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Taking Stock WORLDWIDE NUCLEAR DEPLOYMENTS 1998
Taking Stock WORLDWIDE NUCLEAR DEPLOYMENTS 1998 BY William M. Arkin Robert S. Norris Joshua Handler NRDC Nuclear Program MARCH 1998 NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL, INC. 1200 New York Ave., NW, Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20005 202/289-6868 VOICE 802-457-3426 (Arkin) 202-289-2369 (Norris) FAX 202-289-1060 INTERNET [email protected] [email protected] Worldwide Nuclear Deployments 1998 i © Copyright, Natural Resources Defense Council, 1998 ii TAKING STOCK Table of Contents Introduction . 1 Methodology . 4 Arms Control and Nuclear Weapons Deployments . 6 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I) . 6 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START II) . 7 The Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty . 8 Unilateral Initiatives . 8 Future Nuclear Deployments . 11 The United States . 14 Nuclear History . 16 Nuclear Organization . 19 Nuclear Weapons Deployments . 24 Russia . 26 Nuclear Organization . 29 Nuclear Weapons Deployments . 33 Britain . 39 France . 42 China . 45 Appendix A: Locations of U.S. Nuclear Weapons, by Type . 53 Appendix B: U.S. Nuclear Weapons by Location . 55 Appendix C: U.S. Nuclear Weapons, Location Profiles . 56 By State California . 56 Colorado . 57 Georgia. 58 Louisiana . 59 Missouri . 60 Montana . 61 Nebraska . 61 Nevada . 62 New Mexico. 63 North Dakota . 65 Texas . 68 Virginia . 70 Washington . 70 Wyoming . 72 Overseas by Country Belgium . 72 Germany . 73 Greece . 76 Italy . 77 The Netherlands . 78 Turkey . 78 United Kingdom . 79 Appendix D: Location of Russian Nuclear Weapons, by Type . 81 Appendix E: Russian Nuclear Weapons by Location . 84 Appendix F: British Nuclear Weapons by Type and Location . 88 Appendix G: French Nuclear Weapons by Type and Location . -
Appendix 12A. World Nuclear Forces, 2005
Appendix 12A. World nuclear forces, 2005 SHANNON N. KILE and HANS M. KRISTENSEN* I. Introduction A decade and a half after the end of the cold war, eight states deploy more than 13 000 operational nuclear weapons (see table 12A.1). If all warheads are counted— operational warheads, spares, and those in both active and inactive storage—the eight states possess a total of roughly 27 600 warheads. In addition to these intact weapons, thousands more plutonium cores (pits) are stored as a strategic reserve. The nuclear arsenals vary in both size and capability, ranging from Russia’s 7360 operational weapons to those of India and Pakistan, whose combined arsenal still contains fewer than 100 warheads. Despite their different circumstances, however, all the eight states continue to maintain and modernize their arsenals and insist, publicly or covertly, that nuclear weapons play a crucial and enduring role for their national security. Both Russia and the United States are in the process of reducing their operational nuclear forces under the terms of the 1991 START I Treaty and the 2002 Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (SORT).1 China, India and Pakistan, on the other hand, may increase their arsenals somewhat over the next decade. France appears to have reached an equilibrium of some sort in the size of its arsenal, while the United King- dom will soon face a decision about the future of its nuclear arsenal. When the current Russian and US reductions have been completed, in 2012, these eight states (assuming no others have joined the ‘nuclear club’) will still possess a total of about 14 000 intact nuclear warheads. -
Retaining and Expanding Military Missions: Washington State's Importance and Opportunities for the Department of Defense In
Retaining and Expanding Military Missions RETAINING AND EXPANDING MILITARY MISSIONS Increasing Defense Spending and Investment Washington State’s Importance and Opportunities for the DENNYMILLER HYJEK & FIX, INC. associatesDepartment of Defense in Achieving Its Strategic Initiatives ARMY NAVY AIR FORCE NATIONAL GUARD COAST GUARD DEPT. OF ENERGY ● DEPT. OF HOMELAND SECURITY Acknowledgments..............................................v APPLIED PHYSICS LAB PNNL Executive Summary...........................................ix ARMY NAVY AIR FORCE Introduction.........................................................1 Table of NATIONAL GUARD COAST Section 1..............................................................5 Strategic Framework for the United States GUARD DEPT. OF ENERGY and Department of Defense Strategy and Guidance Documents DEPT.Contents OF HOMELAND SECURITY Section 2............................................................35 APPLIEDRetaining PHYSICS & Expanding LAB PNNL Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) ARMYMilitary NAVYMissions AIR FORC Section 3............................................................41 Military and Related Federal Assets NATIONAL GUARD COAST in Washington State GUARD DEPT. OF ENERGY Department of Defense ● Joint Base Lewis-McChord.....................43 DEPT. OF HOMELAND SECURITY Yakima Training Center Naval Base Kitsap...................................53 APPLIED PHYSICS LAB PNNL Bangor Bremerton ARMY NAVY AIR FORCE Puget Sound Naval Shipyard & NATIONAL GUARD COAST Intermediate -
What's Next with Trident in the United States?
