Dragon or windmill: why I opposed the Presidential apology for the Tuskegee Study. J Natl Med Assoc. 1997 Nov;89(11):719-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9375474 134. White RM. Misinformation and misbeliefs in the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis fuel mistrust in the healthcare system. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Nov;97(11):1566-73. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16334509 135. White RM. Misrepresentations of the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Dec;97(12):1729-31. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16396069 Comment on: J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Apr;97(4):564-81. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Aug;97(8):1180-1. 136. White RM. Sociocultural issues in clinical research: unraveling the Tuskegee syphilis study. Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Aug;47(4):457-8. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12209496 137. White RM. The Tuskegee syphilis study. Hastings Cent Rep. 2002 Nov-Dec;32(6):4-5; author reply 5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12494853 138. White RM. The Tuskegee syphilis study and consent. Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Sep;42(3):430-1; author reply 431. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:

13 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12956140 Comment on: Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Jan;41(1):79-81. 139. White RM. The Tuskegee study of untreated syphilis revisited. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006 Feb;6(2):62- 3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16439319 Comment on: Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;5(8):467-8. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Mar;5(3):127. 140. White RM. Unraveling the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Mar 13;160(5):585-98. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10724044 141. Whitfield L. Black plague. Posit Aware. 1997 Sep-Oct;8(5):40-3, 45-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11364640 142. Wolinsky H. Steps still being taken to undo damage of "America's Nuremberg". Ann Intern Med. 1997 Aug 15;127(4):I43-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9454520 143. Yankauer A. The neglected lesson of the Tuskegee study. Am J Public Health. 1998 Sep;88(9):1406. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9736890 Comment on: Am J Public Health. 1997 Nov;87(11):1773-8.

Tuskegee Syphilis Study – Books 1. Jones, James H: Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. The Free Press, New York, NY, 1981. 2. Reverby, Susan M. Tuskegee's Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, University of North Carolina Press, 2000.

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Websites 1. Internet Resources on the Tuskeegee Study http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~shale/humanities/composition/assignments/experiment/tuskegee.html

China and Chinese Americans - Articles 1. Amnesty International USA. Thousands at risk of forced sterilization in China. 22 April 2010. Available online at: http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?id=ENGNAU2010042216407&lang=e 2. Guo Z. Chinese Confucian culture and the medical ethical tradition. J Med Ethics. 1995 Aug;21(4):239-46. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7473645 3. Peng R. How professional values are developed and applied in medical practice in China. Hastings Cent Rep. 2000 Jul-Aug;30(4 Suppl):S23-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11658238

14 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

China and Chinese Americans - Articles 4. Penney M. Far from Oblivion: the Nanking Massacre in Japanese historical writing for children and young adults. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 2008;22(1):25-48. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20681109 5. Sheridan, Michael. Women rebel over forced abortions: Anger at the regime's extreme birth control regime is growing. The Times/The Sunday Times. February 15, 2009. Available online at: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article5733835.ece 6. Zhang D, Cheng Z. Medicine is a humane art: the basic principles of professional ethics in Chinese medicine. Hastings Cent Rep. 2000 Jul-Aug;30(4 Suppl):S8-12. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11658246

China and Chinese Americans - Books 1. Pfaelzer, Jean: Driven Out: The Forgotten War Against Chinese Americans. Random House, New York, NY, 2007.

People with Disabilities - Articles 1. Davis WS. Disability and bioethics: removing barriers to understanding and setting the agenda for a new conversation. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):64-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954606 2. DeRenzo EG. Decisionally impaired persons in research: refining the proposed refinements. J Law Med Ethics. 1997 Summer-Fall;25(2-3):139-49, 83. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11066488 3. Dugan JC. The conflict between "disabling" and "enabling" paradigms in law: sterilization, the developmentally disabled, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Cornell Law Rev. 1993 Mar;78(3):507-42. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659683 4. Garcia SA. Disability: societal responses to difference and interdisciplinary interventions by bioethicists. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):62-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954605 5. Haimowitz S. Disability matters: differences and rights. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):53-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954599 6. Herissone-Kelly P. Bioethics in the United Kingdom: genetic screening, disability rights, and the erosion of trust. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2003 Summer;12(3):235-41. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12889326 7. Knifton C. Non-consensual sterilization of the adult with learning disabilities. Br J Nurs. 1998 Oct 22- Nov 11;7(19):1172-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9866467 8. Kuczewski MG. Disability: an agenda for bioethics. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):36-44. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954592 9. Kuczewski M, Kirschner K. Special issue: Bioethics & disability. Theor Med Bioeth. 2003;24(6):455-8. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14750542 10. Parens E. How long has this been going on? Disability issues, disability studies, and bioethics. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):54-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954600 11. Petersen TS. Just diagnosis? Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and injustices to disabled people. J Med Ethics. 2005 Apr;31(4):231-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15800365

15 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

People with Disabilities - Articles 12. Powers M. Some reflections on disability and bioethics. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):51-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954598 13. Wasserman D. Bioethics and disability: what's health got to do with it? Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):59-60. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954603

People with Disabilities - Books 1. Evans, Suzanne E: Forgotten Crimes: The Holocaust and People with Disabilities. Ivan R. Dee, Chicago, IL, 2004.

People with Disabilities – Websites 1. Nazi Extermination of People with Mental Disabilities Jewish Virtual Library http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/mental_disabilities.html 2. Nazi Persecution of the Mentally and Physically Disabled Jewish Virtual Library http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/disabled.html

People with Disabilities – Videos and Webcasts

1. iNSiGHTS: Understanding Our World: The Continuing iMPACT of the Holocaust

Legitimizing The Unthinkable: A Disability Rights Perspective On Nazi Medicine With Harriet Mcbryde Johnson Nazi science and medicine focused on eliminating both physical and mental impairments, real and perceived, as part of the path to "racial purity." Eugenics-based sterilization policies in Germany and throughout the world as well as the Nazis' so-called "euthanasia" program were often justified by physicians and scientists as relieving individual suffering while contributing to the "greater good." Renowned author, advocate, and attorney Harriet McBryde Johnson brought a disability rights perspective to bear on issues raised by the Museum's Deadly Medicine exhibition. http://www.ushmm.org/museum/publicprograms/programs/insights/2006/tv/#01-medical_ethics

Listen To Full Program > View C-Span2 Book Tv Video Of The Complete March 29 Event Questions About Language Reaction To The Phrase "Wheelchair-Bound" Protesting Telethons The Concept Of Cure

16 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Johnson's Response To Deadly Medicine Institutionalization Reading From Johnson's Book

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2. Medical Ethics http://www.ushmm.org/museum/publicprograms/programs/insights/2006/show_video.php?category=01- medical_ethics&content=2006-03-09&addl=johnson_cure¬popup=y

Legitimizing the Unthinkable

During the early 20th Century, advocates of eugenics throughout the western world argued that the use of modern medicine and costly welfare programs to keep people with disabilities alive allowed the "unfit" to reproduce and contributed to the "degeneration" of society. Once Hitler took power in Germany 1933, scientists and medical proponents of eugenics legitimized the Nazis' racist ideology and subsequent murderous policies.

We are faced today with many ethical questions about the legitimate uses of medicine and science. During the "Legitimizing the Unthinkable" program, Joan Ringelheim posed the question of "cure" to Harriet McBryde Johnson.

View video of Harriet McBryde Johnson's response to Joan Ringelheim's question. Johnson's concluding statement -- "Does that make sense?" -- points to the complexity of defining disability, identity, the role of medicine, and the concept of cure in society today. Who should decide what needs a cure?

3. U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum Editors What Is A "Disability?" - replies: 21 Who Should Decide What Needs A Cure? - replies: 19

Ethnic Cleansing - Articles

1. Blum R, Stanton GH, Sagi S, Richter ED. 'Ethnic cleansing' bleaches the atrocities of genocide. Eur J Public Health. 2008 Apr;18(2):204-9. Epub 2007 May 18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17513346

Homosexual, Lesbian, and Transgender Minorities - Articles 1. Elman RA. Triangles and tribulations: the politics of Nazi symbols. J Homosex. 1996;30(3):1-11. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8743114 2. Haeberle EJ. "Stigmata of degeneration". Prisoner markings in Nazi concentration camps. J Homosex. 1980-1981 Fall-Winter;6(1-2):135-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7042823 3. Herzer M. Communists, Social Democrats, and the homosexual movement in the Weimar Republic. J Homosex. 1995;29(2-3):197-226. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8666755 4. Lautmann R. Categorization in concentration camps as a collective fate: a comparison of homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses and political prisoners. J Homosex. 1990;19(1):67-88. PubMed.

17 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Homosexual, Lesbian, and Transgender Minorities - Articles Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2187924 5. Lautmann R. The pink triangle. The persecution of homosexual males in concentration camps in Nazi Germany. J Homosex. 1980-1981 Fall-Winter;6(1-2):141-60. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7042824 6. Mildenberger F. Kraepelin and the 'urnings': male homosexuality in psychiatric discourse. Hist Psychiatry. 2007 Sep;18(71 Pt 3):321-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18175635 7. Oosterhuis H. The "Jews" of the antifascist left: homosexuality and socialist resistance to Nazism. J Homosex. 1995;29(2-3):227-57. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8666756 8. Röll W. Homosexual inmates in the Buchenwald Concentration Camp. J Homosex. 1996;31(4):1-28. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8905527

Homosexual, Lesbian, and Transgender Minorities - Websites

1. Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies. University of Minesota. Multiple links and resources. http://www.chgs.umn.edu/webBib/links/h.html Homosexuals, Other Victims of the Third Reich Homosexuals have been persecuted across the span of history in virtually every country and subjected to repressive laws, prison, physical violence and murder. The Nazi regime was the first to send Male Homosexuals (no law was enacted against female homosexuality) to concentration camps. The Nazi crimes against this group should be kept in context of how other countries reacted throughout history. 2. Gay and Lesbian Children of Holocaust Survivors, Frequently Asked Questions 3. Gay Prisoners in Concentration Camps as Compared with Jehovah's Witnesses and Political Prisoners. 4. Homosexuals • Homosexuals and the Third Reich, Jewish Virtual Library. • Nazi Persecution of Homosexuals, An Annotated Bibliography of Nonfiction Sources in English • Nazi Views on Homosexuals, Jewish Virtual Library. • Pierre Seel, deported homosexual: a memoir of Nazi terror , Publication available at Amazon.com

Hispanics/Latinos - Articles

1. Hernandez A. Chicanas and the issue of involuntary sterilization: reforms needed to protect informed consent. Chicano Law Rev. 1976;3(3):3-37. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11662794 2. Ross L. Sterilization and "de facto" sterilization. Amic J. 1994 Winter:29. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12287353

18 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

International Research in Developing Countries - Articles 1. Angell M. Ethical imperialism? Ethics in international collaborative clinical research. N Engl J Med. 1988 Oct 20;319(16):1081-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3173435 2. Angell M. The ethics of clinical research in the Third World. N Engl J Med. 1997 Sep 18;337(12):847- 9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9295243 Comment in: N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):841-2. Comment on: N Engl J Med. 1997 Sep 18;337(12):801-8. N Engl J Med. 1997 Sep 18;337(12):853-6. 3. Baker R. A theory of international bioethics: the negotiable and the non-negotiable. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1998 Sep;8(3):233-73. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656933 4. Bayer R. The debate over maternal-fetal HIV transmission prevention trials in Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean: racist exploitation or exploitation of racism? Am J Public Health. 1998 Apr;88(4):567-70. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9550995 5. Benatar SR. Imperialism, research ethics and global health. J Med Ethics. 1998 Aug;24(4):221-2. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9752622 Comment in: J Med Ethics. 1999 Feb;25(1):62. 6. Kahn J, Mastroianni A. Innocents abroad? The ethics of international research. Minn Med. 1999 Jul;82(7):28-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10431542 7. Lurie P, Wolfe SM. Unethical trials of interventions to reduce perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in developing countries. N Engl J Med. 1997 Sep 18;337(12):853-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9295246 Comment in: N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):837; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):837-8; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):838; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):838; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):838-9; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):839; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):839; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):836-7; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):838; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Oct 29;339(18):1331-2. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):837; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):836; author reply 840-1. N Engl J Med. 1997 Sep 18;337(12):847-9. 8. Macklin R. International research: ethical imperialism or ethical pluralism? Account Res. 1999;7(1):59-83. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11657563 9. Phanuphak P. Ethical issues in studies in Thailand of the vertical transmission of HIV. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):834-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9504948 Comment in: N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):844. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):843-4. 10. Reverby, Susan M. After the Media Frenzy, Preventing Another 'Guatemala'. Bioethics Forum: Diverse Commentary on Issues in Bioethics. October 6, 2010. Available online at: http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Bioethicsforum/Post.aspx?id=4919&blogid=140&utm_source=const antcontact&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=mktg20101019#ixzz183QTBtbg

19 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

International Research in Developing Countries - Articles 11. Stolberg SG. U.S. AIDS research in poor nations raises outcry on ethics. NY Times (Print). 1997 Sep 18:A33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647256 12. Turner MT. Questions about a placebo-controlled trial of preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV- infected Ugandans. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):841-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9508640. 13. Varmus H, Satcher D. Ethical complexities of conducting research in developing countries. N Engl J Med. 1997 Oct 2;337(14):1003-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9309109

International Research in Developing Countries - Websites 1. Office for Human Research Protections. International Compilation of Human Research Protections. Office for Human Research Protections. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2011 Edition. Available online at: http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/international/2011-hspcompilation.pdf 2. Office for Human Research Protections. Information on the 1946-1948 United States Public Health Service STD Inoculation Study. Available online at: http://www.hhs.gov/1946inoculationstudy/

Islam and Muslims - Articles 1. Westra AE, Willems DL, Smit BJ. Communicating with Muslim parents: "the four principles" are not as culturally neutral as suggested. Eur J Pediatr. 2009 Nov;168(11):1383-7. Epub 2009 Mar 21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19306021

Islam and Muslims - Books 1. Carr, Matthew: Blood and Faith: The Purging of Muslim Spain. The New Press, New York, NY, 2009. 2. Künzel, Matthias: Jihad and Jew-Hatred: Islamism, Nazism and the Roots of 9/11. Telos Press Publishing, New York, NY, 2007.

Native Americans – American Indians and Alaska Natives - Articles 1. Annett, Kevin D. The Canadian Holocaust Genocide Of The Indian Peoples In Canada Hidden From History: The Canadian Holocaust The Untold Story of the Genocide of Aboriginal Peoples by Church and State in Canada A Summary of an Ongoing, Independent Inquiry into Canadian Native "Residential Schools" and their Legacy Published by The Truth Commission into Genocide in Canada, a public investigative body continuing the work of previous Tribunals into native residential schools: The Justice in the Valley Coalitionís Inquiry into Crimes Against Aboriginal People, convened in Port Alberni, British Columbia on December 9, 1994, and The International Human Rights Association of American Minorities Tribunal into Canadian Residential Schools, held in Vancouver from June 12-14, 1998. Copyright @ The Truth Commission into Genocide in Canada, 2001 http://www.akha.org/content/humanrightsdocs/thecanadiangenocide.html

20 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Native Americans – American Indians and Alaska Natives - Articles 2. Barnard AG. Providing psychiatric-mental health care for Native Americans: lessons learned by a non-Native American PMHNP. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2007 May;45(5):30-5. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17526328 3. Brave Heart MY. Gender differences in the historical trauma response among the Lakota. J Health Soc Policy. 1999;10(4):1-21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10538183 4. Brave Heart MY. The historical trauma response among natives and its relationship with substance abuse: a Lakota illustration. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2003 Jan-Mar;35(1):7-13. . PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12733753 5. Brave Heart MY, DeBruyn LM. The American Indian Holocaust: healing historical unresolved grief. Am Indian Alsk Native Ment Health Res. 1998;8(2):56-78. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9842066 6. Broome B, Broome R. Native Americans: traditional healing. Urol Nurs. 2007 Apr;27(2):161-3, 173. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17494460 7. DeFine, Michael Sullivan. A History of Governmentally Coerced Sterilization: The Plight of the Native American Woman. May 1, 1997. http://www.whale.to/b/define.html 8. Elizabeth, Amy Skylark. The Scythe and the Scalpel: Dissecting the Sterilizations of Native American Women in the 1970's. Available online at: http://clem.mscd.edu/~princer/ant440b/paper_01.htm 9. England, Charles R. A Look at the Indian Health Service Policy of Sterilization, 1972-1976. http://www.dickshovel.com/IHSSterPol.html 10. Forced Sterilization of Native Americans [No author listed]. http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/articles/pages/6242/Forced-Sterilization-of-Native-Americans.html 11. Harley RM. Indian women plan to sue U.S. in sterilization cases. Christ Sci Monitor (East Ed). 1977 May 27:6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11648865 12. Jarrell RH. Native American women and forced sterilization, 1973-1976. Caduceus. 1992 Winter;8(3):45-58. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295649 13. Lawrence J. The Indian Health Service and the sterilization of Native American women. Am Indian Q. 2000;24(3):400-19. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17089462; Journal Abstract available online at: http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/american_indian_quarterly/v024/24.3lawrence.html Full text available online at: http://faculty.utep.edu/LinkClick.aspx?link=lawrence.pdf&tabid=19869&mid=71730 14. McGregor J. Racial, ethnic, and tribal classifications in biomedical research with biological and group harm. Am J Bioeth. 2010 Sep;10(9):23-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20818552 15. Ralstin-Lewis, D. Marie. The Continuing Struggle against Genocide: Indigenous Women's Reproductive Rights Wicazo Sa Review - Volume 20, Number 1, Spring 2005, pp. 71-95. Journal Abstract available online at: http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/wicazo_sa_review/v020/20.1ralstin-lewis.html 16. Struthers R, Lowe J. Nursing in the Native American culture and historical trauma. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2003 Apr-May;24(3):257-72. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12623685 17. Torpy, Sally J. Native American Women and Coerced Sterilization: On the Trail of Tears in the 1970s. American Indian Culture and Research Journal. 2000. 24(2):1-22. Online October 1, 2007. No abstract. Available online at: http://aisc.metapress.com/content/7646013460646042/

21 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

Prisoners - Articles

1. Gostin, Lawrence O., et al., editors. Ethical Considerations for Research Involving Prisoners. Report Brief. Washington, D.C.: Institute of Medicine, June 2006. Available online at: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2006/Ethical-Considerations-for-Research- Involving-Prisoners/Prisoners.pdf 2. Harkness JM. Nuremberg and the issue of wartime experiments on US prisoners. The Green Committee. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1672-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8922455 3. Lautmann R. Categorization in concentration camps as a collective fate: a comparison of homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses and political prisoners. J Homosex. 1990;19(1):67-88. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2187924 4. Pont J. Ethics in research involving prisoners. Int J Prison Health. 2008 Dec;4(4):184-97. PubMed Abstract: Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19061061 5. Sargent DA. Treating the condemned to death. Hastings Cent Rep. 1986 Dec;16(6):5-6. PubMed PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3804727

Prisoners - Books 1. Hornblum, Allen M: Acres of Skin: Human Experiments at Holmesburg Prison. Routledge, New York, NY, 1998. 2. Lawrence O. Gostin, Cori Vanchieri, and Andrew Pope, Editors. Ethical Considerations FOR Research Involving Prisoners. Board on Health Sciences Policy. Committee on Ethical Considerations for Revisions to DHHS Regulations for Protection of Prisoners Involved in Research. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2007. Available and can be read at no charge online at: http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11692&page=R1

Roma/Gypsies - Articles

1. Davis Lutz B. Gypsies as victims of the Holocaust. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1995;9(3):346-59. PubMed Abstract: Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684104 2. Lewy G. Gypsies and Jews under the Nazis. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1999;13(3):383-404. PubMed Abstract: Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684098

Roma/Gypsies – Books

1. Lewy, Guenter: The Nazi Persecution of the Gypsies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2000. 2. Muller-Hill, B. (1998). Murderous science: Elimination by scientific selection of Jews, Gypsies, and others in Germany. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.

22 Bibliography on Race, Ethnicity, Vulnerable Populations and the Holocaust

23 Bibliography on Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity Other than the Holocaust

Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity – Articles 1. Blum R, Stanton GH, Sagi S, Richter ED. 'Ethnic cleansing' bleaches the atrocities of genocide. Eur J Public Health. 2008 Apr;18(2):204-9. Epub 2007 May 18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17513346 2. Myers N. What we must do to counter the biotic holocaust. Int Wildl. 1999 Mar-Apr;29(2):6 p.. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12349558

Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity – Books

1. Lindqvist, Sven: “Exterminate All the Brutes” One Man’s Odyssey into the Heart of Darkness and the Origins of European Genocide. The New Press, New York, NY, 1996. 2. Power, Samantha: “A Problem from Hell” America and the Age of Genocide. Perennial, New York, NY, 2002. 3. Rubinstein, Richard L: Jihad and Genocide. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Lanham, MD, 2010. 4. Totten, Samuel, Parsons, William S., and Charny, Israel W. (Eds): Century of Genocide: Eyewitness Accounts and Critical Views. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, NY, 1997. 5. Waller, James: Becoming Evil: How Ordinary People Commit Genocide and Mass Killing. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2002. 6. Weindling, Paul: Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2000.

Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity – Websites

1. Holocaust, Genocide, & Human Rights. Created by Linda M. Woolf, Ph.D. http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/holocaust.html 2. Responding to Genocide Today. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum http://www.ushmm.org/genocide/

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Armenia - Articles

1. Derderian K. Common fate, different experience: gender-specific aspects of the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1917. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 2005;19(1):1-25. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684092 2. Sanasarian E. Gender distinction in the genocidal process: a preliminary study of the Armenian case. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1989;4(4):449-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684116 Bibliography on Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity Other than the Holocaust

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Australia - Articles

1. Barta T. Discourses of genocide in Germany and Australia: a linked history. Aborig Hist. 2001;25:37-56. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19514144 2. Blum R, Stanton GH, Sagi S, Richter ED. 'Ethnic cleansing' bleaches the atrocities of genocide. Eur J Public Health. 2008 Apr;18(2):204-9. Epub 2007 May 18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17513346 3. Markus A. Genocide in Australia. Aborig Hist. 2001;25:57-69. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19514153 4. Moses AD. Coming to terms with genocidal pasts in comparative perspective: Germany and Australia. Aborig Hist. 2001;25:91-115. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19514154 5. Sparr LF, Bremner JD. Post-traumatic stress disorder and memory: prescient medicolegal testimony at the International War Crimes Tribunal? J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2005;33(1):71-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15809242 6. Tatz C. Confronting Australian genocide. Aborig Hist. 2001;25:16-36. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19514155

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Bosnia - Articles

1. Becker DF, Weine SM, Vojvoda D, McGlashan TH. Case series: PTSD symptoms in adolescent survivors of "ethnic cleansing." Results from a 1-year follow-up study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999 Jun;38(6):775-81. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10361798 2. Weine SM, Vojvoda D, Becker DF, McGlashan TH, Hodzic E, Laub D, Hyman L, Sawyer M, Lazrove S. PTSD symptoms in Bosnian refugees 1 year after resettlement in the United States. Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Apr;155(4):562-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9546008

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Croatia – Articles

1. Klain E, Pavić L. Psychotrauma and reconciliation. Croat Med J. 2002 Apr;43(2):126-37. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11885036

2 Bibliography on Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity Other than the Holocaust

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Indonesia - Articles

1. Cribb R. Genocide in Indonesia, 1965-1966. J Genocide Res. 2001;3(2):219-39. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19670509 2. Vickers A. Where are the bodies: the haunting of Indonesia. Public Hist. 2010 Feb;32(1):45-58. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20503914

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Japan in World War II - Articles

1. Dahlby T. Japan's germ warriors: plumbing the horrors of 'Devil's Brigade'. Washington Post. 1983 May 26:A1, A25. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11646126 2. Freeman M. The theory and prevention of genocide. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1991;6(2):185-99. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684112 3. Lansen J, Cels JP. Psycho-educative group psychotherapy for Jewish child-survivors of the Holocaust and non-Jewish child-survivors of Japanese concentration camps. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1992;29(1):22-32. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1568860 4. Nie JB. The United States cover-up of Japanese wartime medical atrocities: complicity committed in the national interest and two proposals for contemporary action. Am J Bioeth. 2006 May- Jun;6(3):W21-33. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16754432 5. Penney M. Far from Oblivion: the Nanking Massacre in Japanese historical writing for children and young adults. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 2008;22(1):25-48. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20681109 6. Rich V. Japanese war-time experiments come to light. Lancet. 1995 Aug 26;346(8974):566. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11644727

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Japan in World War II - Books 1. Barenblatt, Daniel: A Plague Upon Humanity: The Hidden History of Japan’s Biological Warfare Program. Perennial, New York, NY, 2005. 2. Chang, Iris: The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War II. Penguin Books, New York, NY, 1997. 1. Gold, Hal: Unit 731 Testimony. Tuttle Publishing, North Clarendon, VT, 1996. 3. Harris, Sheldon: Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare, 1932-1945, and the American Cover-up. Routledge, New York, NY, 2002. 4. Harris, Sheldon H. Japanese Biological Warfare Research on Humans: A Case Study of Microbiology and Ethics. In Raymond A. Zelinskas, ed. The Microbiologist and Biological Defense Research: Ethics, Politics and International Security. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1992. 5. Maga, Tim: Judgment at Tokyo: The Japanese War Crime Trials. The University Press of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 2001.

3 Bibliography on Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity Other than the Holocaust

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Japan in World War II – Websites

1. Unit 731. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_731

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Native Americans – American Indians and Alaska Natives - Articles

1. Brave Heart MY. Gender differences in the historical trauma response among the Lakota. J Health Soc Policy. 1999;10(4):1-21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10538183 2. Brave Heart MY. The historical trauma response among natives and its relationship with substance abuse: a Lakota illustration. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2003 Jan-Mar;35(1):7-13. . PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12733753 3. Brave Heart MY, DeBruyn LM. The American Indian Holocaust: healing historical unresolved grief. Am Indian Alsk Native Ment Health Res. 1998;8(2):56-78. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9842066 4. Elizabeth, Amy Skylark. The Scythe and the Scalpel: Dissecting the Sterilizations of Native American Women in the 1970's. Available online at: http://clem.mscd.edu/~princer/ant440b/paper_01.htm 5. Harley RM. Indian women plan to sue U.S. in sterilization cases. Christ Sci Monitor (East Ed). 1977 May 27:6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11648865 6. Jarrell RH. Native American women and forced sterilization, 1973-1976. Caduceus. 1992 Winter;8(3):45-58. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1295649 7. Lawrence J. The Indian Health Service and the sterilization of Native American women. Am Indian Q. 2000;24(3):400-19. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17089462 8. McGregor J. Racial, ethnic, and tribal classifications in biomedical research with biological and group harm. Am J Bioeth. 2010 Sep;10(9):23-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20818552 9. Struthers R, Lowe J. Nursing in the Native American culture and historical trauma. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2003 Apr-May;24(3):257-72. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12623685

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Native Americans – American Indians and Alaska Natives - Websites 1. American Indian Genocide Museum http://www.aigenom.com/index.html

4 Bibliography on Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity Other than the Holocaust

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Russia and the USSR -Articles

1. Adams MB. The politics of human heredity in the USSR, 1920-1940. Genome. 1989;31(2):879-84. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2698846

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Rwanda - Articles

1. Lemarchand, René. Disconnecting the Threads: Rwanda and the Holocaust Reconsidered. Idea: A Journal of Social Issues. 7(1): March 29, 2002. Available online at: http://www.ideajournal.com/articles.php?sup=11 2. Newbury C, Newbury D. A Catholic mass in Kigali: contested views of the genocide and ethnicity in Rwanda. Can J Afr Stud. 1999;33(2-3):292-328. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19899231

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Rwanda - Books

1. Gourevitch, Philip: We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families: Stories from Rwanda. Picador USA, New York, NY, 1998.

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Rwanda - Websites

1. Bibliography of the Rwandan Genocide – Personal Accounts and Analysis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Rwandan_Genocide 2. Remembering the Past. Online Focus. NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. April 9, 2004. A survivor of the Holocaust and a survivor of the Rwandan genocide share their stories. Available online at: http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/africa/jan-june04/genocide_04-09-04.html 3. The Triumph of Evil: How the West Ignored Warnings of the 1994 Rwanda Genocide and Turned Its Back on the Victims. Frontline. Public Broadcasting System. January 1999. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/evil/

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Torture - Articles

1. Allodi FA. Assessment and treatment of torture victims: a critical review. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1991 Jan;179(1):4-11. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1985148 2. Annas GJ. Unspeakably cruel--torture, medical ethics, and the law. N Engl J Med. 2005 May

5 Bibliography on Genocide, War Crimes, and Crimes Against Humanity Other than the Holocaust

Genocide, War Crimes, & Crimes Against Humanity – Torture - Articles

19;352(20):2127-32. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15901869 3. Campbell TA. Psychological assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of torture survivors: a review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007 Jun;27(5):628-41. Epub 2007 Feb 7. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17316939 4. Laurence R. Part II: The treatment of torture survivors: a review of the literature. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 1992 Oct-Dec;13(4):311-20. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1478858 5. Lippman M. The Nazi doctors trial and the international prohibition on medical involvement in torture. Loyola Los Angel Int Comp Law J. 1993 Feb;15(2):395-441. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11652301 6. Rubenstein LS. Treatment of torture survivors: an introduction. J Ambul Care Manage. 1998 Apr;21(2):18-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10181461

6 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust Note about terminology: “Medical ethics tends to be understood narrowly as an applied professional ethics, whereas bioethics appears to have worked more expansive concerns, touching upon the philosophy of science and issues of biotechnology. Still, the two fields often overlap and the distinction is more a matter of style than professional consensus. Medical ethics shares many principles with other branches of healthcare ethics, such as nursing ethics. A Bioethicist assists the health care and research community in examining moral issues involved in our understanding of life and death, and resolving ethical dilemmas in medicine and science.” < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioethics >

Medical Ethics and the Holocaust – Articles 1. Barondess JA. Medicine against society. Lessons from the Third Reich. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1657-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8922452 Comment in: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81; JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):710. 2. Berlinger N. What is meant by telling the truth: Bonhoeffer on the ethics of disclosure. Stud Christ Ethics. 2003;16(2):80-92. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15000091 3. Brauner P, Zamir A, Gorski A, Granger-Taylor H, Sheffer A, Salmon I. Wall hangings, hairs and the Holocaust. J Forensic Sci. 1994 Jul;39(4):1120-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8064273 4. Caplan AL. Too hard to face. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2005;33(3):394-400. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16186207 5. Chelouche T. Some ethical dilemmas faced by Jewish doctors during the Holocaust. Med Law. 2005 Dec;24(4):703-16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16440865 6. Chelouche, T. (2007). "The Holocaust, Medicine and Medical Ethics: Lessons for Future Professionals." International Conference on the Holocaust, Medicine, and Medical Ethics: 1-8. 7. Danieli Y. Massive trauma and the healing role of reparative justice. J Trauma Stress. 2009 Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19743476 8. Howe, Edward G. Teaching Military Medical Ethics at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. Virtual Mentor: American Medical Association Journal of Ethics. October 2007. 9(1):688-691. Available online at: http://virtualmentor.ama-assn.org/2007/10/medu1-0710.html 9. Jotkowitz A. The Holocaust and medical ethics: the voices of the victims. J Med Ethics. 2008 Dec;34(12):869-70. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19043111 10. Leach JP. Lest we forgive. BMJ. 1999 Aug 14;319(7207):459. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/0445949 11. Sidel VW. The social responsibilities of health professionals. Lessons from their role in Nazi Germany. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8922457 Comment in: JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):711; author reply 711-2. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):711; author reply 711-2. Comment on: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1657-61. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1676-8. 12. Steiner H. Persons of lesser values--moral argument and the "final solution". J Appl Philos. 1995;12(2):129-41. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12474845

Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Medical Ethics and the Holocaust - Books 1. Caplan, Arthur L (ed.): When Medicine Went Mad: Bioethics and the Holocaust. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 1992. 2. Gehring-Münzel, Ursula (Ed.): Medical Ethics and the Holocaust. How Healing Becomes Killing: Eugenics, Euthanasia, Extermination. Holocaust Museum Houston, Houston, TX, 2007. 3. Hastings Center Report Supplement: Biomedical Ethics in the Shadow of Nazism. Institute of Society, Ethics and the Life Sciences. Volume 6, Number 4, August 1976. 4. Michalczyk, John J (ed.): Medicine, Ethics and the Third Reich: Historical and Contemporary Issues. Sheed & Ward, Kansas City, MO, 1994. 5. Nicosia, Francis R, and Huener, Jonathan (eds.): Medicine and Medical Ethics in Nazi Germany: Origins, Practices, Legacies. Berghahn Books, New York, NY, 2002.

Medical Ethics and the Holocaust – Videos and Webcasts

1. Legitimizing the Unthinkable: A Disability Rights Perspective on Nazi Medicine with Harriet Mcbryde Johnson Nazi science and medicine focused on eliminating both physical and mental impairments, real and perceived, as part of the path to "racial purity." Eugenics-based sterilization policies in Germany and throughout the world as well as the Nazis' so-called "euthanasia" program were often justified by physicians and scientists as relieving individual suffering while contributing to the "greater good." Renowned author, advocate, and attorney Harriet McBryde Johnson brought a disability rights perspective to bear on issues raised by the Museum's Deadly Medicine exhibition. http://www.ushmm.org/museum/publicprograms/programs/insights/2006/tv/#01-medical_ethics

Listen To Full Program > View C-Span2 Book Tv Video Of The Complete March 29 Event Questions About Language Reaction To The Phrase "Wheelchair-Bound" Protesting Telethons The Concept Of Cure Johnson's Response To Deadly Medicine Institutionalization Reading From Johnson's Book

2. HOW DID MEDICINE GO SO WRONG? Arthur Caplan, Director, Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Caplan explores how moral inquiry into this history can inform the field of bioethics today as it confronts controversial issues and practices.

Listen To Program >

3. A More Perfect Human: The Promise And Peril Of Modern Science.

2 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Dr. Leon Kass, a physician and scientist engaged for more than 30 years with ethical and philosophical questions raised by biomedical advances, explored how modern science's pursuit of "human perfection" paved the way for Nazi programs to eliminate the "unfit." Dr. Kass addressed the persistence of biological "idealism" in contemporary scientific and medical thinking. View Program >

4. Progress and Evil. Leon Wieseltier (Literary Editor, The New Republic) explores how the history presented in Deadly Medicine can help inform contemporary debate about the complex moral and social issues associated with scientific and technological advances.

In conversation with Terry Moran, ABC News. View Program >

5. Doing Good: The Promise And Perils Of Science. The Nazis drew on the science of their day in their pursuit of "perfection" and the creation of the "master race." Dr. Ruth Faden, Director of the Phoebe R. Berman Bioethics Institute at Johns Hopkins University, and the daughter of Holocaust survivors, explored the implications of this history in light of current medical innovations to enhance appearance and intelligence or prevent disease. View Program >

6. The Death of Hippocrates: The "Logic" of Nazi Medicine

Sherwin B. Nuland, best-selling author of How We Die and Lost in America: A Journey with My Father and Clinical Professor of Surgery at Yale University. View Program >

7. Gaps (and Gasps!) in Medical-Ethical Reasoning: From Ethical Theory to Medical Practice. Heidi Malm, Ph.D., Professor of Philosophy and Bioethics, Loyola University Chicago October 29, 2009 http://consensus.nih.gov/mindthegap/malm.htm View videocast

3 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Research Ethics and the Holocaust - Articles 1. Berger RL. Nazi science--the Dachau hypothermia experiments. N Engl J Med. 1990 May 17;322(20):1435-40. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2184357 Comment in: N Engl J Med. 1990 May 17;322(20):1462-4. N Engl J Med. 1991 Mar 21;324(12):845-7. 2. Heberer P. The Nazis and medical ethics: the context. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Mar;9(3):192-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17402337 3. Hedfors E. Medical ethics in the wake of the Holocaust: departing from a postwar paper by Ludwik Fleck. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2007 Sep;38(3):642-55. Epub 2007 Sep 12. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17893071 4. Hedfors E. Medical science in the light of the Holocaust: Departing from a post-war paper by Ludwik Fleck. Soc Stud Sci. 2008 Apr;38(2):259-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18831133 5. Kennicott P. The seduction of science to perfect an imperfect race. Int J Health Serv. 2005;35(2):399-404. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15932013 6. Levine, R. J. (2005). "Reflections on "Rethinking Research Ethics"." The American Journal of Bioethics 5(1): 1-3. 7. Proctor RN. Nazi science and Nazi medical ethics: some myths and misconceptions. Perspect Biol Med. 2000 Spring;43(3):335-46. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10893723

Research Ethics and the Holocaust - Books 1. LaFleur, William R, Böhme Gernot, and Shimazono, Susumu: Dark Medicine: Rationalizing Unethical Medical Research. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 2007. 2. Schmidt, Ulf: Medical Films, Ethics and Euthanasia in Nazi Germany: The History of Medical Research and Teaching Films of the Reich Office for Educational Films/Reich Institute for Films in Science and Education, 1933-1945. Matthiesen Verlag, Husum, Germany, 2002.

Use of Nazi Research - Articles 1. Altman LK. Nazi data on hypothermia termed unscientific. NY Times (Print). 1990 May 17:B11. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11646755 2. Angell, Marcia. The Nazi Hypothermia Experiments and Unethical Research Today. NEJM. 322(20):1462-1464. May 17, 1990. 3. Berger RL. Ethics in scientific communication: study of a problem case. J Med Ethics. 1994 Dec;20(4):207-11. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7861424 4. Bleich JD. Utilization of scientific data obtained through immoral experimentation -- survey of recent halakhic literature. Tradition. 1991 Fall;26(1):65-79. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11651180

4 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Use of Nazi Research - Articles 5. [ Multiple Authors ] Correspondence on “Nazi Science”. NEJM. 324(12), March 21, 1991, 845-847. 6. Campbell, Courtney S., ed. Nazi Data: Dissociation from Evil. The Hastings Center Report. 19:16-19. July/August 1989. 7. Caplan AL. Misusing the Nazi analogy. Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):535. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16040671 8. Cohen B. The ethics of using medical data from Nazi experiments. J Halacha Contemporary Society. 1990 Spring; No. 19:103-26. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11650895 9. Cohen, Baruch C. The Ethics of Using Medical Data from Nazi Experiments. Jewish Law: Examining Halacha, Jewish Issues, and Secular Law. No date. Available online at: http://www.jlaw.com/Articles/NaziMedEx.html Cohen, B. C. (2003). "The Ethics of Using Medical Data from Nazi Experiments." Jewish Law Articles: Examining Halacha, Jewish Issues and Secular Law: 1-34. 10. Freundel B. Using Nazi experimental data -- asking the right question. Shma. 1995 Mar 17;25(490):1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11659998 11. Martin RM. Using Nazi scientific data. Dialogue Can Philos Assoc. 1986 Autumn;25(3):403-11. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11654842 12. Moe K. Should the Nazi research data be cited? Hastings Cent Rep. 1984 Dec;14(6):5-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/6392198 13. Mostow P. "Like building on top of Auschwitz": on the symbolic meaning of using data from the Nazi experiments, and on nonuse as a form of memorial. J Law Relig. 1993-1994;10(2):403-31. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11659991 14. Nazi research: too evil to cite. [No authors listed.] Hastings Cent Rep. 1985 Aug;15(4):31-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4055352 15. Post SG. The echo of Nuremberg: Nazi data and ethics. J Med Ethics. 1991 Mar;17(1):42-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 16. Post SG. Nazi data and the rights of Jews. J Law Relig. 1988;6(2):429-33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653065 17. Rabin, Alisa. The Ethics of Nazi Data. UCLA Undergraduate Review of 1990, pp. 12-16. 18. Rosner F, Bennett AJ, Cassell EJ, Farnsworth PB, Halpern AL, Henry JB, Kanick V, Kark PR, Landolt AB, Loeb L, et al. The ethics of using scientific data obtained by immoral means. N Y State J Med. 1991 Feb;91(2):54-9. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2006056 19. Schafer A. On using Nazi data: the case against. Dialogue Can Philos Assoc. 1986 Autumn;25(3):413-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11654843 20. Shabecoff P. Head of E.P.A. bars Nazi data in study on gas. NY Times (Print). 1988 Mar 23:A1, A17. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11646661 21. Weitzman M. The ethics of using Nazi medical data: a Jewish perspective. Second Opin. 1990 Jul;14:27-38. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11650424

5 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Bioethics and the Holocaust- Articles 1. Campbell CS. It never dies: assessing the Nazi analogy in bioethics. J Med Humanit. 1992 Spring;13(1):21-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11645801 2. Caplan AL. The meaning of the Holocaust for bioethics. Hastings Cent Rep. 1989 Jul-Aug;19(4):2-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11650222 3. Caplan, A. L. (2005). "Misusing the Nazi analogy." Science 309(5734): 535-535. 4. Crum, Gary E. Contested Terrain: The Nazi Analogy in Bioethics. The Hastings Center Report. August/Summer 1988. 18:31-32. 5. Crum, Gary E. Nazi Bioethics and a Doctor’s Defense. The Human Life Review. Summer 1982. 8(3):55-69. 6. Hentoff, N., D. Callahan, et al. (1988). "Contested Terrain: The Nazi Analogy in Bioethics." Hastings Center Report August/September: 29 - 33. 7. O'Mathúna DP. Human dignity in the Nazi era: implications for contemporary bioethics. BMC Med Ethics. 2006 Mar 14;7:E2. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16536874 8. Reich WT. The care-based ethic of Nazi medicine and the moral importance of what we care about. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Winter;1(1):64-74. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11808610 9. Biomedical ethics and the shadow of Nazism. A conference on the proper use of the Nazi analogy in ethical debate/April 8, 1976. No authors listed. Hastings Cent Rep. 1976 Aug;6(4):Suppl 1-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/133987 10. Steinfels, Peter, ed. Biomedical Ethics and the Shadow of Nazism: A Conference on the Proper Use of Nazi Analogy in Ethical Debate. The Hastings Center Report. August 1986. Special supplement. 6:1-19. 11. Szawarski Z. Poland: biomedical ethics in a socialist state. Hastings Cent Rep. 1987 Jun;17(3):S27-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 12. Wikler D, Barondess J. Bioethics and anti-bioethics in light of Nazi medicine: what must we remember? Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1993 Mar;3(1):39-55. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed

6 Bibliography on General Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, and Bioethics

Note about terminology: “Medical ethics tends to be understood narrowly as an applied professional ethics, whereas bioethics appears to have worked more expansive concerns, touching upon the philosophy of science and issues of biotechnology. Still, the two fields often overlap and the distinction is more a matter of style than professional consensus. Medical ethics shares many principles with other branches of healthcare ethics, such as nursing ethics. A Bioethicist assists the health care and research community in examining moral issues involved in our understanding of life and death, and resolving ethical dilemmas in medicine and science.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioethics

General Medical Ethics - Articles 1. Gillon R. Medical ethics: four principles plus attention to scope. BMJ. 1994 Jul 16;309(6948):184-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8044100 2. Grodin MA, Annas GJ, Glantz LH. Medicine and human rights. A proposal for international action. Hastings Cent Rep. 1993 Jul-Aug;23(4):8-12. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8407306 3. Ingelfinger FJ. The unethical in medical ethics. Ann Intern Med. 1975 Aug;83(2):264-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643280 4. Meakins JL. Medical professionalism in the new millenium. J Am Coll Surg. 2003 Jan;196(1):113-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12517562 Comment on: J Am Coll Surg. 2003 Jan;196(1):115-8. 5. Parker MJ. Getting ethics into practice. BMJ. 2004 Jul 17;329(7458):126. . PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15258047 Comment in: BMJ. 2004 Aug 28;329(7464):513; author reply 513. BMJ. 2004 Aug 28;329(7464):513; author reply 513. BMJ. 2004 Aug 28;329(7464):513; author reply 513. 6. Pearn J. Medical ethics surveillance in the Armed Forces. Mil Med. 2000 May;165(5):351-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10826381 7. Rothman DJ. Medical professionalism--focusing on the real issues. N Engl J Med. 2000 Apr 27;342(17):1284-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10787328 8. Summers C. Militarism, human welfare, and the APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists. Ethics Behav. 1992;2(4):287-310. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11651615 9. Zwi AB. The political abuse of medicine and the challenge of opposing it. Soc Sci Med. 1987;25(6):649-57. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3317882

General Medical Ethics - Books 1. Beam, Thomas E and Sparacino, Linette R (Eds.): Military Medical Ethics, Volume 1. Office of the Surgeon General, Washington, D.C., 2003. 2. Beam, Thomas E and Sparacino, Linette R (Eds.): Military Medical Ethics, Volume 2. Office of the Surgeon General, Washington, D.C., 2003. Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

General Medical Ethics - Books 3. Gross, Michael L: Bioethics and Armed Conflict: Moral Dilemmas of Medicine and War. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2006.

Torture and Human Rights Abuses – Articles 1. Berat L. Doctors, detainees and torture: medical ethics v. the law in South Africa. Stanford J Int Law. 1989 Spring;25(2):499-542. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11650902 2. Clark PA. Medical ethics at Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib: the problem of dual loyalty. J Law Med Ethics. 2006 Fall;34(3):570-80, 481. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17144181 3. International Symposium on Torture and the Medical Profession. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Torture and the Medical Profession. J Med Ethics. 1991 Dec;17(Suppl):1-64. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11651117 4. Jandoo R. Human rights abuses and the medical profession. Forensic Sci Int. 1987 Dec;35(4):237- 47. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3428805 5. Kosteljanetz M, Aalund O. Torture: a challenge to medical science. Interdiscip Sci Rev. 1983;8(4):320-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11650733 6. Lewis NA. Guantanamo tour focuses on medical ethics. NY Times (Print). 2005 Nov 13:A34. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16342437 7. Lewis NA. Interrogators cite doctors' aid at Guantanamo. NY Times (Print). 2005 Jun 24:A1, A19. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15984057 8. London L, Rubenstein LS, Baldwin-Ragaven L, Van Es A. Dual loyalty among military health professionals: human rights and ethics in times of armed conflict. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2006 Fall;15(4):381-91. PubMed. No Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17066764 9. Marks JH. Doctors as pawns? Law and medical ethics at Guantánamo Bay. Seton Hall Law Rev. 2007;37(3):711-31. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17506210 10. Okie S. Glimpses of Guantanamo--medical ethics and the war on terror. N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 15;353(24):2529-34. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16354888 11. Rasmussen OV. Medical aspects of torture. Chapter VIII. Medical involvement in the practice of torture Chapter IX. Medical profession against torture. Dan Med Bull. 1990 Jan;37(Suppl. 1):43-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11660315 12. Rasmussen OV. The involvement of medical doctors in torture: the state of the art. J Med Ethics. 1991 Dec;17 Suppl:26-8. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1795366 13. Rubenstein LS. First, do no harm: health professionals and Guantánamo. Seton Hall Law Rev. 2007;37(3):733-48. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17506212 14. Rubenstein LS, Annas GJ. Medical ethics at Guantanamo Bay detention centre and in the US military: a time for reform. Lancet. 2009 Jul 25;374(9686):353-5. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19632495

2 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Torture and Human Rights Abuses - Books 1. British Medical Association: Medicine Betrayed: The Participation of Doctors in Human Rights Abuses. Zed Books, London, UK, 1992. 2. Miles, Stephen H.: Oath Betrayed: Torture, Medical Complicity, and the War on Terror. Random House, New York, NY, 2006.

General Research Ethics - Articles 1. Aita M, Richer MC. Essentials of research ethics for healthcare professionals. Nurs Health Sci. 2005 Jun;7(2):119-25. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15877688. 2. Annas GJ. Questing for grails: duplicity, betrayal and self-deception in postmodern medical research. J Contemp Health Law Policy. 1996 Spring;12(2):297-324. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8666728 3. Bailey KD. Ethical dilemmas in social problems research: a theoretical framework. Am Sociol. 1988 Summer;19(2):121-37. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659916 4. Berger RL. Ethics in scientific communication: study of a problem case. J Med Ethics. 1994 Dec;20(4):207-11. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7861424 5. Bean, Sally; Blair Henry, J. Michelle Kinsey, Keitha McMurray, Catherine Parry, and Tiffany Tassopoulos, "Enhancing Research Ethics Decision-Making: An REB Decision Bank," IRB: Ethics & Human Research 32, no. 6 (2010): 9-12. Abstract available online at: http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Publications/IRB/Detail.aspx?id=4986 6. Bernstein JE. Ethical considerations in human experimentation. J Clin Pharmacol. 1975 Aug- Sep;15(8-9):579-90. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/1150912 7. Bloche, M. Gregg, and Marks, Jonathan H. Doctors and Interrogators at Guantanamo Bay. N Engl J Med 353;1. July 7, 2005. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMp058145 8. Bravo, Gina; Dubois, Marie-France; Wildeman, Sheila M.; Graham, Janice E.; Cohen, Carole A. Painter, Karen; Bellemare, Suzanne. Research with Decisionally Incapacitated Older Adults: Practices of Canadian Research Ethics Boards. IRB: Ethics & Human Research 32, no. 6 (2010): 1-8. Abstract available online at: http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Publications/IRB/Detail.aspx?id=4985 9. Brennan TA, Kirschner R. Medical ethics and human rights violations: the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait and its aftermath. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jul 1;117(1):78-82. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1596050 10. Buchanan DR, Miller FG. A public health perspective on research ethics. J Med Ethics. 2006 Dec;32(12):729-33. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17145915 11. Capron AM. Ethical and human-rights issues in research on mental disorders that may affect decision-making capacity. N Engl J Med. 1999 May 6;340(18):1430-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10228198 12. Caulfield T. Legal and ethical issues associated with patient recruitment in clinical trials: the case of competitive enrolment. [sic] Health Law Rev. 2005;13(2-3):58-61. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16459415 13. Council of Europe. Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Biomedicine: Convention of Human Rights and Biomedicine. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1997 Sep;7(3):277-90. PubMed. No Abstract. Available

3 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

General Research Ethics - Articles online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660359 14. Daicos [sic] GK. Ethical dilemmas encountered during clinical drug trials. Hum Health Care. 2001 Jul-Dec;1(2):E9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14986633 15. Daikos [sic] GK. Ethical dilemmas encountered during clinical drug trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2004 Jul;24(1):24-31. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15225856 16. Dommel FW, Alexander D. The Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine of the Council of Europe. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1997 Sep;7(3):259-76. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660358 17. Fry ST. Ethical issues in research: scientific misconduct and fraud. Nurs Outlook. 1990 Nov- Dec;38(6):296. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2235540 18. Fry ST. Ethics and nursing research. Va Nurse. 1982 Summer;50(2):16-21. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6920209 19. Gauthier CC. Philosophical foundations of respect for autonomy. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1993 Mar;3(1):21-37. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10124848 20. Gillon JJ. More subject and less human: the pain-filled journey of human subjects protection ... and some differences in the United States and the European Union. Med Law Int. 2005;7(1):65-89. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16622987 21. Goldner JA. An overview of legal controls on human experimentation and the regulatory implications of taking Professor Katz seriously. St Louis Univ Law J. 1993 Fall;38(1):63-134. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11656325 22. Hawley DJ, Jeffers JM. Scientific misconduct as a dilemma for nursing. Image J Nurs Sch. 1992 Spring;24(1):51-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1541472 23. Helm A. Summary of the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Mil Med. 1987 Aug;152(8):425-30. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3116467 24. Jameton A, Fowler MD. Ethical inquiry and the concept of research. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1989 Apr;11(3):11-24. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2496647 25. Katz J. Do we need another advisory commission on human experimentation? Hastings Cent Rep. 1995 Jan-Feb;25(1):29-31. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7730048 26. Katz J. The regulation of human experimentation in the United States—a personal odyssey. IRB. 1987 Jan-Feb;9(1):1-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11649890 27. Leffall LD Jr. Ethics in surgical research. Surgery. 1998 Jun;123(6):603-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9626309 28. Lefor AT. Scientific misconduct and unethical human experimentation: historic parallels and moral implications. Nutrition. 2005 Jul-Aug;21(7-8):878-82. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15975498 29. Lock S. Research ethics--a brief historical review to 1965. J Intern Med. 1995 Dec;238(6):513-20. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9422037 30. Moreno JD, Lederer SE. Revising the history of Cold War research ethics. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1996 Sep;6(3):223-37. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653394 31. Office of Human Research Protections. International Compilation of Human Research Protections. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2010. Available online at:

4 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

General Research Ethics - Articles http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/international/HSPCompilation.pdf 32. Orticio LP. Protecting human subjects in research. Insight. 2009 Jul-Sep;34(3):14-6. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19708428 33. Owens NG. Human subjects--are they protected? Plast Surg Nurs. 1999 Winter;19(4):212-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 34. Rhodes R. Rethinking research ethics. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):7-28. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16036651 35. Rhodes R. Rethinking research ethics. Am J Bioeth. 2010 Oct;10(10):19-36. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20945264 Comment in: Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):29-31; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):W22-3. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):31-3; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):34-6; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):36-7; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):37-9; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):40-2; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):42-3; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):44-6; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):47-8; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):48-9; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):50-1; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):51-3; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):53-6; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):56-8; author reply W15-8. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):W1-2. Am J Bioeth. 2005 Winter;5(1):1-3; author reply W15-8. 36. Rice TW. The historical, ethical, and legal background of human-subjects research. Respir Care. 2008 Oct;53(10):1325-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18811995 37. Rittner C. The role of an independent and interdisciplinary assessment of research studies with human subjects in Europe and worldwide. Leg Med (Tokyo). 2009 Apr;11 Suppl 1:S80-1. Epub 2009 Mar 6. Review. PubMed Abstract: Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19269235 38. Schwenzer KJ. Protecting vulnerable subjects in clinical research: children, pregnant women, prisoners, and employees. Respir Care. 2008 Oct;53(10):1342-9. Review. PubMed Abstract: Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18811998 39. Wolpert L. The social responsibility of scientists: moonshine and morals. BMJ. 1989 Apr 8;298(6678):941-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2497867 40. Woodward B. Challenges to human subject protections in US medical research. JAMA. 1999 Nov 24;282(20):1947-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10580461 Comment in: JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2387; author reply 2389-90. JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2387-8; author reply 2389-90. JAMA. 1999 Nov 24;282(20):1963-5. JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2389; author reply 2389-90. JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2388; author reply 2389-90. JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2388-9; author reply 2389-90.

5 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

General Research Ethics – Books 1. Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research (Third Edition). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2001. Available online at: http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12192&utm_medium=etmail&utm_source=National%20 Academies%20Press&utm_campaign=NAP+mail+eblast+06.1.10+- +stem+cell+research&utm_content=Downloader&utm_term= 2. Hollander, Rachelle; Arenberg, Carol R., eds. Ethics Education and Scientific and Engineering Research: What’s Been Learned? What Should Be Done? Summary of a Workshop. Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society. National Academy of Engineering of the National Academies. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2009. Available online at: http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12695&page=R1 3. Roelcke, Volker and Maio, Giovanni (Eds.): Twentieth Century Ethics of Human Subjects Research: Historical Perspectives on Values, Practices, and Regulations. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 2004.

General Research Ethics - Websites 1. Canada – Panel on Research Ethics: Navigating the Ethics of Human Research www.pre.ethics.gc.ca 2. Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society. National Academy of Engineering of the National Academies http://www.nae.edu/26187.aspx 3. Community-Based Participatory Research and Research Ethics http://depts.washington.edu/ccph/irbhome.html 4. Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues – Human Genome Project http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/elsi.shtml 5. Ethics in Science – Course Blog for Phil 450: Ethics in Science (For Spring 2009 at the University of Idaho. http://Ethicsinscience.Blogspot.Com/ 6. EGE - European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies http://ec.europa.eu/european_group_ethics/index_en.htm 7. The Hastings Center http://www.thehastingscenter.org/ 8. IRB: Ethics & Human Research http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Publications/IRB/Default.aspx 9. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics http://www.csueastbay.edu/JERHRE/ 10. Office of Extramural Research. National Institutes of Health. Research Integrity and Misconduct. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/research_integrity/ 11. Office of Extramural Research. National Institutes of Health. Training in the Responsible Conduct of Research. http://grants1.nih.gov/training/responsibleconduct.htm 12. Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/ 13. Office of Research Integrity. US Department of Health and Human Services. http://ori.dhhs.gov/ 14. Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) http://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/rcr_general.shtml 15. Poynter Center for the Study of Ethics and American Institutions http://poynter.indiana.edu/

6 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

General Research Ethics - Websites 16. Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research (PRIM&R) http://www.primr.org/ 17. Research Ethics Blog http://researchethicsblog.com/

General Research Ethics - Videos and Webcasts 1. Ethics of Research Involving Human Subjects: Development of Policy in Response to the Public's Perceptions 10/21/2008 http://www.kaisernetwork.org/health_cast/hcast_index.cfm?display=detail&hc=3011

The Nuremberg Code – Articles 1. Nuremberg Code. National Institutes of Health. Regulations and Ethical Guidelines. Available online at: http://ohsr.od.nih.gov/guidelines/nuremberg.html 2. Annas GJ. Mengele's birthmark: the Nuremberg Code in United States courts. J Contemp Health Law Policy. 1991 Spring;7:17-45. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11645690 3. Faraone SV, Gottesman II, Tsuang MT. Fifty years of the Nuremberg Code: a time for retrospection and introspection. Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jul 25;74(4):345-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9259366 4. Grodin MA. The Nuremberg Code and medical research. Hastings Cent Rep. 1990 May- Jun;20(3):4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11650360 5. Harkness JM. The significance of the Nuremberg Code. N Engl J Med. 1998 Apr 2;338(14):995-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9527617 Comment on: N Engl J Med. 1997 Nov 13;337(20):1436-40. 6. Horner JS. Retreat from Nuremberg: can we prevent unethical medical research? Public Health. 1999 Sep;113(5):205-10. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10557112 7. Katz J. The Nuremberg Code and the Nuremberg Trial. A reappraisal. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1662-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8922453 Comment in: JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):709; author reply 709-10. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):709; author reply 709-10. 8. Moreno JD. Reassessing the influence of the Nuremberg Code on American medical ethics. J Contemp Health Law Policy. 1997 Spring;13(2):347-60. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9212522 9. Rothman DJ. The Nuremberg Code, German law, and prominent physician-thinkers. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):709; author reply 709-10. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9042834 10. Sass HM. The Nuremberg Code, German law, and prominent physician-thinkers. JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):709; author reply 709-10. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9042833

7 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

The Nuremberg Code – Articles Comment on: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1662-6. 11. Shuster E. Fifty years later: the significance of the Nuremberg Code. N Engl J Med. 1997 Nov 13;337(20):1436-40. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9358142 Comment in: N Engl J Med. 1998 Apr 2;338(14):995-6. 12. Shuster E. The Nuremberg Code: Hippocratic ethics and human rights. Lancet. 1998 Mar 28;351(9107):974-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9734958 13. Temme LA. Ethics in human experimentation: the two military physicians who helped develop the Nuremberg Code. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2003 Dec;74(12):1297-300. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/14692476 14. Thieren M, Mauron A. Nuremberg code turns 60. Bull World Health Organ. 2007 Aug;85(8):573. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17768510

The Nuremberg Code - Books 1. Annas, George J, and Grodin, Michael A: The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 1992. 2. Childress, J. F. (1998). Nuremberg's legacy: Some ethical reflections. Conference on Medical Research Ethics at the End of the 20th-Century - What Have We Learned, Bethesda, Maryland, Johns Hopkins Univ Press.

The Nuremberg Code - Websites

The Belmont Report - Articles 1. Beauchamp T. The legacy and the future. 30 years after the Belmont Report, Beauchamp sets the record straight. Prot Hum Subj. 2004 Summer;(10):1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15835026 2. Bird SJ. Responsible Research: What is Expected? : Commentary on: "Statistical Power, the Belmont Report, and the Ethics of Clinical Trials". Sci Eng Ethics. 2010 Dec;16(4):693-6. Epub 2010 Nov 20. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21103950 3. Carroll TW, Gutmann MP. The limits of autonomy: the belmont report and the history of childhood. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 2011 Jan;66(1):82-115. Epub 2010 Apr 23. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20418274 4. Cassell EJ. The principles of the Belmont report revisited. How have respect for persons, beneficence, and justice been applied to clinical medicine? Hastings Cent Rep. 2000 Jul- Aug;30(4):12-21. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10971887 5. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. National Institutes of Health. Regulations and

8 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

The Belmont Report - Articles Ethical Guidelines. Available online at: http://ohsr.od.nih.gov/guidelines/belmont.html 6. Haylett WJ. Ethical considerations in pediatric oncology phase I clinical trials according to The Belmont Report. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2009 Mar-Apr;26(2):107-12. Epub 2009 Feb 3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19190176 7. Marshall E. Does the moral philosophy of the Belmont Report rest on a mistake? IRB. 1986 Nov- Dec;8(6):5-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11649820 8. Protection of human subjects; Belmont Report: notice of report for public comment. [No authors listed] Fed Regist. 1979 Apr 18;44(76):23191-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10241035 9. Schrag, Zachary M. Belmont's Ethical Malpractice. Bioethics Forum: Diverse Commentary on Issues in Bioethics. November 30, 2010. Available online at: http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Bioethicsforum/Post.aspx?id=4999&blogid=140 10. Sims JM. A brief review of the Belmont report. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2010 Jul-Aug;29(4):173-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20543620 11. Smith WJ. Revisiting the Belmont report. Hastings Cent Rep. 2001 Mar-Apr;31(2):5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11478111 12. Vollmer SH, Howard G. Statistical power, the belmont report, and the ethics of clinical trials. Sci Eng Ethics. 2010 Dec;16(4):675-91. Epub 2010 Nov 10. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21063801

The Declaration of Helsinki - Articles 1. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. National Institutes of Health. Regulations and Ethical Guidelines. Available online at: http://ohsr.od.nih.gov/guidelines/helsinki.html

The Declaration of Helsinki – Books

The Declaration of Helsinki - Websites 1. WMA Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/index.html Adopted by the 18th WMA General Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964, and amended by the: 29th WMA General Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, October 1975 35th WMA General Assembly, Venice, Italy, October 1983 41st WMA General Assembly, Hong Kong, September 1989 48th WMA General Assembly, Somerset West, Republic of South Africa, October 1996

9 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

52nd WMA General Assembly, Edinburgh, Scotland, October 2000 53rd WMA General Assembly, Washington 2002 (Note of Clarification on paragraph 29 added) 55th WMA General Assembly, Tokyo 2004 (Note of Clarification on Paragraph 30 added) 59th WMA General Assembly, Seoul, October 2008 2. Declaration of Helsinki http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Helsinki

Informed Consent - Articles 1. Delgado R, Leskovac H. Informed consent in human experimentation: bridging the gap between ethical thought and current practice. UCLA Law Rev. 1986 Oct;34(1):67-130. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659049 2. Dowd SB, Wilson B. Informed patient consent: a historical perspective. Radiol Technol. 1995 Nov- Dec;67(2):119-24. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8570838 3. Friedlander WJ. The evolution of informed consent in American medicine. Perspect Biol Med. 1995 Spring;38(3):498-510. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644691 4. Nelson-Marten P, Rich BA. A historical perspective of informed consent in clinical practice and research. Semin Oncol Nurs. 1999 May;15(2):81-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10222507 5. Owens JF. Informed consent in the clinical research setting: experimentation on human subjects. Med Trial Tech Q. 1987;33(3):335-50. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653829 6. Ursin LO. Personal autonomy and informed consent. Med Health Care Philos. 2009 Mar;12(1):17- 24. Epub 2008 Jun 10. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18543075 7. Wheeler DL. Obtaining "informed consent": controversy over radiation tests focuses attention on rules for human subjects. Chron High Educ. 1994 Jan 26;40:8-9, 16. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11658067

Informed Consent - Websites 1. Resources on Nonconsensual Human Experimentation http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~shale/humanities/composition/assignments/experiment.html Introduction to these pages General Resources on Human Experimentation The Tuskeegee Experiment Experiments by Nazi Doctors Project Paperclip: Nazi Doctors in the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Experiments Drug and Mind Control Experiments The Milgram Experiment Other Experiments Current Headlines Documents of Human Experimentation Bibliography Additions and changes

10 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Protection of Human Subjects Training - Websites 1. CITI – Collaborative Institutional Research Initiative https://www.citiprogram.org/default.asp?language=english 2. Johns Hopkins School of Public Health (JHSPH). Human Subjects Research Ethics Field Training Guide. Available online at: http://www.jhsph.edu/bin/u/p/Field%20Guide_25Feb10.pdf 3. National Institutes of Health – Office of Extramural Research Protecting Human Research Participants (also available in Spanish) http://phrp.nihtraining.com/users/login.php 4. Project TRES (Training in Research Ethics and Standards) http://projecttres.sdsu.edu/tres/ 5. National Cancer Institute - Ethics and Scientific Research Study Guide http://web.ncifcrf.gov/campus/ethicscourse/

General Bioethics - Articles 1. Baker R. A theory of international bioethics: multiculturalism, postmodernism, and the bankruptcy of fundamentalism. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1998 Sep;8(3):201-31. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11656932 2. Macklin R. A defense of fundamental principles and human rights: a reply to Robert Baker. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1998 Dec;8(4):403-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11657320 3. Beauchamp TL. The mettle of moral fundamentalism: a reply to Robert Baker. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1998 Dec;8(4):389-401. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11660627

4. Baker R, McCullough L. Medical ethics' appropriation of moral philosophy: the case of the sympathetic and the unsympathetic physician. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Mar;17(1):3-22. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17849660 Comment in: Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Mar;17(1):65-7. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Mar;17(1):55-64. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Mar;17(1):43-54. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Mar;17(1):31-42. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Mar;17(1):23-30.

