KINS/HR-673
^ Vi s] ^ DB i7 Sf Design and construction of a radiation dose database for Korean population
2005. 2.
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IV Summary I. Project Title Design and construction of a radiation dose database for Korean population II. Objective and Importance of the Project Public concerns on the harmful effects and risk of ionizing radiation especially of nuclear radiation ever increase and lead to "radiophobic" status. This societal atmosphere consequently becomes a serious threat against continued uses of nuclear energy and valuable radiation in spite that the scientific and objective risk of radiation is relatively small compared to the other risks to which citizens are exposed in modern society. This situation may be attributed to many factors including socio political and psychological aspects but one of which would be misunderstanding of radiation risk itself. Although radiation risk involves scientific terms hard to understand for lay people, it is evident that we have been failed in risk communication with the public. As a basic information for risk communication, understanding of facts on our radiation environment is important. In this regard, quantitative assessments and compilation of data describing magnitudes of radiation exposure of citizens from various sources, either artificial or natural, are of prime interest and constitute the objective of this project. III. Scope and Contents This project is a part of continuing endeavor to construct a database and eventually to publish a white paper on the radiation doses to Korean people from various sources of exposure. The scope of study comprises compiling of doses from occupational exposures, medical exposures, and exposure to natural sources of ionizing radiation. The latter includes doses from terrestrial radiation, radon and thoron in air, radioactivity in foodstuffs and also includes assessment of doses to air crew and the passengers from the enhanced cosmic radiation during air travels. v Statistics of the occupational radiation exposure!ORE) in 2002 of the radiation workers in diagnostic radiology were obtained from the Korea Food and Drug Agency(KFDA) who maintains the database for individual radiation dose records. The ORE statistics for rest of the radiation workers were obtained by processing the individual annual doses provided by the Korea Radioisotope Association!KRIA) after deletion of individual informations. For estimation of medical exposure, frequencies of each categorized procedure in radiology and nuclear medicine were obtained from the Health Insurance Review Agency(HIRA). The effective doses to subjects due to a specified radiological procedure were adopted partly from the report prepared by the National Radiological Protection Board! NRPB), UK, and partly from the values assessed in the previous study of this project. For evaluation of doses due to terrestrial gamma rays and radon in air, those data obtained by colleagues in the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety(KINS) from nationwide surveys were used. External gamma dose rates at 1 m above the ground surface were measured by use of low level survey meter(SPA- 3, Eberline) at 1328 points over the country in mid-1990s. Whereas indoor gamma doses were measured in the 150 sampled dwellings by TL dosimeterstUD-814 for Environment, Panasonic) during the period from 2002 to 2004. The dosimeters were exposed by seasons for 3 months at a time. By weighting regional population, the collective effective doses were evaluated. The radon levels in indoor air were surveyed two times: the first survey were made in 2000 at around 3000 points and the second were in 2003 at 1000 points. The commercialized track etch detectors(Radtrack) were exposed for 3 months and four times of measurements were made in a year by seasons. The effective doses were calculated from the resulting radon/thoron concentrations by applying the dose conversion coefficients recommended by the ICRP. Similarly, the data on radioactivity in foodstuffs consumed by Korean population, which were obtained by the National Environmental Radiation Monitoring Network operated by KINS, were used to assess the internal doses due to ingestion of the foodstuffs. The radioactivity of 10 naturally occurring radionuclides and Cs~137 in 58 kinds of foodstuffs and drinking water were VI evaluated at the 12 Regional Environmental Radiation Monitoring Centers distributed over the country. The results of dietary surveys carried out by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2001 and 2002 were combined with the radioactivity content data alter some adjustment in grouping the foodstuffs to calculate effective doses due to ingestion. Assessment of cosmic radiation doses to air crew and passengers of international flights were also carried out. The details arc presented in a separate report of this project. IV. Result ORE distributions were obtained in terms of 28 occupational categories, annual individual dose levels, age groups and gender of 52733 radiation workers as of the year of 2002. The total collective dose was 66.4 man Sv and resulting average individual ORE was 1.26 mSv. Around 80% of the workers were exposed to minimal dose less than 1.2 mSv. However, it appeared that the recorded doses exceeded 20 mSv for some tens of worker in the field of radiology, nuclear medicine and industrial radiography. Particularly, recorded doses of 23 workers in radiology exceeded the annual dose limits of 50 mSv. which is extraordinary when the working environment is considered. It is uncertain whether those doses are real or caused by reckless placing of dosimeters in the imaging rooms while the X ray units are in operation. No one in the workforce of 16 operating nuclear power plant units was exposed over 20 mSv in 2002. Number of worker in their 30's were the largest and the mean individual dose also the highest. Female workers were around 20% of the radiation workers and their average dose was around one half of that of male workers. The estimated number of radiological examinations in a year were 61.5 millions in radiology and 0.56 millions in nuclear medicine. The resulting total collective dose in medical exposure was 27440 man Sv, comprising 22880 man Sv from radiology and 4560 man-Sv from nuclear medicine, which resulted in an annual medical exposure per caput of 0.58 mSv. The per-caput annual dose is similar to that of developed countries. The level of medical exposure relatively VII higher in comparison with the income level may be attributed to the mandatory health insurance system and the lower medicare cost in Korea. It is noted that the total collective dose of medical exposure is larger than that of ORE by approximately 400 times and even the collective dose due to the abdomen pelvis CT alone, which is 5400 man Sv, is far greater than ORE. By recalling the fact that there exist considerable deviations in the subject doses among medical institutions for a given procedure, it is evident that more effort should be paid to avoid unnecessary medical exposure. The external gamma exposure rates were in the range of 2.3—57.1 pR/h including the contribution from cosmic radiation at the sea level which is around 3.7 pR/h in Korea. The net indoor dose rates were in the range of 10 to 35.2 g R/h. After appropriate corrections to convert pR to effective dose and weighting the regional population, the resulting annual collective dose to total population, which was around 46 millions, appeared to be 46364 man Sv and the average effective dose be 1.01 mSv a year. The geometric means of the indoor radon concentrations averaged over seasons and districts varied from 31 to 63 Bq/W. The average outdoor radon concentration measured at 10 Regional Environmental Radiation Monitoring Stations was 22 Bq/nT. By weighting the district population and the time fractions spent indoor and outdoor, the collective effective dose due to indoor radon was calculated to be 58967 man Sv and hence the mean individual dose to be 1.27 mSv a year. The annual internal doses per caput due to intake of radionuclides in foodstuffs and drinking water was 0.24 mSv and the resulting collective dose was 11000 man Sv. The most dominant nuclide appeared to be 4>K followed far behind by ~’Ra. The dominant foodstuffs were soybean, Chinese cabbage, rice and milk. The number of international flight passengers in 2001 reached 11 millions. The collective dose of these passengers due to the elevated level of cosmic radiation at the flight altitude was estimated as 136 man Sv a year, which contribute 0.003 mSv to per caput annual dose. In summary, as of year of 2002, the average effective dose to Korean population was 3.6 mSv a year. Dominant contributions(83.4% ) are from the natural sources to which all the population is exposed. Almost all of the rest of the dose(16.6%) is medical exposure and the contribution of occupational exposure is no more than 0.05%. The less contribution of occupational exposure - viii - compared to foreign statistics is attributed to the higher doses from natural sources and the relatively higher medical exposure doses in Korea. Some part of the assessed doses, e.g. the collective dose to air crew, the cosmic radiation dose of the general population, the internal doses from ingestion of foodstuffs, are tentative yet due to lack of data or insufficient data. Further assessment to amend the data base should be continued. V. Application The compiled database on spectrum and magnitude of radiation exposure of Korean population covering occupational exposure, medical exposure and exposure to natural sources, when completed, will serve valuable informations on radiological health. These informations also play important role in communication of radiation risk with the public and in the end will contribute to improve public acceptance of nuclear energy and its applications. IX X OET SET...... 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M#493(*)4H UFg ^9)3. *9# **#4#* U(%3 944* *9 (491914* 4# 49433 *#44 *33 94)4 9*4 @193 7}* 4*# (as. 14)4 3#4* 9*3. 9*494. 44(42) s* ##(43) 4#, 4* ^ 7]- * 49(44), *# 44(45)33 94 49M# 4*3 ^9] #*o] 944 o}# 4*4 9 71 -5] x] *49 4 Xj-x> 4443# * 7 > 7 l-* 9* 34 4*4* *443 94. *9 4(veterinary medicine) #4* 91##4] *3* 949 44 4-91^14* 4*4 4444 *4^1- 4*3 #*44 94 #4. - 4 - a 2-1. 444 4# ## 3M] Exposure source Occupational categories Code Uranium mining 11 Uranium milling 12 Uranium enrichment and conversion 13 Nuclear fuel cycle Fuel fabrication 14 Reactor operation 15 Fuel reprocessing 16 Nuclear research 17 Diagnostic radiology 21 Dental radiology 22 Nuclear medicine(in vivo) 23 Medical uses Nuclear medicine(in vitro) 24 Radiotherapy 25 Other medical uses 26 Industrial irradiation 31 industrial radiography 32 Radioisotope production & distribution 33 Industrial uses Accelerator operation 34 Industrial research 35 Other industrial uses 36 Civilian aviation 41 Coal mining 42 Natural sources Other mineral mining 43 Oil and natural gas industries 44 Handling of minerals and ores 45 Public institute 51 Educational use 52 Miscellaneous Veterinary medicine 53 Other specified occupational groups 54 2.1.2 4 4511 4# *1^ #2 ^ ## #44 444 4#4# ## 4&# 4444 ¥##^44# #41 #4142 4#4 ¥ 7R-MM °1# 4^1444^444 2 #4 2 $14[6], 6] 44 414 ¥ s)ii 71444 4#44 44X4 4#4#4 4#4# 4444# 44# #442 4 a., %i 444 &e 44c #44^E#444 444-2 ^4. #44^4471 44 4c 4#4# x)-g.