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Tribes and Empire on the Margins of Nineteenth-Century Iran
publications on the near east publications on the near east Poetry’s Voice, Society’s Song: Ottoman Lyric The Transformation of Islamic Art during Poetry by Walter G. Andrews the Sunni Revival by Yasser Tabbaa The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Shiraz in the Age of Hafez: The Glory of Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century a Medieval Persian City by John Limbert by Zeynep Çelik The Martyrs of Karbala: Shi‘i Symbols The Tragedy of Sohráb and Rostám from and Rituals in Modern Iran the Persian National Epic, the Shahname by Kamran Scot Aghaie of Abol-Qasem Ferdowsi, translated by Ottoman Lyric Poetry: An Anthology, Jerome W. Clinton Expanded Edition, edited and translated The Jews in Modern Egypt, 1914–1952 by Walter G. Andrews, Najaat Black, and by Gudrun Krämer Mehmet Kalpaklı Izmir and the Levantine World, 1550–1650 Party Building in the Modern Middle East: by Daniel Goffman The Origins of Competitive and Coercive Rule by Michele Penner Angrist Medieval Agriculture and Islamic Science: The Almanac of a Yemeni Sultan Everyday Life and Consumer Culture by Daniel Martin Varisco in Eighteenth-Century Damascus by James Grehan Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey, edited by Sibel Bozdog˘an and The City’s Pleasures: Istanbul in the Eigh- Res¸at Kasaba teenth Century by Shirine Hamadeh Slavery and Abolition in the Ottoman Middle Reading Orientalism: Said and the Unsaid East by Ehud R. Toledano by Daniel Martin Varisco Britons in the Ottoman Empire, 1642–1660 The Merchant Houses of Mocha: Trade by Daniel Goffman and Architecture in an Indian Ocean Port by Nancy Um Popular Preaching and Religious Authority in the Medieval Islamic Near East Tribes and Empire on the Margins of Nine- by Jonathan P. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19834-0 — a History of Modern Iran Ervand Abrahamian Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19834-0 — A History of Modern Iran Ervand Abrahamian Index More Information Index Abadan, 58, 61, 80, 112 Azalis, 209 Abadan cinema fire, 163 Azerbaijan autonomy (1945), 114–15 Abbas Mirza, 14 Abdul ‘Azim Mosque, 16, 20, 40 Babis, xx, 18, 52, 147 Ahmad Shah, xv, 54, 66, 67 Bahais, 18–20 Ahmadinejad, Mahmud, xv, 198–201 Bahar, Muhammad Taqi (Malek al-Shu’ara), Ala, Hussein, 105, 131 xvi, 113 Alam, Asadallah, xv, 133 Bakhtiyaris Alavi, Bozorg, xv, 113 in the civil war, 54, 55–56 al-e Ahmad, Jalal, xv, 114, 119, 182 and Muhammad Reza Shah elections, 109 Amin al-Dowleh, 14 Qajar state manipulation of, 32–33 Amin al-Sultan, 14 under Reza Shah, 96 Amini, Abul-Qassem, 107 tribal system complexity of, 22–24 Amini, Ali, 131 during World War I, 57–59 Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), 120–21 Baluchis, 12, 18, 22, 27, 96, 203 Anglo-Persian Agreement, xvii, 62–63, 64, 66 Bamdad, Mehdi, 114 Anglo-Russian Convention, 51 Bani-Sadr, Abdul-Hassan, xvi, 161 Arani, Taqi, xvi bast (sanctuary), 45, 92 Arayanpour, Yahyi, 114 Bayat, Morteza, 105 aristocracy bazaars, 154–56, 183–84 education of, 41 Bazargan, Mehdi, xvi, 166–68, 172 flight from the Islamic Revolution, 177–81 Behazin, 114 fraksiuns, 107–8 Behbehani, Sayyed Abdallah, xvii, 44, 48, under Muhammad Reza Shah, 103–7, 108–10 53, 59 in Qajar society, 25–26 Beheshti, Ayatollah, 182 in Qajar state, 31–34 Black Friday, 163 under Reza Shah, 95–96 Boir Ahmadis, 12, 19, 22, 33, 61, 96, 115 and socialist movement, 110–11 Boroujerdi, Ayatollah Aqa Hajj Aqa Hussein during World -
Conference on Co-Sponsored by Kennan Institute for Advanced
NUMBER 107 NATIONALISHE ET SOCIALIS:tv1E DAt"'S LE MOUVEMENT REVOLUTIONNAIRE ARMENIEN: 1887-1912 .. ANAHIDE TER MINASSIAN UNIVERSITE' DE PARIS I Conference on "NATIONALISM AND SOCIAL CHAt"'GE IN TRAt"'SCAUCASIA" Co-sponsored by Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, The Wilson Center and American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies April 24-25, 1980 1 • NATIONALISME ET SOCIALISME DANS LE MOUVEMENT REVOLUTIONNAIRE ARMENIEN (1887- 1912) Le nationalisms armenian a, au 19e siecle, une his toire pluriseculaire, si l'on admet que la conscience na tionale identifiee ~ la conscience religieuse et culturelle a survecu ~ la disparition des principautes et royaumes