5. Callahan D. Religion and the secularization of bioethics. Hastings Cent Rep. 1990 Jul- Aug;20(4):S2-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656003 6. de Roubaix M. Are there limits to respect for autonomy in bioethics? Med Law. 2008 Jun;27(2):365-99. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18693487 7. de Wachter MA. Ethical aspects of human germ-line gene therapy. Bioethics. 1993 Apr;7(2-3):166- 77. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11651529 8. Dula A. Toward an African-American perspective on bioethics. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 1991 Fall;2(2):259-69. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

11 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

General Bioethics - Articles 9. Elliott K. Biomedical ethics, public-health risk assessment, and the naturalistic fallacy. Public Aff Q. 2002 Oct;16(4):351-76. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12705236 10. Freckelton I. Bioethics, biopolitics and medical regulation: learning from the Nazi doctor experience. J Law Med. 2009 Feb;16(4):555-67. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19297864 11. Gross ML. Bioethics and armed conflict: mapping the moral dimensions of medicine and war. Hastings Cent Rep. 2004 Nov-Dec;34(6):22-30. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15666892 Comment in: • Hastings Cent Rep. 2005 May-Jun;35(3):6-7; author reply 7. • Hastings Cent Rep. 2005 May-Jun;35(3):7; author reply 7. • Hastings Cent Rep. 2005 May-Jun;35(3):7; author reply 7. • Hastings Cent Rep. 2004 Nov-Dec;34(6):3. 12. Kevles DJ. The historical contingency of bioethics. Princet J Bioeth. 2000 Spring;3(1):51-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11936137 13. Rosenfeld A. The journalist's role in bioethics. J Med Philos. 1999 Apr;24(2):108-29. PubMed Abstract: Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10344421 14. Szawarski Z. Poland: biomedical ethics in a socialist state. Hastings Cent Rep. 1987 Jun;17(3):S27-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 15. Wilkinson S. "Eugenics talk" and the language of bioethics. J Med Ethics. 2008 Jun;34(6):467-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18511622

Bioethics - Books 1. Shapshay, Sandra: Bioethics at the Movies. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 2009.

Bioethics – Websites 1. Bioethics Resources on the Web: Research Starting Points http://bioethics.od.nih.gov/databases.html 2. Google Bioethics page – This page provides many useful links. 3. Yahoo bioethics- Listing of links using "Bioethics" word search. 4. National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature - Provides resources for bioethics research, including a database, ETHXWeb, with over 250,000 references, links to and links to the Bioethics Information Retrieval Project, the National Information Resource on Ethics and Human Genetics, and the National Bioethics Advisory Commission Digital Archive. Operates under the auspices of, and provides library and information services to the Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University. 5. Ethical Issues in Research Involving Human Participants (1989-1998) - A comprehensive bibliography that includes over 4,650 citations; also includes other issues in bioethics. The site is maintained by the National Library of Medicine. 6. Applied Ethics Resources on the Web - This site is maintained by the Canadian Maurice Young Centre for Applied Ethics and includes links to applied areas, such as professional

12 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Bioethics – Websites ethics, healthcare ethics, research ethics and other categories. 7. Bioethics Forum – A collection of commentaries on bioethical issues sponsored by The Hastings Center. 8. Bioethics.net – Comprehensive information for students and the general public. Includes weekly news from the American Journal of Bioethics. See also Bioethics for Beginners. 9. Bioethics Resources- Web Resources - Topics include abortion, death and dying, federal developments, genetics, human experimentation, transplantation, and international resources. Site is maintained by Thomas Mayo at Southern Methodist University. 10. BioethicsWeb – This is a gateway that links to general references and to topical areas. The site is affiliated with INTUTE. It is developed and managed by the Wellcome Library for the History and Understanding of Medicine. 11. Ethics in Biomedical Research - This site links to an online catalog that includes a DVD produced by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The DVD focus on four areas: history of bioethics in clinical medicine and in research; experiments with animals; genetic alternation and; scientific integrity. The DVD’s “Companion Resources” section has a summary of each video and pdf files of the documents cited in the overview section. 12. Ethics Videos Catalogue: Bioethics - University of San Diego’s video file of lectures by well known bioethicists. 13. EthicsWeb.ca- A collection of ethics-related websites on various topics, including nursing, medicine, stem cells and pharmaceuticals. 14. Genetics and Ethics Web Directory - Categories include Genethics literature, professors studying genetics and ethics, news and bulletins, plus other genethics resources. The site is maintained by Bryn Williams-Jones at the University of British Columbia. 15. Health Hippo - A collection of policy and regulatory materials related to health care. The web site is provided by Findlaw. 16. Healthweb: Bioethics - A web directory by the Southern Illinois School of Medicine. Includes links to online publications, specific topics, discussion groups, and bioethics organizations. 17. Human Bioethics Today – This site is developed by the Ethox Centre, University of Oxford with university and foundation partners to bring together ethical, medical, legal, social science perspectives on genetic bioetechnology related to animals, humans and agriculture. 18. Integrity in Scientific Research: Creating and Environment that Promotes Responsible Conduct - Committee on Assessing Integrity in Research Environments, National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, published by the National Academies Press in 2002. 19. MedWeb - A web directory maintained by Emory University. Over 60 searchable keywords under the topic "bioethics". 20. MedWebPlus: Bioethics - A web directory provided by y-DNA inc. with over 185 subcategories of resources under the topic "bioethics". 21. New England Journal of Medicine Medical Ethics - The NEJM maintains a collection of its articles on ethical issues. 22. Nuffield Council on Bioethics - Examines ethical issues raised by advances in science and medicine. The site includes current projects and completed reports. 23. Protecting Participants and Facilitating Social and Behavioral Sciences Research - A report from the Panel on Institutional Review Boards, Surveys, and Social Science Research, National Research Council, published by the National Academies Press in 2002. 24. Recent Dissertations in the Medical Humanities – This link is to a database of dissertations in the medical humanities. It is maintained by the University of Pittsburgh Health Sciences Library and is updated monthly. One of the topical areas is Biomedical Ethics. 25. Responsible Research: A Systems Approach to Protecting Research Participants - A report from the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Assessing the System for Protecting Human Research Participants, published by the National Academies Press in 2002. 26. The Open Director Project - This site includes links to general resources, news, cases and organizations around the world as well as to information on topics. 27. UK Clinical Ethics Network – The Network’s main mission is to provide information and support

13 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Bioethics – Websites to UK clinical ethics committees. It links to many resources relevant to ethical issues in general and to international research. The site includes clinical case studies, a link to ethical issues, a practical guide to clinical ethics support and educational resources

Bioethics for Clinicians - Canadian Medical Association Journal - 1996 - 2002 Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians. CMAJ. 1996 Jul 15;155(2):189-90. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8800077 Comment on: • CMAJ. 1996 Jul 15;155(2):177-80.

1. Etchells E, Sharpe G, Walsh P, Williams JR, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 1. Consent. CMAJ. 1996 Jul 15;155(2):177-80. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8800075 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1997 Jan 1;156(1):17-8. • CMAJ. 1996 Jul 15;155(2):189-90.

2. Etchells E, Sharpe G, Burgess MM, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 2. Disclosure. CMAJ. 1996 Aug 15;155(4):387-91. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8752063 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1996 Nov 1;155(9):1238-9.

3. Etchells E, Sharpe G, Elliott C, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 3. Capacity. CMAJ. 1996 Sep 15;155(6):657-61. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8823211

4. Etchells E, Sharpe G, Dykeman MJ, Meslin EM, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 4. Voluntariness. CMAJ. 1996 Oct 15;155(8):1083-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8873637

5. Lazar NM, Greiner GG, Robertson G, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 5. Substitute decision- making. CMAJ. 1996 Nov 15;155(10):1435-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8943932

6. Singer PA, Robertson G, Roy DJ. Bioethics for clinicians: 6. Advance care planning. CMAJ. 1996 Dec 15;155(12):1689-92. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8976334

7. Hébert PC, Hoffmaster B, Glass KC, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 7. Truth telling. CMAJ. 1997 Jan 15;156(2):225-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9012726

8. Kleinman I, Baylis F, Rodgers S, Singer P. Bioethics for clinicians: 8. Confidentiality. CMAJ. 1997 Feb 15;156(4):521-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9054822

9. Harrison C, Kenny NP, Sidarous M, Rowell M. Bioethics for clinicians: 9. Involving children in medical decisions. CMAJ. 1997 Mar 15;156(6):825-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:

14 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Bioethics for Clinicians - Canadian Medical Association Journal - 1996 - 2002 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9084389

10. Weijer C, Dickens B, Meslin EM. Bioethics for clinicians: 10. Research ethics. CMAJ. 1997 Apr 15;156(8):1153-7. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9141987

11. Lavery JV, Dickens BM, Boyle JM, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 11. Euthanasia and assisted suicide. CMAJ. 1997 May 15;156(10):1405-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9164399 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1997 Sep 15;157(6):638, 640.

12. Flagler E, Baylis F, Rodgers S. Bioethics for clinicians: 12. Ethical dilemmas that arise in the care of pregnant women: rethinking "maternal-fetal conflicts". CMAJ. 1997 Jun 15;156(12):1729-32. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9220925 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1997 Nov 1;157(9):1201; author reply 1202. • CMAJ. 1997 Nov 1;157(9):1201-2. • CMAJ. 1997 Nov 1;157(9):1202.

13. McKneally MF, Dickens BM, Meslin EM, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 13. Resource allocation. CMAJ. 1997 Jul 15;157(2):163-7. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9238146 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1998 Feb 10;158(3):298-9.

14. Burgess MM, Laberge CM, Knoppers BM. Bioethics for clinicians: 14. Ethics and genetics in medicine. CMAJ. 1998 May 19;158(10):1309-13. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9614824 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1998 Nov 3;159(9):1085, 1087.

15. Singer PA, MacDonald N. Bioethics for clinicians: 15. Quality end-of-life care. CMAJ. 1998 Jul 28;159(2):159-62. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9700330

16. Weijer C, Singer PA, Dickens BM, Workman S. Bioethics for clinicians: 16. Dealing with demands for inappropriate treatment. CMAJ. 1998 Oct 6;159(7):817-21. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9805031 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1999 Feb 9;160(3):309-10.

17. Lemmens T, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 17. Conflict of interest in research, education and patient care. CMAJ. 1998 Oct 20;159(8):960-5. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9834723 Comment in: • CMAJ. 1999 Mar 23;160(6):784.

Singer PA, Todkill AM. Bioethics for clinicians: continuing the series. CMAJ. 2000 Oct 3;163(7):833. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11033711 Comment on: • CMAJ. 2000 Oct 3;163(7):845-50.

15 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Bioethics for Clinicians - Canadian Medical Association Journal - 1996 - 2002 18. Ellerby JH, McKenzie J, McKay S, Gariépy GJ, Kaufert JM. Bioethics for clinicians: 18. Aboriginal cultures. CMAJ. 2000 Oct 3;163(7):845-50. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11033715 Comment in: • CMAJ. 2000 Oct 3;163(7):833.

19. Coward H, Sidhu T. Bioethics for clinicians: 19. Hinduism and Sikhism. CMAJ. 2000 Oct 31;163(9):1167-70. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11079065

20. Bowman KW, Hui EC. Bioethics for clinicians: 20. Chinese bioethics. CMAJ. 2000 Nov 28;163(11):1481-5. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11192658

21. Daar AS, al Khitamy AB. Bioethics for clinicians: 21. Islamic bioethics. CMAJ. 2001 Jan 9;164(1):60-3. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11202669

22. Goldsand G, Rosenberg ZR, Gordon M. Bioethics for clinicians: 22. Jewish bioethics. CMAJ. 2001 Jan 23;164(2):219-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11332319

23. Hébert PC, Levin AV, Robertson G. Bioethics for clinicians: 23. Disclosure of medical error. CMAJ. 2001 Feb 20;164(4):509-13. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11233873

24. Lazar NM, Shemie S, Webster GC, Dickens BM. Bioethics for clinicians: 24. Brain death. CMAJ. 2001 Mar 20;164(6):833-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11276553 Comment in: • CMAJ. 2001 Aug 7;165(3):269. • CMAJ. 2001 Aug 7;165(3):269. • CMAJ. 2001 Aug 7;165(3):269.

25. McKneally MF, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 25. Teaching bioethics in the clinical setting. CMAJ. 2001 Apr 17;164(8):1163-7. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11338804

26. Shanner L, Nisker J. Bioethics for clinicians: 26. Assisted reproductive technologies. CMAJ. 2001 May 29;164(11):1589-94. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11402801

27. Markwell HJ, Brown BF. Bioethics for clinicians: 27. Catholic bioethics. CMAJ. 2001 Jul 24;165(2):189-92. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11501460 Comment in: • CMAJ. 2002 May 14;166(10):1252.

28. Pauls M, Hutchinson RC. Bioethics for clinicians: 28. Protestant bioethics. CMAJ. 2002 Feb 5;166(3):339-43. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11868645 Comment in: • CMAJ. 2002 Apr 30;166(9):1135; author reply 1135.

16 Bibliography on Medical Ethics, Research Ethics, Bioethics, and the Holocaust

Bioethics for Clinicians - Canadian Medical Association Journal - 1996 - 2002 • CMAJ. 2002 Apr 30;166(9):1135; author reply 1135.

17 Bibliography on Genetics, Eugenics, and Euthanasia

Genetics - Articles 1. American Society of Human Genetics. Board of Directors. Eugenics and the misuse of genetic information to restrict reproductive freedom: ASHG statement. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Feb;64(2):335-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11645144 2. Boetzkes E. Privacy, property, and the family in the age of genetic testing: observations from transformative feminism. J Soc Philos. 2001 Fall;32(3):301-16. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15069947 3. Brewer RM. Thinking critically about race and genetics. J Law Med Ethics. 2006 Fall;34(3):513-9, 480. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17144174 4. Davis DS. Genetic dilemmas and the child's right to an open future. Rutgers Law J. 1997;28:549-92. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12465646 5. Fletcher JC. Presentation on ethical issues associated with in utero gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 1997 Jun 10;8(9):1159-62. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644955 6. Geiser M. Medical genetics and scientific expertise in Switzerland in the 1940s. Am J Med Genet. 2002 Aug 30;115(2):94-101. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12400055 7. Gormley M. Scientific discrimination and the activist scientist: L.C. Dunn and the professionalization of genetics and human genetics in the United States. J Hist Biol. 2009 Spring;42(1):33-72. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 8. Lombardo PA, Dorr GM. Eugenics, medical education, and the Public Health Service: Another perspective on the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. Bull Hist Med. 2006 Summer;80(2):291-316. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809865 9. Malinowski MJ. Choosing the genetic makeup of our children: our eugenics past--present, and future? Conn Law Rev. 2003 Fall;36(1):125-224. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15568257 10. Mallia P, ten Have H. Eugenics and the new genetics. J Int Bioethique. 2003 Sep-Dec;14(3-4):17-32. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15281197 11. McGleenan T. Human gene therapy and slippery slope arguments. J Med Ethics. 1995 Dec;21(6):350-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8778459 12. Morton NE. Genetic aspects of population policy. Clin Genet. 1999 Aug;56(2):105-9. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10517245 13. Müller-Hill B. Genetics after Auschwitz. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1987;2(1):3-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11617152 14. Müller-Hill B. Truth, justice, and genetics. Perspect Biol Med. 2000 Summer;43(4):577-83. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11058993 15. Propping P. Abuse of genetics in Nazi Germany. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):909-10. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/1415238 16. Wertz DC. Society and the not-so-new genetics: what are we afraid of? Some future predictions from a social scientist. J Contemp Health Law Policy. 1997 Spring;13(2):299-345. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9212521

Bibliography on Genetics and Eugenics

Genetics – Books 1. Hashiloni-Dolev, Yael: A Life (Un)Worthy of Living: Reproductive Genetics in Israel and Germany. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2007. 2. Skloot, Rebecca: The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. Crown Publishers, New York, NY, 2010. 3. Watson, James D: A Passion for DNA: Genes, Genomes, and Society. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 2000. 4. Watson, James D: The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Structure of DNA. Simon and Schuster, New York, NY, 2001. 5. Werth, Barry: Banquet at Delmonico’s: Great Minds, the Gilded Age, and the Triumph of Evolution in America. Random House, New York, NY, 2009.

Genetics - Websites 1. Gene Watch. Council for Responsible Genetics http://www.councilforresponsiblegenetics.org/

The Human Genome Project - Articles 1. Arda B. Ethics and the commercial use of genetics. Bull Med Ethics. 1995 Sep;No. 111:19-22. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11654272 2. Arizona State University Center for the Study of Law, Science and Technology. The Human Genome Project: bibliography of ethical, social, legal, and scientific aspects. Jurimetrics. 1992 Winter;32(2):223-311. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659418 3. Fletcher JC. Where in the world are we going with the new genetics? J Contemp Health Law Policy. 1989 Spring;5:33-51. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11645622 4. Fletcher JC, Wertz DC. Ethics, law, and medical genetics: after the human genome is mapped. Emory Law J. 1990 Summer;39(3):747-809. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653908 5. Iles AT. The Human Genome Project: a challenge to the human rights framework. Harv Hum Rights J. 1996 Spring;9:27-60. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660498 6. Juengst ET. Human genome research and the public interest: progress notes from an American science policy experiment. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jan;54(1):121-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8279462 7. Karjala DS. A legal research agenda for the Human Genome Initiative. Jurimetrics. 1992 Winter;32(2):121-222. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659417 8. Macer D. Whose genome project? Bioethics. 1991 Jul;5(3):183-211. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659339 9. Mackler BF, Barach M. The Human Genome Project in the United States: a perspective on the commercial, ethical, legislative and health care issues. J Int Bioethique. 1991 Jul-Sep;2(3):149-57. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11654898 10. McLean SA, Giesen D. Legal and ethical considerations of the Human Genome Project. Med Law Int. 1994;1(2):159-75. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653112

2 Bibliography on Genetics and Eugenics

The Human Genome Project - Articles 11. Pelias MK, Markward NJ. The human genome in the public view: genetics, geneticists, and eugenics. St Thomas Law Rev. 2001 Summer;13(4):827-49. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12661543

The Human Genome Project – Books

The Human Genome Project - Websites 1. Human Genome Project Information: Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues, U.S. Department of Energy http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/elsi.shtml 2. Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute http://www.genome.gov/ELSI/ 3. Ethical, Legal, Social Implications & Issues of Human Genome Project (ELSI), Information for Genetic Professionals, University of Kansas Medical Center http://www.kumc.edu/gec/prof/geneelsi.html Policy papers on specific issues, professional societies Resources on ethics / legal issues / public policy Genetic Testing / Insurance / Privacy / Nondiscrimination Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-191) Americans with Disabilities Act Birth Defects Prevention Act Ethics Centers Technology Evaluation International 4. Ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI) of human genomics, World Health Organization http://www.who.int/genomics/elsi/en/ 5. Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in Science. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s ELSI Project http://www.lbl.gov/Education/ELSI/ELSI.html

Gene Therapy - Articles 1. Fletcher JC. Presentation on ethical issues associated with in utero gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 1997 Jun 10;8(9):1159-62. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644955 2. Fletcher JC, Richter G. Ethical issues of perinatal human gene therapy. J Matern Fetal Med. 1996 Sep-Oct;5(5):232-44. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8930794 3. Holtug N. Altering humans--the case for and against human gene therapy. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 1997 Spring;6(2):157-74. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:

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Gene Therapy - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9179410 4. Holtug N. Human gene therapy: down the slippery slope? Bioethics. 1993 Oct;7(5):402-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656251 5. Howell JD. The history of eugenics and the future of gene therapy. J Clin Ethics. 1991 Winter;2(4):274-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11642965 6. U.S. National Institutes of Health. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Prenatal gene tranfer: scientific, medical, and ethical issues: a report of the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Hum Gene Ther. 2000 May 1;11(8):1211-29. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660775 7. U.S. National Institutes of Health. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee: minutes of meeting, 1-2 Dec 1994 -- Parts VII and XV: ethical considerations relative to in utero somatic cell and gene therapies (discussion and presentation). Hum Gene Ther. 1995 Aug;6(8):1065, 1077-1078, 1095-1097. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644759 8. U.S. National Institutes of Health. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Minutes of meeting: March 11-12, 1999: Working Group III Report: ethical, legal, and societal issues. Hum Gene Ther. 2000 May 20;11(8):1237-42. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11645217 9. Walters L. Ethical issues in human gene therapy. J Clin Ethics. 1991 Winter;2(4):267-74; discussion 274-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804397 10. U.S. National Institutes of Health. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Prenatal gene tranfer: scientific, medical, and ethical issues: a report of the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Hum Gene Ther. 2000 May 1;11(8):1211-29. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660775 11. U.S. National Institutes of Health. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee: minutes of meeting, 1-2 Dec 1994 -- Parts VII and XV: ethical considerations relative to in utero somatic cell and gene therapies (discussion and presentation). Hum Gene Ther. 1995 Aug;6(8):1065, 1077-1078, 1095-1097. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644759 12. U.S. National Institutes of Health. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Minutes of meeting: March 11-12, 1999: Working Group III Report: ethical, legal, and societal issues. Hum Gene Ther. 2000 May 20;11(8):1237-42. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11645217 13. Walters L. Ethical issues in human gene therapy. J Clin Ethics. 1991 Winter;2(4):267-74; discussion 274-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1804397

Gene Therapy and Slippery Slope Arguments - Articles 14. Holtug N. Human gene therapy: down the slippery slope? Bioethics. 1993 Oct;7(5):402-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656251 15. Launis V. Human gene therapy and the slippery slope argument. Med Health Care Philos. 2002;5(2):169-79. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12168992 16. McGleenan T. Human gene therapy and slippery slope arguments. J Med Ethics. 1995 Dec;21(6):350-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8778459 17. Resnik D. Debunking the slippery slope argument against human germ-line gene therapy. J Med Philos. 1994 Feb;19(1):23-40. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8201288

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Gene Therapy - Articles

Darwin- Articles 1. Barondess, J. A. (1998). "Care of the Medical Ethos: Reflections on Social Darwinism, Racial Hygiene, and the Holocaust." Annals of Internal Medicine 129: 891-898. 2. Fancher RE. Scientific cousins: the relationship between Charles Darwin and Francis Galton. Am Psychol. 2009 Feb-Mar;64(2):84-92. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19203140 3. Lightman B. Darwin and the popularization of evolution. Notes Rec R Soc Lond. 2010 Mar 20;64(1):5-24. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20503821 4. Secord JA. Focus: Darwin as a cultural icon. Isis. 2009 Sep;100(3):537-41. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20166248 5. Weikart R. Darwinism and death: devaluing human life in Germany 1859-1920. J Hist Ideas. 2002 Apr;63(2):323-44. PubMed. No Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12192671

Darwin- Books 1. Darwin, Charles: The Origin of Species. Gramercy Books, New York, NY. 2. Hawkins, Mike: Social Darwinism in European and American Thought 1860-1945: Nature as Model and Nature as Threat. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 1997. 3. Watson, James D.: Darwin: The Indelible Stamp. Running Press, Philadelphia, PA, 2005. 4. Weikart, Richard: From Darwin to Hitler: Evolutionary Ethics, Eugenics, and Racism in Germany. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2004. 5. West, John G: Darwin Day in America: How Our Politics and Culture Have Been Dehumanized in the Name of Science. ISI Books, Wilmington, DE, 2007.

Galton- Articles 1. Cowan RS. Francis Galton's statistical ideas: the influence of eugenics. Isis. 1972 Dec;63(219):509-28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4572701 2. Darwin F. Francis Galton, 1822-1911. Eugen Rev. 1968 Mar;60(1):3-11. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4869058 3. Galton DJ. Eugenics: some lessons from the past. Reprod Biomed Online. 2005 Mar;10 Suppl 1:133-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15820025 Comment in: Reprod Biomed Online. 2005 Mar;10 Suppl 1:144-6. 4. Galton DJ, Galton CJ. Francis Galton: and eugenics today. J Med Ethics. 1998 Apr;24(2):99-105. Biomed Online. 2005 Mar;10 Suppl 1:133-6. PubMed. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9602996 5. Gillham NW. Sir Francis Galton and the birth of eugenics. Annu Rev Genet. 2001;35:83-101.

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Galton- Articles PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11700278 6. Waller JC. Becoming a Darwinian: the micro-politics of Sir Francis Galton's scientific career 1859- 65. Ann Sci. 2004 Apr;61(2):141-63. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15022666 7. Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911) statistician of eugenics. [No authors listed] JAMA. 1965 Nov 8;194(6):666-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5319189

Galton- Books 1. Galton, Francis: Essays in Eugenics. University Press of the Pacific, Honolulu, HI, 2004. 2. Galton, Francis: Hereditary Genius. Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY, 2006. 3. Galton, Francis: Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development. Dodo Press, United Kingdom, 2007. 4. Gillham, Nicholas Wright: A Life of Sir Francis Galton: From African Exploration to the Birth of Eugenics. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2001. 5. Pearson, Karl: The Life, Letters, and Labours of Francis Galton. (Three Volumes Bound as Four.) Cambridge University Press, London, England, 1914/1924/1930/1930.

Eugenics - Articles 1. Berez TM, Weiss SF. The Nazi symbiosis: politics and human genetics at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute. Endeavour. 2004 Dec;28(4):172-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15571767 2. Birnbaum M. Eugenic sterilization: a discussion of certain legal, medical, and moral aspects of present practices in our public mental institutions. JAMA. 1961 Mar 18;175(11):951-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12332119 3. Brown S. Hitler's bible: an analysis of the relationship between American and German eugenics in pre-war Nazi Germany. Vesalius. 2009 Jun;15(1):26-31. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027757 4. Cleminson R. Eugenics without the state: anarchism in Catalonia, 1900-1937. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2008 Jun;39(2):232-9. Epub 2008 May 19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18534354 5. Cohen MM Jr. Genetic drift. Overview of German, Nazi, and Holocaust medicine. Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Mar;152A(3):687-707. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 6. Comment in: JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1679-81.; JAMA. 1997 Mar 5;277(9):710. 7. Cooke KJ. Human fertility and differential birth rates in American eugenics and genetics: a brief history. Mt Sinai J Med. 1998 May;65(3):161-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9615565 8. Cullen DO. Nature versus nurture: eugenics. Choice (Middletown). 2005 Nov;43(3):405-13. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16944555 9. Galton DJ. Eugenics: some lessons from the past. Reprod Biomed Online. 2005 Mar;10 Suppl 1:133-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15820025

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Eugenics - Articles 10. Comment in: 11. Reprod Biomed Online. 2005 Mar;10 Suppl 1:144-6. 12. Galton DJ. Greek theories on eugenics. J Med Ethics. 1998 Aug;24(4):263-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9752630; Full Text available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1377679/?tool=pubmed 13. Comment in: 14. J Med Ethics. 1999 Feb;25(1):60-1. 15. Garver KL, Garver B. Eugenics: past, present, and the future. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Nov;49(5):1109-18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1928094; Full text available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1683254/?tool=pubmed 16. Comment in: 17. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jul;51(1):222-3. 18. Gejman PV, Weilbaecher A. History of the eugenic movement. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2002;39(4):217-31. Erratum in: Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2003;40(1):72. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12756854 19. Glass B. A hidden chapter of German eugenics between the two world wars. Proc Am Philos Soc. 1981;125(5):357-67. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11610922 20. Güvercin CH, Arda B. Eugenics concept: from Plato to present. Hum Reprod Genet Ethics. 2008;14(2):20-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 21. Howell JD. The history of eugenics and the future of gene therapy. J Clin Ethics. 1991 Winter;2(4):274-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11642965 22. Iredale R. Eugenics and its relevance to contemporary health care. Nurs Ethics. 2000 May;7(3):205-14. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10986944 23. Kenny MG. Toward a racial abyss: eugenics, Wickliffe Draper, and the origins of The Pioneer Fund. J Hist Behav Sci. 2002 Summer;38(3):259-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12115787 24. Mottier V. Eugenics, politics and the state: social democracy and the Swiss 'gardening state'. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2008 Jun;39(2):263-9. Epub 2008 May 16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18534358 25. . Wikipedia. Available online at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_eugenics 26. Palmer LI. Genetic health and eugenics precedents: a voice of caution. Fla State Univ Law Rev. 2003 Winter;30(2):237-64. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15083830 27. Pilgrim D. The eugenic legacy in psychology and psychiatry. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2008 May;54(3):272-84. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18575381 28. Raz AE. Eugenic utopias/dystopias, reprogenetics, and community genetics. Sociol Health Illn. 2009 May;31(4):602-16. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19397763 29. Regulating eugenics. [No authors listed] Harv Law Rev. 2008 Apr;121(6):1578-99. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18524068 30. Ricci ML. Assisted procreation and its relationship to genetics and eugenics. Hum Reprod Genet Ethics. 2009;15(1):7-27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19580100 31. Richards M. Perfecting people: selective breeding at the Oneida Community (1869-1879) and the eugenics movement. New Genet Soc. 2004 Apr;23(1):47-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15468508 32. Romeo-Casabona CM. Health and eugenics practices: looking towards the future. Eur J Health

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Eugenics - Articles Law. 1998 Sep;5(3):241-60. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11657581 33. Ronen GM, Meaney B, Dan B, Zimprich F, Stögmann W, Neugebauer W. From eugenic euthanasia to habilitation of "disabled'' children: Andreas Rett's contribution. J Child Neurol. 2009 Jan;24(1):115-27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 34. Schulze TG, Fangerau H, Propping P. From degeneration to genetic susceptibility, from eugenics to genethics, from Bezugsziffer to LOD score: the history of psychiatric genetics. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;16(4):246-59. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16194759 35. Shevell MI, Peiffer J. Julius Hallervorden's wartime activities: implications for science under dictatorship. Pediatr Neurol. 2001 Aug;25(2):162-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 36. Stehney M. Legacy of the American eugenics movement: implications for primary care. Prim Care. 2004 Sep;31(3):525-41, ix. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15331246 37. Weindling P. The 'Sonderweg' of German eugenics: nationalism and scientific internationalism. Br J Hist Sci. 1989 Sep;22(74 Pt 3):321-33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11621983 38. Weindling P. The survival of eugenics in 20th-century Germany. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 Mar;52(3):643-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8447330 39. Weingart P. Eugenics--medical or social science? Sci Context. 1995 Spring;8(1):197-207. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11639654 40. Weingart P. German eugenics between science and politics. Osiris. 1989;5:260-82. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11621950 41. Weingart P. Politics of heredity--Germany 1900-1940, a brief overview. Genome. 1989;31(2):896- 7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2698849 42. Weingart P. The rationalization of sexual behavior: the institutionalization of eugenic thought in Germany. J Hist Biol. 1987 Summer;20(2):159-93. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11612084 43. Wikler D. Can we learn from eugenics? J Med Ethics. 1999 Apr;25(2):183-94. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10226926; Full Text available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC479205/?tool=pubmed 44. Wilkinson S. "Eugenics talk" and the language of bioethics. J Med Ethics. 2008 Jun;34(6):467-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18511622 45. Wikler D. Eugenic values. Sci Context. 1998 Autumn-Winter;11(3-4):455-70. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15168700 46. Wittmann E. To what extent were ideas and beliefs about eugenics held in Nazi Germany shared in Britain and the United States prior to the second world war? Vesalius. 2004 Jun;10(1):16-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15386878

Eugenics – Books 1. Adams, Mark B: The Wellborn Science: Eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil, and Russia. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 1990. 2. Agar, Nicholas: Liberal Eugenics: In Defense of Human Enhancement. Blackwell Publishing,

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Eugenics – Books Malden, MA, 2004. 3. Biesold, Horst: Crying Hands: Eugenics and Deaf People in Nazi Germany. Gallaudet University Press, Washington, D.C., 1999. 4. Black, E. (2003). War against the weak: Eugenics and America’s campaign to create a master race. New York, NY: Four Walls Eight Windows. 5. Broberg, Gunar, and Nils Roll-Hansen, eds. Eugenics and the Welfare State: Sterilization Policy in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1996. 6. Carlson, Elof Axel: The Unfit: A History of a Bad Idea. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 2001. 7. Chesterton, G.K.: Eugenics and Other Evils: An Argument Against the Scientifically Organized Society. Inkling Press, Seattle, WA, 2000. 8. Chesterton, G.K.: Eugenics and Other Evils. Cassell and Company, Limited, London, England, 1922. 9. Deutsch, Nathaniel: Inventing America’s “Worst” Family: Eugenics, Islam and the Rise and Fall of the Tribe of Ishmael. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2009. 10. Dowbiggin, Ian Robert: Keeping America Sane: Psychiatry and Eugenics in the United States and Canada 1880-1940. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 2003. 11. Duster, Troy: Backdoor to Eugenics. Routledge, New York, NY, 2003. 12. Engs, Ruth Clifford: The Eugenics Movement: An Encyclopedia. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT, 2005. 13. Farmer, Ann: By Their Fruits: Eugenics, Population Control, and the Abortion Campaign. The Catholic University Press of America, Washington, D.C., 2008. 14. Gehring-Münzel, Ursula (Ed.): Medical Ethics and the Holocaust. How Healing Becomes Killing: Eugenics, Euthanasia, Extermination. Holocaust Museum Houston, Houston, TX, 2007. 15. Gillette, Aaron: Eugenics and the Nature-Nurture Debate in the Twentieth Century. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2007. 16. Glad, John: Future Human Evolution: Eugenics in the Twenty-First Century. Hermitage Publishers, Schuylkill Haven, PA, 2006. 17. Haller, Mark H: Eugenics: Hereditarian Attitudes in American Thought. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 1963. 18. Jordan, David Starr: The Blood of the Nation: A Study of the Decay of Races Through the Survival of the Unfit. American Unitarian Association, Boston, MA, 1910. 19. Kevles, Daniel J: In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995. 20. Kline, Wendy: Building a Better Race: Gender, Sexuality, and Eugenics from the Turn of the Century to the Baby Boom. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2001. 21. Kraut, Alan M: Silent Travelers: Germs, Genes, and the “Immigrant Menace.” The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1994. 22. Kuhl, Stefan: The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, NY, 1994. 23. Larson, Edward J: Sex, Race, and Science: Eugenics in the Deep South. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1995. 24. Lombardo, Paul A: Three Generations, No Imbeciles: Eugenics, the Supreme Court, and Buck v. Bell. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 2008. 25. Lynn, Richard: Eugenics: A Reassessment. Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT, 2001. 26. McKim, William Duncan: Heredity and Human Progress. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, Whitefish, MT, 2008. 27. McLaren, Angus: Our Own Master Race: Eugenics in Canada 1885-1945. McLelland & Stewart, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, 1990. 28. Nourse, Victoria F: In Reckless Hands: Skinner v. Oklahoma and the Near Triumph of American Eugenics. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, NY, 2008. 29. Ordover, Nancy: American Eugenics: Race, Queer Anatomy, and the Science of Nationalism. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN, 2003.