¥ 200242 4#7ia.o,]^ 4¥4#, 4^4 ^ 44 44# 44 444.S.44 ¥444424 ##44 4# 224 f#44 7H¥# 4 r)144 44# 41 #44:4. 244 4 4# 4 444# 44444^# 44 DB #4 471171- #444 ## 4#2 7H4 42# 4¥44c #42 200242 4#4 ## #711444 44## 4&4 42# ¥ 4&4C7]. - 5 - ###3^4 43# 44id4##44# 34^1 #434444, 4#44, ^ 4444, m#44, 4344, 4#44. ##44, 44443 #444 443# #2-144 444 # 4#4 44#^ #01343 ### ^r %1# 4# 4 ##44 44 %44. 4 4 444 #4.9.3 4-8-#it 3#3 4-&/14# 7|4^33#si 444 4-8-44# 444#- 44 4#44 4&444 4-444: 491 7|^o)|x{ a) 44(in vivo 4 in vitro)# 43^444- 444# 444 #4- 4444-9-3.# # 444 4## #4# 4 5144. 444 43#44 #44# 4444^#44# 44 4/1 #44 4 43444444 444## 4433 44 444(in vivo), *944(in Vitro), 43444, 44 43o)#A3 4###4. 444-4 #444 # 4# 44444444#444 #44# 4444444#4434[8] 434 4 /j-#4 444#443 4 4444 4-8- #44 44 34143 4#4 ### # 44^4. 444 4#33 44 4#4 444 ##44 ## #443 3## 4 & 433 # # 344 4434# 4 44 4433 44434. 44#44 #44# #44# 4#444444#4014 #44# 4# 44 44444#4434 434 44#4 444#443 4 4^44 4-8- #44 44 4 44-3 4444 444 34(industrial irradiation), 444 44(industripl radiography), #443 44 4 #-#( radioisotope production & distribution), 44 4#(industrial research), A 43 4]# 4 3 4. 34 44443 444 4#/] 4 (nuclear research), 44 A 44#3(industrial research), ##4#3(public institute), 3#4 4(educational use) #4 A 44 #44 444 #33 4444 4. 2.1.3 41 <>M4143 4# 4 #4 4l#4 444#3#444 4#4# 43# 444 4# ## 410M1 44 a 3# #444 444443# ##4#3, #3##3 4#4#4 44. 4^4 4 4, 4M 44 444 #3# 3#43 #4434. 4 4#44 ##4# 444 443# 7H4T# 43# ##4# #44 444 43#. 44, 34 # zt## 4 #### #44# 4433 f## 4444 4# 4444 ^4. 444 4#4 01444143 #4 44(DBMS)# 4-8-44 43 Microsoft Office# Excel# Access# 4-8-444. - 6 - 42# ##= #4 41711 2.2.1 4&# 3)# 44 ** ^ *# 43* 4*4# 43# 44 ^x]. 4*7)-7} 434*44 #4* 4444 4a- #44. 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S4 444^-^- 3444 44 444 (TENR or TMNR):& 3^4 4344 44 414 434go. 3. 44 334 43^ 344^4. a 2-2. 444-44 43 3# W Source of exposure Exposure at ground level Cosmic radiation Exposure at aircraft altitude External Outdoor terrestrial radiation Indoor Radon (222Rn), Thoron (220Rn) Inhalation radioactive exposure nuclide Indoor, outdoor Uranium series Ingestion Thorium series exposure Other nuclides (40K, 137Cs...) _ 8 - 2.3.2 ^ 4#=#7^ 44M44 4# 44 id^4^- g#4AS 44#- 4 #4# < 4^4 4 ##.491##- 4##A.Ji4 4%'44. 444 4444441 44 44 4 4444. 44 444 44 444 4# #4 #4 # 44 4 .v,#4 ;i 4#4 4.'A ## %1-yi# 4 44 f4 44444 4444444444.AJ7.44 W# 44. 4# 4 444 44 4 A# 4 44 #^14 44 4 4 4&#A^ 4#4%4. ##47)- 4^ 44 44 #444 #4 44# UNSCEAR 2000 MJi44 444 4 4# 474# 4 ##44 4## 7}# ^##4 44an# 4 ##4^. #%4. 4###9144 4## 44-4 td##44 4A# 44 44-44## 44# 44 4 4A# 4##n# #4 #4 444 %# 4# UNSCEAR. 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Pap^ icpaRR ^ poV R to k@& lk& py IbR to lb ta to lb t°x Po tv R po pa tb tb #9V£'S2 #pxpy RR»Px to iff# P$ iff pY pv Ptlinpx Rp2-§-pY -§- pi X iffk R iff Iff IT to pY to to |X #l Rpa Rfa ki$tk# #"gpx |X tb lb pi [0 u tx po R pY tb & Po tv pa to ts isrRr PffWk i&# tb# tv $ #16 '#1# ' to Pa ’R k Pi 2002 pi pff ti tbRinloR 'kPx r '# iff tff -•■ r& ii in tb lx iff R pY FyPy# to par lx iff pa To to Is Py 7 1:: PffRlo |b la to tb R o 1y # -q -fi iff l Sic "o ia & Iff pA "to to px pY -# R pS-1'2 iff pff 1$ ts R p& to R fx pv # 'P3lo&EEZ:Z9 # k^-o ^9M'92 RPMxR tbpoR PPX pa R (5-5-R- tb Rio tv iff t?iZ8£‘Z2 pxivR ioR-tnix tn Iff iff Rr tb t$ k'k To to ir PyPy-Ph ^"oRlff #p\2002 RtbRlotblalotb PA-pff tb-&t$ lo#k -&tok kR -§-lh ^ lo Itfl ta Iq Ik prllk &b ■fr&b -&SIIY 44# ####4 #44314^* 4444 2002# #31# 7j#33 ## ## 61 ### ##& ##4^#. 44 #### ## e## #44f6j 4A:4 ### #3}^ 33-24 #4. &3M id# $## ##-& 0, 1.2, 3. 5, 10, 15, 20, 50mSvl #313. 47 l#3| 1.2mSv# 4# #:#3 #44 44^ ##314 #4 4444 4-8-ai-j, 74:- #3-4## #4 ^^4 4 3-4# #31 (LLD) 7} o.l mSv 44431 4 4 4444 LLD 444 #6)-# LLD g}7l 0.1 mSv3 44#^. 3# 1444 444^44 44 44 124 44# 44 LLD44 #44 L2mSv3 /|4#4 44 #44 #4 4444. 44 3mSv# #4 44 #444 4 #4 443 44421 4M ### 44# 444 5mSv# 4 4#- 44-4 4# id## 3# 1/44 #44 4#44 4# 44 44 #331 41###. 44 lOmSv# #4 44 4# ###3# 50%3| 4### l5mSv# ###331 #4# 444 4 4 4 4^33# 44 444 #31433 #4 4#4 44 id#4#33. 4444 44 41 ##4. 44 20mSv4 ICRP 604 4# 4##3# 444 44 ###4 50mSv4- rMI 444 ICRP 60 43# 31 #4 #444 444 44# 44 4# #344. 4##3344 4# #3.^ #43.44 4##444 # 444 #4# -«t 4444 -]L#°1 1-444434, 4#44 # 0 ~ 1.2 mSv/y # 44 4##4 4 #4 4 314 0 - 1.0 mSv/y #433 ^#4 437} 7}^-4 7 ^4. 44 #4444##7 } 52,733 ## ### 314## #7 }x }#4 43# 3.431 4 34431 zz#3l# 34# 4#1# 53% 71 27 ,937#4 #3444 #4#3 43 4 21%71 11,21644 44# 4431, 18 % 71 9,22144 4# #44431, 3#3 8%71 4,3594 4 44 #0^] #7 }g}^ #33 #-#-#-3 44. #4#44 #44# 31444 ## #444# 3 # 4## #44 4#4# ^ @j#34#4# #7} 43 ####-. #3443144 ###4#4 #447 } #3444 #4443144 4 4# #4 #4x} #7} 4 44# 4##3 ##-. 4e} 44314 s#4##- ## #44 ## 4444#-. &3-2314 #4# 4#4 #44 4# 50mSv 4# ##7}#g. ###31 44 #4# 4431 2344 ##-#-3 #4 3431 444 4###4 314# # 7}## ###31 ##### 4431 4444 3##33 3#4#4 4# 4#3 71# 4 33 ###3 714. #7}^##?i##4 ## ####71 44447} ### #4 344 #4 #4##71# 4### 3443 3 ##-* 44 ###3171 #444 #34# #-## ## 444 44# #4, #3 #7}#^ ## ^4 44 "4444"# 444# 344^# ###3 #4 4#=^# 444 44 gl# 343 444# 44# #33 $14. 444 4##^1# 4i#43 45] ## 4# ##7} ## #7j-4#^ e^7j. 4333 #44#4 3^-4 4^1 5 3 *) 4 o]: 4^x]4 o|^ 9M4# JZ44tr 443 ##444 4 444. 3^3-24# 44 #444 44 44 44# #3# 3%34 &3-34 3%) 3-24 4 444 #4444 44-444 3^4. 3.43-244 3#4 44 #44 4 80%4 7}## 42.0004 437 } 944 1.2mSv 444 444 #3 $14. 4# # 4# 444# 444# #444 4# 44 #444 4#4# 444 # SI# 433 y^4 4#4 #4^1-44 ##4444 4444444 0.1 mSv# 4#4 4 33 4440.3.*) 47} 1.2mSv# 7)#44 444 44 44# # # S14. TLD # 444# #444 444# #4444 0.01 mSv ##43 #7 } 44 (#4134 4 #44# 44 $144433 44#4443 44 #4# S14. gj-A|-/4^#A^Hr(2002^. # 52.733S) 34 3-1. 445- 4### #44 # (20024 7]5). TENR4 44 4# 4 43# 44 4444 ## 12 - & 3-2. id 444 4# Exposure Occupational Annual dose range(mSv) Code source categories 0-1.2 1.2-3 3-5 5-10 10-15 15 -20 20-50 >50 Total Uranium mining 11 Uranium milling 12 Uranium enrichment and 13 Nuclear conversion fuel cycle Fuel fabrication 14 236 50 17 10 0 0 0 0 313 Reactor operation 15 8127 918 483 439 101 20 0 0 10088 Fuel reprocessing 16 Nuclear research 17 784 19 6 3 0 2 1 0 815 Subtotal 9147 987 506 452 101 22 1 0 11216 Diagnostic 21 radiology 19198* 2840" 1040 1636 357 128 124 23 25346 Dental radiology 22 Nuclear 23 150 13 2 2 0 1 0 0 168 medicinedn vitro) Medical Nuclear 24 48 62 33 45 6 1 1 0 196 uses medicinedn vivo) Radiotherapy 25 398 27 1 5 0 1 1 0 433 Other medical 26 1567 121 47 39 15 5 0 0 1794 uses Subtotal 21361 3063 1123 1727 378 136 126 23 27937 Industrial 31 127 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 129 irradiation Industrial 32 928 359 302 111 53 43 0 3979 radiography 2183 Radioisotope production & 33 54 5 11 1 1 1 0 654 Industrial 581 distribution uses Accelerator 34 operation Industrial research 35 709 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 719 Other industrial 36 3623 108 7 2 0 0 0 0 3740 uses Subtotal 7223 1102 371 315 112 54 44 0 9221 Civilian aviation 41 9817" Coal mining 42 Other mineral 43 Natural mining Oil and natural sources 44 gas industries Flandling of 45 minerals and ores Subtotal Public institute 51 679 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 688 Educational use 52 3654 16 0 1 0 0 0 0 3671 Veterinary Miscella-n 53 medicine eous Other specified 54 groups Subtotal 4333 20 5 1 0 0 0 0 4359 TOTAL 42064 5172 2005 2495 591 212 171 23 52733 *0'1.0 mSv/y . “1.0'3.0 mSv/y "This group is not included among radiation workers, so not included in TOTAL 13 - 145.39 mSv/y 20.01-50 27.14 mSv/y 15.01-20 17.06 mSv/y 2 10.01-15 111.86 mSv/y 5.01-10 6.42 mSv/y 3.01-5 3.95 mSv/y 1.21-3 1.81 mSv/y 0-1.2 0.35 mSv/y 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 Number of Population 34 3-2. 4444(mSv/v)4 4# 4 4 5 2)444 2^3-34 24 4#4#2 #44#4 44#2# 24 44# 444a. 44 44# 4 #4# #444 44 4^ 422 4442 44. 23-34]4 443# 4$ ;]]444 &K444 4)# 4^44 in vivo ^44 # 47} 44 3.51 mSv2 7}4 #3 4#23 44444 #4 2.55 mSv, 44444 44 1.48 mSv5- 444-21 44. in vivo 4 a] 44 44 4444 4 344 4 44 4##(#4 I-13D# 43-4# 4"42& 44 7(14 #44 ## 423 4444. #4 23-244 2#4 4# #44# 44 7}4 4# 4##4 4 0-1.2 mSv #4 4 4# 44434 44 #4 4 44 #4-4 #7} 4 424 44 10mSv44 4^4 2# #44 #2# 243 $1## # # $14. in vivo 44# #4-44 3 4 7% 44 44 4 #441-4 ^ §-27} 444# 4# 4444 4 #44 44 ## 44# 4 #44 45L344 4#4 4 4 4# 24 #3 44. 44444 #4 ##7}2 44 15mSv ##44 4444 #7> 1004# #3 424 #4 4 #4 #444 #7} 4 4000422 4444# 444 44 444 4 44# 4 4 444 244 424 422 4442 44. - 14 - a 3-3. # (mSv/y M 4# ## Exposure Occupational Annual dose range(mSv) Code . source categories 0-1.2 1.2-3 3-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-50 >50 Uranium mining 11 Uranium milling 12 Uranium enrichment 13 Nuclear and conversion fuel cycle Fuel fabrication 14 0.28 2.05 3.86 6.73 0.96 Reactor operation 15 0.13 1.97 3.90 6.95 11.95 16.55 0.92 Fuel reprocessing 16 Nuclear esearch 17 0.05 1.82 4.09 6.74 17.19 23.98 0.21 Diagnostic radiology 21 0.27' 1.75" 4.01 6.17 11.69 17.19 27.98 145.4 1.48 Dental radiology 22 Nuclear medicine(in 23 0.57 1.60 3.98 7.17 15.24 0.85 Medical vitro) uses Nuclear medicine(in 24 1.92 1.92 6.54 11.71 18.91 23.20 3.51 vivo) 3.98 Radiotherapy 25 0.44 1.83 4.56 7.78 17.59 23.93 0.71 other medical uses 26 0.31 1.90 3.81 6.64 12.58 16.18 0.79 Industrial irradiation 31 0.46 1.24 0.47 Industrial 32 0.74 1.85 3.85 6.90 12.26 17.00 24.92 2.55 radiography Radioisotope Industrial production & 33 0.63 1.92 3.72 6.83 10.35 17.24 28.67 0.95 uses distribution Accelerator 34 operation Industrial research 35 0.40 1.38 0.42 other industrial uses 36 0.96 1.47 3.71 5.41 0.98 Civilian aviation 41 2.62° Coal mining 42 Other mineral 43 Natural mining sources Oil and natural gas 44 industries Handling of 45 minerals and ores Public institute 51 0.70 1.34 3.87 0.73 Educational use 52 0.35 1.50 9.11 0.36 Miscella Veterinary medicine 53 neous Other specified 54 occupational groups Average 0.35 1.81 3.95 6.42 11.86 17.06 27.14 145.4 1.26 *0 ~ 1.0 mSv/y , "1.0~ 3.0 mSv/y "This group is not included among radiation workers, so not included in TOTAL # 250004^1 #4## #4# ## ^ ?hr°1] 3# 4# °1#°M -r#li 44-44. 444 W# 44 444 444 JD.44 #44 44# 4-8-4H.3. # ### #444 44# #7il 4# 4 444 44M 44#3i 44. 444 ### 44 4:4 #4 20mSv 44# 7j#4 4444# #444 M #44 444 # 15 - 4 A3# 3#3 A4#A 44. 3###34 3# 34343#4& #43444 #0). 3|a.^sj7} 4#444 # ^43 MM #3-34 44444 #4 2.62 mSv4# ## 33# 3# 4 A # 34444. A3 4###44 3# 4# 3 34 4## 44 :i#4 4% 4 # 4 #44 A3 44 4 44 334 40]?} 914. 4 4444 4444 44iA LET4 44 444 444 444 50% 3 A# 44 44 :i44 #%4 44 ^ 44 44 44 ^#44 444 7)-4 913 34 4 3 4444 #3-64 44^44 44 Ml 444444 44 444 444 344. 44 444 44 434 4 434 4###44 44 443 444 44 4 A# 4314 44 344 4 3-4 44 3434 4 3# #' #3-44 #3 544 4# MM #444 43 A#g ##4 43 A#g 3 ^33# A4A4 4# 3444 A33-431 524444. A33-43I3 A#4 304 43 #444 40% 444 2300043#&4 7}^ 4#AA 2044 4 150003, 4044 4 115003 443:4. 