BASIC Backgrounder What’s next with Trident in the United States? By Chris Lindborg and Christopher Carr, BASIC U.S.-U.K. collaboration over the submarines’ April 2011 ballistic missiles started with the Polaris Sales Agreement in 1963. This original agreement was Introduction followed by subsequent arrangements that ensured cooperation over the Trident I (C4) and II The United States and the United Kingdom are (D5) generations of submarine-launched ballistic both in the process of making key decisions about missiles (SLBMs).3 The British and U.S. the backbone of their nuclear deterrent: the administrations exchanged letters in 2006 to Trident submarine ballistic missile system. While extend the service life of the current Trident II (D5) the United Kingdom has delayed by a few years the missile.4 The United Kingdom and the United timetable for commencing construction to replace States have been working on a Common Missile its Vanguard fleet,1 the United States is moving Compartment (CMC) for the Vanguard and Ohio- ahead with working out plans for replacing its class replacements to make certain that the new Ohio-class submarines. submarines will be able to carry the successor to the current Trident II missile.5 U.S. Navy testimony Although the strategic nuclear submarines are a in March 2010 reaffirmed the practice, stating, major part of the United States’ nuclear forces, “The U.S. will continue to maintain its strong they comprise the sole nuclear system for the strategic relationship with the U.K. for our United Kingdom. Cooperation around the respective follow-on platforms, based upon the submarine systems is deep. -
Evaluation of Nuclear Ballistic Missile Submarine (SSBN)
SECRET SECRET SECRET (U) Results in Brief (U) Evaluation of Nuclear Ballistic Missile Submarine Sustainment June 15, 2018 (U) Background (cont’d) (U) Objective • (U) Incremental Refit. This 35-day maintenance (U) Our objective was to determine whether the Navy can period consists of scheduled repairs, maintenance, sustain the current Ohio-class Nuclear Ballistic Missile and inspections, as well as unscheduled repairs Submarines (SSBNs) until the replacement Columbia-class and minor modernization tasks such as sonar, SSBNs are fielded. torpedo fire control, and navigation systems. • (U) Extended Refit Period. This 7- to 8-month (U) Background maintenance period replaces and refurbishes the (U) The United States maintains a nuclear triad consisting major components of the hull and internal of manned bombers, land-based intercontinental ballistic systems. missiles, and ballistic missile submarines capable of • (U) Engineered Refueling Overhaul (ERO). This delivering nuclear weapons. Our review focused on Ohio- 27-month overhaul occurs around the 20-year class SSBN sustainment. point for the Ohio-class SSBN and includes (S) extensive inspections, structural repairs, and a nuclear reactor refueling to extend the submarines service life. (U) Finding (U) The Navy decided in 1998 to extend the original 30- (U) The Navy has taken action to sustain the Ohio-class year service life of the Ohio-class to 42 years. The first SSBNs at the minimum USSTRATCOM requirements until Ohio-class SSBN is scheduled to be retired in 2027; the the replacement Columbia-class SSBNs are fielded. remaining 13 are scheduled to be retired one per year (U) In order to maintain USSTRATCOM requirements, the until 2040. -
Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 – 2018 Part 2A: United States - Submarines
Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 – 2018 Part 2A: United States - Submarines Peter Lobner July 2018 1 Foreword In 2015, I compiled the first edition of this resource document to support a presentation I made in August 2015 to The Lyncean Group of San Diego (www.lynceans.org) commemorating the 60th anniversary of the world’s first “underway on nuclear power” by USS Nautilus on 17 January 1955. That presentation to the Lyncean Group, “60 years of Marine Nuclear Power: 1955 – 2015,” was my attempt to tell a complex story, starting from the early origins of the US Navy’s interest in marine nuclear propulsion in 1939, resetting the clock on 17 January 1955 with USS Nautilus’ historic first voyage, and then tracing the development and exploitation of marine nuclear power over the next 60 years in a remarkable variety of military and civilian vessels created by eight nations. In July 2018, I finished a complete update of the resource document and changed the title to, “Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 – 2018.” What you have here is Part 2A: United States - Submarines. The other parts are: Part 1: Introduction Part 2B: United States - Surface Ships Part 3A: Russia - Submarines Part 3B: Russia - Surface Ships & Non-propulsion Marine Nuclear Applications Part 4: Europe & Canada Part 5: China, India, Japan and Other Nations Part 6: Arctic Operations 2 Foreword This resource document was compiled from unclassified, open sources in the public domain. I acknowledge the great amount of work done by others who have published material in print or posted information on the internet pertaining to international marine nuclear propulsion programs, naval and civilian nuclear powered vessels, naval weapons systems, and other marine nuclear applications. -
2018 Ships and Submarines of the United States Navy
, AIRCRAFT CARRIER ENTERPRISE AIR SURVEILLANCE RADAR AMPHIBIOUS Multi-Purpose Aircraft Carrier (Nuclear-Propulsion) EXTENDING AN/SPY-6(V) Amphibious Assault Ship Gerald R. Ford Class CVN ACROSS THE FLEET America Class LHA USS Gerald R Ford CVN-78 USS America LHA-6 John F Kennedy CVN-79 Tripoli LHA-7 Enterprise CVN-80 Bougainville LHA-8 Nimitz Class CVN Wasp Class LHD USS Nimitz CVN-68 USS Abraham Lincoln CVN-72 USS Harry S Truman CVN-75 USS Wasp LHD-1 USS Bataan LHD-5 USS Dwight D Eisenhower CVN-69 USS George Washington CVN-73 USS Ronald Reagan CVN-76 USS Essex LHD-2 USS Bonhomme Richard LHD-6 USS Carl Vinson CVN-70 USS John C Stennis CVN-74 USS George HW Bush CVN-77 USS Kearsarge LHD-3 USS Iwo Jima LHD-7 USS Theodore Roosevelt CVN-71 USS Boxer LHD-4 USS Makin Island LHD-8 SUBMARINE SURFACE COMBATANT Submarine (Nuclear-Powered) Amphibious Transport Dock Guided Missile Cruiser Los Angeles Class SSN San Antonio Class LPD USS Bremerton SSN-698 USS Helena SSN-725 USS Asheville SSN-758 USS Montpelier SSN-765 USS San Antonio LPD-17 USS Anchorage LPD-23 USS Somerset LPD-25 Ticonderoga Class CG USS Jacksonville SSN-699 USS Newport News SSN-750 USS Jefferson City SSN-759 USS Charlotte SSN-766 USS New Orleans LPD-18 USS Arlington LPD-24 USS John P Murtha LPD-26 USS Bunker Hill CG-52 USS Monterey CG-61 USS Cowpens CG-63 USS Chosin CG-65 USS Olympia SSN-717 USS San Juan SSN-751 USS Annapolis SSN-760 USS Hampton SSN-767 USS Mesa Verde LPD-19 USS Portland LPD-27 USS Mobile Bay CG-53 USS Chancellorsville CG-62 USS Gettysburg CG-64 USS Hue City CG-66 -
U.S. Trident Submarine & Missile System
PLRC Pacific Life Research Center 631 Kiely Boulevard * Santa Clara, CA 95051 * Phone 408/248-1815 * Fax 408/985-9716 * E-mail [email protected] PLRC-011117D This paper is current only to 16 November 2002 U.S. TRIDENT SUBMARINE & MISSILE SYSTEM: THE ULTIMATE FIRST-STRIKE WEAPON Compiled by Bob Aldridge In 1967 the US Department of Defense engaged the Institute for Defense Analysis to study all options for modernizing the strategic triad of nuclear forces -- silo-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, bombers and bomber-launched nuclear weapons, and the submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs). In 1968 the Underwater Long-range Missile System (ULMS) emerged as the modification for the sea leg of the triad. ULMS was later called Trident. I. U.S. TRIDENT SUBMARINES. The US currently has 18 Trident submarines but four will be retired from strategic service soon. All carry Trident submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs). Trident submarines are designated by the letters SSBN, followed by the serial number -- the “SS” indicates a submarine, the “B” tells that it carries ballistic missiles, and the “N” means it is nuclear powered. Construction was started in 1976 on the USS Ohio, lead ship in the new Trident fleet. These submarines carry 24 missiles each and normally operate on a 100-day cycle -- 70 on patrol and 30 in port for resupply and refit. Blue and gold crews alternate on the patrol cycles. By mid-1997 the final total of 18 US Trident submarines became operational. Appendix-A lists the 18 US Trident submarines and Appendix-B presents the US Trident submarine specifications. -
EB News May 2011
MAY 2011 INSIDE Human Resources Director Al Ayers, left, congratulates David Morgan for winning the top New Hires • 2 $7,500 cash award in the company’s It All Counts raffle. Diversity Consultant: Education Is The Key To Success • 3 Marine News Roundup • 4 IT ALL COUNTS – PARTICIPATING Retirees• 5 Teachers Visit Electric Boat; IN WELLNESS PROGRAM PAYS OFF Receive Submarine Business Primer • 6 Keel Is Laid For Minnesota, hen David Morgan (452) got the call that he had won $7,500 in the Electric 10th Virginia-class Submarine • 7 Boat ‘It All Counts’ raffle, the senior piping design specialist thought someone Health Matters • 8/9 W was pulling his leg. Service Awards • 10 “It didn’t seem real,” Morgan said. “Of all these people they select one person for this prize? I felt very, very lucky.” He sees his doctor every six months because he worries about Ethics • 11 his blood pressure, which got him entered automatically. He was planning to take his Safety Performance • 12 continued on page 2 WELCOME TO IT ALL COUNTS continued from page 1 ELECTRIC BOAT family out to eat with some of the winnings, PLEASE HELP WELCOME THE FOLLOWING EMPLOYEES, WHO HAVE RECENTLY JOINED THE COMPANY bring some friends out for a round of golf, then put the rest towards bills. 246 Gregory Billingham 429 Marc Cressey Stephen Huse Engineering specialist Raymond Gilbert Jr. 274 Bryan Cozart Alexander Fox Benjamin Schwartz (428) reacted the same way when he learned he’d won $5,000. He was entered in the raffle after 275 Joseph Schindler Rony Kamruzzaman Timothy Tate getting an annual physical and participating in Fred Smith 431 Kevin Plourde 472 Mary Lou Sussi some House Call health screenings. -
2017 Ships and Submarines of the United States Navy
AIRCRAFT CARRIER AMPHIBIOUS Multi-Purpose Aircraft Carrier (Nuclear-Propulsion) Amphibious Assault Ship Gerald R. Ford Class CVN America Class LHA USS Gerald R Ford CVN-78 USS America LHA-6 John F Kennedy CVN-79 Tripoli LHA-7 Enterprise CVN-80 Bougainville LHA-8 Nimitz Class CVN INNOVATION Wasp Class LHD USS Nimitz CVN-68 USS Abraham Lincoln CVN-72 USS Harry S Truman CVN-75 USS Wasp LHD-1 USS Bataan LHD-5 USS Dwight D Eisenhower CVN-69 USS George Washington CVN-73 USS Ronald Reagan CVN-76 USS Essex LHD-2 USS Bonhomme Richard LHD-6 USS Carl Vinson CVN-70 USS John C Stennis CVN-74 USS George HW Bush CVN-77 ACROSS