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Eugenics – Books 30. Paul, Diane B: Controlling Human Heredity: 1865 to the Present. Humanity Books, Amherst, NY, 1995. 31. Paul, Diane B: The Politics of Heredity: Essays on Eugenics, Biomedicine, and the Nature-Nurture Debate. State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, 1998. 32. Pernick, Martin S: The Black Stork: Eugenics and the Death of “Defective” Babies in American Medicine and Motion Pictures Since 1915. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 1996. 33. Popenoe, Paul and Johnson, Roswell Hill: Applied Eugenics. The MacMillan Company, New York, NY, 1923. 34. Robinson, William J: Eugenics and Marriage. The Critic and Guide Company, New York, NY, 1922. 35. Schmuhl, Hans-Walter: The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics, 1927-1945: Crossing Boundaries. Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2008. 36. Selden, Steven: Inheriting Shame: The Story of Eugenics and Racism in America. Teachers College Press, New York, NY, 1999. 37. Siemens, Hermann W. and Barker, Lewellys F.: Race Hygiene and Heredity. D. Appleton and Company, New York, NY, 1924. 38. Spiro, Jonathan Peter: Defending the Master Race: Conservation, Eugenics, and the Legacy of Madison Grant. University of Vermont Press, Burlington, VT, 2009. 39. Stern, Alexandra Minna: Eugenic Nation: Faults and Frontiers of Better Breeding in Modern America. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2005. 40. Stoskopf, Alan: Race and Membership in American History: The Eugenics Movement. Facing History and Ourselves National Foundation, Inc., Brookline, MA, 2002. 41. Turda, Marius and Weindling, Paul J. (Eds.): Blood and Homeland: Eugenics and Racial Nationalism in Central and Southeast Europe 1900-1940. Central European University Press, New York, NY, 2007. 42. Weikart, Richard: Hitler’s Ethic: The Nazi Pursuit of Evolutionary Progress. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY, 2009. 43. Weiss, Sheila Faith: Race Hygiene & National Efficiency: The Eugenics of Wilhelm Schallmayer. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 1987. 44. Witkowski, Jan A and Inglis, John R: Davenport’s Dream: 21st Century Reflections on Heredity and Eugenics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 2008. 45. Woodhull, Victoria: Free Lover: Sex, Marriage and Eugenics in the Early Speeches of Vitctoria Woodhull. Inkling Books, Seattle, WA, 2005. 46. Woodhull, Victoria: Lady Eugenist: Feminine Eugenics in the Speeches and Writings of Victoria Woodhull. Inkling Books, Seattle, WA, 2005.

Eugenics – Websites 2. American Eugenics Movement Image Archive http://www.eugenicsarchive.org 3. DNA Shoah Project – “building a database of genetic material from Holocaust survivors and their immediate descendants in hopes of reuniting families disrupted by the Shoah (“Holocaust” in Hebrew). http://www.dnashoah.org/ 4. "Eugenics" and Nazi "Euthanasia" Crimes, by Lutz Kaelber http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/gateway/index.html This is a gateway to three distinct websites hosted here. (1) Eugenics: Compulsory Sterilization in 50 American States is a site that provides information about compulsory sterilization laws adopted by over 30 states that led to more than 60,000 sterilizations of disabled individuals in the United States of America. For each state for which information is available, it includes the number of victims, the known period during which

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Eugenics – Websites sterilizations occurred, the temporal pattern of sterilizations and rate of sterilization, the passage of law(s), groups indentified in the law, the prescribed process of the law, precipitating factors and processes that led up a state’s sterilization program, the groups targeted and victimized, other restrictions placed on those identified in the law or with disabilities in general, major proponents of state eugenic sterilization, “feeder institutions” and institutions where sterilizations were performed, and opposition to sterilization. A short bibliography is also provided. Until now there has never been a website providing an easily accessible overview of American eugenics for all American states.

(2) The "Special Children's Wards": The Nazi Murder of Disabled Children deals with the about 30 murder sites at which at least 5,000 children and youths were killed between 1940 and 1945 as part of the Nazi children's "Euthanasia" program. The facilities that were part of this program are listed by nation, states, and location. It includes a brief historical account as well as a history of commemoration, and a brief bibliography.

(3) Exhibits on "Nazi" Euthanasia Crimes presents an overview of more than a dozen exhibitions on such crimes in German-speaking countries. Some of these exhibitions have a detailed information available through the Internet.

A fourth website will turn to commemoration at the "T4" killing centers.

For some thoughts on commemoration of trauma and the collective memory landscape in Germany, see my essay "New Analyses of Trauma, Memory, and Place in Berlin and Beyond."

On exhibits on "euthanasia" crimes in Germany and Austria, see my presentation "Exhibiting the 'Good Death': Sacredness and Trauma in the Public Display of Nazi 'Euthanasia' Crimes in Germany and Austria" (word document and powerpoint presentation).

5. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. http://www.ushmm.org/

Racial Eugenics in the United States and Nazi Germany: A Comparative Study - prepared by Judith Sandeen Bartel, USHMM Museum Fellow http://www.mchekc.org/PDFFiles/EugenicsinUSandNaziGermany.pdf

Worldwide Eugenics and Medical Ethics Buck v. Bell Supreme Court Ruling (1927) Fitter Family Contest Image Archive Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement International Eugenics - with multiple links Eugenics In America . Kansas . Missouri

Euthanasia - Articles

1. Benedict S, Chelouche T. Meseritz-Obrawalde: a 'wild euthanasia' hospital of Nazi Germany. Hist Psychiatry. 2008 Mar;19(73 Pt 1):68-76. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19127829 2. Benedict S, Shields L, O'Donnell AJ. Children's "euthanasia" in Nazi Germany. J Pediatr Nurs. 2009

11 Bibliography on Genetics and Eugenics

Euthanasia - Articles Dec;24(6):506-16. Epub 2009 Mar 13. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19931148 3. Burleigh M. Euthanasia and the Third Reich. Hist Today. 1990 Feb;40:11-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11651999 4. Burleigh M. Racism as social policy: the Nazi 'euthanasia' programme, 1939-1945. Ethn Racial Stud. 1991 Oct;14(4):453-73. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11652073 5. Burleigh M. Surveys of developments in the social history of medicine: III. 'Euthanasia' in the Third Reich: some recent literature. Soc Hist Med. 1991 Aug;4(2):317-28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11645867 6. Burleigh, M. (1997). The Nazi Analogy and Contemporary Debates on Euthanasia. Ethics and Extermination: Reflections on Nazi Genocide. Cambridge, United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press: 142 - 152. 7. Callahan D. Vital distinctions, mortal questions: debating euthanasia and health care costs. Commonweal. 1988 Jul 15;115(13):397-404. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11652542 8. Capanna AH, Capanna DM, Bianco RY. Euthanasia--the twenty-sixth specialty? Surg Neurol. 1998 Aug;50(2):97-9; discussion 99-103. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9701114 9. Hughes JT. Neuropathology in Germany during World War II: Julius Hallervorden (1882-1965) and the Nazi programme of 'euthanasia'. J Med Biogr. 2007 May;15(2):116-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17551614 10. Koop CE. The challenge of definition. Hastings Cent Rep. 1989 Jan-Feb;19(1):S2-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available Online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11650122 11. Koop CE. Mercy, murder, & morality: perspectives on euthanasia. The challenge of definition. Hastings Cent Rep. 1989 Jan-Feb;19(1):suppl 2-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2714956 12. Kottow MH. Euthanasia after the holocaust--is it possible?: a report from the Federal Republic of Germany. Bioethics. 1988 Jan;2(1):58-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11649237 13. Lavery JV, Dickens BM, Boyle JM, Singer PA. Bioethics for clinicians: 11. Euthanasia and assisted suicide. CMAJ. 1997 May 15;156(10):1405-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9164399 14. Leichtentritt RD, Rettig KD, Miles SH. Holocaust survivors' perspectives on the euthanasia debate. Soc Sci Med. 1999 Jan;48(2):185-96. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10048777 15. Marker RL, Stanton JR, Recznik ME, Fournier KA. Euthanasia: a historical overview. Md J Contemp Leg Issues. 1991 Summer;2(2):257-98. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11651211 16. Michalsen A, Reinhart K. "Euthanasia": A confusing term, abused under the Nazi regime and misused in present end-of-life debate. Intensive Care Med. 2006 Sep;32(9):1304-10. Epub 2006 Jul 7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16826394 17. Oehmichen M, Meissner C. Active euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: the German discussion. Leg Med (Tokyo). 2003 Mar;5 Suppl 1:S20-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12935547 18. Quaghebeur T, Dierckx de Casterlé B, Gastmans C. Nursing and euthanasia: a review of argument- based ethics literature. Nurs Ethics. 2009 Jul;16(4):466-86. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19528103 19. Quill, Timothy E. Physician Assisted Death in the United States: Are the Existing 'Last Resorts' Enough? Hastings Center Report 38, no. 5 (2008). Available online at: http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Publications/HCR/Detail.aspx?id=2232&terms=holocaust+and+%23 filename+*.html 20. Shevell M. Racial hygiene, active euthanasia, and Julius Hallervorden. Neurology. 1992

12 Bibliography on Genetics and Eugenics

Euthanasia - Articles Nov;42(11):2214-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/1436542 Comment in: Neurology. 1993 Jul;43(7):1452; author reply 1453. Neurology. 1993 Jul;43(7):1452; author reply 1453. Neurology. 1993 Jul;43(7):1453. 21. Simpson WG. A different kind of Holocaust: from euthanasia to tyranny. Linacre Q. 1997 Aug;64(3):87-92. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11656747 22. Thomas FP, Beres A, Shevell MI. "A cold wind coming": Heinrich Gross and child euthanasia in Vienna. J Child Neurol. 2006 Apr;21(4):342-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 23. Thomasma DC. Assessing the arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide: Part Two. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 1998 Fall;7(4):388-401. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9752579

Euthanasia - Books 1. Bryant, Michael S: Confronting the “Good Death:” Nazi Euthanasia on Trial 1945-1953. University Press of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 2005. 2. Burleigh, Michael: Death and Deliverance: ‘Euthanasia’ in Germany 1900-1945. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1994. 3. Friedlander, Henry: The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final Solution. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 1995. 4. Gehring-Münzel, Ursula (Ed.): Medical Ethics and the Holocaust. How Healing Becomes Killing: Eugenics, Euthanasia, Extermination. Holocaust Museum Houston, Houston, TX, 2007. 5. George, Uta (Ed.): Transferred to Hadamar: An English Catalogue about the Nazi—“Euthanasia”— Crimes in Hadamar. Landeswohlfahrtsverband Hessen, Kassel, Germany 2005. 24. Hare, P. H. (1988). The Abuse of Holocaust Studies: Mercy Killing and the Slippery Slope. Echoes from the Holocaust: Philosophical Reflections on a Dark Time. A. Rosenberg and G. E. Myers. Philadelphia, Temple University Press: 412 - 420. 6. Hoedeman, Paul. Hitler or Hippocrates: Medical Experiments and Euthanasia in the Third Reich. Sussex, England: Book Guild, 1991. 7. Lavi, Shai J.: The Modern Art of Dying: A History of Euthanasia in the United States. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2005

Euthanasia - Websites 1. Euthanasia Institutions http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/33d/projects/medicine/Euthanasia%20Institution s.htm 2. The Euthanasia (T-4) Program. Jewish Virtual Library. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/t4toc.html 3. American Eugenics and the Commemoration of Nazi “Euthenasia” Crimes http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/gateway/index.html • Eugenics: Compulsory Sterilization in 50 American States

13 Bibliography on Genetics and Eugenics

Euthanasia - Websites Lutz Kaelber, Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Vermont Email: lkaelber at uvm.edu http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/eugenics/  Kinderfachabteilungen ("Special Children's Wards"): Sites of Nazi "Children's 'Euthanasia'" Crimes and Their Commemoration in Europe http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/children/  Exhibits on Nazi "Euthanasia" (Date: 28 Juni 2008) http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/exhibits/  Commemoration at "T4" Killing Centers http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/t4/  PowerPoint Presentation: Exhibiting the "Good Death": Sacredness and Trauma in the Public Display of Nazi "Euthanasia" Crimes in Germany and Austria http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/gateway/asr2009/asr2009.ppt  Parallel Text for PowerPoint: Exhibiting the "Good Death": Sacredness and Trauma in the Public Display of Nazi "Euthanasia" Crimes in Germany and Austria http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/gateway/asr2009/asr2009.doc

4. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. http://www.ushmm.org/

Euthanasia Program Euthanasia Program Maps Personal Story - The Euthanasia Program

Online Material The Euthanasia (T4) Program The T4 Euthanasia Program

Primary Source Material on Nazi racial ideology and euthanasia T4 Medical Questionnaire (form used by Doctors) Bishop von Galen's August 3, 1941 Sermon against euthanasia Excerpt from 5th grade biology text about racial health The Educational Principals of the New Germany (note to parents and educators) You and Your People (written in 1940 for 14 year olds) Hereditary and Racial Science for Elementary and Secondary Schools Racial Chart from "What Kind of Marriage is Restricted By the Law?" Racial Chart from "Who Has German Blood?" Photograph - Race Education in School 1943 "The German Sterilization Law" in Journal of Heredity (1934) "Eugenical Sterilization in Germany" in Eugenical News (1933)

14 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Anatomy and the Holocaust - Articles 1. Angetter DC. Anatomical science at University of Vienna 1938-45. Senate Project of the University of Vienna. Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1454-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10791540 Comment in: Lancet. 2000 Jun 24;355(9222):2255. Lancet. 2000 Jul 22;356(9226):343. Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1385-6. 2. Aumüller G, Grundmann K. Anatomy during the Third Reich--the Institute of Anatomy at the University of Marburg, as an example. Ann Anat. 2002 May;184(3):295-303. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12056762 3. Hildebrandt S. Anatomy in the Third Reich: an outline, part 1. National Socialist politics, anatomical institutions, and anatomists. Clin Anat. 2009 Nov;22(8):883-93. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19852053 4. Hildebrandt S. Anatomy in the Third Reich: an outline, part 2. Bodies for anatomy and related medical disciplines. Clin Anat. 2009 Nov;22(8):894-905. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19852054 5. Hildebrandt S. Anatomy in the Third Reich: an outline, part 3. The science and ethics of anatomy in National Socialist Germany and postwar consequences. Clin Anat. 2009 Nov;22(8):906-15. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19852049 Comment in: Clin Anat. 2010 Jan;23(1):120-1. 6. Hildebrandt S. Capital punishment and anatomy: history and ethics of an ongoing association. Clin Anat. 2008 Jan;21(1):5-14. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18058917 7. Hildebrandt S. How the Pernkopf controversy facilitated a historical and ethical analysis of the anatomical sciences in Austria and Germany: a recommendation for the continued use of the Pernkopf atlas. Clin Anat. 2006 Mar;19(2):91-100. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16425297 8. Hubenstorf M. Anatomical science in Vienna, 1938-45. Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1385-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10791520 Comment in: Lancet. 2000 Jul 22;356(9226):343. Lancet. 2000 Jun 24;355(9222):2255. Comment on: Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1454-7. 9. Panush RS. Upon finding a Nazi anatomy atlas: the lessons of Nazi medicine. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc. 1996 Fall;59(4):18-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9130854 10. Pringle H. Anatomy. Confronting anatomy's Nazi past. Science. 2010 Jul 16;329(5989):274-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20647445 11. Redies C, Viebig M, Zimmermann S, Fröber R. Origin of corpses received by the anatomical institute at the University of Jena during the Nazi regime. Anat Rec B New Anat. 2005 Jul;285(1):6- 10. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16032755 12. Riggs G. What should we do about Eduard Pernkopf's atlas? Acad Med. 1998 Apr;73(4):380-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Anatomy and the Holocaust - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9580714 13. Seidelman WE, Israel H. Anatomy in Vienna. Lancet. 2000 Jul 22;356(9226):343. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11071222 Comment on: Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1385-6. Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1454-7. 14. Wirsing B. Not too late to apologize. Nature. 2000 Mar 16;404(6775):222. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10749186 Comment in: Nature. 2000 Jun 1;405(6786):508. Comment on: Nature. 2000 Feb 24;403(6772):813.

Body Worlds - Articles 1. Burns L. Gunther von Hagens' BODY WORLDS: selling beautiful education. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454986 Comment in: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):24-5; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):26-7; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):27-9; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):30-1; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):32-3; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):45-7; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):36-8; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):38-40; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):40-2; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):42-3; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):44-5; discussion W1-3. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):34-6; discussion W1-3. 2. Cohn F. Re-inventing anatomy: the impact of plastination on how we see the human body. Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):443-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12373734 Comment in: Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):436-40. 3. Guyer RL. Metamorphosis: beautiful education to smarmy edutainment. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):30-1; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454990 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. 4. Jones NL. A visual anthropological approach to the "edutainment" of BODY WORLDS. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):40-2; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454995 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. 5. Jones DG. Re-inventing anatomy: the impact of plastination on how we see the human body. Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):436-40. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12373732

2 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Body Worlds - Articles Comment on: Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):441-2. Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):443-4. 6. Jones DG, Whitaker MI. Engaging with plastination and the Body Worlds phenomenon: a cultural and intellectual challenge for anatomists. Clin Anat. 2009 Sep;22(6):770-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19585569 Comment in: Clin Anat. 2009 Nov;22(8):941. Clin Anat. 2009 Nov;22(8):942. 7. Jones DG, Whitaker MI. The tenuous world of plastinates. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):27-9; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454989 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. 8. Latorre RM, García-Sanz MP, Moreno M, Hernández F, Gil F, López O, Ayala MD, Ramírez G, Vázquez JM, Arencibia A, Henry RW. How useful is plastination in learning anatomy? J Vet Med Educ. 2007 Spring;34(2):172-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446645 9. Leiberich P, Loew T, Tritt K, Lahmann C, Nickel M. Body worlds exhibition--visitor attitudes and emotions. Ann Anat. 2006 Nov;188(6):567-73. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17140151 10. Lozanoff S. Re-inventing anatomy: the impact of plastination on how we see the human body. Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):441-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12373733 Comment in: Clin Anat. 2002 Nov;15(6):436-40. 11. Maienschein J, Creath R. BODY WORLDS as education and humanism. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):26-7; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454988 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. 12. Myser C. Taking public education seriously: BODY WORLDS, the science museum, and democratizing bioethics education. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):34-6; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454992 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. 13. Tong R. The virtues of blurring boundaries in BODY WORLDS. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):32-3; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454991 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23 14. Wassersug R. Awesome and captivating, but is it really educational? Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):45-7; discussion W1-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454998 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23. 15. Youngner SJ. The stakes are not very high in this game. Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):42-3; discussion W1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454996 Comment on: Am J Bioeth. 2007 Apr;7(4):12-23.

3 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Body Worlds - Websites 1. Body Worlds http://www.bodyworlds.com/en.html 2. Body Worlds http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_Worlds 3. Body Worlds Pictures http://www.zimbio.com/Body+Worlds/pictures/2/Body+Worlds+Pictures 4. Selected exhibits from Body Worlds, the anatomical exhibition of real human bodies http://www.guardian.co.uk/gall/0,8542,669680,00.html

Body Worlds – Videos and Webcasts 1. Body Worlds Exposition: Part 1 3 min - Oct 4, 2007 - Uploaded by WatchMojo Gunther von Hagen's Body Worlds Exposition is the Anatomical Exhibition of Real Human Bodies Through Plastination youtube.com - Related videos 2. Body Worlds Exposition: Part 1 3 min - Oct 5, 2007 3. Gunther von Hagen's Body Worlds Exposition is the Anatomical Exhibition of Real Human Bodies Through Plastination metacafe.com - Related videos 4. Body World Exposition: Part 2 2 min - Oct 12, 2007 - Uploaded by WatchMojo www.WatchMojo.com Video on Body World Exposition Part 2 youtube.com - Related videos 5. Body Worlds - Plastic Corpses! 4 min - Aug 8, 2006 - Uploaded by olsonk999 An exhibition of human corpses is offering a new opportunity for life after death that's as easy as filing a simple form. Then you ... youtube.com - Related videos 6. BODY WORLDS :: BODY WORLDS & The Brain ... Sep 12, 2009 BODY WORLDS Exhibit at the San Diego Natural History Museum Get the Flash Player to see this player. Watch a sneak preview ... sdnhm.org - Related videos 7. BODY WORLDS by Gunther von Haggens 2 min - Oct 13, 2008 - Uploaded by genjiko an advertisment of Body Worlds youtube.com - Related videos 8. Body Worlds 10 min - Jun 24, 2008 - Uploaded by abelsonb Dr. Brian Abelson and Dr. Tarveen Ahluwalia film the Body Worlds One exhibition at the Telus World of Science in Edmonton ... youtube.com - Related videos 9. BODY WORLDS Video Apr 7, 2009 Video WARNING SENSITIVE PEOPLE DO NOT WATCH THIS The German artist Gunther von Hagens utilise a method called ... disclose.tv - Related videos 10. Body Worlds on Vimeo

4 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Body Worlds – Videos and Webcasts Sep 29, 2008 The Body World exhibit at the Leonardo in Salt Lake City vimeo.com - Related videos 11. Mel Van Dusen presents Gunther von Hagens ... 29 min - Dec 17, 2007 Plastination is a technique patented in 1982 by Dr. Gunther von Hagens. Using this technique, water and fat are replaced by certain ... video.google.com - Related videos

Anatomy and the Holocaust - The Pernkopf Atlas - Articles 1. Allen P. On first looking into Pernkopf's Atlas: some further comments. Arch Dermatol. 2002 Feb;138(2):266-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11843653 Comment on: Arch Dermatol. 2001 May;137(5):549-51. 2. Atlas MC. Ethics and access to teaching materials in the medical library: the case of the Pernkopf atlas. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 2001 Jan;89(1):51-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11209801 Comment in: Bull Med Libr Assoc. 2001 Jul;89(3):309. 3. Holubar (2000). "The Pernkopf Story: the Austrian Perspective of 1998, 60 Years After it All Began." Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 43(3): 7. 4. Hover LM. Note to "Ethics and Access to Teaching Material in the Medical Library: The Case of the Pernkopf Atlas". Bull Med Libr Assoc. 2001 Jul;89(3):309. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11465693 Comment on: Bull Med Libr Assoc. 2001 Jan;89(1):51-8. 5. MacIntyre CR, King CL, Isaacs D. Ethics and access to teaching materials in the medical library: the case of the Pernkopf atlas. Med J Aust. 2006 Mar 6;184(5):254-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16515444 6. Malina P. Eduard Pernkopf's atlas of anatomy or: the fiction of "pure science". Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1998 Feb 27;110(4-5):193-201. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9544483 7. Norton SA. On first looking into Pernkopf's atlas (part 1). Arch Dermatol. 2001 May;137(5):549-51. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11346331 Comment in: Arch Dermatol. 2002 Feb;138(2):266-7. 8. Norton SA. On first looking into Pernkopf's atlas (part 2). Arch Dermatol. 2001 Jul;137(7):867-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11453803 9. Querido D. Pernkopf's Atlas--a product of Nazi atrocities perpetrated in Austria during World War II. S Afr Med J. 1998 Aug;88(8):956-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9754204 Comment in: S Afr Med J. 1998 Dec;88(12):1534-5. 10. Panush RS. Upon finding a Nazi anatomy atlas: the lessons of Nazi medicine. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc. 1996 Fall;59(4):18-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9130854

5 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Cancer and the Holocaust – Books 1. Proctor, Robert N: The Nazi War on Cancer. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1999.

Cardiovascular Diseases and the Holocaust – Articles 1. Silverberg DS, Aviram A, Carel RS. Hypertension in European immigrants to Israel: those who experienced the Holocaust and those who did not. J Hypertens Suppl. 1985 Dec;3(3):S383-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2856745

Dentistry and the Holocaust – Articles 1. Riaud X. History of dental surgery at Buchenwald (1937-45): witnesses, archives, statistics. Dent Hist. 2004 May;(41):27-33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15495652 2. Riaud X. Medical ethics under a totalitarian regime: German dentists and the Third Reich. Dent Hist. 2007 Jul;(45):76-86. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17867449 3. Reisman A. They helped modernize Turkey's medical education and practice: refugees from Nazism 1933-1945. Gesnerus. 2008;65(1-2):56-85. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18828570 4. Wahl N. Jewish dentists under Hitler. Dent Hist. 2007 Jan;(44):59-72. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17450717 5. Zamet JS. Aliens or colleagues? Refugees from Nazi oppression 1933-1945. Br Dent J. 2006 Sep 23;201(6):397-407. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16990924 6. Zamet J. Forgotten dentists. Br Dent J. 2005 Feb 12;198(3):121. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15706359

Dermatology and the Holocaust - Articles 1. Ackerman AB. The importance of remembering Karel Fleischmann. Int J Dermatol. 2004 Feb;43(2):155-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15125512 2. Eppinger S, Meurer M, Scholz A. The emigration of Germany's Jewish dermatologists in the period of National Socialism. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2003 Sep;17(5):525-30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12941086 3. Hoenig LJ, Spenser T, Tarsi A. Dr Karel Fleischmann: the story of an artist and physician in Ghetto Terezin. Int J Dermatol. 2004 Feb;43(2):129-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15125504 4. Holubar K. Jews in dermatology. Am J Dermatopathol. 1986 Apr;8(2):181-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3521367 5. Holubar K, Fatović-Ferencić S. 2002, a hundred years after Kaposi – a post-holocaust coup d'oeuil of Vienna's Jewish heritage in dermatology. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Nov;117(5):1329-30.

6 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Dermatology and the Holocaust - Articles PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11710956 6. Scholz A, Eppinger S. The fate of Germany's Jewish dermatologists in the period of National Socialism. Int J Dermatol. 1999 Sep;38(9):716-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10517694

Dermatology and the Holocaust – Books 1. Weyers, Wolfgang: Death of Medicine in Nazi Germany: Dermatology and Dermatopathology Under the Swastika. Ardor Scribendi, Ltd., Philadelphia, PA, 1998.

Disabilities and the Holocaust – Articles 1. Davis WS. Disability and bioethics: removing barriers to understanding and setting the agenda for a new conversation. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):64-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954606 2. Dugan JC. The conflict between "disabling" and "enabling" paradigms in law: sterilization, the developmentally disabled, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Cornell Law Rev. 1993 Mar;78(3):507-42. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11659683 3. Garcia SA. Disability: societal responses to difference and interdisciplinary interventions by bioethicists. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):62-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954605 4. Haimowitz S. Disability matters: differences and rights. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):53-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954599 5. Herissone-Kelly P. Bioethics in the United Kingdom: genetic screening, disability rights, and the erosion of trust. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2003 Summer;12(3):235-41. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12889326 6. Knifton C. Non-consensual sterilization of the adult with learning disabilities. Br J Nurs. 1998 Oct 22-Nov 11;7(19):1172-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9866467 7. Kuczewski MG. Disability: an agenda for bioethics. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):36-44. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954592 8. Kuczewski M, Kirschner K. Special issue: Bioethics & disability. Theor Med Bioeth. 2003;24(6):455- 8. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14750542 9. Parens E. How long has this been going on? Disability issues, disability studies, and bioethics. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):54-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954600 10. Petersen TS. Just diagnosis? Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and injustices to disabled people. J Med Ethics. 2005 Apr;31(4):231-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15800365 11. Powers M. Some reflections on disability and bioethics. Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):51-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954598 12. Wasserman D. Bioethics and disability: what's health got to do with it? Am J Bioeth. 2001 Summer;1(3):59-60. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954603

7 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Disabilities and the Holocaust – Books 1. Evans, Suzanne E: Forgotten Crimes: The Holocaust and People with Disabilities. Ivan R. Dee, Chicago, IL, 2004.

Disabilities and the Holocaust – Websites 1. Mentally and Physically Handicapped Victims of the Nazi Era http://www.ushmm.org/education/resource/handic/handicapped.php 2. Nazi Persecution of Persons with Disabilities http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/disabilities/

Disabilities and the Holocaust – Videos and Webcasts

1. Legitimizing the Unthinkable: A Disability Rights Perspective on Nazi Medicine with Harriet Mcbryde Johnson Nazi science and medicine focused on eliminating both physical and mental impairments, real and perceived, as part of the path to "racial purity." Eugenics-based sterilization policies in Germany and throughout the world as well as the Nazis' so-called "euthanasia" program were often justified by physicians and scientists as relieving individual suffering while contributing to the "greater good." Renowned author, advocate, and attorney Harriet McBryde Johnson brought a disability rights perspective to bear on issues raised by the Museum's Deadly Medicine exhibition. http://www.ushmm.org/museum/publicprograms/programs/insights/2006/tv/#01-medical_ethics

Listen To Full Program > View C-Span2 Book Tv Video Of The Complete March 29 Event Questions About Language Reaction To The Phrase "Wheelchair-Bound" Protesting Telethons The Concept Of Cure Johnson's Response To Deadly Medicine Institutionalization Reading From Johnson's Book

Gastroenterology - Articles 1. Cappell MS. Profound long-term effects of Nazism on patient care in gastroenterology. Isr Med Assoc J. 2008 Apr;10(4):259-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18548977 2. Cappell MS. The effect of Nazism on medical progress in gastroenterology: the inefficiency of evil. Dig Dis Sci. 2006 Jun;51(6):1137-58. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16865585 3. Stermer E, Bar H, Levy N. Chronic functional gastrointestinal symptoms in Holocaust survivors. Am

8 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Gastroenterology - Articles J Gastroenterol. 1991 Apr;86(4):417-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2012042

HIV/AIDS – Articles 1. Clark PA. A legacy of mistrust: African-Americans, the medical profession, and AIDS. Linacre Q. 1998 Feb;65(1):66-88. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660554 2. Des Jarlais DC, Stepherson B. History, ethics, and politics in AIDS prevention research. Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1393-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed Comment on: Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1498-505. Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1506-17. 3. Grunfeld GB. Dissimilarities between Tuskegee Study and HIV/AIDS programs emphasized. Am J Public Health. 1992 Aug;82(8):1176. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 4. Guinan ME. Black communities' belief in "AIDS as genocide". A barrier to overcome for HIV prevention. Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Mar;3(2):193-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8269075 5. Jones JH. The Tuskegee legacy. AIDS and the black community. Hastings Cent Rep. 1992 Nov- Dec;22(6):38-40. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1428848 6. Levine RJ. The impact of HIV infection on society's perception of clinical trials. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 1994 Jun;4(2):93-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10134752 7. Richardson L. An old experiment's legacy: distrust of AIDS treatment. NY Times (Print). 1997 Apr 21:A1, B4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647198 8. Stebbing J, Bower M. Lessons for HIV from Tuskegee. J HIV Ther. 2004 Sep;9(3):50-2. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15534560 9. Stolberg SG. U.S. AIDS research in poor nations raises outcry on ethics. NY Times (Print). 1997 Sep 18:A33. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11647256 10. Thomas SB, Quinn SC. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932 to 1972: implications for HIV education and AIDS risk education programs in the black community. Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1498-505. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1951814 11. Turner MT. Questions about a placebo-controlled trial of preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV- infected Ugandans. N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 19;338(12):841-2. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9508640. 12. Whitfield L. Black plague. Posit Aware. 1997 Sep-Oct;8(5):40-3, 45-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11364640

Infectious Diseases - Articles 1. Eckart WU, Vondra H. Malaria and World War II: German malaria experiments 1939-45.

9 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Infectious Diseases - Articles Parassitologia. 2000 Jun;42(1-2):53-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11234332

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Articles 1. Andersson P. Post-traumatic stress symptoms linked to hidden Holocaust trauma among adult Finnish evacuees separated from their parents as children in World War II, 1939-1945: a case- control study. Int Psychogeriatr. 2010 Sep 20:1-8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20849674 2. Angel K. Defining psychiatry: Aubrey Lewis's 1938 report and the Rockefeller Foundation. Med Hist Suppl. 2003;(22):39-56. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15915728 3. Anisfeld L, Richards AD. The replacement child. Variations on a theme in history and psychoanalysis. Psychoanal Study Child. 2000;55:301-18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11338994 4. Benedict S, Chelouche T. Meseritz-Obrawalde: a 'wild euthanasia' hospital of Nazi Germany. Hist Psychiatry. 2008 Mar;19(73 Pt 1):68-76. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19127829 5. Benson PR, Roth LH. Trends in the social control of medical and psychiatric research. Law Ment Health. 1988;4:1-47. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11655151 6. Birley JL. Political abuse of psychiatry. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2000;399:13-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10794019 7. Bower H. The concentration camp syndrome. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1994 Sep;28(3):391-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7893231 8. Brüne M. Evolutionary fallacies of Nazi psychiatry. Implications for current research. Perspect Biol Med. 2001 Summer;44(3):426-33. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11482011 9. Brüne M. On human self-domestication, psychiatry, and eugenics. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2007 Oct 5;2:21. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17919321 10. Brunner J, Schrempf M, Steger F. Johannes Heinrich Schultz and National Socialism. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2008;45(4):257-62. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19439831 11. Burleigh M. Psychiatry, German society, and the Nazi "euthanasia" programme. Soc Hist Med. 1994 Aug;7(2):213-28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11645892 12. Caplan AL. Are existing safeguards adequate? J Calif Alliance Ment Ill. 1994;5(1):36-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653316 13. Capron AM. Ethical and human-rights issues in research on mental disorders that may affect decision-making capacity. N Engl J Med. 1999 May 6;340(18):1430-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10228198 14. Charny IW. A personality disorder of excessive power strivings. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1997;34(1):3-15; discussion 16-7. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9175338 15. Cocks G. The devil and the details: psychoanalysis in the Third Reich. Psychoanal Rev. 2001 Apr;88(2):225-44. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11554269 16. David AS. "To see oursels as others see us". Aubrey Lewis's insight. Br J Psychiatry. 1999

10 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Articles Sep;175:210-6. . PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10645320 17. Delius P, Dilling H. The end of the Strecknitz asylum at Lübeck – a contribution to the social history of psychiatry during National Socialism. Hist Psychiatry. 1995 Sep;6(23 Pt 3):267-81. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11639848 18. Diekema DS. Involuntary sterilization of persons with mental retardation: an ethical analysis. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2003;9(1):21-6. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12587134 19. Dowben C, Heartwell SF. Legal implications of sterilization of the mentally retarded. Am J Dis Child. 1979 Jul;133(7):697-9. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12085865 20. Dudley M, Gale F. Psychiatrists as a moral community? Psychiatry under the Nazis and its contemporary relevance. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2002 Oct;36(5):585-94. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12225440 21. Dyer C. Sterilisation of mentally handicapped girl authorised. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 May 9;294(6581):1219. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11658872 22. Engdahl B, Dikel TN, Eberly R, Blank A Jr. Posttraumatic stress disorder in a community group of former prisoners of war: a normative response to severe trauma. Am J Psychiatry. 1997 Nov;154(11):1576-81. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9356567 23. Engstrom EJ. Nazi psychoanalysis. Hist Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;17(66 Pt 2):237-41. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17146992 24. Estacio RA. Sterilization of the mentally disabled in Pennsylvania: three generations without legislative guidance are enough. Dickinson Law Rev. 1988 Winter;92(2):409-36. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11659036 25. Flynn JT. Werner Ernst Reichardt Ph.D: founder of modern computational visual neurophysiology and anti-Nazi resistance fighter. Doc Ophthalmol. 1999;99(3):225-36. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11108122 26. Forstmeier S, Kuwert P, Spitzer C, Freyberger HJ, Maercker A. Posttraumatic growth, social acknowledgment as survivors, and sense of coherence in former German child soldiers of World War II. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009 Dec;17(12):1030-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20104060 27. Freedman AM, Halpern AL. The psychiatrist's dilemma: a conflict of roles in legal executions. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1999 Oct;33(5):629-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10544985 28. Gejman PV. Ernst Rüdin and Nazi euthanasia: another stain on his career. Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jul 25;74(4):455-6; author reply 461-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9259387 Comment in: • Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jul 25;74(4):345-7. Comment on: • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):332-7. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):343-6. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):317-22. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):323-31. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):338-42. 29. Gershon ES. Ernst Rüdin, a Nazi psychiatrist and geneticist. Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jul 25;74(4):457-8; author reply 461-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9259388

11 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Articles Comment on: • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):323-31. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):343-6. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):338-42. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):317-22. • Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):332-7. 30. Gerwood JB. Meaning and love in Viktor Frankl's writing: reports from the Holocaust. Psychol Rep. 1994 Dec;75(3 Pt 1):1075-81. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7892370 31. Goggin JE, Goggin EB. Politics, ideology, and the psychoanalytic movement before, during, and after the Third Reich. Psychoanal Rev. 2001 Apr;88(2):155-93. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11554267 32. Golier JA, Yehuda R, Lupien SJ, Harvey PD. Memory for trauma-related information in Holocaust survivors with PTSD. Psychiatry Res. 2003 Dec 1;121(2):133-43. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/14656448 33. Gottesman II, Bertelsen A. Legacy of German psychiatric genetics: hindsight is always 20/20. Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):317-22. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8837696 Comment in: • Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jul 25;74(4):457-8; author reply 461-3. • Am J Med Genet. 1997 Jul 25;74(4):455-6; author reply 461-3. 34. Haefner H. Comment on E.F. Torrey and R.H. Yolken: "Psychiatric genocide: Nazi attempts to eradicate schizophrenia" (Schizophr Bull. 2010;36/1:26-32) and R.D. Strous: "psychiatric genocide: reflections and responsibilities" (Schizophr Bull. Advance access publication on February 4, 2010; doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq003). Schizophr Bull. 2010 May;36(3):450-4. Epub 2010 Apr 26. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20421336 Comment on: Schizophr Bull. 2010 Jan;36(1):26-32. Schizophr Bull. 2010 Mar;36(2):208-10. 35. Hassenfeld IN. Doctor-patient relations in Nazi Germany and the fate of psychiatric patients. Psychiatr Q. 2002 Fall;73(3):183-94. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12143080 36. Hunter E. The snake on the caduceus: dimensions of medical and psychiatric responsibility in the Third Reich. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1993 Mar;27(1):149-56. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8481155 37. Karenberg A. Neurosciences and the Third Reich introduction. J Hist Neurosci. 2006 Sep;15(3):168-72. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16887758 38. Kestenberg JS. What a psychoanalyst learned from the Holocaust and genocide. Int J Psychoanal. 1993 Dec;74 ( Pt 6):1117-29. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8138358 39. Kestenberg JS, Brenner I. Children who survived the Holocaust. The role of rules and routines in the development of the superego. Int J Psychoanal. 1986;67 ( Pt 3):309-16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2427463 40. Klein H, Kogan I. Identification processes and denial in the shadow of Nazism. Int J Psychoanal. 1986;67 ( Pt 1):45-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3699989 41. Knifton C. Non-consensual sterilization of the adult with learning disabilities. Br J Nurs. 1998 Oct 22-Nov 11;7(19):1172-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9866467 42. Krysinska K, Lester D, Martin G. Suicidal behavior after a traumatic event. J Trauma Nurs. 2009 Apr-Jun;16(2):103-10. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19543020

12 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Articles 43. Laves BS. Legal aspects of experimentation with institutionalized mentally disabled subjects. J Clin Pharmacol New Drugs. 1976 Part 2): 592-599, Oct;16(10):Unknown. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11664683 44. Letterie GS, Fox WF Jr. Legal aspects of involuntary sterilization. Fertil Steril. 1990 Mar;53(3):391- 8. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2407562 45. Lewis A. Aubrey Lewis's report on his visits to psychiatric centres in Europe in 1937. Med Hist Suppl. 2003;(22):64-147. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15915730 46. Lewis A. Aubrey Lewis's introduction to his report. Med Hist Suppl. 2003;(22):57-63. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15915729 47. Lindström B, Eriksson M. Contextualizing salutogenesis and Antonovsky in public health development. Health Promot Int. 2006 Sep;21(3):238-44. Epub 2006 May 22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16717056 48. López-Muñoz F, Alamo C, Dudley M, Rubio G, García-García P, Molina JD, Okasha A. Psychiatry and political-institutional abuse from the historical perspective: the ethical lessons of the Nuremberg Trial on their 60th anniversary. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007 May 9;31(4):791-806. Epub 2006 Dec 15. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17223241 49. Lothane Z. Introduction: Psychiatry, psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis in the Third Reich. Psychoanal Rev. 2001 Apr;88(2):143-53. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11554266 50. Lothane Z. The deal with the devil to "save" psychoanalysis in Nazi Germany. Psychoanal Rev. 2001 Apr;88(2):195-224. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11554268 51. Macleod S. Mrs Hitler and her doctor. Australas Psychiatry. 2005 Dec;13(4):412-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16403142 52. McKeown M, Mercer D. Mental health care and resistance to fascism. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2010 Mar;17(2):152-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 53. Meyer JE. The fate of the mentally ill in Germany during the Third Reich. Psychol Med. 1988 Aug;18(3):575-81. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3054989 54. Midlarsky E, Fagin Jones S, Corley RP. Personality correlates of heroic rescue during the holocaust. J Pers. 2005 Aug;73(4):907-34. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15958139 55. Nedelmann C. No reconciliation, but self-searching in the sense of rapprochement: Hillel Klein's Holocaust research in Germany 40 years after. Int J Psychoanal. 2005 Aug;86(Pt 4):1133-42. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040313 56. Ornstein A. Survival and recovery: psychoanalytic reflections. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2001 Jan- Feb;9(1):13-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11159929 57. Ostow M. The psychodynamics of apocalyptic: discussion of papers on identification and the Nazi phenomenon. Int J Psychoanal. 1986;67 ( Pt 3):277-85. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3744687 58. Perrin JC. A considered approach to sterilization of mentally retarded youth. Am J Dis Child. 1976 Mar;130(3):288-90. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12085870 59. Peters UH. On Nazi psychiatry. Psychoanal Rev. 2001 Apr;88(2):295-309. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11554272 60. Pieczanski P, Matusevich D. Re: psychiatry in the Nazi era. Can J Psychiatry. 2006 Mar;51(3):203; author reply 203-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:

13 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16618012 61. Pieczanski P, Matusevich D. Re: psychiatry in the Nazi era. Can J Psychiatry. 2006 Mar;51(3):203; author reply 203-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16618012 62. Propping P. The biography of psychiatric genetics: from early achievements to historical burden, from an anxious society to critical geneticists. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2005 Jul 5;136B(1):2-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15924298

Psychiatric Genocide: Nazi attempts to eradicate schizophrenia Torrey EF, Yolken RH. Psychiatric genocide: Nazi attempts to eradicate schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2010 Jan;36(1):26-32. Epub 2009 Sep 16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759092 Haefner H. Comment on E.F. Torrey and R.H. Yolken: "Psychiatric genocide: Nazi attempts to eradicate schizophrenia" (Schizophr Bull. 2010;36/1:26-32) and R.D. Strous: "psychiatric genocide: reflections and responsibilities" (Schizophr Bull. Advance access publication on February 4, 2010; doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq003). Schizophr Bull. 2010 May;36(3):450-4. Epub 2010 Apr 26. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20421336 Strous RD. Psychiatric genocide: reflections and responsibilities. Schizophr Bull. 2010 Mar;36(2):208- 10. Epub 2010 Feb 4. . PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133386

63. Radil-Weiss T. Men in extreme conditions: some medical and psychological aspects of the Auschwitz concentration camp. Psychiatry. 1983 Aug;46(3):259-69. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6622601 64. Roelcke V, Hoendorf G, Rotzoll M. Psychiatric research and "euthanasia": the case of the psychiatric department at the University of Heidelberg, 1941-1945. Psychoanal Rev. 2001 Apr;88(2):275-94. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11554271 65. Ryn Z. Between life and death: experiences of concentration camp mussulmen during the holocaust. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1990 Feb;116(1):5-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2328915 66. Samuels A. National psychology, national socialism, and analytical psychology: reflections on Jung and anti-semitism. Part II. J Anal Psychol. 1992 Apr;37(2):127-47. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/1629033 67. Sargent DA. Treating the condemned to death. Hastings Cent Rep. 1986 Dec;16(6):5-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3804727 68. Schmolling P. Human reactions to the Nazi concentration camps: a summing up. J Human Stress. 1984 Fall;10(3):108-20. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6394649 69. Seeman MV. Psychiatry in the Nazi era. Can J Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;50(4):218-25. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15898461 Comment in: Can J Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;50(4):218-25. 70. Solomon Z. Responses of mental health professionals to man-made trauma: the Israeli experience. Soc Sci Med. 1996 Sep;43(5):769-74. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8870141 71. Solomon Z, Kotler M, Mikulincer M. Combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder among second- generation Holocaust survivors: preliminary findings. Am J Psychiatry. 1988 Jul;145(7):865-8.

14 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Articles PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/3381934 72. Soskin RM. Sterilization of the mentally retarded. The rules change but the results remain the same. Med Law. 1983;2(3):267-76. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6371426 73. Strous R. Extermination of the Jewish mentally-ill during the Nazi era—the "doubly cursed". Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2008;45(4):247-56. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 74. Strous RD. Psychiatric genocide: reflections and responsibilities. Schizophr Bull. 2010 Mar;36(2):208-10. Epub 2010 Feb 4. . PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133386 75. Strous RD. Psychiatry during the Nazi era: ethical lessons for the modern professional. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2007 Feb 27;6:8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17326822 76. Strous RD. To protect or to publish: confidentiality and the fate of the mentally ill victims of Nazi euthanasia. J Med Ethics. 2009 Jun;35(6):361-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19482979 77. Torrey EF, Yolken RH. Psychiatric genocide: Nazi attempts to eradicate schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2010 Jan;36(1):26-32. Epub 2009 Sep 16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759092 78. von Cranach M. The killing of psychiatric patients in Nazi Germany between 1939-1945. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2003;40(1):8-18; discussion 19-28. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12817666 79. Weindling P. Psychiatry and the Holocaust. Psychol Med. 1992 Feb;22(1):1-3. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/1574546 80. Wieland-Burston J. The reception of Holocaust research in the world of psychology. J Anal Psychol. 2005 Sep;50(4):503-19. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16138838

Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Books 1. Bair, Deirdre: Jung: A Biography. Little, Brown and Company, Boston, MA, 2003. 2. Brecht, Karen, Friedrich, Volker, Hermanns, Ludger M. et al (Eds.): “Here Life Goes On In a Most Peculiar Way…” Psychoanalysis Before and After 1933. Kellner Verlag, , Germany, 2000. 3. Cocks, Geoffrey: Psychotherapy in the Third Reich: The Goring Institute, Second Edition. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ, 1997. 4. Cocks, Geoffrey: Treating Mind & Body: Essays in the History of Science, Professions, and Society Under Extreme Conditions. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ, 1998. 5. Dowbiggin, Ian Robert: Keeping America Sane: Psychiatry and Eugenics in the United States and Canada 1880-1940. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 2003. 6. Edmundson, Mark: The Death of Signund Freud: The Legacy of His Last Days. Bloomsbury, New York, NY, 2007. 7. Gabbard, Glen O (Ed.): Psychoanalysis & Film. Karnac, London, England, 2000. 8. Goggin, James E, and Goggin, Eileen Brockman: Death of a “Jewish Science”: Psychoanalysis in the Third Reich. Purdue University Press, West Lafayette, IN, 2001. 9. Gosney, E.S. and Popenoe Paul: Sterilization for Human Betterment Historical Issues in Mental Health). Arno Press, New York, NY, 1980. 10. Kandel, Eric R: In Search of Memory: The Emergence of a New Science of Mind. WW Norton & Co., New York, NY, 2006.

15 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

11. Kestenberg, Judith S and Brenner, Ira: The Last Witness: The Child Survivor of the Holocaust. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, D.C., 1996. 12. Koenigsberg, Richard A.: The Psychoanalysis of Racism, Revolution and Nationalism. Library of Social Science, Elmhurst, NY, 1977. 13. Lapon, Lenny: Mass Murderers in White Coats: Psychiatric Genocide in Nazi Germany and The United States. Psychiatric Genocide Research Institute, Springfield, MA, 1986. 14. Moreno, Jonathan D: Mind Wars: Brain Research and National Defense. Dana Press, New York, NY, 2006. 15. Röder, Thomas, Kubilllus, Volker and Burwell, Anthony: Psychiatrists—The Men Behind Hitler. Freedom Publishing, Los Angeles, CA, 1995. 16. Shephard, Ben: A War of Nerves: Soldiers and Psychiatrists in the Twentieth Century. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2001. 17. Weindling, Paul J: John W. Thompson: Psychiatrist in the Shadow of the Holocaust. University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY, 2010.

Nursing - Articles

AJN and War 1. Roberts K. AJN and war. Am J Nurs. 2009 Nov;109(11):13. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19858835 2. Stone R. AJN and war. Am J Nurs. 2009 Nov;109(11):13. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19858834 3. Brugman S. AJN and war. Am J Nurs. 2009 Nov;109(11):13, 15. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19858833 Comment on: Am J Nurs. 2009 Aug;109(8):44-9.

4. Anderson G, Rorty MV. Key points for developing an international declaration on nursing, human rights, human genetics and public health policy. Nurs Ethics. 2001 May;8(3):259-71. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16010919 5. Beckerman A. A personal journal of caring through esthetic knowing. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1994 Sep;17(1):71-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7979268 6. Benedict S. Killing while caring: the nurses of Hadamar. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2003 Jan- Feb;24(1):59-79. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12735075 7. Benedict S. The nadir of nursing: nurse-perpetrators of the Ravensbrück concentration camp. Nurs Hist Rev. 2003;11:129-46. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12418154 8. Benedict S, Georges JM. Nurses and the sterilization experiments of Auschwitz: a postmodernist perspective. Nurs Inq. 2006 Dec;13(4):277-88. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17100802 9. Benedict S, Georges JM. Nurses in the Nazi "euthanasia" program: a critical feminist analysis. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2009 Jan-Mar;32(1):63-74. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19218841 10. Benedict S, Kuhla J. Nurses' participation in the euthanasia programs of Nazi Germany. West J Nurs Res. 1999 Apr;21(2):246-63. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11512180 11. Berghs M, Dierckx de Casterlé B, Gastmans C. The complexity of nurses' attitudes toward euthanasia: a review of the literature. J Med Ethics. 2005 Aug;31(8):441-6. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:

16 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Nursing - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16076966 12. Berghs M, Dierckx de Casterlé B, Gastmans C. Nursing, obedience, and complicity with eugenics: a contextual interpretation of nursing morality at the turn of the twentieth century. J Med Ethics. 2006 Feb;32(2):117-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16446419 13. Berghs M, Dierckx de Casterlé B, Gastmans C. Practices of responsibility and nurses during the euthanasia programs of Nazi Germany: a discussion paper. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007 Jul;44(5):845-54. Epub 2006 Jul 5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16824527 14. Brush BL. Caring for life: nursing during the Holocaust. Nurs Hist Rev. 2002;10:69-81. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11852757 15. Brush BL. Nursing care and context in Theresienstadt. West J Nurs Res. 2004 Dec;26(8):860-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15539532 16. Georges JM, Benedict S. An ethics of testimony: prisoner nurses at Auschwitz. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2006 Apr-Jun;29(2):161-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16717495 17. Holmes CA. Nazism and nursing: a comment on relevance. Int Hist Nurs J. 1996 Autumn;2(1):5-24. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11613457 18. Lagerwey MD. The Third Reich, nursing, and AJN. Am J Nurs. 2009 Aug;109(8):44-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19641408 Comment in: Am J Nurs. 2009 Nov;109(11):13, 15. 19. McKie A. 'The demolition of a man': lessons from Holocaust literature for the teaching of nursing ethics. Nurs Ethics. 2004 Mar;11(2):138-49. . PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15030022 20. Quaghebeur T, Dierckx de Casterlé B, Gastmans C. Nursing and euthanasia: a review of argument-based ethics literature. Nurs Ethics. 2009 Jul;16(4):466-86. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19528103 21. Reverby SM. Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Nurse Rivers, silence and the meaning of treatment. Nurs Hist Rev. 1999;7:3-28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10063364

Nursing – Books

1. McFarland-Icke, B.R. (1999). Nurses in Nazi Germany: Moral choice in history. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 2. Ritvo, Roger A. and Plotkin, Diane M.: Sisters in Sorrow: Voices of Care in the Holocaust. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, TX, 1998.

Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health - Articles

1. Peleg R. Gisella Perl: a Jewish gynecologist in Auschwitz. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2005 Sep;14(7):588-91. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16181013

17 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

2. Rudloff U, Ludwig H. Jewish gynecologists in Germany in the first half of the twentieth century. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2005 Oct;272(4):245-60. Epub 2005 Oct 13. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16086229

Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health - Books

1. Koonz, Claudia: Mothers in the Fatherland: Women, the Family and Nazi Politics. Jonathan Cape Ltd., London, Great Britain, 1986.

Abortion – Articles 1. Chelouche T. Doctors, pregnancy, childbirth and abortion during the Third Reich. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Mar;9(3):202-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17402341 2. David HP, Fleischhacker J, Höhn C. Abortion and eugenics in Nazi Germany. Popul Dev Rev. 1988 Mar;14(1):81-112. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11655915 3. Hunt, John. The Abortion and Eugenics Policies of Nazi Germany. Association for Interdisciplinary Research in Values and Social Change. 2001. 16(1). Available online at: http://www.lifeissues.net/writers/air/air_vol16no1_2001.html 4. Jacoby, Jeff. Abortion and the echo of eugenics. The Boston Globe. July 26, 2009. Available online at: http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2009/07/26/abortion_and_the_ech o_of_eugenics/ 5. Savage, Charlie. On Nixon Tapes, Ambivalence Over Abortion, Not Watergate. New York Times. June 23, 2009. Available online at: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/24/us/politics/24nixon.html?_r=2 6. Usborne C. Abortion in Weimar Germany -- the debate amongst the medical profession. Contin Chang. 1990;5(2):199-224. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 7. Will, George F. Eugenics By Abortion: Is perfection an entitlement? The Washington Post. April 14, 2005. Page A27. Available online at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A51671- 2005Apr13.html

Abortion - Books 1. Brennan, William: The Abortion Holocaust: Today’s Final Solution. Landmark Press, St. Louis, MO, 1983. 2. Farmer, Ann: By Their Fruits: Eugenics, Population Control, and the Abortion Campaign. The Catholic University Press of America, Washington, D.C., 2008. 3. Grossman, Atina: Reforming Sex: The German Movement for Birth Control & Abortion Reform 1920-1950. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 1995. 4. Reagan, Ronald: Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation. Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville, TN, 1984. 5. Schoen, Johanna: Choice & Coercion: Birth Control, Sterilization, and Abortion in Public Health and Welfare. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 2005.

18 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Abortion – Websites

1. Abortion and Eugenics. http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/users/rauch/abortion_eugenics/ 2. Debates: Law – Should abortion be correlated to Eugenics? http://debates.juggle.com/should-abortion-be-correlated-to-eugenics

Birth Control – Articles 1. Cannon, Carl M. Abortion, Eugenics and the meaning of Margaret Sanger. Politics Daily. Available online at: http://www.politicsdaily.com/2009/07/22/ginsburgs-remark-stirs-an-old-debate- abortion-eugenics-and-th/ 2. Reed, Miriam. Do Liberals Owe An Apology to the Victims of Sterilization? The Case of Margaret Sanger. History News Network. September 1, 2003. Available online at: http://hnn.us/articles/1662.html

Birth Control – Books 1. Franks, Angela: Margaret Sanger’s Eugenic Legacy: The Control of Female Fertility. McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, NC, 2005. 2. Reed, Miriam, ed. Margaret Sanger: Her Life in Her Words. Fort Lee, MJ: Barricade Books, 2003. 3. Schoen, Johanna: Choice & Coercion: Birth Control, Sterilization, and Abortion in Public Health and Welfare. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 2005.

Birth Control – Websites 1. Margaret Sanger Papers Project http://www.nyu.edu/projects/sanger/ 2. Margaret Sanger Papers Project Research Annex (blog) http://sangerpapers.wordpress.com/

Sterilization – Coerced and Compulsory - Articles 1. Benedict S, Georges JM. Nurses and the sterilization experiments of Auschwitz: a postmodernist perspective. Nurs Inq. 2006 Dec;13(4):277-88. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17100802 2. Birnbaum M. Eugenic sterilization: a discussion of certain legal, medical, and moral aspects of

19 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Sterilization – Coerced and Compulsory - Articles present practices in our public mental institutions. JAMA. 1961 Mar 18;175(11):951-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12332119 3. Branigin W. Va. apologizes to the victims of sterilizations. Washington Post. 2002 May 3:B1, B9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17333594 4. Costantini, Allen. Minnesota woman survived “Deadly Medicine” of Holocaust. Local News. KARE11.com. Available online at: http://www.kare11.com/news/news_article.aspx?storyid=500537 5. Dowben C, Heartwell SF. Legal implications of sterilization of the mentally retarded. Am J Dis Child. 1979 Jul;133(7):697-9. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12085865 6. Dyer C. Sterilisation of mentally handicapped girl authorised. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 May 9;294(6581):1219. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11658872 7. Gauvey SK, Shuger NB. The permissibility of involuntary sterilization under the parens patriae and police power authority of the state: In re Sterilization of Moore. Univ Md Law Forum. 1976;6(3):109- 28. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11664760 8. Grosboll D. Sterilization abuse: current state of the law and remedies for abuse. Gold Gate Univ Law Rev. 1980 Summer;10(3):1147-89. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11649446 9. Hoerlein, Sara. Female Sterilization in Puerto Rico. Available online at: http://clem.mscd.edu/~princer/ant440b/paper_04.htm 10. Hyatt S. A shared history of shame: Sweden's four-decade policy of forced sterilization and the eugenics movement in the United States. Indiana Int Comp Law Rev. 1998;8(2):475-503. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16200697 11. Irvine AC. Balancing the right of the mentally retarded to obtain a therapeutic sterilization against the potential for abuse. Law Psychol Rev. 1988 Spring;12:95-122. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11660733 12. Letterie GS, Fox WF Jr. Legal aspects of involuntary sterilization. Fertil Steril. 1990 Mar;53(3):391- 8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2407562 13. Mehler B. Eliminating the inferior: American and Nazi sterilization programs. Sci People. 1987 Nov- Dec;19(6):14-18, 32. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11658946 14. Price DP. Comparative approaches to the nonconsensual sterilization of the mentally retarded. Med Law. 1990;9(3):940-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2122162 15. Reilly PR. Involuntary sterilization in the United States: a surgical solution. Q Rev Biol. 1987 Jun;62(2):153-70. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3299450 16. Roll-Hansen N. Eugenic sterilization: a preliminary comparison of the Scandinavian experience to that of Germany. Genome. 1989;31(2):890-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2698848 17. Silver MG. Eugenics and compulsory sterilization laws: providing redress for victims of a shameful era in United States history. George Washington Law Rev. 2004 Apr;72(4):862-92. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16211742 18. Sofair AN, Kaldjian LC. Eugenic sterilization and a qualified Nazi analogy: the United States and Germany, 1930-1945. Ann Intern Med. 2000 Feb 15;132(4):312-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10681287 19. Soskin RM. Sterilization of the mentally retarded. The rules change but the results remain the same. Med Law. 1983;2(3):267-76. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/6371426 20. Spriggs EJ. Involuntary sterilization: an unconstitutional menace to minorities and the poor. Rev Law Soc Change. 1974 Spring;4(2):127-51. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:

20 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Sterilization – Coerced and Compulsory - Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11664642

Sterilization – Coerced and Compulsory – Books 1. Broberg, Gunar, and Nils Roll-Hansen, eds. Eugenics and the Welfare State: Sterilization Policy in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1996. 2. Bruinius, Harry: Better for All the World: The Secret History of Forced Sterilization and America’s Quest for Racial Purity. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY, 2006. 3. Dowbiggin, Ian: The Sterilization Movement and Global Fertility in the Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2008. 4. Gosney, E.S. and Popenoe Paul: Sterilization for Human Betterment Historical Issues in Mental Health). Arno Press, New York, NY, 1980. 5. Largent, Mark A: Breeding Contempt: The History of Coerced Sterilization in the United States. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, 2008. 6. Myerson, Abraham, Ayer, James B, Putnam, Tracy J, Keeler, Clyde E, and Alexander, Leo: Eugenical Sterilization: A Reorientation of the Problem. The MacMillan Company, New York, NY, 1936. 7. Reilly, Philip R: The Surgical Solution: A History of Involuntary Sterilization in the United States. The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, MD, 1991. 8. Schoen, Johanna: Choice & Coercion: Birth Control, Sterilization, and Abortion in Public Health and Welfare. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 2005. 9. Smith, J David: The Sterilization of Carrie Buck. New Horizon Press, Far Hills, NJ, 1989. 10. Twenty-eight State Sterilization Laws of the United States and Puerto Rico. New York: Human Betterment Assn. of America, 1951. [Puerto Rico's law approved May 13, 1937 appears as the last geographic area in the one-volume work]

Sterilization – Coerced and Compulsory - Websites 1. Compulsory Sterilization – 1900 - 2009. Google Timeline. Available online at: http://bit.ly/aCCi7M 2. Compulsory Sterilization - United States of America: A Wisdom Archive on Compulsory sterilization - United States of America http://www.experiencefestival.com/compulsory_sterilization_-_united_states_of_america • Main Page http://www.experiencefestival.com/compulsory_sterilization • YouTube Videos http://www.experiencefestival.com/wp/videos/compulsory-sterilization • Index of Articles http://www.experiencefestival.com/compulsory_sterilization/articleindex • Index of Articles – United States http://www.experiencefestival.com/compulsory_sterilization_- _united_states_of_america/articleindex 3. Compulsory Sterilization - Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization • Canada. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Canada • China. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#China • Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Czechoslovakia.2C_Czech_Republic

21 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Sterilization – Coerced and Compulsory - Websites • Germany. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Germany • India. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#India • Japan. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Japan • Sweden. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Sweden • Switzerland. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Switzerland • United States. Wikipedia. Available online at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#United_States • Other Countries. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Other_countries 4. Eugenical Sterilization in Germany. Eugenical News: Current Record of Human Genetics and Race Hygiene. September-October, 1933. 18(5). [Full translation of the German sterilization law of 1933, with commentary]. Available online at: http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/html/eugenics/static/images/1901.html 5. Popenoe, Paul. The German Sterilization Law. Journal of Heredity, 1934. Available online at: http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/html/eugenics/static/images/2308.html 6. Rosenberg, Jennifer. Sterilization. About.com. http://history1900s.about.com/od/holocaust/a/sterilization.htm

Pediatrics – Articles 1. Benedict S, Shields L, O'Donnell AJ. Children's "euthanasia" in Nazi Germany. J Pediatr Nurs. 2009 Dec;24(6):506-16. Epub 2009 Mar 13. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19931148 2. Davidson AJ, O'Brien M. Ethics and medical research in children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2009 Oct;19(10):994-1004. Epub 2009 Aug 26. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 3. Kaplan S. Children in genocide: extreme traumatization and the 'affect propeller'. Int J Psychoanal. 2006 Jun;87(Pt 3):725-46. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16854735 4. Paldiel M. Fear and comfort: the plight of hidden Jewish children in wartime-Poland. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1992;6(4):397-413. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684109 5. Saenger P. Jewish pediatricians in Nazi Germany: victims of persecution. Isr Med Assoc J. 2006 May;8(5):324-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16805231 6. Thomas FP, Beres A, Shevell MI. "A cold wind coming": Heinrich Gross and child euthanasia in Vienna. J Child Neurol. 2006 Apr;21(4):342-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 7. Tydor Baumel J. The Jewish refugee children from Europe in the eyes of the American press and public opinion 1934-1945. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1990;5(3):293-312. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20799422

Pediatrics - Books 1. Gilbert, Martin: The Boys: The Story of 732 Young Concentration Camp Survivors. Henry Holt and Company, New York, NY, 1996. 2. Kor, Eva Moses (as told to Mary Wright): Echoes from Auschwitz: Dr. Mengele’s Twins. The Story of Eva and Miriam Mozes. CANDLES, Inc. Terre Haute, IN, 1995.

