Der Alp(En)Traum a Für Finanzinvestoren So Spekta- Kulär Wie Für Andere Manager Das Morgendliche Binden Der Krawatte

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Der Alp(En)Traum a Für Finanzinvestoren So Spekta- Kulär Wie Für Andere Manager Das Morgendliche Binden Der Krawatte ngebote, reicher zu werden, sind Der Alp(en)traum A für Finanzinvestoren so spekta- kulär wie für andere Manager das morgendliche Binden der Krawatte. Auch ein Londoner Großanleger erwar- BAYERNLB Habgier, Unfähigkeit und tete keine Sensationen, als sich Ende November 2006 Besuch ankündigte. Größenwahn haben aus der Landesbank Ein gewisser Tilo Berlin (51), ein am Wörthersee lebender Vermögensverwal- einen Fall für Staatsanwälte gemacht. ter, bot dem Mann, der seinen Namen Und schon tauchen neue, bisher lieber für sich behalten will, einen Anteil an der Hypo Alpe Adria an. Die Kärnte- unbekannte Risiken auf – eine Abrechnung. ner Bank brauche Eigenkapital; für rund 250 Millionen Euro seien knapp 10 Pro- zent zu haben. Berlin wollte einsteigen, später sogar auf 25 Prozent aufstocken. Aber für ihn allein war die Sache zu groß. Er brauchte Ko-Investoren. Berlin brachte einen Überraschungs- gast mit: Wolfgang Kulterer (56), damals 60 managermagazin 3/2010 Unternehmen BayernLB Weiß-blaue Affäre: 2007 kauften die früheren BayernLB-Manager Schmidt und Kemmer, unterstützt von Ministerpräsident Stoiber, die Hypo-Alpe-Adria-Bank. Der Deal, eingefädelt von Vermögensverwalter Berlin und dem damaligen Kärntner Landeshauptmann Haider (v. l. n. r.), beschäftigt heute die Staatsanwälte. FOTOS: [M] CHRISTOF STACHE / AP, UWE LEIN HOFFMANN IMAGO, GERT EGGENBERGER PA DPA, ROMAN BABIRAD BABIRADPICTURE Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender und zuvor ihn. Die Bank stecke voller Giftmüll. nuar 2007 ernsthaft über einen Einstieg lange Vorstandschef der Hypo Alpe Er sagte ab. Hätte er investiert, hätte er der Bayern in Kärnten redeten. Berlins Äu- Adria. Kulterer sei „nicht in offizieller seinen Einsatz locker verdoppeln kön- ßerungen in London deuten jedoch dar - Funktion“ angereist, sagte Berlin, aber er nen. Denn es kam wie von Berlin wohl auf hin, dass die bayerische Bank schon habe doch gute Einblicke ins Geschäft. angekündigt. Im Mai 2007 kaufte die vor dem Berlin-Einstieg mit den Kärnte- So ganz inoffiziell wusste Kulterer al- BayernLB seine Anteile und weitere 25 nern anbändelte – zu einem Zeitpunkt, lerhand Gutes über die Bank zu berich- Prozent dazu, zu einem hohen Preis. zu dem sie die Anteile noch wesentlich ten. Dann, der Oberaufseher hatte den Glücklich allerdings, auch die österrei- billiger hätte bekommen können. Raum kurz verlassen, legte Berlin nach: chischen Warner behielten recht, wur- Tatsächlich, auch das spricht für frühe Es sei noch nichts unterschrieben, aber den die Bayern mit ihrer Tochter nicht. Gespräche mit der BayernLB, bot Berlin er sei sich ziemlich sicher, dass er die Seit Dezember 2009 gehört die Hypo die Hypo Alpe Adria auch anderen zum Beteiligung relativ schnell mit großem Alpe Adria der Republik Österreich, per Weiterverkauf an. So rief er im Herbst Gewinn weiterverkaufen könne. Notverkauf abgegeben für einen Euro. 2006 den Chef einer deutschen Groß- So erinnert sich zumindest der Lo- Schaden für die BayernLB: fast vier Mil - bank an. Berlins Angebot: Er wolle 10 doner Investor. Berlin habe ihm sogar liarden Euro. Prozent der Hypo Alpe kaufen und benö- den möglichen Käufer genannt: die Das Treffen in der britischen Haupt- tige dafür eine Finanzierung. Im Gegen- BayernLB. Berlin lässt ausrichten, diese stadt erschüttert sämtliche offiziellen zug biete er die Möglichkeit, später in die Schilderung treffe nicht zu. Darstellungen des Verkaufs der Hypo Kärntener Bank einzusteigen. Der Bank- Der Mann in London rief österreichi - Alpe Adria an die BayernLB. Die Beteilig- chef wollte nicht. Zu viel Schlechtes sche Geschäftspartner an. Die warnten ten sagen, dass die Banken erst seit Ja- hatte er schon über die Hypo Alpe gehört. managermagazin 3/2010 61 Unternehmen BayernLB vorbei. Fehlende Aufsicht, überforderte Manager, selbstherrliche Politiker: Jahre- langes Missmanagement brachte die Bank an den Rand der Pleite. Noch heu- te ist die Situation kritisch. Kommt es ganz schlimm, muss der designierte Vor- standschef Gerd Häusler (58) die zweit- größte deutsche Landesbank abwickeln. BESIEGELT WURDE dieser beispiellose Niedergang ausgerechnet durch den Versuch, das Schicksal der Bank endlich zum Besseren zu wenden. Schon Mitte des Jahrzehnts hatten die BayernLB- Oberen auf einer Strategietagung ihr künftiges Wachstumsfeld identifiziert: Teures Prestigeprojekt: Das Luxushotel der BayernLB auf dem Obersalzberg Südosteuropa. Auf den Spuren der Wit- telsbacher wolle man wandeln, verkün- dete Bankchef Schmidt großspurig. Chronik des Schreckens Die Erfolgsbilanz der BayernLB in Wie die BayernLB von einem Skandal zum nächsten stolperte dieser Region war zu diesem Zeitpunkt mäßig; man könnte auch sagen: nieder- schmetternd. 2001 hatte man sich sang- April 2002: Die Kirch-Gruppe meldet Ende 2008 summieren sich die Verluste und klanglos aus der Tiroler Sparkasse In solvenz an. Die BayernLB hat dem auf rund fünf Milliarden Euro. zurückgezogen, bei der die BayernLB Medienkonzern mehr als zwei Milliarden drei Jahre zuvor eingestiegen war. Der Euro geliehen. Es bleibt nicht der einzige Oktober 2008: Der Verkauf eines Versuch, die Gewerkschaftsbank Bawag Fall, bei dem sich die von der Politik ge - 25-Prozent-Pakets der Landesbank an komplett zu übernehmen, war 2004 ge- steuerte Landesbank verhebt. Auch bei Finanzinvestoren scheitert an scheitert. Die Wiener Arbeiterführer Pleitefällen wie Fairchild Dornier und Grun- mangelndem Interesse. kauften den 46-prozentigen Anteil der dig ist das Institut als Gläubiger dabei. Münchener zurück. November 2008: Bayern rettet seine Vollends zum Desaster geriet das En- März 2005: Auf dem Obersalzberg Landesbank mit einer Kapitalspritze von gagement bei der kroatischen Rijecka öffnet das „Berchtesgaden Interconti“ zehn Milliarden Euro. Weil sich die Spar- Banka: Nachdem Anfang 2002 kriminelle (Foto) seine Pforten. Das Luxushotel, kassen nicht an der Nothilfe beteiligen, Machenschaften eines Devisenhändlers mangels anderer Investoren im Besitz sinkt ihr Anteil auf etwa 6 Prozent. aufgeflogen waren, schickten die Mün- der BayernLB, hat die Landesbank bis chener eine Task-Force an die Adria. heute rund 15 Millionen Euro gekostet. Dezember 2009: Die BayernLB gibt die Doch die nadelbestreifte Eingreiftruppe 2007 erworbene Kärntener Tochter wurde bedroht und verließ das Land August 2007: Vom Sommer an mehren