THE FLEET USS Kearsarge LHD-3 USS Iwo Jima LHD-7 USS Theodore Roosevelt CVN-71 USS Boxer LHD-4 USS Makin Island LHD-8 SUBMARINE SURFACE COMBATANT Submarine (Nuclear-Powered) Amphibious Transport Dock Guided Missile Cruiser Los Angeles Class SSN San Antonio Class LPD USS Bremerton SSN-698 USS Helena SSN-725 USS Asheville SSN-758 USS Montpelier SSN-765 USS San Antonio LPD-17 USS Anchorage LPD-23 USS John P Murtha LPD-26 Ticonderoga Class CG USS Jacksonville SSN-699 USS Newport News SSN-750 USS Jefferson City SSN-759 USS Charlotte SSN-766 USS New Orleans LPD-18 USS Arlington LPD-24 Portland LPD-27 USS Bunker Hill CG-52 USS Monterey CG-61 USS Cowpens CG-63 USS Chosin CG-65 USS Olympia SSN-717 USS San Juan SSN-751 USS Annapolis SSN-760 USS Hampton SSN-767 USS Mesa Verde LPD-19 Fort Lauderdale LPD-28 USS Mobile Bay CG-53 USS Chancellorsville CG-62 USS Gettysburg CG-64 USS Hue City CG-66 USS Providence SSN-719 USS Pasadena SSN-752 USS -
Learning from Experience: Volume II: Lessons from the U.S. Navy's Ohio, Seawolf, and Virginia Submarine Programs
CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that EDUCATION AND THE ARTS helps improve policy and decisionmaking through ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT research and analysis. HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from INFRASTRUCTURE AND www.rand.org as a public service of the RAND TRANSPORTATION Corporation. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS NATIONAL SECURITY Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Support RAND Purchase this document TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY Browse Reports & Bookstore Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND National Defense Research Institute View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. JOHN F. SCHANK • CESSE IP • FRANK W. LACROIX • ROBERT E. MURPHY MARK V. ARENA • KRISTY N. -
US Navy Program Guide 2013
U.S. NAVY PROGRAM GUIDE 2013 FOREWORD The U.S. Navy is the world’s most lethal, To implement the vision of my Sailing Directions and flexible, and capable maritime force. As the Defense Strategic Guidance, we will enhance endur- they have throughout our Nation’s history, every day our ing capabilities—such as our undersea dominance—and Sailors operate forward to provide American leaders with develop new ones to overcome threats to our freedom of timely options to deter aggression, assure allies, and re- action and to exploit adversary vulnerabilities. We will spond to crises with a minimal footprint ashore. field and integrate new unmanned air vehicles into our During 2012, the Navy remained the Nation’s front line in carrier air wings and accelerate procedures and systems conflict and in peace. The USS John C. Stennis deployed to make the electromagnetic spectrum and cyberspace twice to the Middle East in support of our troops in Af- a primary warfighting domain. We will enable sustained ghanistan, and the USS Bataan Amphibious Ready Group operations at key maritime crossroads around the world operated forward there for nearly 11 months. We honed through increased forward basing and by fielding new our coalition mine warfare skills in a 34-nation exercise in ships such as the Littoral Combat Ships, Joint High Speed the Arabian Gulf. We demonstrated our combined anti- Vessels, and Mobile Landing Platforms with rotating civil- submarine, missile defense, surface warfare, and humani- ian and military crews. We will ensure the proficiency and tarian assistance and disaster response capabilities with confidence of today’s Fleet with today’s systems and weap- 22 partner nations in the 2012 Rim of the Pacific exercise.