22 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Pediatrics - Books 3. Lagnado, Lucette Matalon, and Dekel, Sheila Cohn: Children of the Flames: Dr. Josef Mengele and the Untold Story of the Twins of Auschwitz. Penguin Books, New York, NY, 1991. 4. Nicholas, Lynn H: Cruel World: The Children of Europe in the Nazi Web. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY, 2005. 5. Samuels, Diane: Kindertransport. The Penguin Group, New York, NY, 1995. 6. Stargardt, Nicholas: Witnesses of War: Children’s Lives Under the Nazis. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY, 2006. 7. Szwajger, Adina Blady: I Remember Nothing More: The Warsaw Children’s Hospital and the Jewish Resistance. Pantheon Books, New York, NY, 1990.

Pediatrics -Websites 1. Children of In Neuengamme, Dr. Kurt Heissmeyer conducted tuberculosis experiments on young Jewish children. Learn more about the experiments and the children's fates. http://www.auschwitz.dk/Bullenhuser.htm 2. Children of Izieu http://www.izieu.com/index.htm 3. The Children: Nazi Victims of Auschwitz http://www.annefrank.dk/children/index.htm 4. Rosenberg, Jennifer. Menngele's Children: The Twins of Auschwitz http://history1900s.about.com/od/auschwitz/a/mengeletwins.htm

Pharmacology – Articles 1. Jezdinský J. Emil Starkenstein--one of the most important personalities of European continental pharmacology in the period between the two world wars. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Oct;27(5):557-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16892006 2. Löffelholz K. The persecution of pharmacologists in Nazi Germany and Austria. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2010 Sep 17. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20848274 3. López-Muñoz F, Alamo C, García-García P, Molina JD, Rubio G. The role of psychopharmacology in the medical abuses of the Third Reich: from euthanasia programmes to human experimentation. Brain Res Bull. 2008 Dec 16;77(6):388-403. Epub 2008 Oct 10. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18848972 4. López-Muñoz F, García-García P, Alamo C. The pharmaceutical industry and the German National Socialist Regime: I.G. Farben and pharmacological research. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2009 Feb;34(1):67-77. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19125905

23 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Public Health - Articles 1. Bachrach S. In the name of public health--Nazi racial hygiene. N Engl J Med. 2004 Jul 29;351(5):417-20. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15282346 2. Davey Smith G. Lifestyle, health, and health promotion in Nazi Germany. BMJ. 2004 Dec 18;329(7480):1424-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15604167 3. Lombardo PA, Dorr GM. Eugenics, medical education, and the Public Health Service: Another perspective on the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. Bull Hist Med. 2006 Summer;80(2):291-316. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809865 4. Proctor, Robert N. Nazi Medicine and Public Health Policy. Dimensions, Vol 10, No 2, 1996. Available online at: http://www.adl.org/braun/dim_14_1_nazi_med.asp#author

Public Health – Books 1. Berg, Manfred and Cocks, Geoffrey: Medicine and Modernity: Public Health and Medical Care in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Germany. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 1997. 2. Goodman, Richard A (Ed.): Law in Public Health Practice, Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 2007. 3. Gostin, Lawrence O (Ed.): Public Health Law and Ethics: A Reader. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2002. 4. Gostin, Lawrence O: Public Health Law: Power, Duty, Restraint. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2000.

Radiation Experiments - Articles 1. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. Research ethics and the medical profession. Report of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. JAMA. 1996 Aug 7;276(5):403-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8683820 2. Chadwick GL. Historical perspective: Nuremberg, Tuskegee, and the radiation experiments. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1997 Jan;3(1):27-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11363960 3. Faden RR, Lederer SE, Moreno JD. US medical researchers, the Nuremberg Doctors Trial, and the Nuremberg Code. A review of findings of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1667-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8922454 4. McCally M, Cassel C, Kimball DG. U.S. government-sponsored radiation research on humans 1945-1975. Med Glob Surviv. 1994 Mar;1(1):4-17. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11652281 5. Research ethics and the medical profession. Report of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. [No authors listed] JAMA. 1996 Aug 7;276(5):403-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8683820 6. Schneider K. Secret nuclear research on people comes to light. NY Times (Print). 1993 Dec 17:A1, B11. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11647944 7. Weijer, Charles. Review of The Human Radiation Experiments: Final Report of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. CAN MED ASSOC J, May 1, 1997. 156 (9):1320.

24 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Radiation Experiments - Articles Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1227341/pdf/cmaj_156_9_1320.pdf

Radiation Experiments – Books 1. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments The Human Radiation Experiments: Final Report of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1996. 2. Faden, Ruth R (Chair): The Human Radiation Experiments: Final Report of the President’s Advisory Committee. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY, 1996. 3. Welsome, Eileen: The Plutonium Files: America’s Secret Medial Experiments in the Cold War. Delta, New York, NY, 1999.

Surgery – Articles 1. Leffall LD Jr. Ethics in surgical research. Surgery. 1998 Jun;123(6):603-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9626309

Surgery -Books 1. Baiev, Khassan. The Oath: A Surgeon Under Fire. Walker & Company, New York, NY, 2003.

Miscellaneous Diseases and Health Problems- Articles Frey’s Syndrome 1. Dunbar EM, Singer TW, Singer K, Knight H, Lanska D, Okun MS. Understanding gustatory sweating. What have we learned from Lucja Frey and her predecessors? Clin Auton Res. 2002 Jun;12(3):179-84. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12269550 2. Jacobsen N, Hopkins C. The bullet that hit a nerve: the history of Lucja Frey and her syndrome. J Laryngol Otol. 2006 Mar;120(3):178-80. Epub 2006 Feb 7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16460578 Comment in: J Laryngol Otol. 2006 Dec;120(12):1087; author reply 1087. 3. Moltrecht M, Michel O. The woman behind Frey's syndrome: the tragic life of Lucja Frey. Laryngoscope. 2004 Dec;114(12):2205-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15564846 4. O'Neill JP, Condron C, Curran A, Walsh A. Lucja Frey--historical relevance and syndrome review. Surgeon. 2008 Jun;6(3):178-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18581755

Huntington Disease 5. Harper PS. Huntington disease and the abuse of genetics. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Mar;50(3):460- 4. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1531727

25 Bibliography on Health, Disease, Medical Specialties, and the Holocaust

Miscellaneous Diseases and Health Problems- Articles Comment in: • Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):901-5.

Myasthenia Gravis 6. Freedman S. Antisemitism and the history of myasthenia gravis. Isr Med Assoc J. 2010 Apr;12(4):195-8. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20803875

Renal Failure 7. Rutkowski B. Jakub Penson and his studies on acute renal failure during typhus epidemics in Warsaw Ghetto. J Nephrol. 2004 Jan-Feb;17(1):175-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15151276

Reiter’s Syndrome, Reiter’s Arthritis 8. Altman LK. Experts re-examine Dr. Reiter, his syndrome and his Nazi past. NY Times (Print). 2000 Mar 7:F7,12. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11873789 9. Lu DW, Katz KA. Declining use of the eponym "Reiter's syndrome" in the medical literature, 1998- 2003. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Oct;53(4):720-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16198806 10. Panush RS, Paraschiv D, Dorff RE. The tainted legacy of Hans Reiter. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Feb;32(4):231-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 11. Panush RS, Wallace DJ, Dorff RE, Engleman EP. Retraction of the suggestion to use the term "Reiter's syndrome" sixty-five years later: the legacy of Reiter, a war criminal, should not be eponymic honor but rather condemnation. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Feb;56(2):693-4. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17265506 12. Wallace DJ, Weisman M. Should a war criminal be rewarded with eponymous distinction?: the double life of hans reiter (1881-1969). J Clin Rheumatol. 2000 Feb;6(1):49-54. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19078450

Typhus 13. Hedfors E. Medical ethics in the wake of the Holocaust: departing from a postwar paper by Ludwik Fleck. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2007 Sep;38(3):642-55. Epub 2007 Sep 12. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17893071 14. Hedfors E. Medical science in the light of the Holocaust: Departing from a post-war paper by Ludwik Fleck. Soc Stud Sci. 2008 Apr;38(2):259-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18831133

Urology 15. Staiman VR, O'Toole KM, Rubin MA, Lowe FC. Giant malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis/spermatic cord: psychologic and possible etiologic complications of unethical Nazi medical experimentation. Urology. 1996 Dec;48(6):939-43. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8973684

26 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Articles 1. Chodoff P. Survivors of the Nazi holocaust. Child Today. 1981 Sep-Oct;10(5):2-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7026184 2. Ehrlich MA. Health professionals, Jewish religion and community structure in the service of the aging holocaust survivor. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2004 May-Jun;38(3):289-95. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15066315 3. Hirst SP, Lenavenec CL, Aldiabat K. Conversations with Holocaust Survivor Residents. J Gerontol Nurs. 2010 Aug 23:1-6. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20100730-02. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20795597 4. Kidron CA. Toward an ethnography of silence: the lived presence of the past in the everyday life of Holocaust trauma survivors and their descendants in Israel. Curr Anthropol. 2009 Feb;50(1):5-19; discussion 19-27. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19579353 5. Williams RL, Medalie JH, Zyzanski SJ, Flocke SA, Yaari S, Goldbourt U. Long-term mortality of Nazi concentration camp survivors. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993 Jun;46(6):573-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/8501484

Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Websites 1. Hillard, Gloria. Aging Holocaust Survivors and Memory. National Public Radio. April 13, 2007. Print and audio. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9568021

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Cancer – Articles 1. Baider L, Goldzweig G, Ever-Hadani P, Peretz T. Breast cancer and psychological distress: mothers' and daughters' traumatic experiences. Support Care Cancer. 2008 Apr;16(4):407-14. Epub 2007 Aug 21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 2. Baider L, Goldzweig G, Ever-Hadani P, Peretz T. Psychological distress and coping in breast cancer patients and healthy women whose parents survived the Holocaust. Psychooncology. 2006 Jul;15(7):635-46. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16363011 3. Baider L, Peretz T, De-Nour AK. Holocaust cancer patients: a comparative study. Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;56(4):349-55. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8295973 4. Baider L, Peretz T, Kaplan De-Nour A. Effect of the Holocaust on coping with cancer. Soc Sci Med. 1992 Jan;34(1):11-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Cancer – Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1738851 5. Baider L, Peretz T, Kaplan De-Nour A. The effect of behavioral intervention on the psychological distress of Holocaust survivors with cancer. Psychother Psychosom. 1997;66(1):44-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8996715 6. Bernick L, Grinberg A, Holynaty L, Rodgers M. Caring for survivors of the Holocaust. Can Nurse. 2001 Mar;97(3):25-9. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11865730 7. Fortuny D, Balmaña J, Graña B, Torres A, Ramón y Cajal T, Darder E, Gadea N, Velasco A, López C, Sanz J, Alonso C, Brunet J. Opinion about reproductive decision making among individuals undergoing BRCA1/2 genetic testing in a multicentre Spanish cohort. Hum Reprod. 2009 Apr;24(4):1000-6. Epub 2008 Dec 26. Erratum in: Hum Reprod. 2009 Jul;24(7):1772. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19112076 Erratum in: Hum Reprod. 2009 Jul;24(7):1772. 8. Hantman S, Solomon Z. Recurrent trauma: Holocaust survivors cope with aging and cancer. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007 May;42(5):396-402. Epub 2007 Mar 23. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17384892 9. Hursting SD, Forman MR. Cancer risk from extreme stressors: lessons from European Jewish survivors of World War II. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Nov 4;101(21):1436-7. Epub 2009 Oct 26. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19861304 Comment on: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Nov 4;101(21):1489-500. 10. Johansen C, Coyne JC, Sanderman R, Dalton SO. Re: Cancer incidence in Israeli Jewish survivors of World War II. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010 Jul 7;102(13):991-2; author reply 992. Epub 2010 Jun 1. PubMed. No Abstract. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20516398 Comment on: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Nov 4;101(21):1489-500. 11. Keinan-Boker L, Vin-Raviv N, Liphshitz I, Linn S, Barchana M. Cancer incidence in Israeli Jewish survivors of World War II. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Nov 4;101(21):1489-500. Epub 2009 Oct 26. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19861305 Comment in: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Nov 4;101(21):1436-7. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010 Jul 7;102(13):991-2; author reply 992. 12. Mark N, Roberts L. Ethnosensitive techniques in the treatment of the Hasidic patient with cancer. Cancer Pract. 1994 May-Jun;2(3):202-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8055024 13. Offit K, Kohut K, Clagett B, Wadsworth EA, Lafaro KJ, Cummings S, White M, Sagi M, Bernstein D, Davis JG. Cancer genetic testing and assisted reproduction. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Oct 10;24(29):4775-82. Epub 2006 Jul 13. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16840542 Comment in: J Clin Oncol. 2007 Mar 1;25(7):911-2; author reply 913. 14. Schwartz S, Dohrenwend BP, Levav I. Nongenetic familial transmission of psychiatric disorders? Evidence from children of Holocaust survivors. J Health Soc Behav. 1994 Dec;35(4):385-402. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7844332 15. Wang CW, Hui EC. Ethical, legal and social implications of prenatal and preimplantation genetic testing for cancer susceptibility. Reprod Biomed Online. 2009;19 Suppl 2:23-33. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19891845

2 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors – Cardiovascular Diseases - Articles 1. Aviram A, Silverberg DS, Carel RS. Hypertension in European immigrants to Israel--the possible effect of the holocaust. Isr J Med Sci. 1987 Apr;23(4):257-63. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3623884 2. Silverberg DS, Aviram A, Carel RS. Hypertension in European immigrants to Israel: those who experienced the Holocaust and those who did not. J Hypertens Suppl. 1985 Dec;3(3):S383-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2856745

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors – Dermatology - Articles 1. Eppinger S, Meurer M, Scholz A. The emigration of Germany's Jewish dermatologists in the period of National Socialism. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2003 Sep;17(5):525-30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/12941086 2. Scholz A, Eppinger S. The fate of Germany's Jewish dermatologists in the period of National Socialism. Int J Dermatol. 1999 Sep;38(9):716-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10517694

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors – People with Disabilities – Articles 1. Ryan DF. Deaf people in Hitler's Europe: conducting oral history interviews with deaf Holocaust survivors. Public Hist. 2005 Spring;27(2):43-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16189923

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors – Gastroenterology - Articles 1. Cappell MS. Profound long-term effects of Nazism on patient care in gastroenterology. Isr Med Assoc J. 2008 Apr;10(4):259-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18548977 2. Stermer E, Bar H, Levy N. Chronic functional gastrointestinal symptoms in Holocaust survivors. Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Apr;86(4):417-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/2012042 3. Shemesh AA, Kohn R, Radomislensky I, Brodsky J, Levav I. Emotional distress and other health- related dimensions among elderly survivors of the Shoa living in the community. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2008;45(4):230-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/19439828

3 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors – Genetics, Eugenics, and Euthanasia - Articles

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Liberation of the Concentration Camps - Articles 1. Cordell RF, Forsdick DH. Symposium--commemoration of the liberation of the Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp and medical management of disasters study period. J R Army Med Corps. 1999 Feb;145(1):28-30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10216846 2. Engel HO. Organisation for the relief of concentration camps. J R Army Med Corps. 2003 Dec;149(4):340-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/15015811 3. Schlossman HH. Recollections of the liberation of Buchenwald--4/11/45. J Am Acad Psychoanal. 1996 Winter;24(4):737-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9220383 4. Trepman E. Rescue of the remnants: the British emergency medical relief operation in Belsen Camp 1945. J R Army Med Corps. 2001 Oct;147(3):281-93. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/11766210 5. Weindling P. "Belsenitis": liberating Belsen, its hospitals, UNRRA, and selection for re-emigration, 1945-1948. Sci Context. 2006 Sep;19(3):401-18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17214437

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Liberation of the Concentration Camps - Books 1. Shephard, Ben: After Daybreak: The Liberation of Bergen-Belsen, 1945. Schocken Books, New York, NY

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles The Aging Survivor of the Holocaust 1. Ornstein A. The aging survivor of the holocaust. The effects of the holocaust on life-cycle experiences: the creation and recreation of families. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):135-54. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347747 2. Cath SH. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Discussion: the effects of the holocaust on life-cycle experiences: the creation and recreation of families. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):155-63. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347748 3. Krystal H. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Integration and self-healing in posttraumatic states. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):165-89. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347749 4. Danieli Y. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Discussion: on the achievement of integration in

4 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles aging survivors of the Nazi holocaust. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):191-210. . PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6752259 5. Herzog JM. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Father hurt and father hunger: the effect of a survivor father's waning years on his son. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):211-23. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347750 6. Kahana RJ. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Discussion: reconciliation between the generations: a last chance. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):225-39. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347751

7. Adelman A. Traumatic memory and the intergenerational transmission of Holocaust narratives. Psychoanal Study Child. 1995;50:343-67. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7480412 8. Amir M, Lev-Wiesel R. Does everyone have a name? Psychological distress and quality of life among child holocaust survivors with lost identity. J Trauma Stress. 2001 Oct;14(4):859-69. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11776430 9. Amir M, Lev-Wiesel R. Time does not heal all wounds: quality of life and psychological distress of people who survived the holocaust as children 55 years later. J Trauma Stress. 2003 Jun;16(3):295-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12816343 10. Andersson P. Post-traumatic stress symptoms linked to hidden Holocaust trauma among adult Finnish evacuees separated from their parents as children in World War II, 1939-1945: a case- control study. Int Psychogeriatr. 2010 Sep 20:1-8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20849674 11. Anisfeld L, Richards AD. The replacement child. Variations on a theme in history and psychoanalysis. Psychoanal Study Child. 2000;55:301-18. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11338994 12. Apfelbaum ER. And now what, after such tribulations? Memory and dislocation in the era of uprooting. Am Psychol. 2000 Sep;55(9):1008-13. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11036699 13. Auerbach CF, Mirvis S, Stern S, Schwartz J. Structural dissociation and its resolution among Holocaust survivors: a qualitative research study. J Trauma Dissociation. 2009;10(4):385-404. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19821175 14. Auerhahn NC, Peskin H. Action knowledge, acknowledgment, and interpretive action in work with Holocaust survivors. Psychoanal Q. 2003 Jul;72(3):615-58. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12901173 15. Bachar E, Cale M, Eisenberg J, Dasberg H. Aggression expression in grandchildren of Holocaust survivors--a comparative study. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1994;31(1):41-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8206737 16. Bachar E, Canetti L, Berry EM. Lack of long-lasting consequences of starvation on eating pathology in Jewish Holocaust survivors of Nazi concentration camps. J Abnorm Psychol. 2005 Feb;114(1):165-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15709823 17. Bachar E, Dasberg H, Ben-Shakhar G. Demandingness and belligerence in hospitalized depressed Holocaust concentration camp survivors as perceived by the staff. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1995;32(4):262-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8641855 18. Baider L, Goldzweig G, Ever-Hadani P, Peretz T. Breast cancer and psychological distress: mothers' and daughters' traumatic experiences. Support Care Cancer. 2008 Apr;16(4):407-14. Epub 2007 Aug 21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 19. Barak Y. The aging of Holocaust survivors: myth and reality concerning suicide. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Mar;9(3):196-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:

5 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17402339 20. Barak Y, Aizenberg D, Szor H, Swartz M, Maor R, Knobler HY. Increased risk of attempted suicide among aging holocaust survivors. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005 Aug;13(8):701-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16085786 21. Barel E, Van IJzendoorn MH, Sagi-Schwartz A, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ. Surviving the Holocaust: a meta-analysis of the long-term sequelae of a genocide. Psychol Bull. 2010 Sep;136(5):677-98. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20804233 22. Bar-On D. Children of perpetrators of the Holocaust: working through one's own moral self. Psychiatry. 1990 Aug;53(3):229-45. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2217649 23. Bar-On D. Four encounters between descendants of survivors and descendants of perpetrators of the Holocaust: building social bonds out of silence. Psychiatry. 1995 Aug;58(3):225-45. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8539303 24. Bar-On D, Rottgardt E. Reconstructing silenced biographical issues through feeling-facts. Psychiatry. 1998 Spring;61(1):61-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9595596 25. Baron L, Eisman H, Scuello M, Veyzer A, Lieberman M. Stress resilience, locus of control, and religion in children of Holocaust victims. J Psychol. 1996 Sep;130(5):513-25. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8865625 26. Baron L, Reznikoff M, Glenwick DS. Narcissism, interpersonal adjustment, and coping in children of Holocaust survivors. J Psychol. 1993 May;127(3):257-69. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8377144 27. Ben-Zur H, Zimmerman M. Aging holocaust survivors' well-being and adjustment: associations with ambivalence over emotional expression. Psychol Aging. 2005 Dec;20(4):710-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16420144 28. Bohleber W. Remembrance, trauma and collective memory: the battle for memory in psychoanalysis. Int J Psychoanal. 2007 Apr;88(Pt 2):329-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17392053 29. Bramsen I, Deeg DJ, van der Ploeg E, Fransman S. Wartime stressors and mental health symptoms as predictors of late-life mortality in World War II survivors. J Affect Disord. 2007 Nov;103(1-3):121-9. Epub 2007 Feb 8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17291593 30. Bramsen I, van der Ploeg HM. Fifty years later: the long-term psychological adjustment of ageing World War II survivors. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1999 Nov;100(5):350-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10563452 31. Brodaty H, Joffe C, Luscombe G, Thompson C. Vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder and psychological morbidity in aged holocaust survivors. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004 Oct;19(10):968- 79. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15449365 32. Brok AJ. Father and daughter: historical identification, present attachments and the question of passionate involvement. Am J Psychoanal. 2005 Mar;65(1):53-69; discussion 71-5. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15754113 33. Brom D, Kfir R, Dasberg H. A controlled double-blind study on children of Holocaust survivors. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2001;38(1):47-57. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11381586 34. Carmil D, Carel RS. Emotional distress and satisfaction in life among Holocaust survivors--a community study of survivors and controls. Psychol Med. 1986 Feb;16(1):141-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3961040 35. Chaitin J. "Living with" the past: coping and patterns in families of Holocaust survivors. Fam Process. 2003 Summer;42(2):305-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12879600

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles 36. Chessick RD. Psychoanalytic supportive psychotherapy of a terrified communist: report of a 37- year treatment. J Am Acad Psychoanal Dyn Psychiatry. 2004 Summer;32(2):287-301. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15274497 37. Clarke DE, Colantonio A, Rhodes A, Conn D, Heslegrave R, Links P, van Reekum R. Differential experiences during the holocaust and suicidal ideation in older adults in treatment for depression. J Trauma Stress. 2006 Jun;19(3):417-23. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16789004 38. Clarke DE, Colantonio A, Heslegrave R, Rhodes A, Links P, Conn D. Holocaust experience and suicidal ideation in high-risk older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004 Jan-Feb;12(1):65-74. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14729561 39. Cohen M, Brom D, Dasberg H. Child survivors of the Holocaust: symptoms and coping after fifty years. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2001;38(1):3-12. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11381584 40. Cohen E, Dekel R, Solomon Z, Lavie T. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and fear of intimacy among treated and non-treated survivors who were children during the Holocaust. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2003 Nov;38(11):611-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14614548 41. Collins C, Burazeri G, Gofin J, Kark JD. Health status and mortality in Holocaust survivors living in Jerusalem 40-50 years later. J Trauma Stress. 2004 Oct;17(5):403-11. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15633919 42. Conn DK, Clarke D, Van Reekum R. Depression in holocaust survivors: profile and treatment outcome in a geriatric day hospital program. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2000 Apr;15(4):331-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10767733 43. Danieli Y. Differing adaptational styles in families of survivors of the Nazi holocaust. Child Today. 1981 Sep-Oct;10(5):6-10. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7026185 44. Danieli Y. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Discussion: on the achievement of integration in aging survivors of the Nazi holocaust. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):191-210. . PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6752259 45. Dasberg H. Adult child survivor syndrome on deprived childhoods of aging Holocaust survivors. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2001;38(1):13-26. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11381582 46. Dasberg H. Psychological distress of Holocaust survivors and offspring in Israel, forty years later: a review. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1987;24(4):243-56. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3333247 47. Dasberg H. The unfinished story of trauma as a paradigm for psychotherapists (a review and some empirical findings on paradigms and prejudices). Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1992;29(1):44-60. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1568862 48. Dasberg H, Bartura J, Amit Y. Narrative group therapy with aging child survivors of the Holocaust. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2001;38(1):27-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11381583 49. Dasberg H, Robinson S. The impact of the Demjaniuk trial on the psychotherapeutic process in Israel. Med Law. 1991;10(4):395-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1775012 50. de Graaf TK. A family therapeutic approach to transgenerational traumatization. Fam Process. 1998 Summer;37(2):233-43. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9693952 51. Dekel R, Hobfoll SE. The impact of resource loss on Holocaust survivors facing war and terrorism in Israel. Aging Ment Health. 2007 Mar;11(2):159-67. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17453549 52. de Vries B, Suedfeld P. The life stories of Holocaust survivors. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2005;60(3):183-7. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles 114. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11707884. 70. Forstmeier S, Kuwert P, Spitzer C, Freyberger HJ, Maercker A. Posttraumatic growth, social acknowledgment as survivors, and sense of coherence in former German child soldiers of World War II. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009 Dec;17(12):1030-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20104060. 71. Fossion P, Rejas MC, Servais L, Pelc I, Hirsch S. Family approach with grandchildren of Holocaust survivors. Am J Psychother. 2003;57(4):519-27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14735877 72. Freyberg JT. Difficulties in separation-individuation as experienced by offspring of Nazi holocaust survivors. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1980 Jan;50(1):87-95. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986790 73. Fridman A, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Sagi-Schwartz A, Van Ijzendoorn MH. Coping in old age with extreme childhood trauma: Aging Holocaust survivors and their offspring facing new challenges. Aging Ment Health. 2010 Oct 4:1-11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20924822 74. Gaezer Grossman F. The art of the children of Terezin. A psychological study. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1989;4(2):213-29. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20684117 75. Gangi S, Talamo A, Ferracuti S. The long-term effects of extreme war-related trauma on the second generation of Holocaust survivors. Violence Vict. 2009;24(5):687-700. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19852407 76. Gerson S. When the third is dead: memory, mourning, and witnessing in the aftermath of the holocaust. Int J Psychoanal. 2009 Dec;90(6):1341-57. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20002819 77. Gerzi S. Trauma, narcissism and the two attractors in trauma. Int J Psychoanal. 2005 Aug;86(Pt 4):1033-50. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040309 78. Gigliotti S. "Cattle car complexes": a correspondence with historical captivity and post-Holocaust witnesses. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 2006;20(2):256-77. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20827832 79. Gluskin E. Cruelty as the "medicine" treating an unbalance in the development of the brain's hemispheres. Int J Neurosci. 2009;119(8):1150-4. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19922345 80. Golier JA, Harvey PD, Legge J, Yehuda R. Memory performance in older trauma survivors: implications for the longitudinal course of PTSD. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1071:54-66. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16891562 81. Golier JA, Yehuda R, De Santi S, Segal S, Dolan S, de Leon MJ. Absence of hippocampal volume differences in survivors of the Nazi Holocaust with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2005 May 30;139(1):53-64. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939577 82. Golier JA, Yehuda R, Lupien SJ, Harvey PD. Memory for trauma-related information in Holocaust survivors with PTSD. Psychiatry Res. 2003 Dec 1;121(2):133-43. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14656448 83. Goodman C, Finkel B, Naser M, Andreyev P, Segev Y, Kurs R, Melamed Y, Bleich A. Neurocognitive deterioration in elderly chronic schizophrenia patients with and without PTSD. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007 May;195(5):415-20. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed 84. Greene RR, Graham SA. Role of resilience among Nazi Holocaust survivors: a strength-based paradigm for understanding survivorship. Fam Community Health. 2009 Jan-Mar;32(1 Suppl):S75- 82. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19065097 85. Greenwald B, Ben-Ari O, Strous RD, Laub D. Psychiatry, testimony, and Shoah: Reconstructing the narratives of the muted. Soc Work Health Care. 2006;43(2-3):199-214. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16956862