7204 3 AA 444 604 43 3x 44# 44343 #4 #44 5703A3. 3^344 7)3 444 34, 43#3. m# #44 44 433 3A #44# 4 A3. 4434. 44 #3 #44 A3 #44# 44A4 343444 #44# 4# 444 3434343 4 3A # 343 33# #34# #44#44. 434 43# #3-5414 4# #444 4 4 334 0.22 rnSva. 4# 4#43 443 A 44. I I Miscellaneous I 7 . /\ Industrial uses 20.01-50 BIB Medical uses ^■1 Nuclear fuel cycle 15.01-20 10.01-15 5000 10000 15000 20000 Number of population A3 3-3. 4433 33344 4# #44# - 16 - (44) #4444 4 4 #Aa. $1 444 $1## Age range 4# 44. 444. 4A444 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 0-19 >60 #444 204 4441:- 444# 4 A Ho. 4 v 4 #444 it A, A 84 :%4 a a, 4# 44#&4 444 444 mSv/y 444. 4 0 4 7/ A 3-4. 5000 4# 4 mSv/y $14 1.58 $14. 4$) 4 444# 44# :%43-5# 4# mSv, 444444# 4444# 4444 4 44 304 #3 Number 10000 4# 404 #44#AA 4444# 444 4#44 #44^1 #44# 4#4^ #444 0.99 304 17 of A - mSv/y A# 15000 population #4 #444 444^& 204 ##4Aa. ^ $14. #444. 0.99 304 4# 4 #44 mSva. 4 ^#44 #44 1.25mSv.a_ 4 20000 #44 $14## #4# #44 #4 444 44 #444 A44# 44 444 A 1.26 44 #44 44 25000 $14. 4 mSv/y #A4 A 4## 4# H#4 #44 ## 444 4 #4 44 4 4 A A 4 & 3-4. #34 4# Number of workers Exposure Occupational categories Code. Age group source 0—19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 >60 Total Uranium mining 11 Uranium milling 12 Uranium enrichment and 13 Nuclear conversion fuel cycle Fuel fabrication 14 0 12 137 148 16 0 313 Reactor operation 15 9 1496 5187 2700 651 45 10088 Fuel reprocessing 16 Nuclear research 17 0 22 193 438 154 8 815 Diagnostic radiology 21 27 7515 10595 5412 1227 570 25346 Dental radiology 22 Nuclear medicine 23 0 27 93 41 7 0 168 Medical (in vitro) uses Nuclear medicine 24 0 13 105 69 7 2 196 (in vivo) Radiotherapy 25 0 56 200 136 36 5 433 other medical uses 26 0 537 772 386 80 19 1794 Industrial irradiation 31 1 32 55 35 5 1 129 Industrial radiography 32 25 1702 1724 424 79 25 3979 Radioisotope production Industrial 33 0 129 379 107 25 14 654 & distribution uses Accelerator operation 34 Industrial research 35 0 324 327 67 1 0 719 other industrial uses 36 0 446 2068 1012 208 6 3740 Civilian aviation 41 9817 ' Coal mining 42 Other mineral mining 43 Natural Oil and natural gas sources 44 industries Handling of minerals 45 and ores Public institute 51 0 162 297 196 30 3 688 Educational use 52 9 2147 996 402 94 23 3671 Miscella Veterinary medicine 53 neous Other specified 54 occupational groups TOTAL 71 14620 23128 11573 2620 721 52733 aThis group is not included among radiation workers, so not included in TOTAL 18 - & 3-5. 4# 2M3-# Annual average individual dose(mSv) Exposure Occupational categories Code . Age group source 0-19 20-29 30-39 i 40—49 50-59 >60 Average Uranium mining 11 Uranium milling 12 Uranium enrichment and 13 Nuclear conversion fuel cycle Fuel fabrication 14 1.04 0.85 1.05 0.96 0.96 Reactor operation 15 1.39 1.07 0.97 0.87 0.50 0.22 0.92 Fuel reprocessing 16 Nuclear research 17 0.19 0.08 0.20 0.42 0.08 0.21 Diagnostic radiology 21 0.39 1.91 1.46 1.14 0.88 0.90 1.48 Dental radiology 22 Medical Nuclear medicine(in vitro) 23 0.79 1.03 0.50 0.78 0.85 uses Nuclear medicinetin vivo) 24 4.06 4.44 2.35 0.88 0.71 3.51 Radiotherapy 25 0.93 0.74 0.71 0.33 0.32 0.71 other medical uses 26 0.71 0.93 0.64 0.81 0.54 0.79 Industrial irradiation 31 0.40 0.51 0.40 0.60 0.14 0.11 0.47 Industrial radiography 32 1.00 3.11 2.36 1.43 1.42 1.28 2.55 Radioisotope production Industrial 33 0.65 0.98 1.05 1.67 0.73 0.95 & distribution uses Accelerator operation 34 Industrial research 35 0.30 0.51 0.53 0.14 0.42 Other industrial uses 36 0.78 0.99 1.03 1.04 0.72 0.98 Civilian aviation 41 2.62* Coal mining 42 Other mineral mining 43 Natural Oil and natural gas sources 44 industries Handling of minerals and 45 ores Public institute 51 0.59 0.72 0.83 0.82 0.87 0.73 Educational use 52 0.09 0.32 0.37 0.47 0.56 0.92 0.36 Miscella Veterinary medicine 53 neous Other specified 54 occupational groups Average 0.69 1.58 1.26 0.99 0.77 0.84 1.26 "This group is not included among radiation workers, so not included in TOTAL 19 - Miscellaneous Industrial uses Medical uses Nuclear fuel cycle 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 Number of population 24 3-5. 4433 4^ #44# #444 43#^ #4^} 44 44 4^# a3-64 2^3-64 234. 4 'A 4 2#4 4 *1] #444 80% 3 % vr El'3 # 444 4 4 3 •<.('■ 44 '- 20% # #434. 444 33# 444# 4#44# 44^1 #4 4347)]# 7)34 44 01 42. 44# 4444. #4 342 #444 44444 #444# 44 #4 22 #447} 4443. 44. 44 #444 4# 44 101884 # 80% 323 80864 4 4, #442. 32 24-44# &M# 44 4 #4 1603 34 # 442 44 4#4 4### 44#4. 443 43# 4# #44 4# #34 4 34 #4444 #4422 4344 4#23. #334. 233-7# 4# #444 4# 33 #44 #4 3-24 2 33-### #4 4 4# 43 #444 3^44# 44 0.72mSv24 33 #444 1.39 mSv4 4# 4 33 ##44. 3E3-6-& 23 2#7j# ^3 7)5)- 4 #4 #4# 33 #444 3## 43 #444 4#3 34# 4432 3#4 4# 4# 4 #43# 1/2 ee# 1/3 ##22 4 #3# #22 4434. #3 344 444#444# 43 #447]- 33 #444 1% 4344 33 0.01rnSv23 44 434 3# 422 4442 34. 33 3##4 3 43 4 3##4(22 35)4 ##44(52 51)# 43 #444 #7f 4442 2 ^24 34 % 3#2 43 #44 344 44 4#3 #3# 242 34. - 20 - a 3-6. ^#4 4# Exposure No. of workers Average dose Occupational categories Cudti source male female male female Uranium mining 11 Uranium milling 12 Uranium enrichment and conversion 13 Nuclear Fuel fabrication 14 313 0.96 fuel cycle Reactor operation 15 10025 66 0.93 0.00 Fuel reprocessing 16 Nuclear research 17 778 37 0.22 0.02 Subtotal 11116 103 0.88 0.01 Diagnostic radiology 21 18275 7071 1.73 0.85 Dental radiology 22 Nuclear medicineOn vitro) 23 79 89 1.07 0.66 Medical uses Nuclear medicineOn vivo) 24 190 6 3.58 1.50 Radiotherapy 25 379 54 0.68 0.93 other medical uses 26 929 866 1.11 0.44 Subtotal 19852 8086 1.70 0.81 Industrial irradiation 31 112 17 0.43 0.70 Industrial radiography 32 3955 24 2.56 1.13 Radioisotope production & 33 623 31 0.96 0.65 distribution li lUUSU idl Uses A . , ,. Accelerator operation 34 Industrial research 35 443 276 0.43 0.40 Other industrial uses 36 3692 48 0.98 0.87 Subtotal 8825 396 1.65 0.53 Civilian aviation 41 3454* 6363* 2.62* 2.62* Natural Coal mining 42 Other mineral mining 43 sources oil and natural gas industries 44 Handling of minerals and ores 45 Public institute 51 494 194 0.77 0.63 Educational use 52 2262 1409 0.38 0.33 Veterinary medicine 53 Miscellaneous other specified occupational 54 groups Subtotal 2756 1603 0.45 0.37 Tota / Average 42549 10188 1.39 0.72 "This group is not included among radiation workers, so not included in TOTAL # #44 #4 43%4 ^44# 44")] #44# ^14# 44X4 #4 #444 44 4444 444# DB4 444 44 444#4 #444 44 4 4^#44g^^44 #44# DB4 zi 41444 444 $^4. 444 4 #4 # #A}^ ^6). q)g|j 4^-^ o_^_ - 21 ] Miscellaneous 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 Number of population 3-6. 4### 4## 4# #44# &3-7# 44X4 #4 #444 44 34 4^4 44 44# #44 44 4 3* 444 4# 44# 44 ^#3-844. 4 4&# 3# 44 44444 #444 1/54 444# 44# 44 0.1 mSv 444 44# #3# 44# #3. #4. #44 #4 #3.414 44# 4## 44 444 5-6 mSv # 41# 4# #44 #4 1020# 0.3.4 499^ ojq. 223## 4# ##4 3 3. #4# 44 #444 S^#4. #4 zi#3-8#4 ##=#4 10-15 mSv #4 4 C Stii; 44444 5mSv3 4#4# 4# 433.4 4444 #4 # 444. 33-8 ## 44X4 #444 4## # #44 #4 4 4## #4 44 #444# #44. 4### #44 ## 4# #44 ###44 4444 3. 30# #444 44 ### ##334 60# #44 #Aj-47j. 2.5% 570## 4 33 4# 4334 4 #44 ##4 ##oj7|tE 44. ##, #### #4 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 Number of population 34 3-7. ### 4# #444" g 4#44 - 22 - Iy p i f e t o iff-fciffiviy-fk-ja 6 - 8 I*: workers of No. 20000 19000 2000 1000 8$ it o o CO O N 1 3 o o a b to i o o CJ O A t 1 Dose o o 05 tn o t o b o O) ■^i i o o 05 b i range(mSv) o b CD o 00 i o b o b CD t o o tn o o f o o O N) o tn / o b tn K) b ro o { o b b o to tn N> i o b tn o to to o f o o o b tn to A i o o o tn > o 4 i * o ’ o o tn A o tn t o A JO Jfil riE n i & ofri oE n!o (iE- r£ a JB. Ktf 0)O % CO X r,. lo y"* o 5E JTJ Jo s OC£ # co < 3 £ co 3 I CD • Rj < CO 1 Ky — v r H v ° ' & 3-7. (2002\!) SMJ\ 4= 1=131 MBi tH oi Si2l!o a ~r\ seat (mSv/y) S3S (%) (man-mSv) (mSv) 0.10 OI oV 6036 23.81 310 0.05 0.11 '0.20 3907 15.41 590 0.15 0.21'0.30 2670 10.53 672 0.25 0.31 ' 0.40 1905 7.52 671 0.35 0.41 ~ 0.50 1439 5.68 651 0.45 0.51'0.60 1002 3.95 554 0.55 0.61 ~ 0.70 778 3.07 508 0.65 0.71'0.80 598 2.36 450 0.75 0.81 '0.90 475 1.87 406 0.85 0.91 ~1.00 388 1.53 370 0.95 Subtotal 19198 75.73 5182 0.27 1.01'2.00 1944 7.67 2758 1.42 2.01 '3.00 896 3.54 2206 2.46 3.01'4.00 541 2.13 1876 3.47 4.01'5.00 499 1.97 2296 4.60 5.01'6.00 1020 4.02 5374 5.27 6.01 ~ 7.00 223 0.88 1437 6.44 7.01'8.00 171 0.67 1281 7.49 8.01 ~ 9.00 117 0.46 995 8.50 9.01'10.00 105 0.41 1012 9.64 10.01 '15.00 357* 1.41 4175 11.69 15.01 '20.00 128 0.51 2200 17.19 20.01 ' 25.00 58 0.23 1277 22.02 25.01 '30.00 26 0.10 710 27.30 30.01 '35.00 14 0.06 454 32.42 35.01 ~ 40.00 16 0.06 592 36.96 40.01 ' 45.00 7 0.03 294 41.94 45.01 ' 50.00 3 0.01 143 47.74 50.0023* 23 0.09 3344 145.39 fMI 25346 100 37603 1.48 * 1 mSvSVEt 5mSvS =101 i! Oil S013. ## CflOIEIte OIW. - 24 - a 3-8. 4444444 44 444#4 4M 4#^r5 2002ta ggg 2JS3 tiis(%) SStig (mSv/y) 190|5^ 27 0.11 0.39 20-29 7,515 29.65 1.91 30-39 10,595 41.80 1.46 40-49 5,412 21.35 1.14 50-59 1,227 4.84 0.88 600I4 570 2.25 0.90 S7II 25,346 100 1.48 53 94 44X4 44 #444 4 4 4544 4 72%4 44 #4443. 4 44 #4444. 444 4#6 4 5444 4 5 4-44 4444 #44 4 4 44 4 4434 4 4 4 ;ll 4 i:1 344 4& 54 #4. 5 3-9. 4444444 44 4441:4 4 4 44=4-3 (20024) SAW 4 A4tMcb'EEt odiui! 44444^-44 4&44 4^4 #44 44 4^4# 4^# 53-104 34 3-1M1 5^4. 44444 #44 4-3^4 34 444 4&444 93644 4 #444 4414 37%# 4444 44 ^34 4#33 #4^44 79684 (31%), 4444 38384(15%), 44 29454 (12%)4 ^33 4443. $14. 44 $1 Number of population 34 3-10. 4444444 44 4441-4 4# 4445. - 25 - 4 44id4 4^44 44 4 #444 W4#4 444 4&4444 44 2.6 mSvg. 4€r #44 4&444 44 444 ^44 4444. 444 44-2.a.4 4 444 4&4444 4444 #44 444 4±444 444^3. 4## # 4= 40.4 7-4I42& ^ 444 V444c 44 M44 #44. 44 44^4 # #4 zi 44# 44^- 4-9-444 4&24# 474^ 2^44 4-9.# 42-^- 4444. 4 4 44 444 4-4 444 44 44444 4 44444 444 4 444 #3. 44. 5. 3-10. 4444444 44 4^4#4-9-44 44 443-2 (20024) §AW XLO Ot:<=» J™)| 1 ±17H ttiS DaozzCL /H!d at (mQ\il\Aunov/y; 494 ti|S(%) §sgs* 7968 31.44 1.60 gs* 2945 11.62 2.58 ximg@ 164 0.65 0.70 si a 9364 36.94 1.32 xlB°|S 3838 15.14 0.70 eai 416 1.64 0.41 5IEF 651 2.57 2.99 511 25346 100 1.48 * @93 01 & °is5is2j x\mm s&&ck S9SS! 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 Number of population ZL4 3-11. 4444444 44 44444 -9-4444 4442 - 26 - 44# 41 ?! 4 Jr i f 4A) H Al 4 5# 1## ^tgo] ^g_o|j W}#-#-#- A|._G_^_O^Wi ^^4# °] 1 V- s|ii/|t'Ml #44}:- ##7}1 4 #4 o}44 #5# #}:- #4 Hi--- 41 44 44^14# ^4 4344 4 #44 45714 #444 444 44-4 4i-- 4. 4-6'- 4444 44 44-4 4##-# 454 444 4444-4 4 4 444 444 44 4914 444 4544# 4444 #x}4 44%}4 444 4544 44 444 44# 514# 2&4M4 444 457} 44. 44 4 4 4 7j^#^ 454 44 44 4144 444 4551 47} 4M1 7} 5# la #-444 444 #- 44 454 4#44 #4 44# 54-Ml 444 44. 444 NRPB W4 .^514[10144 4-6'-44 #-#447} #4}xlMI4 4 44 '4 45341 4a. 1544 444 454 4# 4437} 444 444 444 4 7}# <144 4#-#- 4444 4 4444# NRPB #-#444 44# #5 4 5 4 4# ##44# 444534. 544 NRPB W4 ### X4 4 CT# 444 444 44 44444 444 $3555 444 #4# f4414. 14455 4 44 4&4 4# #-#44# a.4 44444 #-#4 444 #-#-55 444 44. 