ar meniens (1). Nationalisms d'une minorite placee aux confins d'empires multinationaux et dispersee en colonies lointai nes, le nationalisms armenien dont les expressions ont varie selon les classes sociales (clercs, nobles, marchands, intellectuals, paysans) et selon leurs caracteristiques cul turelles (2)' a ete d'abord nostalgia des origines et lucidi te d'exister. Sous l'influence des Revolutions frangaises et europeennes, et des insurrections balkaniques, la pensee politique armenienne -celle des intellectuals formes au con tact de l'Occident- se modernise. L'idee de Nation, l'idee de Peuple, avec ses exigences centripetes, emerge lentement de l 1 idee de communaute religieuse que perpetuent, cependant jusqu'au 20e siecle, le systeme des millets dans l'Empire Ottoman et le Pologenie dans l'Empire russe (3). Trouvant son propre elan chez les Armenians de Tur quie ou de Madras (4), le nationalisms n'est pas une doc trine propre aux Armenians caucasiens. Mais ceux-ci lui conferent des traits originaux. -
The Returning Hero and the Exiled Villain: the Image of the Armenian in Ottoman Society, 1908-19161
THE RETURNING HERO AND THE EXILED VILLAIN: THE IMAGE OF THE ARMENIAN IN OTTOMAN SOCIETY, 1908-19161 David Low Abstract: This essay explores the evolution of photographic constructions of Armenian identity and the place of Armenians within Ottoman society through a comparison of im- ages made in the aftermath of the revolution of 1908 with those produced during the 1915- 16 period. In the earlier period, recurring motifs of return and reconciliation can be dis- cerned, with there being pictured a new, inclusive Ottoman society. While Armenians were depicted as a vital element within post-revolutionary society, the photographic medium simultaneously identified those that that were thought not to belong and was complicit in their social exclusion. During the Armenian Genocide, photography was employed in a similar visual strategy, with Armenians finding themselves in a changed position, being targeted by the lens and marked as lying outside of a reconceptualised Ottoman society. The manner in which the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP, also referred to as the Unionists, or the Young Turks) mounted their revolution of July 1908 is noteworthy, for it was by telegram that they warned Sultan Abdülhamid II that failure to restore the sus- pended constitution would be met with an armed response. The event presents a challenge to the conventional conceptualisation of technology as an instrument of the state by demon- strating how it could be turned against centralised authority by actors on the peripheries. Power, as Roderic H Davison observes, ‘could emanate from either end of the telegraph line’, and such a claim might equally be made with regards to the photography of the era.2 Accepting this principle of multivalence, this essay examines the contrasting sides of pho- tography and the divergent uses to which the medium was put. -
The Evolution of Tsarist Policy on the Armenian Ques- Tion in the South Caucasus (1903-1914)
ORBIT-OnlineRepository ofBirkbeckInstitutionalTheses Enabling Open Access to Birkbeck’s Research Degree output The evolution of Tsarist policy on the Armenian ques- tion in the South Caucasus (1903-1914) https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/40100/ Version: Public Version Citation: Onol, Onur (2014) The evolution of Tsarist policy on the Ar- menian question in the South Caucasus (1903-1914). [Thesis] (Unpub- lished) c 2020 The Author(s) All material available through ORBIT is protected by intellectual property law, including copy- right law. Any use made of the contents should comply with the relevant law. Deposit Guide Contact: email The Evolution of Tsarist Policy on the Armenian Question in the South Caucasus (1903-1914) Onur Onol Department of History, Classics and Archeology Birkbeck, University of London Submitted for the degree of PhD November 2014 1 The work presented in this thesis is my own. Onur Onol 2 ABSTRACT From the Tsarist confiscation of the properties of the Armenian Church in 1903 to the outbreak of the First World War, relations between Russia and its Armenian subjects gradually changed. This thesis scrutinizes how and why this gradual change took place between 1903 and 1914 by looking at the interaction between the Russian administration and the three political pillars of the Russian Armenians (the Dashnaktsutiun, the Armenian Church, and the Armenian bourgeoisie) as well as Russian foreign policy considerations. The confiscation decree of 1903 triggered an immense reaction by the Russian Armenians against the Russian government, which became part of the revolutionary unrest in the South Caucasus in 1905. The relations began to improve with the arrival of the viceroy of the Caucasus, Illarion I. -