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles 86. Greer GR, Tolbert R. A method of conducting therapeutic sessions with MDMA. J Psychoactive Drugs. 1998 Oct-Dec;30(4):371-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9924843 87. Grossman AB, Levin BE, Katzen HL, Lechner S. PTSD symptoms and onset of neurologic disease in elderly trauma survivors. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004 Aug;26(5):698-705. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15370391 88. Grubrich-Simitis I. Reality testing in place of interpretation: a phase in psychoanalytic work with descendants of Holocaust survivors. Psychoanal Q. 2010 Jan;79(1):37-69. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20301975 89. Grünberg K. Contaminated generativity: Holocaust survivors and their children in Germany. Am J Psychoanal. 2007 Mar;67(1):82-96. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510621 90. Halik V, Rosenthal DA, Pattison PE. Intergenerational effects of the Holocaust: patterns of engagement in the mother-daughter relationship. Fam Process. 1990 Sep;29(3):325-39. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209834 91. Halligan SL, Yehuda R. Assessing dissociation as a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder: a study of adult offspring of holocaust survivors. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2002 Jul;190(7):429-36. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142843 92. Hantman S, Solomon Z, Horn Y. Long-term coping of Holocaust survivors: a typology. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2003;40(2):126-34. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14509203 93. Hazani E, Shasha SM. Effects of the Holocaust on the physical health of the offspring of survivors. Isr Med Assoc J. 2008 Apr;10(4):251-5. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18548975 94. Heller D. Themes of culture and ancestry among children of concentration camp survivors. Psychiatry. 1982 Aug;45(3):247-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7051075 95. Hertz DG. Trauma and nostalgia: new aspects on the coping of aging Holocaust survivors. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1990;27(4):189-98. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2086535 96. Herzog JM. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Father hurt and father hunger: the effect of a survivor father's waning years on his son. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):211-23. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347750 97. Hogman F. Trauma and identity through two generations of the Holocaust. Psychoanal Rev. 1998 Aug;85(4):551-78. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9870242 98. Iliceto P, Candilera G, Funaro D, Pompili M, Kaplan KJ, Markus-Kaplan M. Hopelessness, Temperament, Anger and Interpersonal Relationships in Holocaust (Shoah) Survivors' Grandchildren. J Relig Health. 2009 Nov 14. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19915980 99. Iliceto P, Candilera G, Funaro D, Pompili M, Kaplan KJ, Markus-Kaplan M. Erratum to: Hopelessness, Temperament, Anger and Interpersonal Relationships in Holocaust (Shoah) Survivors' Grandchildren. J Relig Health. 2009 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19957107 100. Iecovich E, Carmel S. Health and functional status and utilization of health care services among holocaust survivors and their counterparts in Israel. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2010 Nov- Dec;51(3):304-8. Epub 2010 Feb 6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20138675 101. Jacome DE. Transitional interpersonality thunderclap headache. Headache. 2001 Mar;41(3):317-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11264694 102. Joffe C, Brodaty H, Luscombe G, Ehrlich F. The Sydney Holocaust study: posttraumatic stress disorder and other psychosocial morbidity in an aged community sample. J Trauma Stress. 2003

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles 136. Krystal H. The aging survivor of the holocaust. Integration and self-healing in posttraumatic states. J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1981;14(2):165-89. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7347749 137. Kuch K, Cox BJ. Symptoms of PTSD in 124 survivors of the Holocaust. Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Mar;149(3):337-40. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1536271 138. Kuwert P, Spitzer C, Rosenthal J, Freyberger HJ. Trauma and post-traumatic stress symptoms in former German child soldiers of World War II. Int Psychogeriatr. 2008 Oct;20(5):1014-8. Epub 2008 Mar 17. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18341750 139. Kuwert P, Spitzer C, Träder A, Freyberger HJ, Ermann M. Sixty years later: post-traumatic stress symptoms and current psychopathology in former German children of World War II. Int Psychogeriatr. 2007 Oct;19(5):955-61. Epub 2006 Oct 27. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17069665 140. Labinsky E, Blair W, Yehuda R. Longitudinal assessment of dissociation in Holocaust survivors with and without PTSD and nonexposed aged Jewish adults. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1071:459-62. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16891598 141. Landau R, Litwin H. The effects of extreme early stress in very old age. J Trauma Stress. 2000 Jul;13(3):473-87. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10948487 142. Lansen J, Cels JP. Psycho-educative group psychotherapy for Jewish child-survivors of the Holocaust and non-Jewish child-survivors of Japanese concentration camps. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1992;29(1):22-32. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1568860 143. Laub D. The empty circle: children of survivors and the limits of reconstruction. J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1998;46(2):507-29. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9684225 144. Laub D, Podell D. Art and trauma. Int J Psychoanal. 1995 Oct;76 ( Pt 5):991-1005. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8926145 145. Leon GR, Butcher JN, Kleinman M, Goldberg A, Almagor M. Survivors of the holocaust and their children: current status and adjustment. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1981 Sep;41(3):503-16. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7288564 146. Letzter-Pouw S, Werner P. Correlates of intrusive memories and avoidance of memories of the Holocaust. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2005;42(4):271-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16618061. 147. Levav I, Abramson JH. Emotional distress among concentration camp survivors—a community study in Jerusalem. Psychol Med. 1984 Feb;14(1):215-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6709787 148. Levav I, Abramson JH. A community study of emotional distress in Jerusalem. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1984;21(1):19-35. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6511292 149. Levav I, Levinson D, Radomislensky I, Shemesh AA, Kohn R. Psychopathology and other health dimensions among the offspring of Holocaust survivors: results from the Israel National Health Survey. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2007;44(2):144-51. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18080651 150. Levin L. Traumatized refugee children: a challenge for mental rehabilitation. Med Confl Surviv. 1999 Oct-Dec;15(4):342-51. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10605384 151. Levine HB. Toward a psychoanalytic understanding of children of survivors of the Holocaust. Psychoanal Q. 1982 Jan;51(1):70-92. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7199190

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles 152. Levine J. Working with victims of persecution: lessons from Holocaust survivors. Soc Work. 2001 Oct;46(4):350-60. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11682976 153. Lev-Wiesel R, Amir M. Holocaust child survivors and child sexual abuse. J Child Sex Abus. 2005;14(2):69-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15914411 154. Lev-Wiesel R, Amir M. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, psychological distress, personal resources, and quality of life in four groups of Holocaust child survivors. Fam Process. 2000 Winter;39(4):445-59. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11143598 155. Lev-Wiesel R, Amir M. Secondary traumatic stress, psychological distress, sharing of traumatic reminiscences, and marital quality among spouses of Holocaust child survivors. J Marital Fam Ther. 2001 Oct;27(4):433-44. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11594012 156. Leys R. Image and trauma. Sci Context. 2006 Mar;19(1):137-49. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17147219. 157. Lichtman H. Parental communication of Holocaust experiences and personality characteristics among second-generation survivors. J Clin Psychol. 1984 Jul;40(4):914-24. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6480857 158. Link N, Victor B, Binder RL. Psychosis in children of Holocaust survivors: influence of the Holocaust in the choice of themes in their psychoses. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1985 Feb;173(2):115-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3968545 159. Lis-Turlejska M, Luszczynska A, Plichta A, Benight CC. Jewish and non-Jewish World War II child and adolescent survivors at 60 years after war: effects of parental loss and age at exposure on well-being. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2008 Jul;78(3):369-77. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19123756 160. Livingston K. Opportunities for mourning when grief is disenfranchised: descendants of Nazi perpetrators in dialogue with Holocaust survivors. Omega (Westport). 2010;61(3):205-22. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20873533 161. Lomranz J, Shmotkin D, Zechovoy A, Rosenberg E. Time orientation in Nazi concentration camp survivors: forty years after. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1985 Apr;55(2):230-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3993752 162. Magids DM. Personality comparison between children of hidden Holocaust survivors and American Jewish parents. J Psychol. 1998 May;132(3):245-54. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9540223 163. Major EF. The impact of the Holocaust on the second generation: Norwegian Jewish Holocaust survivors and their children. J Trauma Stress. 1996 Jul;9(3):441-54. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8827648 164. Marcus P, Rosenberg A. "Faith, ethics and the Holocaust": the Holocaust survivor's faith and religious behavior and some implications for treatment. Holocaust Genocide Stud. 1988;3(4):413-30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20799425 165. Mishne JM. Psychological trauma in adolescence: familial disillusionment and loss of personal identity. Am J Psychoanal. 2001 Mar;61(1):63-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11441513 166. Moore Y. Thoughts on representation in therapy of Holocaust survivors. Int J Psychoanal. 2009 Dec;90(6):1373-91. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20002821 167. Moskovitz S, Krell R. Child survivors of the Holocaust: psychological adaptations to survival. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1990;27(2):81-91. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2211071 168. Müller U, Barash-Kishon R. Psychodynamic-supportive group therapy model for elderly

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles Holocaust survivors. Int J Group Psychother. 1998 Oct;48(4):461-75. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9766089 169. Müller UF, Yahav AL. Object relations, Holocaust survival and family therapy. Br J Med Psychol. 1989 Mar;62 ( Pt 1):13-21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2706194 170. Nadler A, Ben-Shushan D. Forty years later: long-term consequences of massive traumatization as manifested by Holocaust survivors from the city and the Kibbutz. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1989 Apr;57(2):287-93. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2708617 171. Nadler A, Kav-Venaki S, Gleitman B. Transgenerational effects of the holocaust: externalization of aggression in second generation of holocaust survivors. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1985 Jun;53(3):365-9. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4008720 172. Neumann Y. On a shared intergenerational experience--a short-term intervention with a Holocaust survivor as part of a lengthy course of therapy. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1998;35(1):56-67. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9615531 173. Niederland WG. The survivor syndrome: further observations and dimensions. J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1981;29(2):413-25. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7264182 174. Ofri I, Solomon Z, Dasberg H. Attitudes of therapists toward Holocaust survivors. J Trauma Stress. 1995 Apr;8(2):229-42. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7627439 175. Okner DF, Flaherty J. Parental communication and psychological distress in children of Holocaust survivors: a comparison between the U.S. and Israel. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1989 Autumn;35(3):265-73. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2583959 176. Peetz J, Gunn GR, Wilson AE. Crimes of the past: defensive temporal distancing in the face of past in-group wrongdoing. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010 May;36(5):598-611. Epub 2010 Apr 6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20371799 177. Pennebaker JW, Barger SD, Tiebout J. Disclosure of traumas and health among Holocaust survivors. Psychosom Med. 1989 Sep-Oct;51(5):577-89. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2798704 178. Peskin H. Observations on the First International Conference on Children of Holocaust Survivors. Fam Process. 1981 Dec;20(4):391-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6119227 179. Phillips RE. Impact of Nazi holocaust on children of survivors. Am J Psychother. 1978 Jul;32(3):370-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/696952 180. Pines D. Working with women survivors of the Holocaust: affective experiences in transference and countertransference. Int J Psychoanal. 1986;67 ( Pt 3):295-307. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3744688

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3712224 263. Weiss M, Weiss S. Second generation to Holocaust survivors: enhanced differentiation of trauma transmission. Am J Psychother. 2000 Summer;54(3):372-85. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11008635 264. Wilgowicz P. Listening psychoanalytically to the Shoah half a century on. Int J Psychoanal. 1999 Jun;80 ( Pt 3):429-38. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10407742 265. Wiseman H, Metzl E, Barber JP. Anger, guilt, and intergenerational communication of trauma in the interpersonal narratives of second generation Holocaust survivors. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2006 Apr;76(2):176-84. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16719636 266. Wiseman H. On failed intersubjectivity: Recollections of loneliness experiences in offspring of Holocaust survivors. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2008 Jul;78(3):350-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19123754 267. Wohl MJ, Branscombe NR. Forgiveness and collective guilt assignment to historical perpetrator groups depend on level of social category inclusiveness. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005 Feb;88(2):288-303. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15841860 268. Wohl MJ, Branscombe NR. Remembering historical victimization: collective guilt for current ingroup transgressions. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 Jun;94(6):988-1006. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18505313 269. Wohl MJ, Branscombe NR, Reysen S. Perceiving your group's future to be in jeopardy: extinction threat induces collective angst and the desire to strengthen the ingroup. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010 Jul;36(7):898-910. Epub 2010 Jun 2. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20519571 270. Yaari A, Eisenberg E, Adler R, Birkhan J. Chronic pain in Holocaust survivors. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1999 Mar;17(3):181-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10098361 271. Yeheskel A. The intimate environment and the sense of coherence among Holocaust survivors. Soc Work Health Care. 1995;20(3):25-35. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7747239 272. Yehuda R. Biological factors associated with susceptibility to posttraumatic stress disorder. Can J Psychiatry. 1999 Feb;44(1):34-9. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10076739 Comment in: Can J Psychiatry. 1999 Feb;44(1):20. 273. Yehuda R, Bell A, Bierer LM, Schmeidler J. Maternal, not paternal, PTSD is related to increased risk for PTSD in offspring of Holocaust survivors. J Psychiatr Res. 2008 Oct;42(13):1104-11. Epub 2008 Feb 20. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18281061 274. Yehuda R, Bierer LM. Transgenerational transmission of cortisol and PTSD risk. Prog Brain Res. 2008;167:121-35. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18037011 275. Yehuda R, Bierer LM, Schmeidler J, Aferiat DH, Breslau I, Dolan S. Low cortisol and risk for PTSD in adult offspring of holocaust survivors. Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Aug;157(8):1252-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/10910787 276. Yehuda R, Elkin A, Binder-Brynes K, Kahana B, Southwick SM, Schmeidler J, Giller EL Jr. Dissociation in aging Holocaust survivors. Am J Psychiatry. 1996 Jul;153(7):935-40. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8659617 277. Yehuda R, Golier JA, Harvey PD, Stavitsky K, Kaufman S, Grossman RA, Tischler L. Relationship between cortisol and age-related memory impairments in Holocaust survivors with

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles PTSD. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005 Aug;30(7):678-87. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 278. Yehuda R, Golier J, Kaufman S. Circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol in Holocaust Survivors with and without PTSD. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005; 162: 998-1000. 279. Yehuda R, Halligan SL, Bierer LM. Cortisol levels in adult offspring of Holocaust survivors: relation to PTSD symptom severity in the parent and child. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2002 Jan-Feb;27(1-2):171-80. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11750777 280. Yehuda R, Halligan SL, Grossman R, Golier JA, Wong C. The cortisol and glucocorticoid receptor response to low dose dexamethasone administration in aging combat veterans and holocaust survivors with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Sep 1;52(5):393-403. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12242055 281. Yehuda R, Kahana B, Binder-Brynes K, Southwick SM, Mason JW, Giller EL. Low urinary cortisol excretion in Holocaust survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Jul;152(7):982-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7793468 282. Yehuda R, Kahana B, Schmeidler J, Southwick SM, Wilson S, Giller EL. Impact of cumulative lifetime trauma and recent stress on current posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in holocaust survivors. Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Dec;152(12):1815-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8526254 283. Yehuda R, Kahana B, Southwick SM, Giller EL Jr. Depressive features in Holocaust survivors with post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1994 Oct;7(4):699-704. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/7820358 284. Yehuda R, Labinsky E, Tischler L, Brand SR, Lavin Y, Blair W, Bierer LM, Goodman RZ, Grossman RA. Are adult offspring reliable informants about parental PTSD? A validation study. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1071:484-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16891603 285. Yehuda R, Morris A, Labinsky E, Zemelman S, Schmeidler J. Ten-year follow-up study of cortisol levels in aging holocaust survivors with and without PTSD. J Trauma Stress. 2007 Oct;20(5):757-61. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17955524 286. Yehuda R, Schmeidler J, Labinsky E, Bell A, Morris A, Zemelman S, Grossman RA. Ten-year follow-up study of PTSD diagnosis, symptom severity and psychosocial indices in aging holocaust survivors. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009 Jan;119(1):25-34. Epub 2008 Sep 8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/18785948 287. Yehuda R, Schmeidler J, Giller EL Jr, Siever LJ, Binder-Brynes K. Relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder characteristics of Holocaust survivors and their adult offspring. Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Jun;155(6):841-3. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/9619162 Comment in: Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Nov;156(11):1838-9. Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Aug;156(8):1295. 288. Yehuda R, Schmeidler J, Siever LJ, Binder-Brynes K, Elkin A. Individual differences in posttraumatic stress disorder symptom profiles in Holocaust survivors in concentration camps or in hiding. J Trauma Stress. 1997 Jul;10(3):453-63. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9246652 289. Yehuda R, Schmeidler J, Wainberg M, Binder-Brynes K, Duvdevani T. Vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder in adult offspring of Holocaust survivors. Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Sep;155(9):1163-71. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at:

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Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors - Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry -Articles http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9734537 290. Yehuda R, Steiner A, Kahana B, Binder-Brynes K, Southwick SM, Zemelman S, Giller EL. Alexithymia in Holocaust survivors with and without PTSD. J Trauma Stress. 1997 Jan;10(1):93- 100. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9018679 291. Yehuda R, Teicher MH, Seckl JR, Grossman RA, Morris A, Bierer LM. Parental posttraumatic stress disorder as a vulnerability factor for low cortisol trait in offspring of holocaust survivors. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007 Sep;64(9):1040-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17768269 292. Yehuda R, Tischler L, Golier JA, Grossman R, Brand SR, Kaufman S, Harvey PD. Longitudinal assessment of cognitive performance in Holocaust survivors with and without PTSD. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Oct 1;60(7):714-21. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed 293. Zilberfein F. Children of Holocaust survivors: separation obstacles, attachments, and anxiety. Soc Work Health Care. 1996;23(3):35-55. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8865514 294. Zilberfein F, Eskin V. Helping Holocaust survivors with the impact of illness and hospitalization: social work role. Soc Work Health Care. 1992;18(1):59-70. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1298102 295. Zohar AH, Giladi L, Givati T. Holocaust exposure and disordered eating: a study of multi- generational transmission. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2007 Jan;15(1):50-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17676673

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry - Books 1. Kestenberg, Judith S and Brenner, Ira: The Last Witness: The Child Survivor of the Holocaust. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, D.C., 1996.

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors –Nursing – Articles 1. Davidson P, Jackson C. The nurse as a survivor: delayed post-traumatic stress reaction and cumulative trauma in nursing. Int J Nurs Stud. 1985;22(1):1-13. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3844380 2. Eaton L. No thanks for the memories. Nurs Times. 1998 Dec 2-8;94(48):33-5. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9934169 3. Freeman LH. Transcending circumstance: seeking Holism at Auschwitz. Holist Nurs Pract. 2002 Oct;16(5):32-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12465216

23 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors – Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health - Articles 1. Boetzkes E. Privacy, property, and the family in the age of genetic testing: observations from transformative feminism. J Soc Philos. 2001 Fall;32(3):301-16. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15069947 2. Charo RA. Effect of the Human Genome Initiative on women's rights and reproductive decisions. Fetal Diagn Ther. 1993 Apr;8(Suppl. 1):148-59. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11653014 3. Charo RA. The Human Genome Initiative, women's rights and reproductive decisions. Reprod Health Matters. 1994 Nov;No. 4:80-6. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660737 4. Litvak-Hirsch T, Bar-On D. To rebuild lives: a longitudinal study of the influences of the Holocaust on relationships among three generations of women in one family. Fam Process. 2006 Dec;45(4):465-83. . PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17220115 5. Maclean NE. Abortion for fetal abnormality. N Z Med J. 1979 Jul 25;90(640):75. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/290904 6. Maguire DC. Reflections of a Catholic theologian on visiting an abortion clinic. Conscience. 1996 Autumn;17(3):29-34. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12178871 7. Marcus EL, Menczel J. Higher prevalence of osteoporosis among female Holocaust survivors. Osteoporos Int. 2007 Nov;18(11):1501-6. Epub 2007 May 11. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17492392 8. Morgentaler H. Violent words, violent deeds. Conscience. 1996 Autumn;17(3):7-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12178872 9. Pasternak A, Brooks PG. The long-term effects of the Holocaust on the reproductive function of female survivors. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2007 Mar-Apr;14(2):211-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/17368259 10. Rudloff U, Ludwig H. Jewish gynecologists in Germany in the first half of the twentieth century. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2005 Oct;272(4):245-60. Epub 2005 Oct 13. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/16086229

Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors –Surgery – Articles 1. Schreiber S, Soskolne V, Kozohovitch H, Deviri E. Holocaust survivors coping with open heart surgery decades later: posttraumatic symptoms and quality of life. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004 Nov- Dec;26(6):443-52. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15567210

Miscellaneous Diseases and Health Problems

Hiroshima and Nagasaki 1. Honda S, Shibata Y, Mine M, Imamura Y, Tagawa M, Nakane Y, Tomonaga M. Mental health

24 Bibliography on Medical Concerns of Holocaust Victims, Survivors, and Next-Generation Children of Survivors

Miscellaneous Diseases and Health Problems

conditions among atomic bomb survivors in Nagasaki. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2002 Oct;56(5):575-83. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193250 2. Little MP. Cancer and non-cancer effects in Japanese atomic bomb survivors. J Radiol Prot. 2009 Jun;29(2A):A43-59. Epub 2009 May 19. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19454804 3. Sawada A, Chaitin J, Bar-On D. Surviving Hiroshima and Nagasaki—experiences and psychosocial meanings. Psychiatry. 2004 Spring;67(1):43-60; discussion 61-2. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15139585. 4. Yamada M, Izumi S. Psychiatric sequelae in atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki two decades after the explosions. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2002 Sep;37(9):409-15. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12242616

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide NOTE: Many of the resources for teaching about the Holocaust are oriented to pre-university school settings. However, they include many generic, primary resources and approaches that are appropriate for university and professional training institutions.

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide– Articles Bauer, Yehuda. On Holocaust Education. Speech at the Conference on “The Holocaust Era Assets: Why teach the Holocaust, what to teach, and how to teach.” Prague, June 2009. Available online at: http://en.jccenters.org/DetalleNota.aspx?id=3276

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide– Books 1. Council of Europe. Teaching About the Holocaust. European Seminar - Vilnius, Lithuania, 1-6 April, 2000. Council of Europe, 2003. Google Books Preview available online at: http://bit.ly/gScLZH 2. Davies, Ian, ed. The Holocaust: Educational Dimensions, Principles and Practice. New York: Continuum, 2000. Google Books Preview available online at: http://bit.ly/hGWVUF 3. Education on the Holocaust and on Anti-Semitism: An Overview and Analysis of Educational Approaches. Warsaw, Poland: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), 2006. Available online at: http://www.osce.org/publications/odihr/2006/04/18712_582_en.pdf

Lessons and Legacies, series 4. Hayes, Peter, ed. Lessons and Legacies I: The Meaning of the Holocaust in a Changing World. Evanston, Illinois: Norwestern University Press, 1991. 5. Schilling, Donald G., ed. Lessons and Legacies II. Teaching the Holocaust in a Changing World. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1998. 6. Hayes, Peter, ed. Lessons and Legacies III: Memory, Memorialization, and Denial. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1998. 7. Thompson, Larry, ed. Lessons and Legacies IV: Reflections on Rligion, Justice, Sexuality, and Genocide. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 2003. 8. Smelser, Ronald, ed. Lessons and Legacies V: The Holocaust and Justice. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 2002. 9. Diefendorf, Jeffry, ed. Lessons and Legacies VI: New Currents in Holocaust Research. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 2004.

10. Lecomte, Jean-Michel. Teaching about the Holocaust in the 21st century. Council of Europe, 2001. Translated from the French by Allen McDonald, Kerry Goyer, Richard McQuiston, Richard Thayer and Andrew Wright. Available online as a pdf file at: http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/remembrance/Source%5CPublications_pdf%5CTeachingHoloca ustLecomte_EN.pdf 11. Lecomte, JM. Teaching about the Holocaust in the 21st century. Council of Europe, 2001. Available for purchase online at: http://book.coe.int/EN/ficheouvrage.php?PAGEID=36&lang=EN&produit_aliasid=1544 12. Samuels, Robert. Teaching the Rhetoric of Resistance: The Popular Holocaust and Social

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide– Books Change in a Post 9/11 World – Education, Psychoanalysis, and Social Tranformation. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2007. Google Books Preview available online at: http://bit.ly/glt3Fq 13. Schweber, Simone, and Findling, Debbie. Teaching the Holocaust. Los Angeles, CA: Torah Aura Productions, 2007. Google Books Preview available online at: http://bit.ly/eBOrzL 14. Totten, Samuel, Bartrop, Paul Robert, and Jacobs, Steven L., eds. Teaching about the Holocaust: Essays by College and University Teachers. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2004. Google Books Preview available online at: http://bit.ly/dWEziX 15. Totten, Samuel, and Feinberg, Stephen, eds. Teaching and Studying the Holocaust. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 2009. Google Books Preview available online at: http://bit.ly/fQwsRf 16. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Teaching about the Holocaust: A Resource Book for Educators. Washington, D.C.: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, March, 2001. Available online at: http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites

1. Anti-Defamation League. Guidelines for Teaching About the Holocaust. http://www.adl.org/main_Holocaust/default.htm 2. Friedman, Jeanette. Zachor, remember. But What? And How? No Date. Available online at: http://www.Morim.org 3. Lookstein Center for Jewish Education Hecht, Shirah W. Best Practices in Holocaust Education: Guidelines and Standards. http://www.lookstein.org/online_journal.php?id=281

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites

4. Florida Center for Instructional Technology College of Education, University of South Florida A Teacher’s Guide to the Holocaust http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/Ho locaust/

• Timeline • People • The Arts • Teacher Resources • http://fcit.usf.edu/HOLOCAUST/resource/resource.htm • Bibliographies. General and specialized bibliographies of Holocaust works for students and teachers. • Movies. Short QuickTime movies of survivor testimony, , ghettos, transports, camps and other Holocaust themes. • Software. An annotated list of educational software appropriate to a study of the Holocaust. • Documents. Primary source materials related to the Holocaust. • Museums. Descriptions of Holocaust museums and resource centers in Florida and elsewhere. • Videography. An annotated list of films and videos about the Holocaust.

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites

4. Florida Center for Instructional Technology College of Education, University of South Florida A Teacher’s Guide to the Holocaust http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/Ho locaust/

• Galleries. Over 3,000 Holocaust photographs, drawings, and paintings grouped into thematic galleries. • Music. A collection of music files appropriate to a study of the Holocaust. • Virtual Reality Movies. Sixty VR panorama movies of concentration camps and other Holocaust- related sites. • Glossary. Terms related to the Holocaust, including the pronunciation of many foreign words. • Plays. An annotated list of educational plays with a Holocaust theme. Access full scripts of selected plays here. • Web Search. Links to relevant Holocaust-related Web search engines and directories. • Maps. All of the maps in A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust. Many of the maps are formatted for printing. • Quizzes. Interactive quizzes for each of the Timeline and People sub-sections. • Web Sites. Links to relevant Holocaust-related Web sites. • Student Activities

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 5. Holocaust Education Foundation http://www.holocaustef.org/ Programs http://www.holocaustef.org/programs.html

The Holocaust Educational Foundation concentrates its resources on facilitating teaching and scholarship at the college and university level. It does so through a variety of programs, which are described on the following pages: College and University Teaching Research Fellowships Visiting Lecturers Summer Institutes East European Seminar for Faculty East European Study for College Seniors "Lessons and Legacies" Conferences

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 6. Holocaust Teacher Resource Center http://www.holocaust-trc.org Lesson Plans and Curricula http://www.holocaust-trc.org/lesson.htm Editorials

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http://www.holocaust-trc.org/editorial.htm Essays and Publications http://www.holocaust-trc.org/essay.htm Conferences, Seminars, Short Courses http://www.holocaust-trc.org/conf.htm Events http://www.holocaust-trc.org/events.htm Annotated Bibliographies and Videographies http://www.holocaust-trc.org/bibliog.htm Book Reviews http://www.holocaust-trc.org/bookrev.htm Links http://www.holocaust-trc.org/links.htm

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 7. HopeSight: The Web’s Center for Holocaust Education http://www.hopesite.ca/ HopeSight: Teaching Materials http://www.hopesite.ca/rekindle/teaching/tching_materials.html

Eight free posters on the history of the Holocaust Nuremberg War Crimes Trials, transcribed One of our most important projects is mounting the full proceedings of the Trial of the Major German War Criminals. We have so far mounted volumes 1-4 as well as numerous supporting documents. Video Clips of Holocaust Survivors Speaking to High School Students There are now over eighty digital clips in our archive. The clips are one to two minutes in length, and organized in a question and answer format. The survivors were speaking at the VHRES Holocaust Symposium which is held in Victoria, BC, Canada every year. Video clips from survivors speaking at Victoria's 2004 Holocaust Education Symposium

British Library Holocaust Resources

British Library's collection of over 150 million items covers every age and place of written civilization, from unique historical documents to the latest information sources for business, industry and research

The Holocaust Remembrance Project A national essay contest for high school students across the United States and Mexico. Students are invited to use it as a means to personally react to the messages of the Holocaust. Scholarships of up to $5,000, and other prizes, will be awarded to students in first, second and third place categories.

A list of Holocaust books for young people

Guidelines for teaching about the Holocaust Before you plan your lessons, this page is a must visit. Provides clear guidance on how to design a meaningful program about the Holocaust. Sections include: Why teach Holocaust history? How to structure lessons plans Methodological points to consider Ideas for incorporating Holocaust study into existing courses

Virtual Reality Movies of Auschwitz, Birkenau, and more

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 7. HopeSight: The Web’s Center for Holocaust Education http://www.hopesite.ca/ HopeSight: Teaching Materials http://www.hopesite.ca/rekindle/teaching/tching_materials.html Holocaust Theme Page This "Theme Page" has links to two types of resources related to the study of the Holocaust. Students and teachers will find curricular resources (information, content...) to help them learn about this topic. In addition, there are also links to instructional materials (lesson plans) which will help teachers provide instruction in this theme."

Holocaust Teacher Education Center "Educators, (kindergarten through college) will find at this site materials which can be brought into the classroom and studied. Whenever possible entire documents are included and may be downloaded for direct use in the classroom" The site includes lesson plans, videographies, curricula, book reviews, and more

May Their Memories Be A Blessing - A Guide to Understanding the Holocaust "In creating this site, we have concentrated on primary sources - pictures, documents, and firsthand accounts - rather than giving a mere overview. To understand the Holocaust, one must understand the history of the Jews. For this reason, this site includes information on anti-Semitism before the Holocaust, including a chronology beginning at 1300 B.C.E."

The Holocaust Educational Foundation A private, non-profit organization established in 1980 by survivors, their children, and their friends in order to preserve and promote awareness of the reality of the Holocaust.

The Shoah Education Project This interactive web site is an "attempt to change hearts, to change perspectives, to make us all far more than tolerant of each other. Both the persons who tormented and persecuted, and the persons who were victimized and suffered, were initially, persons just like us. This program was designed to teach Shoah education in the church and synagogue, but is adaptable for all uses. Please visit our slide presentation, available to all educators for free, and downloadable with permission"

Jewish Virtual Library on The Holocaust Over 70 major topics are covered, including; Bibliography of The Holocaust, The Burning of the Books, The Controversy Over Richard Wagner, German Business and the Third Reich, The Gestapo, Holocaust Glossary, , Kristallnacht, Maps, Moral Dilemmas Faced by Jewish Doctors During the Holocaust, The Nazi Olympics, The Nuremberg Laws, Photographs, Resistance, The Swastika, What Makes the Holocaust Unique?, A Reflection on the Shoah from the Vatican, What We Knew and When We Knew It, etc.

Literature about the Holocaust An extensive, searchable, list

"The Ugly Truth about Hate: Exploring the Reasons for Hate Crimes" A Lesson plan An overview of the lesson: Students investigate examples of hate crimes and their causes by participating in a roundtable discussion. Students also write a personal essay describing their personal views on the subject and describing a plan for putting their views into action.

Teaching the Holocaust, a University of Arizona course by Edith Shaked An Online Interactive Mini-Course: How Did They Survive - Holocaust Survivors Speak Out

A Meta-Index of Holocaust-related web sites

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 7. HopeSight: The Web’s Center for Holocaust Education http://www.hopesite.ca/ HopeSight: Teaching Materials http://www.hopesite.ca/rekindle/teaching/tching_materials.html There is a wealth of well documented material here. Each site is an invaluable, rich resource for teachers interested in learning and teaching about the Holocaust and other hate-related crimes.

We Were Children Then: Vancouver Child Survivors Remember This teacher's resource guide was prepared for use by intermediate and secondary teachers in preparation for class visits to the exhibits "How Their Hearts Must Have Trembled: Children and the Holocaust" and "We Were Children Then: Vancouver Survivors Remember". At the heart of the guide are eyewitness testimonies, artifacts and writings of members of Vancouver's community of child survivors. The activities in the guide are aimed at a cross-section of grades and student learning levels to reflect the broad range of student visitors that come to the Education Centre.

The Unremembered: Searching for Women at the Holocaust Memorial "The purpose of this web site is to make available information about two subjects that are under- recorded: lesbians during the Holocaust and women of all sexual orientations who resisted in the underground, the ghettos and the camps."

Holocaust Studies Program The series covers 31 historical Holocaust topics

Holocaust/Genocide Project (HGP) The Holocaust/Genocide Project (HGP) is an international, nonprofit, telecommunications project focusing on study of the Holocaust and other genocides. The purpose of the HGP is to promote education and awareness, and to encourage the application of this knowledge in a way which makes a positive difference in the world.

It involves schools in the United States, Israel, Australia, Argentina, Bulgaria, Belarus, Russia, Poland, South Africa, Germany, Slovakia, the Netherlands, and Estonia.

The HGP welcomes all students -- Age 12-17 -- and teachers, internationally.