44444# 44 Conventional radiology, Angiography, Computed tomography, Interventional radiology, Dental61 :i#44 %- 557114 45#!55 ##4 44. 4 7)ofl # 444 #-##Kunassignable) 44# #445 4,#4 4# #44 4# 44444 4441 , 44# #1# #4* 5444 44 4 4 4. 344 #4# #44 44#! 44 45 #455 ^^-4 4^1 4# 4 444 44#54 45 #4 !#4 #444 444 44445 4444 14 455 14514437}14 #7ii4g.[i3,i4l# 4455 #444 @144 45 3 4* #-#4534. 4 # 4444^ 344 4#4 4^# 4455 45 44 4 s#7} ## 454 14 44 4 444 44444 ## 1534# #455 4 # 447M 4&#i§55 #-#4^4. #4455 454 4## 3444 4# # #4# 997}45 ##414. 44X4 #4444 4#7}45 @14401145 4# 444 5447| #44 44# 44 #-##4 44# #534. ##4 444 414 5-1-15 A#1 G44 55# #-445 4 zi# 44 7H4 444 44 1415# 555 #!414. - 27 - 5. 4-1. e# Cod Code Procedure Procedure Code Procedure e A Conventional radiology B Aangiography G11 Liver Scan A01 Skull and facial bones B01 Cerebral-angiography G12 Hepatobiliary Scan A02 Head softtissue B02 Pulmonary-angiography G13 Spleen Scan A03 Necksoft-tissue B03 Abdominal-angiography G14 Gastric Emptying Study A04 Cervicalspine B04 Aortography G15 Esophageal Transit Study Gastrointestinal Bleeding AOS Thoracicspine BOS Angiocardiography G16 Scan(RBC) Gastrointestinal Bleeding A06 Lumbarspine 806 Peripheral-angiography G17 Scan(Collid) A07 Lumbo-sacral-joint C CT G18 Meckel's Diverticulum Scan AOS Wholespine/scoliosis C01 CT-head G19 Kidney Scan A09 Myelography C02 CT-neck A10 Shouldergirdle C03 CT-abdomen, Pelvis G20 Cortex Imaging A11 Upperarm C04 CT-chest G21 Bone Scan A12 Elbow COS CT-extremity G22 Bone Marrow Scan A13 Forearmwristandhand COG CT-spine G23 Testicular Scan AM Pelvis C07 CT-other G24 Lymphoscintigraphy A15 Hip D Interventional Radiology G25 Radionuclide Venography A16 Femur D01 Biliary-and-urinary-systems G26 Radionuclide Angiography A17 Leglength D02 Cardiovascular G27 Inflammation Scan Knee-lower-leg-ankle-and A18 DOS Gastrointestinal G28 Tumor Scan Gallium-67 foot A19 Arthrography D04 Other-interventional G29 Tumor Scan Thallium201 A20 Skeletalsurvey E Dental G30 Tumor Scan 1123-MIBG A21 Chest E01 Teeth intraoral G31 Tumor Scan Tc99m-MIBI A22 Mammography E02 Teeth panoramic G32 1131 Whole Body Scan A23 Abdomen-(plainfilm) F Others G33 Brain SPECT A24 Oesophagus F01 Unassignable examinations G34 Myocardial SPECT A25 Stomach-and-duodenum G Nuclear medicine G35 Abdominal SPECT A26 Small-intestine GOt Brain Scan G36 Kidney SPECT A27 Colon G02 Rl Cisternography G37 Bone SPECT Other-abdominal-investiga A28 G03 Dacryocystography G38 Lung SPECT tions A29 Biliary-system G04 Salivary Gland scan G39 PET-FOG A30 Kidneys-and-ureters G05 Thyroid Scan G40 PET-O-15 A31 IVU GOG Lung Perfusion Scan G41 Kidney Scan with Diuretics A32 Bladder-and-urethra G07 Lung ventrilation scan G42 Kidney Scan with Captopril Radionuclide Voiding A33 Gynaecology G08 Myocardial Scan G43 Cystogram T omography-other-than-of A34 G09 First-Pass Cardiac Scan G44 Unassignable examinations -feet Gated Cardiac Blood Pool A3 5 Bone-mineral-densitometry G10 Scan - 28 - 4 434840 03 03# 7}g.# 0 #0 ^7940 .^ 440 d:\UA0x}3 0 04-3007}4404 03# #4 #30 4" 004. 4 4^-ie 43# 04 34=4 ##4 4 84.17964 $904# #00 #304#, #040. tfl 41. 440004 ED14440 0 43=3 444040 ##0 4^44 304# 91 300# 44404. I'd 004 03 03# x}& ### %}3_4 040o_g. 40- 4714 'l-g-^T #444 04 4 33 M-7}##04. 44 20024 ##7] 43. 34 #7} xl&# 7)#^3 20034 10 03# A^tM4-§-^44# 4033 3 44t'l#4, 03440. 0&440. 003 #0 # 44 ##4 43.444 00 4 # 4.3 03## 4#444. 4 /]4 04?i# 1000 44 4444 4 43-494 0 43 43-4 ### 00a}ji #79433 444-9-34 EDI 3303 444 444 4 444-5-4 43# 4444 20024 44)4 43 4s# #4444. 4 44 47)44# 443444^7^0] x}4| #79%}3 ## #433 4443 0 Y:- 44-9.34 ?]- 43^4 4 44 # 43 43## #3437} 44 444 #0 41 r 433 4440.4. 444 444 4 444 44 4844 07} 04 03# j!4 24 3034 $94 4 04 03# 34 34 304. 20020 4#33 4444 04 40044 04 7} 4 602@I0 4, $940 04007} 5450 04 4#4. 40X444 4403 7) 00 400 4 402*10 033 0794 2/3# 4444 44 x44 4 1074 0 033 28%# 4404. 407}0 0#o] 04)033 ## CT# 00 1800 0 437} #004. #404-00 0# &4-241 44M 4444 ^004 4# 00 3#4 40 7}# 4-33# #4040 4# 4## 40# # 004 4#4 4. # 4040# #44 00#-0 444 4304 400 4#4 00443 ##43 4# #00 0# ## 37}# #g|] #7|)07}0 ### 34$94 04. 44 #0# 440 04 0# 44130 0# #0# 47700 033 4#4 0# 10000 0 00 07} 0## 7}#40 20020 7]#0.3 92504 44. 4 04 0 ## UNSCEAR 337#i]o9 ^44 4#4 ^#3} 4a#0 ^4-4 0 3^444 04. #, #4 40 10000 0 00 00#7}0 07} 0#7} 20020 4#33 925 0# 004 14800(19960), #04 12000(19920), 4#4 10000(19900)4 4a# 79 # 0# 04 40 4##4 00434 ## 044 198004 #04 30## I # #7}0 #0 8900# 0443 04. 44 4^.0 0# 3 0 04 7}3.o)0# 44)3 0444 04 0M # 44# 0# 033 #4. #4 #04 040 0 - 29 - a 4-2. ## (2002\d 7]#) Fraction Fraction Procedures Cases Procedures Cases (%) (%) Conventional radiology Gynaecology 17165 0.03 T omography-other-than-of- Skull and facial bones 2371160 3.81 0.00 feet Head softtissue 18502 0.03 Bone-mineral-densitometry 424379 0.68 Necksoft-tissue 127901 0.21 Subtotal 42078125 67.63 Cervicalspine 1451059 2.33 Angiography Thoracicspine 532347 0.86 Cerebral-angiography 20134 0.03 Lumbarspine 2856086 4.59 Pulmonary-angiography 11937 0.02 Lumbo-sacral-joint 705695 1.13 Abdominal-angiography 4284 0.01 Wholespine/scoliosis 58686 0.09 Aortography 1689 0.00 Myelography 19340 0.03 Angiocardiography 0.00 Shouldergirdle 1506709 2.42 Peripheral-angiography 137663 0.22 Upperarm 0.00 Subtotal 175707 0.28 Elbow 891686 1.43 CT Forearmwristandhand 3680962 5.92 CT-neck 57428 0.09 Pelvis 889244 1.43 CT-abdomen. Pelvis 539032 0.87 Hip 532164 0.86 CT-chest 266738 0.43 Femur 200803 0.32 CT-extremity 18629 0.03 Leglength 0.00 CT-spine 243879 0.39 Knee-lower-leg-ankle-and 5848087 9.40 CT-other 3952 0.01 foot Arthrography 3101 0.00 Subtotal 1129658 1.82 Skeletalsurvey 0.00 Interventional radiology Chest 15184233 24.42 Biliary-and-urinary-systems Mammography 693268 1.11 Cardiovascular Abdomen-(plainfilm) 3124384 5.02 Gastrointestinal Oesophagus 50246 0.08 Other-interventional Stomach-and-duodenum 318210 0.51 Subtotal 0 0 Small-intestine 14192 0.02 Dental Colon 247938 0.40 Teeth intraoral 16597739 26.69 Other-abdominal-investigatio 17120 0.03 Teeth panoramic 813482 1.31 ns Biliary-system 15161 0.02 Subtotal 17411221 28 Kidneys-and-ureters 248518 0.40 Others IVU 0.00 Unassignable examinations 742639 1.19 Bladder-and-urethra 29779 0.05 Subtotal 742639 1.19 Total 62181042 100 - 30 - Vi 4#7l- 4444] 4# 44# 4## #4 43^4 44#4 44 #44 A3 4-# 4a4 44|& 44 ^4# ^#4% 44# ## 4#4 4# @4& 4 71-44. 4s| 4 /|4s] 4## 44444 44 4-44 4 1% 4^4 4444 bone scan^'l myoccirdial SPECT 447} 444# 44 44. 4# #37l| #7}#ji ## PET 444 44344 44444 4444 4434 4447}4A344# 44 44# 444 r 444. :'44 20024 44 4 444 ## #4 PET 444 8 44T. 44 3# EDO# 4#4 4444 4#4n 44A4 44 7}#### 14 84 41445.a 4### 8096& 7M44 44 4 4 44# 128004 433 #7} 4 4. & 4-3. #4 44 a)4 4 #4 #3# (20024 4#) Fraction Fraction Procedures Cases Procedures Cases (%) (%) Brain Scan 49 0.01 Testicular Scan 530 0.09 Rl Cisternography 1536 0.27 Lymphoscintigraphy 2822 0.50 Dacryocystography 357 0.06 Radionuclide Venography 1008 0.18 Salivary Gland scan 2260 0.41 Radionuclide Angiography 223 0.04 Thyroid Scan 75871 13.49 Inflammation Scan 287 0.05 Lung Perfusion Scan 12009 2.14 Tumor Scan Gallium-67 924 0.16 Lung ventrilation scan 1095 0.19 Tumor Scan Thallium201 1069 0.18 Myocardial Scan 1756 0.31 Tumor Scan 1123-MIBG 267 0.05 First-Pass Cardiac Scan 649 0.12 Tumor Scan Tc99m-MIBl 1185 0.21 Gated Cardiac Blood Pool 2886 0.51 1131 Whole Body Scan 11316 2.01 Scan Liver Scan 12785 2.27 Brain SPECT 18009 3.20 Hepatobiliary Scan 10255 1.82 Myocardial SPECT 128556 22.87 Spleen Scan 542 0.10 Abdominal SPECT 484 0.09 Gastric Emptying Study 2089 0.37 Kidney SPECT 817 0.14 Esophageal Transit Study 52 0.01 Bone SPECT 2176 0.39 Gastrointestinal Bleeding 1991 0.31 Lung SPECT 125 0.02 Scan(RBC) Gastrointestinal Bleeding 32 0.01 PET-FDG 12800 2.28 Scan(Collid) Meckel's Diverticulum Scan 852 0.15 Kidney Scan with Diuretics 5697 1.01 Kidney Scan 37892 6.74 Kidney Scan with Captopril 4222 0.75 Radionuclide Voiding Cortex Imaging 0.00 275 0.05 Cystogram Bone Scan 201295 35.80 Unassignable examinations 3121 0.56 Bone Marrow Scan 64 0.01 Total 549432 100 - 31 & 4-4. 444 54 1,0005 4 44 44 tiM4 44 44 (44 44 44) Number of examinations Country Time period per 1000 person-year Average for Health care level 1 1985-90 890 Canada 1991 892 Estonia 1991 1000 Finland 1995 800 Germany 1992 1200 Japan 1996 1477 Netherland 1995 501 Norway 1993 710 Portugal 1991 850 Romania 1995 483 South Africa 1991 180 Sweden 1995 568 Taiwan 1993 521 Ukraine 1994 600 USA 1990 1000 UK 1997/8 492 Korea 2002 925 1 #7 1 if 1 CJ / 4. 2 3 COi/ f 3 * f 3 Of Country 4-1. 4^4 1,00044 54 444 44 44 til5Z. - 32 - *l|3*) 343 51 s. 3 4VI 4 al3 314*1# 444 #11 4#^4 3 #44 4#44 ## 3- ##4 #^##* 4 an /||44! 'M /Ml 3?]-343 4 #$14 3 44 4433 424 4-44 44 4 t'M13 4*144 3334 34 3410-12]# 4#4#2.# #4-54 i)!3l 344 4 *144.4. 44 444 3 44 3 r NRPB W4 2.234 4*14 14 34 *1 44 4# 4##, 444 344 344 1CRP80 2.2331 224 443 44444 4 4 444 4 4 3# 424 m2 44444. 4# #2#331 &#s]4 43 ## 4 4#31 4&n 44 MIRU 2.3# 4#44 444# 4## #44# MIRDOSE 3.1 22# o|#g|l 4x]2| 4^-335. 3####. MIRDOSE8.1 2.23- #43 3#4 443 #44 44 344 444 4 4 #34 4-f# 31 ft*14 (residence time)# 4344 44 44 #4#4 44 #2334 Si# 3#34. 4 #2 #44 4313 #4# 44# 44 ##4 4 4# 4 44 #4### 444 #44 44# M #4444. #4 64# #4 54 4*1# 44# #4 3 #4 34 # #44 4344 #23 #4 imSv 43-4 #4## 3344 2.44. 4#34 X3 ##2.2. #3 4# 3## 4# 3# 1 mSv 444 *1# lumbar spine, myelography, skeletal survey, oesophagus ## #4 34# ## 3 m mSv4 3## #44# #2.2. 444 2 #4. 43-##2.2 #4 3 3# 7.2mSv23 4# #31 444a. #4. 3*14 #3# 4#4# ^*122414# #4443 4 ## 3## #444 441 3mSv 4-344 4#Jf 432-1444 31 #43-3#(aortography)5] ### 44 22.4 rnSv4 llrnSv* 444# 422. 4444. ## 444 gl:# ##3# 44# # 431 44. 343 44# 4444. #331 #^4jt ## CT2 34322 ## 33# 444#4 432 # mSv 43# 4#44 4##4 #4 CT# IQmSv 43# 4#44. #32it434 44432 33343 342 ## 33# 4#4 432 5mSv 43# 4#4# 322 # # #4. 3N2 34# #3# #44# @1444 ### 432 434 #44 #33 22 34 3 4 mSvl- 444# 322 4442 #4. #3 Gallium-67, Thallium-201# 4#4 33 24 4 Myocardial SPECT #4# 14 #4 3 20 mSv 43# 4 #44. it tMI 2 gated cardiac blood pool scan, bone scan, testicular scan, Tc 99m tumor scan, 1 1.31 whole body scan, bone SPECT #4 3433# 5 mSv 43# 4444. - 33 - & 4-5. Wid m-Sid# Effective Effective Examination dose/exam Examination dose/exam (mSv) (mSv) Radiology Angiography Conventional radiology Cerebral-angiography 4 Skull and facial bones 0.038 Pulmonary-angiography 5.41 Head softtissue 0.031 Abdominal-angiography 22.4 Necksoft-tissue 0.005 Aortography 11.0 Cervicalspine 0.07 Angiocardiography 6.61 Thoracicspine 0.7 Peripheral-angiography 3.09 Lumbarspine 1.0 Computed tomography Lumbo-sacral-joint 0.272 CT-neck 2.50 Wholespine/scoliosis 0.101 CT-abdomen, Pelvis 10 Myelography 2.03 CT-chest 8 Shouldergirdle 0.011 CT-extremity 0.5 Upperarm 0.001 CT-spine 4.00 Elbow 0.001 CT-other 5.01 Forearmwristandhand 0.001 Interventional radiology Pelvis 0.7 Biliary-and-urinary-systems 4.90 Hip 0.363 Cardiovascular 7.42 Femur 0.003 Gastrointestinal 0.61 Leglength 0.184 Other-interventional 9.01 Knee-lower-leg-ankle-and foot 0.002 Dental Arthrography 0.171 Teeth intraoral 0.005 Skeletalsurvey 1.80 Teeth panoramic 0.01 Chest 0.02 Others Mammography 0.27 Unassignable examinations 2.10 Abdomen-(plainfilm) 0.7 Nuclear Medicine Oesophagus 1.5 Brain Scan 3.17 Stomach-and-duodenum 2.6 Rl Cisternography 0.363 Small-intestine 3.75 Dacryocystography 0.007 Colon 7.2 Salivary Gland scan 3.61 Other-abdominal-investigations 3.04 Thyroid Scan 3.61 Biliary-system 4.00 Lung Perfusion Scan 1.83 Kidneys-and-ureters 1.97 Lung ventrilation scan 0.555 IVU 2.4 Myocardial Scan 3.69 Bladder-and-urethra 1.24 First-Pass Cardiac Scan 4.53 Gynaecology 1.08 Gated Cardiac Blood Pool Scan 5.83 T omography-other-than-of-teet 0.147 Liver Scan 1.74 Bone-mineral-densitometry 0.004 Hepatobiliary Scan 0.000 DIIA) - 34 - a 4-s. M4) Effective Effective Examination dose/exam Examination dose/exam (mSv) (mSv) Spleen Scan 1.29 Tumor Scan Thallium201 24.4 Gastric Emptying Study 0.363 Tumor Scan 1123-MIBG 1.92 Esophageal Transit Study 0.136 Tumor Scan Tc99m-MIBI 6.66 Gastrointestinal Bleeding 5.83 1131 Whole Body Scan 6.77 Scan(RBC) Gastrointestinal Bleeding 3.48 Brain SPECT 8.45 Scan(Collid) Meckel's Diverticulum Scan 3.61 Myocardial SPECT 20.4 Kidney Scan 2.10 Abdominal SPECT 1.74 Cortex Imaging 1.63 Kidney SPECT 1.63 Bone Scan 5.27 Bone SPECT 5.27 Bone Marrow Scan 3.48 Lung SPECT 1.83 Testicular Scan 7.22 PET-FDG 7.03 Lymphoscintigraphy 0.696 Kidney Scan with Diuretics 2.10 Radionuclide Venography 0.814 Kidney Scan with Captopril 2.27 Radionuclide Voiding Radionuclide Angiography 2.26 0.181 Cystogram Inflammation Scan 2.58 Unassignable examinations 2.86 Tumor Scan Gallium-67 24.1 - 35 a 4-6. 34 # 1 mSv °14 44 34 Effective Effective Examination dose/exam Examination dose/exam (mSv) (mSv) Radiology Nuclear Medicine Conventioan/ raioiogy Brain Scan 3.17 Lumbarspine 1.00 Salivary Gland scan 3.61 Myelography 2.03 Thyroid Scan 3.61 Skeletalsurvey 1.80 Lung Perfusion Scan 1.83 Oesophagus 1.50 Myocardial Scan 3.69 Stomach-and-duodenum 2.60 First-Pass Cardiac Scan 4.53 Small-intestine 3.75 Gated Cardiac Blood Pool Scan 5.83 Colon 7.20 Liver Scan 1.74 Other-abdominal-investigations 3.04 Spleen Scan 1.29 Gastrointestinal Bleeding Biliary-system 4.00 5.83 Scan(RBC) Gastrointestinal Bleeding Kidneys-and-ureters 1.97 3.48 Scan(Collid) IVU 2.40 Meckel's Diverticulum Scan 3.61 Bladder-and-urethra 1.24 Kidney Scan 2.10 Gynaecology 1.08 Cortex Imaging 1.63 Angiography Bone Scan 5.27 Cerebral-angiography 4.00 Bone Marrow Scan 3.48 Pulmonary-angiography 5.41 Testicular Scan 7.22 Abdominal-angiography 22.40 Radionuclide Angiography 2.26 Aortography 11.00 Inflammation Scan 2.58 Angiocardiography 6.61 Tumor Scan Gallium-67 24.10 Peripheral-angiography 3.09 Tumor Scan Thallium201 24.40 Computed tomography Tumor Scan 1123-MIBG 1.92 CT-neck 2.50 Tumor Scan Tc99m-MIBI 6.66 CT-abdomen, Pelvis 10.00 1131 Whole Body Scan 6.77 CT-chest 8.00 Brain SPECT 8.45 CT-spine 4.00 Myocardial SPECT 20.4 CT-other 5.01 Abdominal SPECT 1.74 Interventional radiology Kidney SPECT 1.63 Biliary-and-urinary-systems 4.90 Bone SPECT 5.27 Cardiovascular 7.42 Lung SPECT 1.83 Other-interventional 9.01 PET-FDG(whole body) 7.03 Kidney Scan with Diuretics 2.10 Kidney Scan with Captopril 2.27 Unassignable examinations 2.86 - 36 - 44*'- #4# 5)ii #x}4 #### # 44 yri} 414 44 ##-# 4a^## #&## W 4a 4 4a Vl_5# 4a% ##44 #4 444 444444 44 4444 4 4445 a 4 444 4 4444 ^444 a 44# 54-74] 444^4. 4 a #4 5a 444 4 44 4 4 444 4444 44 4 4##54## 44444 22880 man Sv, 44 4 4555man-Sv5 4444 # 27435 man Sva 4444. 44 #44 44 4 4 444 444 4/Mil4 4a/]- #444 #44444 44# 5444 # 44. a# 4 #4444# 4# #4 #44 4a 44 444 4# ##5 #4 4 44# 454 4#aa 44444 44# 4# 4#a 4 444. 4a4AHi# 444a 4444# 444 4a# 44 44 27435man Sv# 413#4#i 44# #4#44#44#4 4 44444 4# 44 444# 6G.4 man Sv4 4004# 4 #4. #4 171 4" 44 4 4 4 a# 4## 0.575mSv°fl 4 444. 4 44 4a# 44# 44444 44" 44 3mSv4] 4414# 1/6 ## 444 454 4 44444 44444 4444. 44444 #44aa 14 # 44 44 444## 0.48 mSv4# 444 #444 44 44 444## 0.096 mSv4 44. #4 84# #4 74 44# # 44 444#4 50man Sv# 4# 44#4 4 444 54 444. SOman-Sv* 4#aa 4# 4# 44# 444 44 444 #4 4 454 #a#aa 44 4444 #44. 54-84 4 a#4 #44 4## 444-^ 44# ;W 44 4 4## 444 #57} 4# %# 44(4= 4 4444)7} $}#?} 4^ 4a# 44 50004 ##444 7|j# 44 4 4#4 # 4 ^44#4 # 44(4= ## ##5a4l4)5 44. 444#4 4# # 44# ##4 #4 CTa4 5390man-Sv4 4aa 454 4#aa af #4, 44# # 4. ####, #4 CT, 4### #4 #4 447} 44 2000man-Sv 444 #4 ### 54a %14. 44 454# 4444 ### 5#4# 44# CT 44 # 4#aa 44 ##### 44# 444 # ####4 94 #54 4aa %}## 4- # 44. #4 54-54 54-64 #4 ###### 4# Si# ^ #7}4 4 a. 7144 44 ##4 #47} #4## 444# #4# 4a#44 ###4# ## #4/4 ^%}4 4#4 #44 ae 4 a #x}# #0^ #44^ #4#44 #47}#4 ###zM #4 ^4 ^5## 54#5 %}4. l) UNSCEAR aa44| 44# 4144 4## 44 2.4mSvS 41444 #5# #4444 44 # 4# 4# #a;|- =|5-a4# #a 444444 44 ##a &4 45#4 *}#### 44 ## #7M4^ 4# 3mSv ^aa #7}4%# - 37 - a 4-7. ## Effective Collective dose Percent of Examination Frequency dose/exam (man-Sv) collective dose (mSv) Radiology Conventional radiology Skull and facial bones 2371160 0.038 90.1 0.39 Head softtissue 18502 0.031 0.6 0.00 Necksoft-tissue 127901 0.005 0.6 0.00 Cervicalspine 1451059 0.07 102 0.44 Thoracicspine 532347 0.7 373 1.63 Lumbarspine 2856086 1.0 2860 12.48 Lumbo-sacral-joint 705695 0.272 192 0.84 Wholespine/scoliosis 58686 0.101 5.9 0.03 Myelography 19340 2.03 39.3 0.17 Shouldergirdle 1506709 0.011 16.6 0.07 a) Upperarm 0.001 0.0 0.00 Elbow 891686 0.001 0.9 0.00 Forearmwristandhand 3680962 0.001 3.7 0.02 Pelvis 889244 0.7 623 2.72 Hip 532164 0.363 193 0.84 Femur 200803 0.003 0.6 0.00 Leglength - 0.184 0.0 0.00 Knee-lower-leg-ankle-and foot 5848087 0.002 11.7 0.05 Arthrography 3101 0.171 0.5 0.00 Skeletalsurvey - 1.80 0.0 0.00 Chest 15184233 0.02 304 1.33 Mammography 693268 0.27 187 0.82 Abdomen-(plainfilm) 3124384 0.7 2190 9.56 Oesophagus 50246 1.5 75.4 0.33 Stomach-and-duodenum 318210 2.6 827 3.62 Small-intestine 14192 3.75 53.3 0.23 Colon 247938 7.2 1790 7.80 Other-abdominal-investigations 17120 3.04 52.0 0.23 Biliary-system 15161 4.00 60.6 0.26 Kidneys-and-ureters 248518 1.97 489 2.14 IVU - 2.4 0.0 0.00 Bladder-and-urethra 29779 1.24 36.8 0.16 Gynaecology 17165 1.08 18.6 0.08 Tomography-other-than-of-teet - 0.147 0.0 0.00 Bone-mineral-densitometry 424379 0.004 1.7 0.01 Subtotal 42078129 1.07 10586 46.3 - 38 - a 4-7 . M4) Effective Collective dose Percent of Examination Frequency dose/exam (man-Sv) collective dose (mSv) Angiography Cerebral-angiography 20134 4 80.5 0.35 Pulmonary-angiography 11937 5.41 64.6 0.28 Abdominal-angiography 4284 22.4 96.0 0.42 Aortography 1689 11.0 18.5 0.08 Angiocardiography - 6.61 0.0 0.00 Peripheral-angiography 137663 3.09 426 1.86 Subtotal 175706 8.75 685 3.00 Computed tomography CT-head 643689 2.0 1287.4 5.63 CT-neck 57428 2.50 144 0.63 CT-abdomen, Pelvis 539032 10 5390 23.56 CT-chest 266738 8 2130 9.33 CT-extremity 18629 0.5 9.3 0.04 CT-spine 243879 4.00 975 4.26 CT-other 3952 5.01 19.8 0.09 Subtotal 1773347 4.57 9959 43.5 Interventional radiology Biliary-and-urinary-systems - 4.90 0.0 0.00 Cardiovascular - 7.42 0.0 0.00 Gastrointestinal - 0.61 0.0 0.00 Other-interventional - 9.01 0.0 0.00 Subtotal - 5.49 0.0 0.00 Dental Teeth intraoral 16597739 0.005 83.0 0.36 Teeth panoramic 813482 0.01 8.1 0.04 Subtotal 17411221 0.01 91.1 0.4 Others Unassignable examinations 742639 2.10 1560 6.82 Subtotal 62181042 22880 100 Nuclear Medicine Brain Scan 49 3.17 0.2 0.00 Rl Cisternography 1536 0.363 0.6 0.01 Dacryocystography 357 0.007 0.0 0.00 Salivary Gland scan 2260 3.61 8.2 0.18 Thyroid Scan 75871 3.61 274 6.01 Lung Perfusion Scan 12009 1.83 22.0 0.49 Lung ventrilation scan 1095 0.555 0.6 0.01 Myocardial Scan 1756 3.69 6.5 0.15 First-Pass Cardiac Scan 649 4.53 2.9 0.07 Gated Cardiac Blood Pool 2886 5.83 16.8 0.38 Scan Liver Scan 12785 1.74 22.2 0.50 Hepatobiliary Scan 10255 0.000 0.0 0.00 - 39 - 3. 4-7. Effective Collective dose Percent of Examination Frequency dose/exam (man-Sv) collective dose (mSv) Spleen Scan 542 1.29 0.7 0.02 Gastric Emptying Study 2089 0.363 0.8 0.02 Esophageal Transit Study 52 0.136 0.0 0.00 Gastrointestinal Bleeding 1991 5.83 11.6 0.26 Scan(RBC) Gastrointestinal Bleeding 32 3.48 0.1 0.00 Scan(Collid) Meckel's Diverticulum Scan 852 3.61 3.1 0.07 Kidney Scan 37892 2.10 79.7 1.75 Cortex Imaging - 1.63 0.0 0.00 Bone Scan 201295 5.27 1060 23.27 Bone Marrow Scan 64 3.48 0.2 0.00 Testicular Scan 530 7.22 3.8 0.09 Lymphoscintigraphy 2822 0.696 2.0 0.04 Radionuclide Venography 1008 0.814 0.8 0.02 Radionuclide Angiography 223 2.26 0.5 0.01 Inflammation Scan 287 2.58 0.7 0.02 Tumor Scan Gallium-67 924 24.1 22.2 0.50 Tumor Scan Thallium201 1069 24.4 26.1 0.58 Tumor Scan 1123-MIBG 267 1.92 0.5 0.01 Tumor Scan Tc99m-MIBI 1185 6.66 7.9 0.18 1131 Whole Body Scan 11316 6.77 76.6 1.68 Brain SPECT 18009 8.45 152 3.34 Myocardial SPECT 128556 20.4 2620 57.52 Abdominal SPECT 484 1.74 0.8 0.02 Kidney SPECT 817 1.63 1.3 0.03 Bone SPECT 2176 5.27 11.5 0.26 Lung SPECT 125 1.83 0.2 0.01 PET-FDG 12800 7.03 90.0 1.98 PET-018 0 0.0 0.00 Kidney Scan with Diuretics 5697 2.10 12.0 0.27 Kidney Scan with Captopril 4222 2.27 9.6 0.21 Radionuclide Voiding Cystogram 275 0.181 0.0 0.00 Unassignable examinations 3121 2.86 8.9 0.20 Subtotal 549432 180 4555 100 Total 62730474 27435 a) data not available. - 40 — & 4 8. 3### 50man-Sv *1I## w# 4 Effective Collective dose Examination Frequency dose/exam (man-Sv) (mSv) Radiology Conventional radiology Cervicalspine 1451059 0.07 102 Thoracicspine 532347 0.7 373 Lumbarspine 2856086 1.0 2860 Lumbo-sacral-joint 705695 0.272 192 Pelvis 889244 0.7 623 Hip 532164 0.363 193 Chest 15184233 0.02 304 Mammography 693268 0.27 187 Abdomen-(plainfilm) 3124384 0.7 2190 Oesophagus 50246 1.5 75 Stomach-and--duodenum 318210 2.6 827 Small-intestine 14192 3.75 53 Colon 247938 7.2 1790 Other-abdominal-investigations 17120 3.04 52 Biliary-system 15161 4.00 61 Kidneys-and-ureters 248518 1.97 489 Angiography Cerebral-angiography 20134 4 81 Pulmonary-angiography 11937 5.41 65 Abdominal-angiography 4284 22.4 96 Peripheral-angiography 137663 3.09 426 Computed tomography CT-neck 57428 2.50 144 CT-abdomen, Pelvis 539032 10 5390 CT-chest 266738 8 2130 CT-spine 243879 4.00 975 Dental Teeth intraoral 16597739 0.005 83 Others Unassignable examinations 742639 2.10 1560 Nuclear Medicine Thyroid Scan 75871 3.61 274 Kidney Scan 37892 2.10 80 Bone Scan 201295 5.27 1060 1131 Whole Body Scan 11316 6.77 77 Brain SPECT 18009 8.45 152 Myocardial SPECT 128556 20.4 2620 PET-FDG 12800 7.03 90 - 41 334-24# 344444 ^44# 3444 44# #34 344. * 4&4 4 #4 83.7%# 34444 #44 43334 3 #43 $14. 3444 44 ### 444 4444 44# #91 44 3 34 344. 3 34 34 ##4 4 4444 #444# CT4- 44 X4444 44 4#44 44 459b 444 34 4 4 44# 4443. 43 ?14 4##4 #44 4444 44#3sD47^ 44 5% 44# 44 4# 4## 4444. 33 4-2. 4344# 3444 #5. (4##) 43.5% 46.3% 33 4-3. 34 444 45#|4 ###4 3444 44# - 42 - E s CT Unassignable Collective dose 3 Frequency Angiography 20 40 60 80 % Contribution 2 4 4-4. 44 Mid 42 ^ 4444 44- 2^4-44 4444 42^1- 4%i4 44#4 4444 7]^# wja4 44 4. 9! \'d X44 44 42 4?!44 4444 #444 ## 4^-& MM 44 # 4 f 914. 44 X4# 424 244 44444 4442J1 4# 44 CT4 4.'64 44 44444 40% 444- 4442. 44. 244 5^- 44 X4444 44 444 44 44444 ^ J±4 3) 44. 2f#44 44444 7|-4 44 4= gmoinan-Sv 44# 4442 424 4P~ O r? 444 #4, 44 #4, 4 #4 44 4444. Conventional X-ray - 43 - 6# #24 w|aD #vl##4 CT#44 44 #4 #4 #2 ### #4 24# wlaeM 2# 3M4. 4# 4#3 #22 &2 #4423 #### o] #4# ### 44# 2# ## #423# 6000man-Sv4 ##### #44 3. $12. 4#23 ##, ##, 4#, 4# #4 #423 4442 914. CT#44 ## ##### CT#44 7i#3#4 44 4#4 2## 4# CT#44 ##4 744914 -### #4#23 #4 2# #4# 44 #444 44 4 444 10^ 42# 4 #42 91## #44 ##44. 44 4444 444 #3# 4#W I: 4 4 3 91 &H CT7} 4423 4 #4 2 $14 ##/} 4# -9-44 $14. CT examinations CT-abdomen, Pelvis CT-chest CT-head CT-spine CT-neck CT-other CT-extremity 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 Collective Dose(man-Sv) 24 4-6. CT #4 44# 4444 &4-9# #4 444 44 #44 443. $1# 44 14# 4444 0.48mSv# 444 ##[114 #2# 444. 44#444 44 44 4M#4 7}-# ## 4 44 l.9mSv4 4444 1/4 ##444 4#4 4#44 443 444-4 #4 444 $14-2 # # $14. #444 44 434 ##44 #44 4# 444-4 44#444 44 4*44 44# 14 4*44 444 44441 437)## ##7} 4 4#44. #4, 244, 441444 #4 4/Ml4 ###4# 4#4 4# 4 ## 24# 4 #44 444 44 ##* #4422 244 # 4## 44# ### 44 #4 #4 #4 # 7%4 ##4 4(CT #)# #2 4#23 44# 4# 42# #27} $14. 4# 444# ## a# #444^ 442 ## CT# #444 4#4 #4 USNRC4 # 3# #44 ##491 4# - 44 - 44 CT4 #444 4-Sr 44444 v* p 4 >’ '4 447t 444 4414 4. a 4-9 . 444 444444 44 144 4%44 _r. . , Annual per caput effective Country Time pe,,od dose (mSv) Germany 1990-2 1.9 France 1.0 Canada 0.94 Russia 0.9 Australia 0.8 Norway 1993 0.8 Poland 0.8 Bulgaria 0.75 Portugal 1991 0.71 Sweden 0.68 Romania 0.61 Motherland 0.6 USA 0.5 Ukraine 1994 0.5 Korea 2002 0.48 Finland 0.45 Spain 1990 0.4 Denmark 0.36 UK 1997/1998 0.33 Taiwan 1993 0.23 Brazil 0.09 China 1989 0.08 Malaysia 1994 0.05 ♦Based on Table 29 in Annex D, vol 1, of the UNSCEAR 2000 Reportfl ]. 3M4 ^444 44 (444 ^4444 44) 4 44444 a?]# 44 zi^4-74 zi44-84 &44^4. 4444 4471- ?l- 4 # 444 myocardial SPECT^4 4 60% # 4444 44 4 2600man-Sv4 ^43. 44. 4w^.a.c M ^=4, 444 ^=4 44 44^. 4444 Bone scan4 myocardial SPECT4 44 43E^r 4444 70%, 4444 444 4 80%3. 414 4# 444^ $14. - 45 - 23.8 % 4-7. SMS)- i 7)4^ Nuclear medicine Myocardial SPECT Bone Scan Thyroid Scan Brain SPECT Kidney Scan 1131 Whole Body Scan Tumor Scan Thallium201 Liver Scan Tumor Scan Gallium-67 Lung Perfusion Scan 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 Collective Dose(man-Sv) - 46 — A4 1(M UNSCEAR 2000 42 4^1 4414 @144 44 444 44 4 44 4 -? 4 44 44 144 44 44- #&## 4 44444 44444. 199144 4 199644 44 #4 444" 444 44 444! 44 144- 4&4#4 O.OSmSv, 4 44 44 150,000man Sv4# 4 4 4^4. 4 4444 ^ 4 82% 444 4 4444 H444 144 444 4444. 4 ^4444 #4 444444 4 44 4 4 444 44, 444 4^ 4 4 4 4144 "444 #4 444 444 #444 44. 44 4 444 4 4 44 44 144 4%44 0.096 mSv M. 44# 144 4?Ht4 ^44 7#/}# 4:44 444 44=4 4 #44. S4 UNSCEAR 2000 6LJi4<4 4^4 4444 ^421:^^ 444 44 444 4& 44 4444=4 44444# 4#4 4 44 44 2%4 6%4 4444, 444 4 r 4ii 46144 4= 1%, 4V144# 16.6%Ji 444444 #4 44# 614 4. °1 vr #4444 4# myocardial SPECT, bone scan# 4-4 44 44 4 4 4 #.&444 4 44 4 444 4#4 #4 #444. a 4-9. 444 s|44 444 44 144 #&44 ^ 4444 per caput effective collective effective Category dose (mSv) dose (man-Sv) health care level I 0.08 123000 Canada 0.16 4500 Germany 0.10 5000 UK 0.036 2000 USA 0.14 35400 health care level II 0.008 23000 Iran 0.008 450 health care level III 0.006 3500 Ghana 0.0002 3 health care level IV 0.0003 200 world average 0.03 150000 Korea 0.096 4555 *Based on Table 45, 50 in Annex D, volume 1 of UNSCEAR 2000 Report - 47 - 45# #<£### 4 Hi 444444 4 4 44 5.1.1 444 4# $141: 4# 4444ti$]4 4#^A5 ^#5]J1 $14. UNSCEAR 1993 55 4U5]4 444 $]## % #-444 # 44#444 4 @11 87"o444 4 lr 4A5 $?4 4 $1-'# UNSCEAR 2000 5.51411] 4&1# xl$l#xl44 4 4 4 44 455 44 44 2.4 mSv# 4444 455 444 44. 44444 4 44 44# 441 444444 44 444 20P64 0.48mSv/y 455 ^44 A $14. 4 44444 5.4 44 /:-44 ’-:• 4444#44 4 54 V:- #44- x- T 5 X] 44 444 4^41 44471 4 ; it4 zi#4 44 #4 4 4 4 °| 4. #A ^ 23' 40- 0 2 1=. '^U44 Th4 o-J 712 51 K# $1A4 4 #4 44 4## # 5 4444 44 4-r-4444U6,171. -4214-EM4A 44 444 #445^1 44 #5# 45-44 44 5.44 44 #55 #44A, 4444 #4# 4 44^x1 44444 44444 f444 4 5.45. <0## 4# 7l##o] $14 4]^#4# 444A?1 #4# 4-4# 4444 ##44# 444444 #4# 544A, 4444# 455 44 44# 444 -$-21444 44# ##45# 444 4444 4 44 54 ^1 4414 4 $15# 44 441 4344# 44 - 54 ### 444^ $14. 196744 4#, 44, 44, ##, 44, 4]#^] #4# #45# 44 4554 444 4444# 54-44 ### 44 ###45(44444444#4)4 107H 44(4#, 44, 44, 44, 4-#, #4, 44, 4#, 4#. 4#M 444 4 ##4###5, 44#4##45(##s, 4^5), 44 44## 4-444455 4444 $14118]. 5.1.2 44 44441 44 4444 44# 5.1.2.1 44 4444# 44 44 4444# 44444 #44#44|4# 4444# #45 ##444 4#A5 199344 - 48 - 4 1996 34 3 3S4 43- #7} 4333## #33 3 43U9-22]. #3 3 3# 245 14 3 3.3 33 33 33 # 13283 35_s 3 333324 233 3^}# 4 333 (Emergency Kit) 4 33 34#334# 4334 33334 3 3 3 3 4(##4 53: 43 3)4 3 333913. 33 343 3333#33 2"x 2"4 NaKTl) 3#3(SPA 3. EberlinelS 33 1m #443 3#37} 33# 33 24- t3N# 4334 23 3 34 #3# 34343. 33#4(Ratemeter. ESP 2)3 3#34 23# 23 7] 3 AS 3 33 3333443^4 4 #^44 a3 4 4 44 443 2 3 33 33 #333 34 #3 parameter# 333 3 43343. #333# 134AS 4334 #43 34 4 303 #33 333# 4#g}5.s 343. S3 #344 4 #334 #2, #2. #4 #4 3334# 3342, GPS(Global Position System)# 4#34 #33 34 3## 333 # 33343. #3 #2# #4 33AS 43 33# 423 3344 #4 4# s ' : ##3 4 4 #3-3 34# #33 333 344 #4# 4 34 #3# #33 43. #3 43 34444 #3 #34### 2^5-243 334#4 2.3-57.1 w R/h4 44# 334 34 12.3 uR/h 32S 3343. 4 4 #33344 3## 43 #4 4##2 3 S44 3#4 #33 #4 4334, 3-4 3#, 34, 3#4 4 4- -4 333 4 % 3# ## l-3pR/h 3^7} 5]:,- 3o_& ^-g)^ ^3. S3 433s3# 43 #4 4##24 443 4 3#4 4#4 33# #44 ##4447} 433 #333 A#4 #24# 3 3# 332. 4S4. 4 33s S44 3#4 ##44 ^# 4#34 42 32 3#44 32 ## 443. 4# 3# #4 27] ni 424 33 #2 3, 1990424 33334#43#344 343 44 44 23434 3^-4 3 443# 434AS 443# 23# 4 0.2pR/h32, 43 3# ## 3 IpR/h 4243. 334 43 3#4 43 43# 42# 33 33333 433#3 43# 333#37} 433-34 43# #, 7}#4 3# 444 #2 #W42 33 4# A44 43 3## 2333 ^44. #4 4434#4# 34 433# 343 ##34 43 333432 234 4 43. #4 4333# #334 4#4# ##3# 34 4## 334342 2 ### 3 #33 4 43# 433. 333 ##34 34 34## 424 3# 34# 244 42 242 334 342 3323 2# #4 3333. #433 23 44 342344 443# 4#4 4 3.4pR/h, 434 3# 3.7uR/h32 # #34 3432 4# 3AS 433 43. #4344 ##3 34## 19933 10 #4 #4343 334 4&6H 434 4 3.7pR/h424 3AS 343:31:21, 22]. - 49 - 44- #444# 94944#44#444 #9 4 ###-4444 944#-# o- 94 4 949# 3.7nR/h# *9 494# 44444 #44440]] 44 49#a a.#4. 44 444499 H 49444#449#44 2002444 200444 44 44 1504# 44- 444 4 44 94 944 911-4: TLD(UD 814 for Environment, Panasonic)# ° 14-49 #944 44. :i#5 34 444 4#- 94 4994# 13.7-38.9 uR/h 9# 44 4 444#-# 99 23.7wR/h& 4444. 944 9#3E 944 4444a. 4m 44 4 4 4444# 3.7uR/h# 444 444# 94444 449444 49 4 9#a. a.44. - 50 - Frequency Frequency 10 15 100 150 5 - - - - 5 5-2. 5-3. 10 Gamma Gamma 20 4M 15 Exposure 20 Exposure - 25 Number 51 Number 25 1328 150 Rate 30 30 Rate of of Fonts Measurement Fonts oR/h) Measurement (pR/h) 35 35 &Z. ^ VA pH 5 .oh, ;-o 00 JO . A A A 1 . A A 5 2 .2 2 4: w a A mini n o m N bo 4» A M' H A 04 S3 n A ^ A A P3 04 A jo on A - r|r f'ln! ojt> A A x Effective dose per unit air Iterma E/Kt (Sv/Gy) J2. o4 A A A E X 4> H S3 oii * o|n 4° JO, 4° or Q I : : N1 A A' _oV, 40 rlr oh -o * * >1, Okj ft a M' 4o > nw v E £ A -M to in X M' A i a s a A tt[oj' A ok; 0% = O l A A JN A Sf!f! jj 4> 4> o* jo |o X o X JO A A JO i [mSv] A A Jo Kk X d X fjjo ojo aJi o # F A kti N rS, A 4^ A - o£ no 4° n# o A n t m f4 R A 4> #' [R/hJ p 4] oh I 4V A s1 on rX A \ct{ 41 A 4w Oh m A CJ1 T A ro r4 A A V _o W t-u I o I °4 04 A JO 22 A A _N I 04 rs uu A A _x A A A oj 41 A Jo > A no Jr, A A JH, -T^ nr a -If A A 4° n> A nr 40 °n oh j»h X '4 A I jj >Q A >ll 3 3 rS °4 A A rn 0^1 n°i' A in O j>h, A °4 < << o r!o n> r|4 34 —r-' N Q 4° 3" —' rV. d * A A Ku N1 4° O to ul A Jr A A A N1 A o ~rU A o4 rg vrT oft, N oi 4> [ttjdl A m 4o rj|o A < JO A Ku 41 I# A A A f-> r^ jJ, n 4i 44 A A 1# r£ ojiTs A A cn .oh, A A A i * r£ % A 4> A 44 JO ojo Jo r>. A nr n> X, A* a 5-1. 4 #4444#5- 7] # oj-# ## Radionuclide Energy(keV) 40k 1460 238^ 1760 ^Th 2614 5.1.2.3 4771## ## 44# #&##4 3### ## 4## #ic4## ^14 #4#### #4 444 St^& #4444# 454 4 ^44. 4# #41 44# 444 #7 #&4#4- 4444# 74-iz. #oj.7l 444 44 #%4#4 4444# 7#4 4# #4444 4#4-4 47#4# ^4 xj-.\i(20(X)4 4e)[25]4 #4744 4777# 4#444. 44444 44 444 4# 4ii# .%444 #7)- 132X4& SM 4#4 #474# 4, 7. 7 4 4 24 - 53 - 5.1.3 93=34 34 ^ 919 % 344 99943 3-4 433 #4 4499tM4 ##99 33 39 9 43# 43 42. ^Mi9 #4 #439 #344# 394 9#4 399434 33 944 44 #939## 4 433- as-23 94 44944. 4 9# 4 43 3- 993 4&922 3544 43 #9 4# 333 9 •?' \ 444###9 39 944 9 43 9##9#44949. 333 9 # 9 4)##3 93#9 9 -Cl 3 71442c4 °1 rr -T-#14 49494. & 5-2. 443 49 M3 3433 449-49 2443#3 #43 #49 4# & 21 3LH A) cm 44 2.9 B¥S3# AJ2I2I 24X1 §2 ;mxi §¥ (nGy/h) ^ (nGy/h) SEtilS /H* 9853972 11 127.93 17 227.61 1.78 ¥ m? 2473990 7 61.94 5 137.72 2.22 ejs 2466338 14 112.66 7 208.51 1.85 1350948 6 72.35 3 155.70 2.15 CHS 1365961 7 77.92 5 166.62 2.14 it! 1012110 15 75.06 2 142.11 1.89 33 8937752 134 118.58 26 226.25 1.91 9S 1484536 214 101.68 13 155.73 1.53 ii 1462621 78 83.09 10 171.36 2.06 sa 1840410 80 82.89 10 159.91 1.93 S4 1887239 132 84.70 12 167.00 1.97 S3 1994287 143 64.85 11 148.65 2.29 34 2716218 230 58.79 10 130.29 2.22 33 2970929 122 51.27 11 132.92 2.59 HI 9 512541 125 29.44 2 92.83 3.15 S9 45985289 1328 92.64 150 182.37 1.97 - 54 - 44°il44 7/46 #44 # 92.6 nGy/h, # 4) 4 # 192.4 nGy/h# -»|4-49i4. #44 a-?- 4 ^6 -1^5 544 4 6 464 4 4(47 nGy/h), 44(34nGy./h), $16(53 nGv/h), -4$1(50 nGy/h) 6°114 5^14 4>'M1 1:1141 #44 66- 44 $1A ^1 66(93 nGy/h), #44#4(92nGy/h), f#(87nGy/h)4 #4 44 ?!-# 66 am #.#4[U. #414 ^65 zi^5-641# # -T 464 ^#(200nGy/h)4 44 fMMMH 24?4|g. ^6 a/6 #.40,4 44"(38nGy/h). #^(60 nGy/h). 116(53 nGy/h), 611(70nGy/h)4| "M 46 66 gm #^4[1]. UNSCEAR 2000 #.31 #4# 4441: 444 4 $144# 4 66 #44- #444 44 59 nGy/h, 84 nGy/h#. 44^14. 644 #44 44 ##64 466 1.97#. 4444$! 1.46.4 6# 4 7^4114. 5 6 ^65 54 Korea(pre)^ 64 6 gl:6 UNSCEAR 2000 #.31 44 #.3i# ##- #44144 4#- 44 444446. 79 nGy/h 6. 444 464 4 6 $1/466 -#-6 ^#4 444 466 #6464 6441 4646 ##44 /| 46$1 #6.,i #.$14. ------Population-weighted Average L i—i 59 nGy h | >> CD c 1 lllll t? CD -^B—^B-^B—^B-^B-^t- 0 Q 1 s _o < I # / / s s Z16 5-5. 44-# #4 64 64#46. 44 4-3.6 UNSCEAR 2000 #.Ji# 4 46. - 55 200 Population-weighted Average 84 nGy h'1 ) o c 150-- < c 1 £ 100 zi3 5-6. #7}#A] 4 #7] :#3=i 34 #3.4 UNSCEAR 2000 3333 ###4#4 3# #7]3 34^-4#### #33.3 #33 3# 4 (127.9 nGy/h), 3 7) 32(118.6 nGy/h), 33#34(112.7nGy/h), 3-#32(101.7 nGyA)3 44 444-0-4 4?#3 4(61.9nGy/h), 3##S(58.8nGy/h), 3##^(51.3nGy/h), -^#(51.2nGy/h)4 #4 4443-4 4#^7} 29.4nGyA3 7]-# 44 37}344(^35-7). #43 3-r^ #34 7]3 4-444 3###4 (227.6nGy/h), 34^(225.3nGy/h), 4#334(208.5nGy/h)3 43.^ 44 444 3i ###34 (142.1 nGy/h), 4##34(137.7nGy/h), -^-##34(136.9nGy/h), 3 ##52(132.9 nGy/h), 3#4&(130.3nGy/h)3 #4 4443.4 4#^ 92.8nGy/h& #4443. 7]-# ## St# a.44(zi35-8). 4433.^. #52## 4#, 37], ##44 44#4#4 a]# #7] &#### 4 &4 444^ 3##4^, ###34, ###34, 49-#344 #4 3 #5. 4 44# 43 4 ^-7 ]] 3-##o_3 4^7]- 7]-# ## ^:3.g. #7]-3#4. ## 3:#433 4#44o]| 3# 43L& #7]-3#4^4 zi3s-94 444#4 #34 4344 #43513. #### 4444 #44 ###4 #3- #23-7] 44 # 30.& a#4[26]. S# 3# ###&# #43.3 f^#4 4444 4#(985 56 - An pi ( t*: U- -InMiS) t« ( 3.^ \b 5-7. 14 \aLP7j) |n ( lb U~l q -Nl I I L oi I lo-ffi. iaQCtS Ri O ri ts-p . fil{n io i Absorbed dose rate in air [nGy h" 1] I oaU1 i ^ 5-9. &S.5. D-d"ii-34 -^747 744 74474 747474 4% #7##74# #44 91 ##&# ji^4. 74477 120-140nGy/h #44 /14 7#4 7#4^ 91A 4 744 ^47 220 - 240nGy/h #74 714 ^7 7#?1 7##JL 47 7 a. 4444. 21^5-104 74#4#7# 10nGy/h44& 44 74444 4 7474# #44 91777# 44^4 :i45 117 UNSCEAR 20007241114 7 44 744 444474# 4&4 77 47 9/114 #447144 #4274 7 4# #44 91777# 444 2.4744. 74444 ^07 UNSCEAR4 44 4 441 74#44 44^1 47 W24 4a?l 4# 72 4^744^^ 4447 #4-7 44. 47 44 42 917M74 724444 4444tl4#4 :'H7 4 4444 41791 427 ^44444. 7 5-3. 444474 44 74#774 #44 91777 ^#S54 01757 [nGy/h] 721 tiLH <20 444963 20-29.99 720788 292685 30-39.99 1238419 40-49.99 2668177 259790 50-59.99 4990100 152278 60-69.99 4326622 460998 70-79.99 4468136 80-89.99 3433436 1231558 90-99.99 3314170 611088 100-119.99 7306517 2111270 120-139.99 10418258 6539218 140-159.99 1995933 6034235 160-179.99 5552713 180-199.99 659770 3811678 200-219.99 4404908 220-239.99 10082105 240-259.99 2014837 260-279.99 1056865 280-299.99 326522 >300 1042541 ss 45985289 45985289 - 60 - 1.0x10 - Indoor Outdoor 8.0x10 6.0x105- 4.0x10'- 2.0x10 - i i • Absorbed Dose Rate In Air [nGy h'1] 5-10. ^^4 Indoor Outdoor 0.25 - 0.15- 0.05- 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 ABSORBED DOSE RATE IN AIR (nGy h"1) ^ 5-11. 9/M -S-^^-71-i-fi) ^1# 9]f^r2(UNSCEAR 2000) - 61 z14^-#94 4?} &5-44 3.^ 5-124] 4W%4. ^7}#& ^7]-!g ^^2] 3g.g -a-Sid^fr ^^1414 0.11 mSv/y t) lB 4] A] 0.89 mSv/yS. x]zH}T,Hi4] a]si] °-s] 7} 53 "S 1.01 mSv # 44-#-^ ^_og_ 3#7M%14-. z14 ^7], ZfZf 1.27mSv/y. 1.26mSv/y, l.lGm8 v/y& ^4] ^7}5]%JL ^ <4(0.79 mSv/y), 4 f (0.75 mSv/y), ^r<4(0.73 mSv/y), ^#-(0.65 mSv/y), ^ #-(0.64 mSv/y)4 ^^4 4]f^7 } 0.49 mSv/y & 7}# -R-& 4. tN|s| 44 44 41^4] 444144 4-& & 5-4. 44# 4444 61 2J M IH 3 Til XI4 9 4 8*93# 1£jy 93 8*93* 12)3 93 4&93 9993 (nGy/h) (mSv/y) (nGy/h) (mSv/y) (mSv/y) (manSv/y) 4# 9853972 127.93 0.16 227.61 1.12 1.27 12548.51 ¥ 94 45985289 92.64 0.11 182.37 0.89 1.01 46363.60 - 62 - zi^ Effective Dose [mSv y'1] Effective Dose [mSv y'1] 0.2 0.8 0.00 0 0.08 0.04 . 02 - - -l - - -B 5-13. i zi^ nz llllllllllM. mli~ i B 5-12. // B-B-B-B 3 / /. Bill -c // 63 // B-B- c? National I, 0.11 National o' 1.01 I £ mSv mSv II mean mean y" y" 1 1 # 1 r Effective Dose E 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.0 1.0 -L - -- Co 5-14. Ss? < “ 1 mm / mmimimn (i I JS / / / / 64 / - / / I National 0.89 CD o mSv / mean C3 / y" 1 ■5 6 lo 41 4 fV >4 ^^7). 5.2.1 7414 #314434#4-4444mNSCEAR)3l4# 4 4MI se 44# 4322 3 44342#4 44##2 #44-3# #3 #442 44J1] 244 74444 37 44 44 44x^7|- ##4 #244 44 #322 UNSCEAR31 4 # 444 4&4 4# 45244. 242 -4444 4444 #3# 3431 44 443474# 44# 44 4&4& 424431A12 444# 24 33234 44 3##33 44# #2# 24# 42 34 4 7] 4 2 4# 4444. 44 44 44444 44444444#4(KINS)4 ###3# 4 44 12?M 44#3## #-§-44 44444 #44 4 #4# #4# 44423. 4444 4 44 444 44#44 4444 44444 4444 #4# #4 #4# # 44 44 #44 443] 44 4^42 #2* 4 4 a^444# #33] 44. 44 4### 5144 4# 44424 44 #4444# 42 ###434## 44 2.3 44 44 4444##3## ## ^4 4444 2444 4# 4422 41 r o' • 4 • 44442-4 4 4 44##2 24# -r 342 44. 244422 44 4## 4 2444 #44444 3442, #444 74#4 344# 3# ## 4423 42 914 4#3] # 4-744# 4# ##23 7# 14# #3# 342 44 #4 444 474 474# #43## 34424 #4. 4244# H.SDang# #322[27], #444# Zhu# 4323 4 474 [28]3] 431 3###4 44#43@l#4] 4# 47# #3444. 242 43-4 4# K.ShiraishKNational Institute of Radiological Sciences)# #323 4 474 [29-33131 431 43-44 244# 4# 3###4 Th4- U31 4# 474 4# 44#433#4 344 4# 43-4#4 474#3447j ## 47# 4 44. S# 47314# I.M.Fisenne(EMD# #322 4: 474[34]3j 431 ##4 4# 44 44#43^1#4 443431 4# 47 ## #34^24. #7314# 43 #3 #31 2#4 44#4-3@l#4 #444##31 4-4 477j[35] #3444. #42314 # Z. Pietrzak'FlisCCentral Laboratory of Radiological Protection) # [36-38]# #323 4 47431 43| #4244 3## #4 44#4-^W4 3431 4# 47# #3444. 242 2444 3# E.E.Santos #[39]# #32 3 4 47431 431 Rio de Janeiro4 4#44 42##4 4# 44443 4# 4 3431 4# 477} #3444. - 65 - 24 444444 F.V.Clulow#[40]4, N.M.Alam #[41]4 2311 44144 M.J.Vargas #[4214 44 4#, 44 ^ 4# #444 49!44^^#^ #244 & 2:444 2242 %14. 44 444 444 44444 UNSCEAR4 &Ji4# ## 4#4#4 44444^l#4 #24 444 44 4#4444^7). 447|- 444^-^ 2JZ.42 $124 444444 44, #4, 424 44-7)- 2^i 43. 44. 5.2.2 44^4 5.2.2.1 -8-444 445- 44 4447fi.i4 &4# 444 44 #4#4 244 4444#4 441^5. -8-442, 4 44 Aj Sfl. 4#4#4 444 44. #4#4 444 44 4#4## 4-44 44 #@)#4 #-4#4 4444 4-sj- 4444 ^44- 4=4 #4## 444 442 444%!#4 #44 44 4444 24: 44 #4 2#44 4# 444 a%#4 4#4 #44422 441 444 447%tM 44^4, 47}44 ?H4 ^ #44 445 9)4 -8-444 4444 4-525 #4# 4#4 44142 444. 44^, 44 4#4#444 454 ^7}4 # 44. 24 #4#4 ^4 4-8-4 42, 444 44 444 7 ^4# 4^4 -§-44 #44^44 #444 4#25 44 #44 44W# 4# 4^# 44#442 44 4## 444#4#4 444 44 4444. 24 ICRP7244 71144 @1## 4 #4444# 25-54 44. D N— DCF ;vx C liVx U t 444, D^=4#4### [Sv y4 Z)CF^=N4#4 44 4#4447} [Sv Bq C^=#4#;4 N4#4 #2 [Bq kg4 C/, = #4#i4 [kg y '] - 66 - j£ 5-5. -#"4# 443. 4# 4##4^1"r(Ingestion dose coefficients, e(x)) [Sv Bq 4 Nuclide 1 Year SYear 1Oyear 1Syear adult Avg.* ^^Cs 1.20E-08 9.60E-09 1.00E-08 1.30E-08 1.30E-08 1.25E-08 "°K 4.20E-08 2.10E-08 1.30E-08 7.90E-09 6.20E-09 1.03E-08 ^Be 1.30E-10 7.70E-11 5.30E-11 3.50E-11 2.80E-1 1 4.08E-1 1 ^°Sr 7.30E-08 4.70E-08 6.00E-08 8.00E-08 2.80E-08 3.88E-08 ^Ra 9.60E-07 6.20E-07 8.00E-07 1.50E-06 2.80E-07 4.84E-07 ^U 1.30E-07 8.80E-08 7.40E-08 7.40E-08 4.90E-08 6.1 IE-08 235j 1.30E-07 8.50E-08 7.10E-08 7.00E-08 4.70E-08 5.89E-08 238y 1.20E-07 8.00E-08 6.80E-08 6.70E-08 4.50E-08 5.60E-08 224"h 3.70E-07 2.20E-07 1.50E-07 9.40E-08 7.20E-08 1.10E-07 230Th 4.10E-07 3.10E-07 2.40E-07 2.20E-07 2.10E-07 2.34E-07 234h 4.50E-07 3.50E-07 2.90E-0 7 2.50E-07 2.30E-07 2.60E-07 * 9M'M ?] 7d- d a % 1CRP 724 H 4 4?} 4 4444 A} 3l* 4##S. 5:7# A v. 444 4 All 4 4 37 $14. 444 444441:: 4##^444 44 4 444 5- 4444 4 T: #4 4 44444 4@44 4-p.jA 1CRP4 4 4 44 #444-$I 44| # 4314 #3. 44. 444 4 444 & 4# 445i 4?} 4#3l* $44 44 # ,431 * 8-51# 4 444 44 4 4##444-iM 44 44314 4#44 4 444 4 4 #4 44. 564 4 #4 4# 4 ##7}# ^M &5 64 444 44# 44#4#44 & 5-6. 4## 9-^ 0001 ICRP 72 This study 1 AH from 1y to 2y of age 1 All Oil AH 2 All 51XI 5 A|| more than 2y to 7y 3 All CHI AH 6 All 10AII more than 7y to 12y 7 All Oil A| 12 All 15AII more than 12y to 17y 13 All 0||A| 19 All # 0 more than 17y 20 All 01# 5.2.2.2 dhtil^Als. w-a^H^L 4^4 ##-#^^#471^444^ ^###=^4 M.3. 4* oM-jog. ^s] #44 ^g. 4### *M ^443- ####43.* 4#44 4* 4* i2?M 4#-#-4W#^M14 ^4 Aj-a^ 4#5E# ^44 - 67 - 44at) ####344# 4 4#4#344 #4 #4# 3# at 4 3@j3#& 41# 44 l#3# 4 3^4 at4 #3 4m# 43# 44#^#4#34 32 43- #4444. 3# #44434 #4#444e#93[43-46144 34-# #4 4 4 3#4 #44 43.434 4433 #4 #4 44# 44# #444343 # ##aj-#4. 444 4 #4444 1998444 2004444 74 44 4W 4 41 44444 #44 43 34 43# 3413 ^4# 43 at# 44476 ^ a 444# 44:1, 4 43# #4444 1.645o (90%# 4##9D# #4# at# 441t 444 43# 4#33 44 4#4 #4aW &##4 at# 444#4. 44 #4# 443 #4 ^4433 ### #4# #5 at# 4444 #444 4 $14 #4### #44 91# ##44. UNSCEAR44 #4# M##43#4 #A}# e#434 4&aH #### 43# a4 644 g33 ##4#4. #5-7# UNSCEAR44 4## 4##4# 4 KINS44 34# 43# 4## #4# 44# #44. 5-7. 4#$ # 4## UNSCEAR KINS Milk 3 3 axis#. 7IS3#, 3S3# Till 22 S, 1. 171# cz e Grain ~r tt S 331# si, mm, 33£i, sm s. s. s# tiH3, S. mi, §131, $#. AISXI, 31, ?s, 43# Leafy vegetable 33, 01#. 4XI SH3# 01 e?. s 316'# A131, S, S. HH, 53 Fruit / vegetable sxi $ as#SX1, #301 # # 315331. 91X1271, £1271 y # 711S 3SCH, 9 EH, 1X1, emOL 3D|, S@3. SOI, Meat 71X101. SXI, 1X1. 3SOI, S4, CHS, 3#, oi m- 3I37H, H1XI#. 8HS. XHS. Dial HI. 3, DID!#. — 68 — 5.2.2 3 vi 4 <$.# #4# 44# #4 444 1$1# #4# 44## 3A}#7l 4^ 3##4#47] ^4^ 2001 4 #4 4 4 4 #4##34-3# 44443 3444447]# 4 4# 4 444 4#44 4 44## 43 #444/1 4#4 4#4 443 9M W4# 4## 441 "H #4 494 4 4 4-4 44 44#33 ##444. 35-8# # 49-414 44## ##44 441 #44 4## 444 344. 3 5-8. 4 #434 41# ## KINS2I §§AI3 234XI¥4 2Al§g HH¥ tiH¥§xl, tiH3 ~rO @4&'x|, ¥ 34 #S S4, OH54 s 44#, 44#(a&!3), ¥¥, OH# ¥§ ¥§§x|, ¥§ 3# 523, gg 33 014 as3, 03 ±1371 ±1271, 3271814, 2¥§8 511XI371 5HXI27I, a a a SEH 4EH, SEH(aS3!) B xl axi, xias, axi 45 371 371, sag §01 ag§oi, soi gxig^ axi, am, axi 23 01 2§oi, 2§oi(asa) - 69 - # 4#44 ^@4 44- (25-8)# #44 #441 4# 4 2* #4& #4 44=^44 4^442.2 gl# ^ #4# 44^1 4 a; ^/M# 44=^12.4 4^1 44 # ^44. ^44#4#4 /d^41 44 2####1# 199841E 5.444# &4414 3: 44444J2. 4 4 444 44 2004 3:^41^ 4,000/1-4# 4# 2#25 442 4, 4 4412. 604 ^444# 4444 3:444 4 15444 # 000444 441 3:A}* 4 4^31. 4. 4#, 4# 41 444 44 # 1804 3:444, 270044# 4 5.2.3 *%7\ 44 ^ 414 5.2.3.1 44 144 #44 444 5.4#4#4 ^sl 414 444# #4# 44# 44 25 44# #^^4 44 ^# 4#4#4 #4141144#144 444 587H 4#4 44 144 #4# 444# 4#, 444, 1^12 25-94 2 5-10 °i] 44 44.5.14, J/.45 15441 zi^5-17444l# #4 444 #12. 444# # 4#4 #4# 444 ^-144. # 4444# KINS441 444 4&# 4425 #4444 114 #4# 4 4## ##444 4#4 &4#4#44 ^4# 441 #444 4# 44# 54 2 14. 4# #444 4#4 4# #4##s #4-71- 444# 45 #4 12.4 m- 9# #44. #1 1 441 444 200144 20024 51#4#44 1^1 4444=3:^1.4. 7ji#i# #444=^4- 52^1# 54)5 44 44 ^ 444 44 #4 444 #44# #4#4 4# 3=4-4-#4. 4-## 4144 #4# #4 #4# 51 #4 444 #44 #4 4 44# 4## 444# 4=4 4-4# 124 414 4414 4444 4424 44 ## 4-5-5- 44424, ri 44 4414# 4#, ##, 4424, # #4# 44#4. 44^=4 #4# #4# # 14#4l 4# 4^=14 4 #2# 244 44. - 70 - 7|E|- 130 (20.5%) y^2| [kg y"1] # 50 (10%) MW4 27 (5.47 26 (5.25%) ¥ 10 (2.1%)’ 7|Eh 115 (23.2%) 01^21 S^ie-g^S [kg y~'] 5-15. ^^4) 4# ## - 71 7|E|-137 (23.4%) m£A|2| yy. [kg yH] 5-16. 4# ^-4# - 72 - a 5-9 . ^ 4-S- wf] # [g d :] [g cT'] XI<38 [g d"'] ±JS5 Al—1 Sa tHs 99 9X1 01X1 CHEAI SEEAI # 214.83 231.76 140.96 200.28 214.78 gj 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.10 SXI¥ 4.58 4.19 4.65 4.80 4.43 m 30.58 35.28 26.70 31.81 28.98 sm 0.35 0.37 0.36 0.30 0.40 mm 0.25 0.26 0.17 0.18 0.18 Grain EE2I 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 9# 0.43 0.48 0.39 0.45 0.58 9 2.35 1.91 2.80 2.25 1.68 51 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 ^ c= 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 total 253.36 274.30 176.15 240.16 251.10 A|2| 19.48 17.42 20.09 20.98 17.60 9 21.83 16.10 23.37 20.90 19.13 26.60 23.62 28.52 25.18 30.30 tiH 18.68 16.72 18.21 21.70 14.48 Fruite vegetable EE 8.88 6.97 10.31 9.25 8.30 9Xf 20.05 10.97 9.76 20.40 19.50 EEOI 3.38 3.24 3.99 3.08 3.43 total 118.88 95.05 114.24 121.48 112.73 tiH¥ 90.30 94.18 76.90 88.00 87.58 ~r□ 33.45 34.06 29.55 32.08 32.83 ms 15.20 16.04 12.76 15.05 15.43 9 El 16.68 18.52 13.93 16.43 17.03 S9 12.05 12.48 10.70 12.05 11.33 AISxl 7.95 7.81 6.99 7.75 8.05 El 10.85 12.23 8.34 10.70 11.20 Leafy vegetable ¥§ 4.33 4.65 3.62 4.50 2.98 4.66 5.06 3.78 5.18 3.60 oiw 6.03 6.84 4.68 5.90 5.70 6fXI 4.45 4.58 3.85 4.68 3.70 019 5.15 4.81 4.99 5.10 4.80 9 0.98 1.03 0.91 1.20 0.85 total 212.06 222.28 181.00 208.61 205.05 - 73 - a 5-9. (7#) §8 S#t§[g d~’] XM8 6I9I8 [g d'1] Ai Sa H4s a^t §xt otxt □ EAI ±1271 25.53 29.20 19.78 27.38 25.40 91 X1271 32.20 37.81 24.46 34.73 31.10 it27| 14.40 15.58 13.08 16.23 13.73 TtIB 19.23 21.50 16.72 19.98 20.50 2E0i 4.15 4.79 3.16 3.88 4.00 SEH 4.68 5.29 3.58 4.45 4.88 Bxl 2.95 3.10 2.61 2.99 2.83 arnot 0.80 0.87 0.53 0.90 0.73 271 3.83 4.49 3.08 4.08 3.38 0194 0.18 0.24 0.15 0.18 0.20 §01 0.93 1.18 0.53 1.04 0.60 xtxtai 0.55 0.68 0.44 0.68 0.60 §x| 0.78 1.01 0.45 0.75 0.95 Meat 2x| 2.43 2.63 2.04 2.38 2.60 ssm 6.08 6.23 5.26 5.83 6.30 S7)| 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.10 0.10 □ D 0.20 0.21 0.16 0.33 0.10 2 at 0.17 0.22 0.11 0.30 0.00 UI27H 0.15 0.14 0.12 0.00 0.20 tit xi 2.03 2.26 1.61 1.95 2.30 §H§ 0.10 0.12 0.08 0.13 0.00 XUS 0.20 0.19 0.17 0.23 0.27 7tB| HI 0.20 0.04 0.21 0.00 0.70 g 0.67 0.66 0.48 0.73 0.45 D|Q6j 0.23 0.29 0.21 0.28 0.25 mm 0.23 0.28 0.23 0.33 0.20 total 122.98 139.11 99.37 129.81 122.34 O O 73.83 90.04 73.79 72.23 83.43 Milk SX|g4 0.98 1.69 2.38 0.83 1.23 total 74.80 91.73 76.17 73.05 84.65 water 6)4 839.50 972.33 758.50 842.00 859.00 - 74 - ### 1CRP4# 44# 44 #3. 