A Historiography of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE “NO EASY THING TO UNDERSTAND”: A HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE IRANIAN CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES By ANDREW AKHLAGHI Norman, Oklahoma 2016 “NO EASY THING TO UNDERSTAND”: A HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE IRANIAN CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION A THESIS APPROVED FOR THE COLLEGE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES BY ____________________ Dr. Afshin Marashi, Chair ____________________ Dr. Joshua Landis ____________________ Dr. Emily Rook-Koepsel © Copyright by ANDREW AKHLAGHI 2016 All Rights Reserved. Table of Contents Introduction 1 Chapter One 14 Chapter Two 35 Chapter Three 61 Conclusion 85 iv Abstract The historiography of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran centers on the root causes of social change in Iran. In this way, authors must generally accomplish two things in their histories of the Constitutional Revolution. One, they must describe Iranian society during the late Qajar period in order to describe what the Revolution changed. Two, they also explain why Iranian society changed. However, these are two different projects. The former is largely a social history project, while the latter is one largely addressed by sociology (in this case, primarily historical sociology). This paper will, broadly speaking, cover three sets of approaches: Whig history, historical sociology, and social history. All three of these approaches have different attitudes towards social change. Differences amongst the authors in terms of their portrayal of Iranian society represent both historiographical shifts and changes in Iranian society. This combination of theoretical and political assumptions has affected how we have understood the beliefs and organization of Iranian society before the Constitutional Revolution and why they changed during the Revolution. -
The Development of the Modern Iranian Nation-State: from Qajar Origins to Early Pahlavi Modernization
The Development of the Modern Iranian Nation-State: From Qajar Origins to Early Pahlavi Modernization Hirbohd Hedayat Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts In Political Science Scott G. Nelson, Chair Timothy W. Luke Edward Weisband May 3rd, 2017 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: Iran, nationalism, centralization, Persian, Constitutionalism The Development of the Modern Iranian Nation-State: From Qajar Origins to Early Pahlavi Modernization Hirbohd Hedayat Abstract The establishment of the Iranian nation-state is a story of modernization in response to Imperialism. State-led reforms in the Qajar era conducted with the aim of modernizing the military created the conditions for the development of Iranian national consciousness and Iranian nationalism. Iranian nationalism continued to develop after 1815: the moment when Mirza Saleh Shirazi brought the first printing press to Iran. Iranian students educated in Europe brought Orientalist scholarship in history and philology back to Iran. European historiography connected the contemporary peoples inhabiting the Iranian plateau to Iran’s pre-Islamic past, while philology emphasized the distinction of the Persian language from Iran’s Arab and Turkic neighbors. Historiographic and philological conceptions would form the backbone of Iranian nationalism: which would itself change from a civic to an ethnic nationalism—especially acute during the reign of Reza Shah. Notions of political legitimacy changed, as monarchy became grounded in a notion of “the People” and a constitutional monarchy was established in 1906, carrying on into the rule of Reza Shah, whose reign established a modern state apparatus with a vast bureaucracy in Iran. -
War and Peace in Qajar Persia: Implications Past and Present / Edited by Roxane Farmanfarmaian
War and Peace in Qajar Persia Persia Felix could never have been a phrase coined to describe modern Iran. Her lot since the period of the Qajars has been to stand in the crossfire of great power politics. In this collection, a new debate takes place on the approach of the Qajar system (1796–1925) within the context of the wars that engulfed it and the quality of the peace that ensued. Consistent with the pattern of history, much of the material avail- able until now on the Qajar era, particularly as regards its responses to crisis, its military preparedness and the social organization of its borderlands, was written by the victors of the wars. This volume, in contrast, throws new light on the decision- making processes, the restraints on action and the political, economic and social exigencies at play through analysis that looks at the Persian question from the inside looking out. The results are often surprising, as what they reveal is a Persia more astute politically than previous analysis has allowed, strategically more adept at spurning the multiple interventions and intrigues on all sides in the heat of the Great Game, and shrewd at negotiating in the face of the severe economic pressures being brought to bear by the Great Powers. Although history reconceived does not paint a purely rosy picture of the Qajars, it does offer a reassessment based on Persia’s geopolitical position, the frequently unpalatable options it had to choose from, and the strategic need to protect its resources. Today, events in Iran and Western Asia appear to echo many of the power plays of the nineteenth-century’s Great Game. -
Ethnicity, Identity, and the Development of Nationalism in Iran
Ethnicity, Identity, and the Development of Nationalism in Iran Modern Intellectual and Political History of the Middle East Mehrzad Boroujerdi, Series Editor Other titles in Modern Intellectual and Political History of the Middle East Becoming Turkish: Nationalist Reforms and Cultural Negotiations in Early Republican Turkey, 1923–1945 Hale Yilmaz Class and Labor in Iran: Did the Revolution Matter? Farhad Nomani and Sohrab Behdad The Essentials of Ibādī Islam ˙ Valerie J. Hoff man Globalization and the Muslim World: Culture, Religion, and Modernity Birgit Schaebler and Leif Stenberg, eds. God and Juggernaut: Iran’s Intellectual Encounter with Modernity Farzin Vahdat A Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation in Iran, 1971–1979 Peyman Vahabzadeh International Politics of the Persian Gulf Mehran Kamrava, ed. Mirror for the Muslim Prince: Islam and the Theory of Statecraft Mehrzad Boroujerdi, ed. Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon Rola el-Husseini Raging against the Machine: Political Opposition under Authoritarianism in Egypt Holger Albrecht Ethnicity, Identity, and the Development of Nationalism in Iran DAVID N. YAGHOUBIAN syr acuse univer sit y press Copyright © 2014 by Syracuse University Press Syracuse, New York 13244-5290 All Rights Reserved First Edition 2014 14 15 16 17 18 19 6 5 4 3 2 1 ∞ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992. For a listing of books published and distributed by Syracuse University Press, visit www.SyracuseUniversityPress.syr.edu. ISBN: 978-0-8156-3359-4 (cloth) 978-0-8156-5272-4 (e-book) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yaghoubian, David N. -
A History of Modern Iran Ervand Abrahamian Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82139-1 - A History of Modern Iran Ervand Abrahamian Frontmatter More information A HISTORY OF MODERN IRAN In a radical reappraisal of Iran’s modern history, Ervand Abrahamian traces its traumatic journey across the twentieth century, through the discovery of oil, imperial interventions, the rule of the Pahlavis, and, in 1979, revolution and the birth of the Islamic Republic. In the inter- vening years, Iran has experienced a bitter war with Iraq, the trans- formation of society under the rule of the clergy, and, more recently, the expansion of the state and the struggle for power between the old elites, the intelligentsia, and the commercial middle class. The author, who is one of the most distinguished historians writing on Iran today, is a compassionate expositor. While he adroitly