molecules Article Isolation of Bioactive Compounds from Calicotome villosa Stems Josiane Alhage 1,2 ID , Hoda Elbitar 1,*, Samir Taha 1,3, Jean-Paul Guegan 2, Zeina Dassouki 1, Thomas Vives 2 and Thierry Benvegnu 2,* ID 1 AZM Centre for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology for Biomolecules, Biotherapy and Bioprocess, Lebanese University, El Mitein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon;
[email protected] (J.A.);
[email protected] (S.T.);
[email protected] (Z.D.) 2 ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France;
[email protected] (J.-P.G.);
[email protected] (T.V.) 3 Faculty of Public Health, Rafic Hariri Campus, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beyrouth, Lebanon * Correspondence:
[email protected] (H.E.);
[email protected] (T.B.); Tel.: +961-3-522-303 (H.E.); +33-223-238-060 (T.B.) Received: 9 March 2018; Accepted: 4 April 2018; Published: 8 April 2018 Abstract: A phenylethanoid, two steroids, a flavone glucoside and a chalcone have been isolated for the first time from the stems of Calicotome villosa together with a previously isolated flavone glucoside. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses (NMR, HRMS) as basalethanoïd B (1), β-sitosterol and stigmasterol (2), chrysine-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 00 chrysine 7-((6 -O-acetyl)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (4) and calythropsin (5). The crude extracts and the isolated compounds (except 4), were evaluated for their antioxidant, antimicrobial (against two Gram-positive bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, four Gram-negative bacterial strains: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumanii, and three yeasts: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata), hemolytic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity.