STRAVINSKY The Soldier’s Tale (Complete) Tianwa Yang, Violin Fred Child, Narrator Jared McGuire, The Soldier Jeff Biehl, The Devil Virginia Arts Festival Chamber Players JoAnn Falletta Igor Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) and Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz (1878-1947) STRAVINSKY The Soldier’s Tale (1882-1971) Igor Stravinsky was the son of a distinguished bass in The Firebird with a red flag, was soon succeeded by The Soldier’s Tale soloist at the Mariinsky Theatre in St Petersburg, creator distaste for the new regime and the decision not to return of important rôles in new operas by Tchaikovsky and to Russia. Text by Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz (1878-1947) Rimsky-Korsakov. He was born, the third of four sons, at In 1934 Stravinsky had taken out French citizenship English version by Michael Flanders and Kitty Black, revised by Pamela Berlin Oranienbaum on the Gulf of Finland in the summer of but five years later, with war imminent in Europe, he 1882. In childhood his ability in music did not seem moved to the United States, where he had already enjoyed Part I Part II exceptional, but he was able to study privately with considerable success. The death of his first wife allowed 1 Introduction: The Soldier’s March 1:52 # The Soldier’s March (reprise) – Rimsky-Korsakov, who became a particularly important him to marry a woman with whom he had enjoyed a long 2 Soldier: This isn’t a bad place to stop... 0:55 Narrator: Down a hot and dusty road... 1:42 influence after the death of Stravinsky’s strong-minded earlier association and the couple settled in Hollywood, $ Narrator: Now he comes to another land... 2:29 father in 1902. He completed a degree in law in 1905, where the climate seemed congenial. Income from his Scene 1 % Royal March 2:39 3 Airs by a Stream 2:27 ^ Narrator: They gave the word married in the following year and increasingly devoted compositions was at last safeguarded by his association 4 Devil: Give me your fiddle... 3:55 for the band to play... 4:49 himself to music. Stravinsky’s first significant success with the publishers Boosey and Hawkes in 1945, the year 5 The Soldier’s March (reprise) 1:39 & The Little Concert 2:55 came when the impresario Diaghilev, a distant relative on of his naturalisation as an American citizen. 1951 saw the 6 Narrator: Hurray, here we are!... 2:26 * Narrator: There on her bed the Princess lies... 0:18 his mother’s side of the family, commissioned from him completion and first performance of the English opera The the ballet The Firebird, first performed in Paris in 1910. Rake’s Progress, a work that marked the final height of his Scene 2 Three Dances 7 Pastorale 2:46 ( Tango 2:11 This was followed by the very Russian Petrushka in 1911 neo- classicism. The last period of his life brought a 8 Narrator: The Soldier looks up... 1:57 ) Valse 1:59 for the Diaghilev Ballets russes, with which he was now change to serialism, the technique of composition 9 Pastorale (reprise) 0:40 ¡ Ragtime 2:16 closely associated, leading, in 1913, to the notorious first developed by Arnold Schoenberg, a fellow-exile in 0 Narrator: He took the book and began to read... 2:23 performance of The Rite of Spring, first staged, like the California with whom he had never chosen to associate. In ™ Narrator: The Soldier holds the Princess close... 0:18 preceding ballets, in Paris. Although collaboration with 1962 he made a triumphant return to Russia for a series of Scene 3 £ The Devil’s Dance 1:23 ! Airs by a Stream – ¢ Narrator: The Devil’s exhausted... 0:10 Diaghilev was limited during the war, when Stravinsky concerts in celebration of his eightieth birthday. Among his Narrator: Just to stretch out on the grass... 4:06 ∞ The Little Chorale 0:38 lived principally in Switzerland, it was resumed with the final compositions are the Requiem Canticles of 1965-6, @ Airs by a Stream (reprise) 0:45 § The Devil’s Song – ballet Pulcinella in 1920, marking the composer’s which follow his Requiem Introitus for the death of the poet Devil: All right! I shall have to wait... 0:40 association with neo-classicism. The collaboration with T.S. Eliot, but prefigure his own death, which took place in ¶ Grand Chorale – Narrator: Diaghilev ended with what the latter described as a New York in April 1971. He was buried in the cemetery on You must not seek to add to what you have... 3:23 • Narrator: I have everything... 