negotiates the twists and turns of the country’s regional and international politics, at the heart of his book are the people of Iran, who have endured and survived a century of war and revolution. It is to them and their resilience that this book is dedicated, as Iran emerges at the beginning of the twenty-first century as one of the most powerful states in the Middle East. ervand abrahamian is Distinguished Professor of History at Baruch College and Graduate Center, City University of New York. His previous publications include The Iranian Mojahedin (1989), Khomeinism (1993), and Tortured Confessions (1999). © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82139-1 -
The Symbolic Significance of the Yerevan Blue Mosque: an Interdisciplinary Approach to the Armenian-Iranian Relationship
The Symbolic Significance of the Yerevan Blue Mosque: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Armenian-Iranian Relationship Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Brackett, Robin Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction, presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 08/10/2021 15:35:25 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642093 THE SYMBOLIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE YEREVAN BLUE MOSQUE: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE ARMENIAN-IRANIAN RELATIONSHIP by Robin Brackett ____________________________ Copyright © Robin Brackett 2020 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF MIDDLE EASTERN AND NORTH AFRICAN STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2020 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Master’s Committee, we certify that we have read the thesis prepared by Robin Brackett, titled The Symbolic Significance of the Yerevan Blue Mosque: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Armenian-Iranian Relationship and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Master’s Degree. Jun 10, 2020 _________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Dr. Anne H. Betteridge Jun 10, 2020 _________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Dr. Julia Clancy-Smith Jun 10, 2020 _________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Dr. Kamran Talattof Final approval and acceptance of this thesis is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the thesis to the Graduate College. -
Armenian Youth Federation of America
ARMENIAN YOUTH FEDERATION OF AMERICA EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM 1947 - 48 Blue Book No. III ARMENIAN YOUTH FEDERATION OF AMERICA EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM 1947 - 48 Blue Book No. III + ARMENIAN YOUTH FEDERATION OF AMERICA CENTRAL EDUCATIONAL COUNCIL B 0 $ T 0 N 18 47 FOREWORD This is the third in the series of "Blue Books" prepared by the Armenian Youth Federation Central Educational Council for the instruction of members of that organization. A table of contents may be found at the end of this work. Armenian Youth Federation of America Central Executive. Some Manners and Customs of the Armenian People Armenian home-life in the "olden days" was naturally de- pendent to a great deal on the particular section of the coun- try; since there were no railroads or modern mass production techniques, the Armenian had to adapt himself to his environ- ment as best he could if he were to survive. 'We find no houses built of concrete or lumber. Instead, nearly all the houses were built of sun-baked mud bricks and rocks. In the country, most of these houses were one storied with the floor of the house built below the ground, with only a few projecting feet above ground. In the cities, the houses were built in almost the same manner except that two story buildings were usually the style with an occasional three story building which may have been used for industrial purposes. In both cases, these homes were flat roofed, and in the summer time, Armenian families would sleep on the roofs in collapsible wooden plat- forms called "chardacks." Beds, as we know them were never used; instead mattresses were laid on the floor, and when the family arose in the morning, the women and girls would fold them up and put them away in cupboards-thus making more room for living quarters, since one large room was all that a house consisted of in most of the country homes.