The Holocaust: A Tragic Legacy A site made by high school students

1938-39 Historical Archives Original newspaper clippings that document what the world knew in 1938 and 1939.

Over Fifty Holocaust History resource links

The Holocaust Gallery "The holocaust left deep scars on the jewish nation. For many years artists in all media have been battling with this subject. As a jewish artist, I believe it is my obligation to contribute to its commemoration. This series depicts mainly pre-holocaust images that portray the jewish spirit during those dire years."

The Truth About Anne Frank A Twelve Hour Class Outline, by Daniel T. Barkowitz. "Created for use in High School Programs (8th to 12th grades) at Temple Shalom, Newton and Temple Israel, Boston. It is divided into a twelve week class outline, each class lasting one hour. Copyright 1992 All Rights Reserved."

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 7. HopeSight: The Web’s Center for Holocaust Education http://www.hopesite.ca/ HopeSight: Teaching Materials http://www.hopesite.ca/rekindle/teaching/tching_materials.html

Teaching the Holocaust 12 Holocaust lessons for teachers.

Education...A Legacy Forum for Teaching the Holocaust For teachers: exchange lesson plans, share new ideas, and help students learn. Features the CD-ROM "Lest We Forget", an online study guide, a timeline, the Cybrary Bookstore featuring over 2001 titles available online, and more

All about Victoria's Holocaust Symposium The Symposium is designed to teach students to think and learn about the Holocaust and its relevance for today.

The Danish Center for Holocaust and Genocide The purpose of this web-based teaching resource is to provide teachers and students at upper secondary education institutions with the best possible interactive tool for teaching and learning about the Holocaust.

A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust "These activities have been developed for teachers to use as a guide. Our intent is to give teachers a framework to follow for use in a Holocaust unit of study. The philosophy behind these activities is based on constructivist pedagogy, brain-based learning and the awareness of the theory of multiple intelligences. We hope teachers will use them and build on them to fit the needs of students, taking into account their age, maturity, and ability levels. We strongly urge teachers to read and reread the Guidelines for Teaching the Holocaust published by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum before designing activities or using the ones we offer in A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust. The suggestions and cautions the Holocaust Museum offers are important and invaluable in delivering Holocaust instruction. The sensitivity of the subject matter requires careful consideration when designing curriculum and guiding students in presentations and research."

Jewish resistance This site explores many forms of resistance pursued by Jews during the Shoah. "It is a fallacy to think that the Jews did not resists the Nazis; armed resistance was spotty but passive resistance flourished in many forms. When the ghettos were created the Germans tried to starve the Jews to death, the Ghettos responded. In addition, the Jews used extensively many forms of passive resistance by building of hiding places (so called bunkers), hiding in the forest and on "Aryan papers", jumping from the death trains. The Jews showed tremendous resilience and inventiveness in adapting to life under inhuman conditions, but there was a general lack of armed resistance." Written by Alexander Kimel - Holocaust Survivor

Do You Know? Will you Remember? Books and Web sites about the Holocaust for Young Adults

Headlines from History A collage of newspaper headlines from WW II Canada

Idea: A Journal of Social Issues

Social Studies School Service Holocaust Learning Materials

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 7. HopeSight: The Web’s Center for Holocaust Education http://www.hopesite.ca/ HopeSight: Teaching Materials http://www.hopesite.ca/rekindle/teaching/tching_materials.html "We have just developed a web site with social studies educators in mind. Part of what we offer is an online catalog from which individuals can order charts, posters, books, videocassettes, cd-roms, etc. for teaching about the holocaust."

A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust An overview of the people and events of the Holocaust through text, documents, photos, art and literature.

Open Hearts, Closed Doors: The War Orphans Project "After the war, a group of young Jewish orpahs immigrated to Canada from the devestation of Europe as part of the War Orphans Proejct. Using their own words and artifacts, this virtual exhibit tells the story of the orphans' courage and resilience and of the tireless efforts of the people who helped them..."

The Story of Oscar Schindler "Oscar Schindler has been described as a cynical, greedy exploiter of slave workers during the Second World War, a black-marketer, gambler, member of the Nazi party eternally on the lookout for profit, alcoholic playboy and shameless womanizer of the worst sort. In the beginning of the 1960s, this same Oscar Schindler was honoured in Israel and declared "Righteous" and invited to plant a tree in The Avenue of the Righteous, which leads to the Yad Vashem Museum in Jerusalem. A memorial in the Park of Heroes praises him as the Saviour of more than 1,200 Jews!" [Quoted from the site] The information on this site is based on an article that appeared in Danish magazines.

Visas for Life: The Remarkable Story of Chiune and Yukiko Sugihara This study guide was developed for teachers in preparation for class visits to the exhibit "Visas for Life" at the Vancouver Holocaust Centre. The exhibit was about the rescue of Jews by non-Jews, Chiune and Yukiko Sugihara, in 1940. The activities in this guide are offered as a sampler of possibilities for the classroom. Audience: Intermediate and Secondary

The Holocaust: A Select Bibliography Teacher Resources at Coehn Center for Holocaust Studies, Keene State College

Anne Frank - Online Teacher's Guide Book "People will always follow a good example; be the one to set a good example, then it won't be long before the others follow..How lovely to think that no one need wait a moment, we can start now, start slowly changing the world! How lovely that everyone, great and small, can make their contribution toward introducing justice straightaway...And you can always, always give something, even if it is only kindness!"--Anne Frank, "Give," March 26, 1944

The Beth Shalom Holocaust Web Centre Acts as a central hub for three distinct main sites: Holocaustcentre.net Holocausthistory.net Holocaustbookstore.net

Teaching the Holocaust through Stamps This site describes a teaching unit for purchase that deals with the Holocaust. The teaching tasks are carried out through the use of stamps, pictures, children's paintings and text.

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide - Websites 7. HopeSight: The Web’s Center for Holocaust Education http://www.hopesite.ca/ HopeSight: Teaching Materials http://www.hopesite.ca/rekindle/teaching/tching_materials.html Timeline of the Holocaust

The Holocaust Teacher Resource Center Dedicated to combating prejudice and bigotry by presenting documented facts about the Holocaust to derive positive lessons how to make this a better and safer world for everybody.

Holocaust and Jewish Education at The Second World War "There was a direct connection between the events of the war and the growth of Jewish education in America. It is the purpose of this study to describe and explain this period of Jewish history, focusing primarily on the world of Jewish education. The study covers three broad periods: Jewish education and culture in America and Europe before 1939; the war itself and the role of Jewish education in the lives of its victims; the postwar period of growth in Orthodox Jewish life in America."

Teaching Materials (Start here!)

Historical Documents and Pictures

Stories of Individuals

Interactive Student Resources

Multi-Culturalism and Anti-Racism

Videos about Hate

Why study the Holocaust? ìThere is no more urgent task for educators in the field of history and social science than to teach about the importance of human rights and to analyze with them the actual instances in which genocide - the ultimate violation of human rights - has been committed. We study the atrocities of the past not only to preserve their signicance as historical events but also to help identify ways to prevent the atrocities from ever happening again.î1 We must also recognize that such a course of study requires the courage to honestly examine ourselves and our own history, and not just the histories of nations remote in time and place. It is only by creating a recognition that no nation, and no individual, is immune from the descent into injustice and barbarism, that we can hope to instill the counter-balamcing sense of ethical responsibility in ourselves and our students. Written by S Berer. 1 From Human Rights and Genocide in the History-Social Science Framework: A Model Curriculum, by the California State Board of Education, 1988

Guidelines for Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 8. Meinecke, Will. Online Workshop: Guest Lecture Teaching about the Holocaust http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/will/

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 9. Museum of Tolerance Education-Teacher Resources-Holocaust Resources http://www.museumoftolerance.com/site/c.tmL6KfNVLtH/b.5052467/k.4B6/Holocaust_Resources.ht m

Holocaust history and related tolerance concepts can be difficult and complex for students to discuss. The following guidelines offer some suggestions to help prepare for a respectful and sensitive discussion on the Holocaust.

1. Avoid overgeneralizations and simplistic comparisons. Encourage students to move beyond simple answers to the complex questions of the Holocaust. Be careful not to stereotype groups of people, for example as victims or perpetrators. When discussing the broad topic of genocide, take heed of the unique facts and circumstances of each historical incident.

2. Use precise and appropriate language. Define terms used and discuss their meaning in the context of your lessons.

3. Help students personalize history by connecting faces and stories to the statistics. Look at particular examples of individual Holocaust victims, both Jewish and non-Jewish, in literature, historical texts. Explore resistance to the Nazis and the emergence of heroes.

4. Select your resources carefully and guide your students to think critically about the sources they find. Utilize both primary and secondary source materials. Be aware of Holocaust revisionism. When possible, arrange for Survivors to speak to your students.

The Museum of Tolerance has developed a number of resources to assist educators in teaching about the Holocaust:

Courage to Remember Poster Series 36 Questions About the Holocaust Holocaust Educational Resource Kit Moriah Films Children of the Holocaust

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 10. Task Force for International Cooperation on Holocaust Education, Remembrance and Research www.holocausttaskforce.org

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 11. Ten Guidelines for Teaching About the Holocaust – U.S. Holocaust Memorial and Museum http://www.ushmm.org

Online Workshop: Teaching about the Holocaust http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/workshop/ For Teachers: Teaching About the Holocaust

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 11. Ten Guidelines for Teaching About the Holocaust – U.S. Holocaust Memorial and Museum http://www.ushmm.org

http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/ Guidelines for Teaching about the Holocaust http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/guideline/

Why teach about the Holocaust? Guidelines for Teaching Are you new to teaching about the Holocaust? Online Teacher Workshop State Profiles on Holocaust Education Essential Topics to Teach Resources and Materials Personal Stories and ID Cards Lesson, Activities, and Teacher Guides Common Student Questions about the Holocaust Professional Development Contemporary Issues on Genocide and Antisemitism Organizing a Group Visit Feedback E-mail Updates

Why Teach about the Holocaust?

Because the objective of teaching any subject is to engage the intellectual curiosity of the student in order to inspire critical thought and personal growth, it is helpful to structure your lesson plan on the Holocaust by keeping questions of rationale, or purpose, in mind. Teachers rarely have enough time to teach these complicated topics, though they may be required to do so by state standards. Nonetheless, lessons must be developed, and difficult content choices must be made. A well-thought out rationale helps with these difficult curricular decisions. In addition, people within and outside of the school community may question the use of valuable classroom time to study the Holocaust. Again, a well- formed rationale will help address these questions and concerns.

Before deciding what and how to teach, we recommend that you contemplate why you are teaching this history. Here are three key questions to consider:

• Why should students learn this history? • What are the most significant lessons students should learn from a study of the Holocaust? • Why is a particular reading, image, document, or film an appropriate medium for conveying the topics that you wish to teach?

The Holocaust provides one of the most effective subjects for an examination of basic moral issues. A structured inquiry into this history yields critical lessons for an investigation of human behavior. Study of the event also addresses one of the central mandates of education in the United States, which is to examine what it means to be a responsible citizen. Through a study of these topics, students come to realize that:

• Democratic institutions and values are not automatically sustained, but need to be appreciated,

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nurtured, and protected; • Silence and indifference to the suffering of others, or to the infringement of civil rights in any society can—however unintentionally—perpetuate the problems; and • The Holocaust was not an accident in history—it occurred because individuals, organizations, and governments made choices that not only legalized discrimination but also allowed prejudice, hatred, and ultimately mass murder to occur. • The Holocaust was a watershed event, not only in the twentieth century but also in the entire course of human history. • Study of the Holocaust assists students in developing an understanding of the roots and ramifications of prejudice, racism, and stereotyping in any society. • Thinking about these events can help students to develop an awareness of the value of pluralism and encourages acceptance of diversity in a pluralistic society. • The Holocaust provides a context for exploring the dangers of remaining silent, apathetic, and indifferent in the face of the oppression of others. • Holocaust history demonstrates how a modern nation can utilize its technological expertise and bureaucratic infrastructure to implement destructive policies ranging from social engineering to genocide. • A study of these topics helps students to think about the use and abuse of power, and the roles and responsibilities of individuals, organizations, and nations when confronted with civil rights violations and/or policies of genocide. • As students gain insight into the many historical, social, religious, political, and economic factors that cumulatively resulted in the Holocaust, they gain awareness of the complexity of the subject and a perspective on how a convergence of factors can contribute to the disintegration of democratic values. Students come to understand that it is the responsibility of citizens in any society to learn to identify danger signals, and to know when to react.

When you as an educator take the time to consider the rationale for your lesson(s) on the Holocaust, you will be more likely to select content that speaks to your students' interests and that provides them with a clearer understanding of a complex history. Most students demonstrate a high level of interest in studying this history precisely because the subject raises questions of fairness, justice, individual identity, peer pressure, conformity, indifference, and obedience—issues that adolescents confront in their daily lives. Students are also affected by and challenged to comprehend the magnitude of the Holocaust; they are particularly struck by the fact that so many people allowed this or any genocide to occur by failing either to resist or to protest.

Educators should avoid tailoring their Holocaust course or lesson in any degree to the particular makeup of their student population. Failing to contextualize the groups targeted by the Nazis as well as actions of those who resisted or rescued can result in misunderstanding or trivializing the history. Relevant connections for all learners often surface as the history is analyzed.

Methodological Considerations

The teaching of Holocaust history demands of educators a high level of sensitivity and a keen awareness of the complexity of the subject matter. The following recommendations, while reflecting approaches that would be appropriate for effective teaching in general, are particularly relevant to Holocaust education.

• Define the term "Holocaust"

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The Holocaust was the state-sponsored, systematic persecution and annihilation of European Jewry by Nazi Germany and its collaborators between 1933 and 1945. Jews were the primary victims—six million were murdered; Gypsies, the handicapped and Poles were also targeted for destruction or decimation for racial, ethnic, or national reasons. Millions more, including homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, Soviet prisoners of war and political

dissidents, also suffered grievous oppression and death under Nazi tyranny.

• Do not teach or imply that the Holocaust was inevitable

Just because a historical event took place, and it is documented in textbooks and on film, does not mean that it had to happen. This seemingly obvious concept is often overlooked by students and teachers alike. The Holocaust took place because individuals, groups, and nations made decisions to act or not to act. Focusing on those decisions leads to insights into history and human nature and can better help your students to become

critical thinkers.

• Avoid simple answers to complex questions

The history of the Holocaust raises difficult questions about human behavior and the context within which individual decisions are made. Be wary of oversimplification. Seek instead to nuance the story. Allow students to think about the many factors and events that contributed to the Holocaust and often

made decision-making difficult and uncertain.

• Strive for Precision of Language

Any study of the Holocaust touches upon nuances of human behavior. Because of the complexity of the history, there is a temptation to generalize and, thus, to distort the facts (e.g., "all concentration camps were killing centers" or "all Germans were collaborators"). Rather, you must strive to help your students clarify the information presented and encourage them to distinguish, for example, the differences between prejudice and discrimination, collaborators and bystanders, armed and spiritual resistance, direct orders and assumed orders, concentration camps and killing centers, and guilt and responsibility.

Words that describe human behavior often have multiple meanings. Resistance, for example, usually refers to a physical act of armed revolt. During the Holocaust, it also encompassed partisan activity; the smuggling of messages, food, and weapons; sabotage; and actual military engagement. Resistance may also be thought of as willful disobedience such as continuing to

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practice religious and cultural traditions in defiance of the rules or creating fine art, music, and poetry inside ghettos and concentration camps. For many, simply maintaining the will to remain alive in the face of abject brutality was an act of spiritual resistance.

Try to avoid stereotypical descriptions. Though all Jews were targeted for destruction by the Nazis, the experiences of all Jews were not the same. Remind your students that, although members of a group may share common experiences and beliefs, generalizations about them, without benefit of modifying or qualifying terms (e.g., "sometimes," "usually," "in many cases but not all") tend to stereotype group behavior and distort historical reality. Thus, all Germans cannot be characterized as Nazis nor should any nationality be reduced to a singular or one-dimensional description.

• Strive for balance in establishing whose perspective informs your study of the Holocaust

Most students express empathy for victims of mass murder. However, it is not uncommon for students to assume that the victims may have done something to justify the actions against them and, thus, to place inappropriate blame on the victims themselves. One helpful technique for engaging students in a discussion of the Holocaust is to think of the participants involved as belonging to one of four categories: victims, perpetrators, rescuers, and bystanders. Examine the actions, motives, and decisions of each group. Portray all individuals, including victims and perpetrators, as human beings who are capable of moral judgment and independent decision making.

As with any topic, students should make careful distinctions about sources of information Students should be encouraged to consider why a particular text was written, who wrote it, who the intended audience was, whether there were any biases inherent in the information, whether any gaps occurred in discussion, whether omissions in certain passages were inadvertent or not, and how the information has been used to interpret various events. Because scholars often base their research on different bodies of information, varying interpretations of history can emerge. Consequently, all interpretations are subject to analytical evaluation. Strongly encourage your students to investigate carefully the origin and authorship of all material, particularly anything found on the Internet.

• Avoid comparisons of pain

A study of the Holocaust should always highlight the different policies carried out by the Nazi regime toward various groups of people; however, these distinctions should not be presented as a basis for comparison of the level of suffering between those groups during the Holocaust. One cannot presume that the horror of an individual, family, or community destroyed by the Nazis was any greater than that experienced by victims of other genocides. Avoid generalizations that suggest exclusivity such as "the victims of the Holocaust suffered the most cruelty ever faced by a people in the history of humanity."

• Do not romanticize history

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People who risked their lives to rescue victims of Nazi oppression provide useful, important, and compelling role models for students. Given that only a small fraction of non-Jews under Nazi occupation helped to rescue Jews, an overemphasis on heroic tales in a unit on the Holocaust can result in an inaccurate and unbalanced account of the history. Similarly, in exposing students to the worst aspects of human nature as revealed in the history of the Holocaust, you run the risk of fostering cynicism in your students. Accuracy of fact along with a balanced perspective on the history

must be a priority.

• Contextualize the history

Events of the Holocaust and, particularly, how individuals and organizations behaved at that time, should be placed in historical context. The occurrence of the Holocaust must be studied in the context of European history as a whole to give students a perspective on the precedents and circumstances that may have

contributed to it.

Similarly, study of the Holocaust should be viewed within a contemporaneous context, so students can begin to comprehend the circumstances that encouraged or discouraged particular actions or events. For example, when thinking about resistance, consider when and where an act took place; the immediate consequences to one's actions to self and family; the degree of control the Nazis had on a country or local population; the cultural attitudes of particular native populations historically toward different victim groups; and the availability and risk of potential hiding places.

Encourage your students not to categorize groups of people only on the basis of their experiences during the Holocaust: contextualization is critical so that victims are not perceived only as victims. By exposing students to some of the cultural contributions and achievements of 2,000 years of European Jewish life, for example, you help them to balance their perception of Jews as victims and to better appreciate the traumatic disruption in Jewish history caused by the Holocaust.

• Translate statistics into people

In any study of the Holocaust, the sheer number of victims challenges easy comprehension. Show that individual people— families of grandparents, parents, and children—are behind the statistics and emphasize that within the larger historical narrative is a diversity of personal experience. Precisely because they portray people in the fullness of their lives and not just as victims, first-person accounts and memoir literature provide students with a way of making meaning out of collective numbers and add individual voices to a collective experience.

• Make responsible methodological choices

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One of the primary concerns of educators teaching the history of the Holocaust is how to present horrific, historical images in a sensitive and appropriate manner. Graphic material should be used judiciously and only to the extent necessary to achieve the objective of the lesson. Try to select images and texts that do not exploit the students' emotional vulnerability or that might be construed as disrespectful of the victims themselves. Do not skip

any of the suggested topics for study of the Holocaust because the visual images are too graphic. Use other approaches to address the material.

In studying complex human behavior, many teachers rely upon simulation exercises meant to help students "experience" unfamiliar situations. Even when great care is taken to prepare a class for such an activity, simulating experiences from the Holocaust remains pedagogically unsound. The activity may engage students, but they often forget the purpose of the lesson and, even worse, they are left with the impression that they now know what it was like to suffer or even to participate during the Holocaust. It is best to draw upon numerous primary sources, provide survivor testimony, and refrain from simulation games that lead to a trivialization of the subject matter.

Furthermore, word scrambles, crossword puzzles, counting objects, model building, and other gimmicky exercises tend not to encourage critical analysis but lead instead to low-level types of thinking and, in the case of Holocaust curricula, trivialization of the history. If the effects of a particular activity, even when popular with you and your students, run counter to the rationale for studying the history, then that activity should not be used.

Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 12. Five Guidelines for Teaching about a Genocide - United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 1. For Teachers: Teaching About the Holocaust http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/ 2. Guidelines for Teaching about the Holocaust http://www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/guideline/

Teachers are strongly encouraged to review the ten Guidelines for Teaching about the Holocaust… [See Appendix B or the US Holocaust Memorial Museum URL above]. That commentary provides excellent teaching suggestions for the Holocaust and all historical periods. The guidelines below are five additional recommendations which bear special attention for teaching about genocide generally.

The term "genocide" did not exist before 1944. It is a very specific term, referring to violent crimes committed against groups with the intent to destroy the existence of the group. Teachers are strongly encouraged to discuss the concept of genocide and its development since World War II as a background and foundation for their investigation of individual or multiple genocidal events. For more information on these topics, visit http://www.ushmm.org/conscience/history/.

1. Define genocide

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Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; forcibly transferring children of the group to another group." 1

2. Investigate the context and dynamics that have led to genocide

A study of genocide should consider what the steps toward genocide in a society have been or could be. Analysis should be made of various factors and patterns which may play a role in the early stages: political considerations, economic difficulties, local history and context, etc. How are targeted groups defined, dehumanized, marginalized, and/or segregated before mass killing begins? As students learn of the early phases of a

genocide, have them consider how steps and causal conditions may have been deflected or minimized. Have students think about scope, intent, and tactics. Be mindful that there is no one set pattern or list of preliminary steps that always lead to mass murder.

3. Be wary of simplistic parallels to other genocides

Each genocide has its own unique characteristics of time, place, people, and methods employed. Students are likely to try to make facile comparisons to other genocides, particularly the Holocaust; however, it is up to the teacher to redirect students to focus on the pain and specifics of a particular community at a particular time and place. Some parallels do indeed exist between the Holocaust and other genocides: the use of trains to transport

victims, camps for detention and killing, etc. However, genocide has also occurred without these two tactics. Thus, careful comparisons could be made in the "tactics" or procedures utilized by oppressors to destroy the communities, but one should avoid comparing the pain and suffering of individuals.

4. Analyze American and world response

The world community is very different and far more complicated in the aftermath of the Holocaust. An important goal in studying all aspects of genocide is to learn from mistakes and apply these lessons for future action. To do this, students must strive to understand not only what was done, or not done, in the past but also why action was or was not taken. As with any historical event, particularly genocide, it is important to present the facts. Students need to be aware of the various choices that the global community had available before, during, and after the mass killing. It is important to begin at home, with the choices available to the United States. It is likewise pertinent to discuss all of the stakeholders involved—political leaders, religious leaders, and private citizens. Next, it is critical to discuss the range of

choices seemingly available to the rest of the global community. How do international and regional authorities respond? What is the role of non-governmental organizations? When is diplomacy, negotiation, isolation, or military involvement appropriate or effective?

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Teaching About the Holocaust and Genocide – Websites 12. Five Guidelines for Teaching about a Genocide - United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Students may become frustrated when they learn of governmental inaction in the face of genocide. While there are certainly cynical reasons for not intervening, teachers can lead students to understand the complexity of responding to genocide, that it is usually not a simple matter to step into another country across the world and tell one group to stop killing another group. In addressing what might cause genocide and how to prevent it, consider these questions:

• When does a nation (the United States, for example) have the political will to take all necessary steps to stop genocide? • How much international cooperation can be mustered? How much is needed? • What are the possible ramifications of intervention? • Is a nation willing to absorb casualties and death to stop a genocide?

5. Illustrate positive actions taken by individuals and nations in the face of genocide

One reason that genocide occurs could be the complicity of bystanders within the nation and around the world. However, in each genocide, there have been individuals who have spoken out against the oppressive regime and/or rescued threatened people. These have been persons at risk inside the country as well as external observers or stakeholders. There are always a few who stand up to face evil with tremendous acts of courage—and sometimes very small acts of courage, of no less importance. Teachers should discuss these responses without exaggerating their numbers or their frequency.

When teaching and learning about genocide, individuals may fall prey to helplessness or acceptance of inevitability because the event is imminent or in progress. The magnitude of the event and seeming inertia in the world community and its policymakers can be daunting, but actions of any size have potential impact. Numerous episodes from the Holocaust and other genocides illustrate this point.

1 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. (UN)

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Teaching History, and the History of Medicine – Resources and Guidelines

Teaching the History of Medicine - Articles 1. Lerner BH. From Laennec to lobotomy: teaching medical history at academic medical centers. Am J Med Sci. 2000 May;319(5):279-84. PubMed Abstract. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10830550

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Resources and Guidelines for Teaching Ethics and Bioethics

Teaching Medical and Research Ethics – Articles 1. Benatar SR. Teaching medical ethics. Q J Med. 1994 Dec;87(12):759-67. Review. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11660145 2. Bissonette R, O'Shea RM, Horwitz M, Routé CF. A data-generated basis for medical ethics education: categorizing issues experienced by students during clinical training. Acad Med. 1995 Nov;70(11):1035-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7575932 Comment in: • Acad Med. 2000 Mar;75(3):215. 3. Dingle AD, Stuber ML. Ethics education. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008 Jan;17(1):187- 207, xi. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18036486 4. DuVal G, Clarridge B, Gensler G, Danis M. A national survey of U.S. internists' experiences with ethical dilemmas and ethics consultation. J Gen Intern Med. 2004 Mar;19(3):251-8. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15009780 5. Eckles RE, Meslin EM, Gaffney M, Helft PR. Medical ethics education: where are we? Where should we be going? A review. Acad Med. 2005 Dec;80(12):1143-52. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16306292 6. Freeman JW, Wilson AL. Virtue and longitudinal ethics education in medical school. S D J Med. 1994 Dec;47(12):427-30. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7831568 7. Goldie J, Schwartz L, McConnachie A, Morrison J. The impact of a modern medical curriculum on students' proposed behaviour on meeting ethical dilemmas. Med Educ. 2004 Sep;38(9):942-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15327675 8. Genuis SJ. Dismembering the ethical physician. Postgrad Med J. 2006 Apr;82(966):233-8. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16597808 9. Grossman, Eric, and Angelos, Peter. Available resources abound for teaching ethics to residents. Residency Assist Page. American College of Surgeons. May 7, 2010. Available online at: http://www.facs.org/education/rap/grossman0510.html 10. Hurst SA, Hull SC, DuVal G, Danis M. How physicians face ethical difficulties: a qualitative analysis. J Med Ethics. 2005 Jan;31(1):7-14. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15634746 11. Iramaneerat C. Moral education in medical schools. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006 Nov;89(11):1987-93. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17205887 12. Kottow MH. Theoretical aids in teaching medical ethics. Med Health Care Philos. 1999;2(3):225-9. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11080989 13. Merritt MW, Labrique AB, Katz J, Rashid M, West KP Jr, Pettit J. A field training guide for human subjects research ethics. PLoS Med. 2010 Oct 5;7(10). PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pubmed/20957182; Free full text available online a: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxyhost.library.tmc.edu/pmc/articles/PMC2950122/ 14. Mills S, Bryden DC. A practical approach to teaching medical ethics. J Med Ethics. 2010 Jan;36(1):50-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20026694 15. Mitchell KR, Myser C, Kerridge IH. Assessing the clinical ethical competence of undergraduate medical students. J Med Ethics. 1993 Dec;19(4):230-6. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8308879 16. Musick DW. Teaching medical ethics: a review of the literature from North American medical schools with emphasis on education. Med Health Care Philos. 1999;2(3):239-54. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11080991 17. Musick DW. Medical ethics education must include students' moral dilemmas within the clinical

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Resources and Guidelines for Teaching Ethics and Bioethics

Teaching Medical and Research Ethics – Articles setting. Acad Med. 2000 Mar;75(3):215. PubMed. No Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10724303 Comment on: • Acad Med. 1995 Nov;70(11):1035-7. 18. Myser C, Kerridge IH, Mitchell KR. Ethical reasoning and decision-making in the clinical setting: assessing the process. Med Educ. 1995 Jan;29(1):29-33. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7623681 19. Myser C, Kerridge IH, Mitchell KR. Teaching clinical ethics as a professional skill: bridging the gap between knowledge about ethics and its use in clinical practice. J Med Ethics. 1995 Apr;21(2):97- 103. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7608948 20. Olick RS. It's ethical, but is it legal? Teaching ethics and law in the medical school curriculum. Anat Rec. 2001 Feb;265(1):5-9. Review. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11241205 21. Pimple, Kenneth D. Using Small Group Assignments in Teaching Research Ethics. March 2002. Available online at: http://poynter.indiana.edu/tre/kdp-groups.pdf 22. Roff S, Preece P. Helping medical students to find their moral compasses: ethics teaching for second and third year undergraduates. J Med Ethics. 2004 Oct;30(5):487-9. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15467084; Free Full Text available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1733931/?tool=pubmed 23. Self, Donnie J., and Baldwin, DeWitt C., Jr. Moral Reasoning in Medicine. Ch. 8, pp. 147-162, in James R. Rest and Darcia Narváez, eds. Moral Development In The Professions: Psychology And Applied Ethics. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc, 1994. (Chapters cover College, Nursing, School Teachers, Counseling, Accounting, Dentistry, Medicine, Sport, and Journalism.) Google Books. Preview. The total pages displayed will be limited. Not all pages may be displayed. Available online at: http://bit.ly/9jQ7QG 24. St Onge J. Medical education must make room for student-specific ethical dilemmas. CMAJ. 1997 Apr 15;156(8):1175-7. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9141991 25. Swenson SL, Rothstein JA. Navigating the wards: teaching medical students to use their moral compasses. Acad Med. 1996 Jun;71(6):591-4. PubMed. Abstract. Available online at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9125914 26. Teaching the Responsible Conduct of Research in Humans (RCRH). Available online at: http://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/ucla/default.htm

Teaching General Ethics - Articles 1. McNeel, Steven P. College Teaching and Student Moral Development. Chapter 2 in Rest, James R, and Narvaez, eds., Moral Development in the Professions: Psychology and Applied Ethics. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, Associates, Inc., 1994. Available online at: http://bit.ly/apQR30 2. Sims, Ronald R, and Felton, Edward L, Jr. Successfully Teaching Ethics for Effective Learning. College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal – Third Quarter 2005 Volume 1, Number 3. Available online at: http://www.cluteinstitute-onlinejournals.com/PDFs/2005156.pdf 3. Toner, James H. Mistakes in Teaching Ethics. Air & Space Power Journal. Summer 1998. Available online at: HTML: http://www.airpower.au.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj98/sum98/toner.html PDF: http://www.airpower.au.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj98/sum98/toner.pdf

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Teaching Ethics - Websites 1. Society for Ethics Across the Curriculum http://www.rit.edu/cla/ethics/seac/ 2. Teaching Ethics Journal http://www.wmich.edu/ethics/journal.html 3. Bioethics. Markkula Center for Applied Ethics http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/medical/ Articles, cases, and links on medical ethics, biotechnology and ethics, clinical ethics, end-of-life decision making, culturally competent health care, and public health policy from the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University. Center staff and scholars work with hospitals, public health departments, and other agencies to analyze real-world ethical issues in medicine and biotechnology and to develop innovative tools and programs to address them.

Online Resources in Bioethics • Biotechnology and Health Care Articles: Materials on Cloning, Genetics, Health Care Access, Etc. • End-of-Life Materials: Articles and Cases on Assisted Death, Caregiving, Withdrawal of Treatment, Etc. • Medical Ethics Cases: Scenarios on Managed Care, Alternative Medicine, Etc. • Medical Decision Making for Patients in the Care of Public Guardians: Policy recommendations, cases, and bibliography • Culturally Competent Care: Research, cases, and reflections • Pandemic Ethics Toolkit: A report to the Santa Clara County Department of Public Health on ethical preparedness for pandemic flu

Center Programs in Bioethics • Health Care Ethics at the Center: Partnerships, Internships, and Research • Applied Ethics Center at O'Connor Hospital: Affiliated Center

Bioethics Links • Health Care and Biotechnology • End-of-Life Ethics • Ethics and Science • Environmental Ethics • Cloning and Stem Cell Research

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