Hypo Alpe Adria an die Republik fluchtartig per Mietwagen. Kurz darauf sich die Meldungen über rote Zahlen der Österreich ab. Unterm Strich bleibt ein gab die BayernLB die Tochter an den Bayern aus Kreditersatzgeschäften. Bis Verlust von 3,7 Milliarden Euro. kroatischen Staat zurück. Schaden für die Münchener: rund 75 Millionen Dollar. Im Frühjahr 2006 bot sich eine neue Chance. Die Bawag, aus der sich Schmidt Die Übernahme des Kärntener Geld- gesteuert wurde. Da löschten Geschäfte erst zwei Jahre zuvor zurückgezogen hauses strotzt nur so vor dubiosen De- mit US-Hypothekenkrediten sämtliche hatte, stand zum Verkauf. Das Institut tails. Seit einigen Wochen untersuchen Gewinne der vergangenen 15 Jahre aus. hatte, noch unter den Augen des bayeri- die Staatsanwaltschaften in München Da musste die Bank allzu oft im Auftrag schen Großaktionärs, mit Devisenspeku- und Klagenfurt die genauen Umstände. der Politik den Feuerlöscher spielen und lationen in der Karibik Milliardenbeträge Es geht um den Verdacht der Untreue, bayerischen Unternehmen, die kaum versenkt und musste vom österreichi - vor allem darum, dass die BayernLB ei- noch kreditwürdig waren, viel Geld lei- schen Staat gerettet werden. nen zu hohen Preis bezahlte; aber es geht hen. Da führten Vorstandschefs wie der Mit der Investmentbank Rothschild auch um vermutete Bestechung. für das Kärnten-Desaster verantwortli- und dem Wirtschaftsprüfer Ernst & Young Die zweieinhalbjährige Liaison der che Werner Schmidt (66) die Bank nach heuerte Schmidt eine hochkarätige Bera- FOTO: BLICKWINKEL Münchener BayernLB mit der Hypo Alpe Gutsherrenart. tertruppe an. Rothschild schickte sogar reiht sich perfekt ein in die Historie einer Die Zeit, als die CSU-Granden die Bay- den früheren deutschen Bundeskanzler Bank, die in den vergangenen Jahren ziel- ernLB für das Bayern München der deut- Gerhard Schröder (65), mittlerweile im sicher von einem Desaster ins nächste schen Landesbanken hielten, ist lange Beraterkreis der Bank, als Lobbyisten 62 managermagazin 3/2010 Unternehmen BayernLB dass die Hypo versucht hatte, Verluste aus Devisentermingeschäften zu ver- schleiern. Frontmann Kulterer musste abtreten. Als Aufsichtsratschef durfte er trotzdem bleiben. Der Mehrheitsaktio- när, das Bundesland Kärnten, wollte es so; allen voran der damalige Landes- hauptmann Jörg Haider. Die chronisch kapitalschwache Hypo brauchte dringend Geld – und das eben- falls klamme Kärnten einen Investor. Ein Selbstgänger war das nicht. Die Hypo hatte mit dubiosen Grundstücks- geschäften und fragwürdigen Leasing- Deals in den Nachfolgestaaten des frühe- ren Jugoslawiens zahlreiche Risiken in Kärntens Kreativfinanzierer: Jörg Haider ihre Bücher geladen. „Die hatten ihre Bi- lanz mit Schrottpapieren aufgeblasen“, sagt ein Londoner Investmentbanker; Die Haider-Bank sein Institut habe die Hypo damals auf Wie der Landeshauptmann die Hypo Alpe Adria nutzte einer schwarzen Liste nicht vertrauens- würdiger Geschäftspartner geführt. Auch diesseits der Alpen war man sich Der Landeschef: Jörg Haider, der 2008 Beteiligung des Landes an der Hy po- der Schwachstellen wohl bewusst. „Wir gestorbene Landeshauptmann, wusste Bank. Das Geldhaus streckte Haiders kannten die Risiken“, sagt ein mit dem sich in Kärnten beliebt
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