2:01 macabre present, Oedipus Rex, with a text by Cocteau, the island of San Michele in Venice, his grave near that of ª Triumphal March of the Devil 2:19 intended to mark the twentieth anniversary of Diaghilev’s Diaghilev, whose percipience had launched his career career as an impresario in 1927. sixty years before. Stravinsky has been compared to his near The war years, between 1914 and 1918, brought contemporary Picasso, the painter who provided decor for inevitable difficulties, accentuated after the revolution of Pulcinella and who, through a long career, was to show 1917 and the consequent loss of property in Russia and mastery of a number of different styles. Stravinsky’s income. The year brought sorrow at the death of his earlier music was essentially Russian in inspiration, beloved governess Bertushka (Bertha Essert), who had followed by a style of composition derived largely from the for him taken the place of a mother, and then, in August, eighteenth century, interspersed with musical excursions of his brother Guri on the Romanian front. His wife was ill, in other directions. His neo-classicism coincided with the her illness the original reason for residence in beginning of a career that was now international. The Switzerland, and there were four children to care for. It initial enthusiasm for the Russian revolution of 1917 that was in these circumstances that Stravinsky turned to the had led even Diaghilev to replace the crown and sceptre idea of composing a theatrical work on a small scale, something portable and compendious. In this he A soldier returns to his village from the war. The and finally offering him the contents of the other’s old throat. The Devil and the curtain fall, as the Soldier starts collaborated with the Swiss writer Charles-Ferdinand Soldier’s March is heard 1, as the Narrator starts the tale, knapsack, including the fiddle, which is now silent when to play his Little Concert &. Ramuz and his friend, the painter and designer René- the rhythm of the words matching the marching step of the Soldier tries to play it !. The curtain rises again to reveal the Princess lying on Victor Auberjonois, creating Histoire du soldat (The the score, telling of the journey, for a few days’ leave. The The third scene, the scene of the book, brings again a bed *. The Soldier comes in and starts to play. The Soldier’s Tale), derived from the collection of Russian curtain rises on a scene by the bank of a stream 2. Here the music by the river bank. The Devil has gone and the Princess, now cured, leaves her bed and before the stories made by Afanasyev that had already served as a the Soldier stops, sits down and searches through his Soldier throws the violin away, returning to his desk, lowered curtain dances the Tango (, Valse ) and source for the burlesque in song and dance, Renard. knapsack from which he takes a medallion, cartridges, a where he seizes the book and tears it into pieces @. Ragtime ¡. The curtain rises again on the Soldier with the There was further collaboration with Georges and Ludmila mirror, a picture of his sweetheart and a cheap fiddle. The second part starts with the Soldier’s march Princess in his arms, while the Devil, in his own person, Pitoeff, who were to dance the rôles of the Devil and the Now he tunes the fiddle, which always needs tuning, and resumed #, as he tramps on, now without his possessions, crawls in, seeking to snatch the violin ™. The Soldier Princess, and invaluable assistance from Ernest starts to play 3. The curtain is briefly lowered, to rise seeking another country. He rests in an inn $, where a plays and the Devil, bewitched, is forced to dance £, Ansermet, who conducted the first performances. The again for the appearance of the Devil, in the guise of a fellow soldier tells him of the royal proclamation offering falling exhausted. They drag him away and return, piece had its première in Lausanne, with two actors for little old man with a butterfly net, who hides and watches, the hand of the King’s daughter, his only child, to the man embracing ¢, to the sound of the Little Chorale ∞. The the dramatic rôles of the Soldier and the Devil and a before coming forward, approaching the Soldier from who can cure her. He resolves to try his luck. The Royal Devil is not defeated, and is prepared to wait for the speaker recruited from the University. The whole behind and placing his hand on his shoulder. The Devil March takes him to the palace %, where the Devil now Soldier to cross the frontier into his territory §. With the production was only made possible by the generous demands the Soldier’s fiddle, offering a magic book in appears as a virtuoso violinist. The Narrator tells of the Grand Chorale the Narrator warns of the danger of financial support of Werner Reinhart, to whom the Histoire exchange 4.