5zi#P.3. 4^-4 #444444 44 #-##4 4 #4 H-# 5-i ^-Ag. ##44 44#)%(4. 14 :i#-4 # r 4## #4 44 #4 4 ##, 44, 4, 4. #4444 4 A a. 4443.4, 54 :i#4 #4 44, 44, 4. 4. 444 43-3. 4444. 44 444 444 444#M14 44444 4 #44 4-A-# 4444, #4 4 444^^4 443.4 #3. #44zi 44 4# 44. 1044 154 :i## ##, #. f-fr, 4f, #4 4444 4444 4 444 #444 104 ^#(65kgy^)4 154 zi#(41kgy') 3.4 44#444 4 44 4 44 44444. #44 4444 44. #, 41#. ■¥•, 444 fr-9.3. 4 444. “1 IT 87 (23.2%) #30(8%) #28 (7.4%) 94## 11 (3.05%) 44 67 (17.9%) SI^MI) ti4 #4# [kg y'1] ## 67(14.8%) # 50 (11.2%) # 12 (2.61%) 4f 11 (2.41%) 4 4 86 (19.2%) yW#(54|) ti4 #4# #4# [kg y'1] - 75 - 7|EM11 (19.6%) tig 1(1041) titi #ti# mm [kg y-1] 7|EM31 (21.3%) tig 1(1541) titi mm [kg y" 1] 7|EM46 (23.3%) tigK&ti) titi mm [kg y~1] 5-17. 4# ti^r - 76 - a 5-10. #34 4# [g d sms 6mm [g cr'i S'#S 2^ 1 All 5 AH 10Aj| 15 All m S # 214.83 82.26 138.19 191.05 199.35 231.70 m 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 S7t^ 4.58 3.13 4.20 5.63 6.61 4.37 m 30.58 76.95 15.63 20.98 22.81 31.70 0.35 0.08 0.19 0.35 0.34 0.41 #DH 0.25 0.00 0.13 0.10 0.21 0.25 Gram 5sai 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 g# 0.43 0.50 0.24 0.25 0.28 0.57 m 2.35 2.26 1.05 1.13 1.54 2.72 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 St 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 total 253.36 165.18 159.67 219.48 231.13 271.75 A121 19.48 12.59 20.45 15.98 16.24 20.96 Et 21.83 15.00 9.63 15.35 16.82 24.19 g 26.60 24.75 32.19 32.45 41.15 25.08 tlH 18.68 13.88 12.06 14.18 11.11 21.35 Fruite veaetable it£ 8.88 18.05 8.98 7.10 17.88 9.45 31X1 20.05 7.93 19.90 19.55 21.29 20.29 U?01 3.38 3.11 3.30 3.03 3.53 3.43 total 118.88 95.31 106.50 107.63 128.00 124.75 HHS 90.30 8.69 29.76 57.78 78.10 105.41 g 33.45 7.38 14.63 21.25 28.98 38.85 mu# 15.20 2.14 6.88 9.83 14.30 17.56 mm 15.73 4.68 10.58 15.55 19.48 17.93 Ia4 11.95 3.78 6.58 7.10 7.65 14.15 A|gX| 7.95 1.59 4.10 5.48 6.83 9.21 ni 10.85 1.99 4.28 7.10 9.41 12.88 Leafv veaetable 4.33 0.74 0.88 1.65 1.58 5.24 US 4.66 0.46 0.75 1.58 2.05 6.01 otfe 6.03 1.63 2.30 3.48 4.59 7.25 61x1 4.45 0.18 0.81 1.73 2.65 5.66 oiu 5.15 2.44 3.55 5.08 2.89 5.55 m 1.08 0.64 1.08 1.18 0.94 1.05 total 211.12 36.30 86.16 138.75 179.43 246.75 - 77 - & 5-10. (31^) 0SS dfi# [g cT1] <4A! S3=1 ZLrn ^4Ainhtl S s a^ 1 All 5A|| 10 All 15 All 3 0 ±12:1 25.53 7.62 14.04 22.60 25.25 28.65 SHX|2:I 32.20 7.18 19.40 32.41 40.54 35.10 14.40 4.20 12.46 19.05 22.91 14.12 THE 19.23 14.39 22.33 25.48 25.20 18.64 2#y 4.15 1.53 1.84 2.43 3.03 4.98 SEH 4.68 2.42 1.88 2.80 3.02 5.55 @xl 2.95 0.91 1.94 1.98 2.19 3.41 0.80 0.00 0.35 0.23 0.17 1.17 2:1 3.83 4.29 2.64 1.68 2.34 4.41 0104= 0.18 0.18 0.15 0.35 0.28 0.23 gOj 0.93 0.00 0.10 0.27 0.10 1.15 :ixmi 0.55 0.25 0.47 0.98 0.37 0.56 Sxl 0.78 0.43 0.37 0.33 0.60 1.29 Meat mxi 2.43 1.06 1.40 1.85 2.16 2.63 2S01 6.08 0.84 2.35 5.53 8.08 6.74 S71I 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.11 CHS 0.20 0.20 0.13 0.23 0.20 0.24 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.15 EI27H 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 81X1 &1 2.03 0.36 1.44 1.13 1.58 2.42 8H# 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 Mm 0.20 0.00 0.10 0.15 0.35 0.20 XlBItil 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.13 0.67 0.28 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.67 Diyy 0.23 0.50 0.25 0.20 0.10 0.33 ss 0.23 0.25 0.28 0.35 0.46 0.26 total 122.98 46.87 84.34 120.70 139.41 133.45 o o 73.83 238.38 183.38 177.63 112.10 37.41 Milk axiss 0.98 31.30 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.04 total 74.80 269.68 183.53 177.63 112.10 37.45 Water #4= 839.50 414.33 615.00 795.00 900.00 903.07 - 78 - 5.2.3.% 4#44 44# #5 44 1%/H 4444##454 4444#4?5oll4 ### # 44# #5 54 45# 545 4#^ #5gl4 #iM# ^ 5#44# 445, 4 4 u_4 ^4gMMl 1.615o(00%4 4444)4 444 44 44# 44 44 4 -^44 444# 44 44 4444 as-lMl4 its-16444 444%4. UNSCEAR 2000 ^.JZ.44 ccj-s.# ^-44 a. 444 4 544 ^U4 #5 4# 444444 #4 (13 mBq kg 4, 45(17mBq kg ')44# 44 44 6.1 mBq kg l°l4 444 0.55mBq kg 4 4#^1 4# #7]j 3g7j- 4^4. 5 TT #4 44# #544# #4 4# 44-s #5/)- '^Th, Th, 'Th4 4@H4 44 452.3. 31.7, 15.5mBq kg-fresh'5 /j-4 #4 44454. J145-18# 441 4#4 4# #4##4 544 ^#4 44# #5# 4EN :i455 ""K, ^Cs4 #54 4# 4=11 €#4 ## 4W 54#4 4# 4445444 445?|- 7 )-# e q#55 4544. Cs-137 K-40 Be-7 Sr-90 Ra-226lI-234 U-235 U-238Th-22«Th-230Th-232 Radiouclides in foods 5-I8 . -@-4# # 44##5 - 79 - 5. 5-11. 4## 234U [mBq kg "'•fresh] 235U [mBq kg "'•fresh] 238 U [mBq kg"' fresh] <-nAl Sa @1A[WWE 5E@x[ gfAHs&E EE@x[ gfAHs^E £E@x[ m 0.937 0.053 0.202 0.026 0.831 0.063 m 4.097 0.158 0.343 0.063 3.662 0.150 g 22.900 2.012 1.776 0.273 19.660 1.292 Am 1.941 0.117 0.124 0.024 1.817 0.070 y 2.803 0.147 0.095 0.035 2.305 0.154 2.052 0.166 0.095 0.034 2.240 0.126 HH 1.259 0.118 0.081 0.034 1.280 0.096 SE 1.731 0.110 0.090 0.033 1.788 0.132 1.006 0.161 0.221 0.124 0.796 0.229 EE0[ 2.507 0.194 0.107 0.048 1.738 0.193 HUE 2.118 0.119 0.119 0.026 2.109 0.102 ~rCD 2.620 0.309 0.089 0.034 1.760 0.326 SUi 185.549 5.471 7.253 0.491 150.482 5.185 sm 1.197 0.110 0.071 0.024 0.828 0.079 0.770 0.127 0.121 0.040 0.637 0.100 Al^xl 16.308 0.702 0.588 0.139 15.440 0.606 m 5.750 0.520 0.209 0.083 4.959 0.395 1.360 0.075 0.108 0.016 1.286 0.075 o[fe 1.556 0.232 0.112 0.053 1.245 0.191 CJ X| 6.012 0.517 0.913 0.552 5.583 0.435 ±13:1 1.960 0.096 0.449 0.067 2.056 0.106 91X13151 5.844 0.180 0.281 0.046 4.793 0.213 §071 10.113 0.340 0.460 0.041 9.390 0.273 3#Oj 4.293 0.253 0.160 0.063 3.905 0.208 SEH 22.793 0.703 0.664 0.166 22.304 0.701 Hxl 6.281 0.453 0.240 0.228 4.820 0.377 2SOi 74.122 1.835 2.755 0.205 61.556 1.929 HFXI^t 272.559 12.478 7.729 0.467 250.721 11.276 396.355 9.392 12.670 0.754 347.225 9.020 mm 222.660 6.005 6.331 0.537 195.570 5.364 6.118 0.190 0.245 0.045 5.588 0.225 Total 1287.570 17.879 44.700 1.376 1128.375 16.476 - 80 - a 5-12. m#^]#±] ^ 223Th [mBq kg '•fresh] 230Th [mBq kg '•fresh] 232Th [mBq kg '•fresh] Al a c5 ctAlsoE SE@xl @1A1WWE tiSSxl- 5=1 A[ E 5S@x[ m 15.793 0.756 1.180 0.181 0.960 0.175 m 122.168 2.985 4.495 0.460 6.424 0.376 g 452.283 8.405 31.720 1.436 15.510 1.651 Am 16.712 1.946 1.863 0.485 0.978 0.289 zn 16.645 1.129 1.173 0.196 0.767 0.155 14.327 1.553 0.593 0.262 0.750 0.650 tilt 24.573 6.944 1.122 0.539 1.350 0.766 5E 26.683 4.147 4.213 1.376 2.754 0.921 21X1 10.768 0.834 0.900 0.243 0.438 0.190 I2E0I 54.997 2.242 0.954 0.158 0.688 0.133 tiH^ 28.057 0.999 1.788 0.612 1.507 0.723 iLfi 19.758 0.297 0.285 0.032 0.154 0.018 gm 20.283 3.283 0.883 0.346 0.695 0.605 SS| 8.640 3.340 0.748 0.458 0.627 0.510 AISxl 32.658 1.045 11.387 0.397 13.703 0.464 m 30.193 2.169 2.788 0.144 2.913 0.099 4.748 0.366 0.813 0.146 0.710 0.134 OHn 28.585 4.258 0.472 0.264 0.358 0.257 61 xl 18.960 0.585 2.723 0.204 3.534 0.238 ±13:1 13.988 0.965 3.274 0.328 2.000 0.455 5HXH2XI 3.914 0.451 5.150 0.646 1.120 0.198 £H>:i 15.244 1.053 3.723 0.431 2.203 0.299 3SCH 4.1 76 0.101 1.223 0.102 0.258 0.027 9 EH 7.318 0.295 1.094 0.074 0.757 0.068 Slxl 3.990 0.163 0.934 0.058 0.290 0.068 ESCH 8.617 0.353 2.248 0.270 0.774 0.126 nixm 138.940 6.490 65.440 3.411 116.102 4.555 3 57.060 0.563 16.925 0.434 21.684 0.406 8S 105.429 1.654 23.168 0.876 32.360 1.024 4.145 0.506 0.705 0.061 0.190 0.026 Total 1309.647 15.940 193.981 4.397 232.557 5.363 - 81 & 5-13. ^#1# 2}#^ ^2 226Ra [mBq L '•fresh] 226Ra [mBq L"'•fresh] A'S glA^^E 2x] 2xf # 30.205 3.813 Hf 70.522 7.677 m 104.028 5.963 6fxl 64.693 9.794 s 452.399 37.930 ±\HJl 48.353 17.766 Ah m 191.623 31.044 5HXIH9I 70.688 15.905 g 118.937 23.588 if 5271 104.028 5.963 142.372 25.333 3#01 216.550 64.894 tiH 170.799 23.508 SEH 45.020 10.409 52 26.558 7.660 tifXIB 100.729 10.163 I150f 78.475 12.063 146.842 29.001 HH5 113.259 13.284 SB 103.918 10.349 sum 54.774 8.094 3.110 0.314 §m 61.442 20.981 Total 2519.324 105.924 - 82 - & 5 14. ^Cs, 4## 137Cs [mBq kg 1-fresh] 40K [Bq kg '■fresh] 7Be [Bq kg "'•fresh] glAikks ssexi cf Af s E S5@x| E5@xf # 14.575 1.161 25.359 0.057 0.127 0.022 §JU¥ 16.900 2.000 53.850 0.132 CMDA CMDA g 270.667 12.308 531.818 3.355 CMDA CMDA »i CMDA CMDA 155.500 0.619 0.941 0.120 51 127.000 12.623 178.600 0.496 1.340 0.110 EEBI 123.000 2.222 23.111 0.079 CMDA CMDA s# 72.400 10.116 203.200 0.879 CMDA CMDA 37.211 2.372 125.667 0.352 0.161 0.022 5 376.500 8.438 146.800 0.269 CMDA CMDA i? 32.700 5.340 131.667 0.434 CMDA CMDA All?] - 83 - & 5-14. (31^) ,37Cs [mBq kg ’-fresh] 40K [Bq kg 1-fresh] 7Be [Bq kg ’-fresh] gfAHgfeE HSBxl aeaxi 8A1W&E SSSxl ±\J1D\ 83.892 2.469 82.646 0.264 CM DA CMDA 5HXIIJPI 88.539 1.425 79.714 0.161 CMDA CMDA BfH5| 27.580 1.960 62.625 0.356 CMDA CMDA 711B 24.100 6.200 39.300 0.260 CMDA CMDA UgOi 112.740 3.142 88.560 1.288 CMDA CMDA SEH 134.375 3.135 92.579 0.521 CMDA CMDA Bxl - 84 - a s is. 444 ^19# 449 9TB 9£i9 Tii a 234U [mBq L"1 ] 235U [mBq L"1] 238 U [mBq IE1] ai s= o At 55 a E BS@xt oAtsoE BE@xt cf At 55 WE BE@xt 6.118 0.190 0.245 0.045 5.588 0.225 s# Tiia 228 Th [mBq LH] 230Th [mBq L'1 ] 232Th [mBq L"'] AI 511 gUtEbE BS^xt gfAtEWE BE@xt cf AtsWE BE@xt o o ~r tt 4.145 0.506 0.705 0.061 0.190 0.026 nsims 137Cs [mBq L ’-fresh] 40K [Bq L"’• fresh] 90 Sr [mBq L ’•fresh] ^4AI s=[ gfAtW^E BE@Xt o At S a £ BESxt SAt^^E BESxt o o ~r tt 24.942 0.726 47.777 0.064 14.700 2.227 STIES 217.200 29.003 369.364 2.302 Total 241.142 29.012 417.141 2.302 14.700 2.227 a 5-16. 944 949 ^ ,37Cs [mBq IE1] 226Ra [mBq L ’] AI =c 5 glAtW&E BE@Xt cfAts 9E HESxt 1.439 0.052 3.110 0.314 5.2.33 4 3:49 ^ 99:49 4# 9 5.2.2^44 949 44 94 ICRP 724 499497]-, 44494 3# 4 4# 4444 44# #4 444 9 TB# 49A^. 44, 44#, 99#& 994 4 4## 9943:49 9 99494 zi#5-l944 ^#5-27444- &5-174- & 5-2MI 44444. 44# 44 44 ^94 4443:444 "°K4 44 9 9 m#444 44) 44 0.228, 0.01134mSv& 97} 49^4, UNSCEAR 2000 ^.3144] 44 ^K4 449 9 S.#4#4 4# 994^49=4 0.12, 0.17 mSv^ 444^ 99 4 49-4 4449 4^ 447} $144 44 34^- 4# 9444 - 85 - 21 rN. Xi 02. H oE 4 M' Hdi £2 0.24mSv-gr Annual effective dose [mSv y'l| l-r-1 P 1 Elm ^ r2: R H ®, 5t % \ ®, JR -> n io o$4 rO mi hj m oRi vTtwnj—I T.III1 r imiih "I 11mi—■ I iiiiih—' I 'inn 4: 10 H 4 a . oi' 4-i r!=> 4,6 =& jn r!^ .2, g 4> O oH o 7" Jo x. siliu 4f rR -1- rr, .2, % i2 Hr UNSCEAR&1 X O oS m rj Uranium rr r°L r!r r.'jo .1 Jo mi OS' j|m ri a: pi r-R r£ 4° -2. PiT series _>j ri oS. M1 R. oR 46 > mi J2 R 0^1 oE 4 r4 o:o * Oii 42 jj jj °E mjo OS' CT5 x 0.29 a J2 4° 3 jR ° Ji£ 46 oHii 1 X JO Jp ri mi o mSv^. rR F4 -1° E FN J4 R I j2 :N ajj iSSjltl fO 4,6 r£ R 00 > 5Wi 4 05 ojx MK I 5 r> 4-41 Annual effective dose |mSv y"‘| Annual effective dose |mSv y"’] J2 '—' x u rR Hi 4J rim to 4 4 5. dH, r$: u > m|m UJ Ejm W Ojft mini rr'J, CO CJl lo i r-2 r£ 46 r# J2 S # R P ob *2 4. 4% rR OJ 4 M r-2, hh oi' lo r^- njm Thorium 4J 5 -4 Fn 4> ^ W o^ oR > 4J 0* to. -4 4 ^ ^ M m2, 8 series Oi x: oi jo x jR p; F> rb j2 oS ~|o ± m Jo CJl X! £ Jo >. '-r-' XI -E # 4 mi j2 J2 3 rini r* O 46 54 LO ki 1 1 o|m X Yti dsL PjO mto < Ajj r£ 4 .2, dm 4° .12, 40 oR Lf! riK o rr1, A -4 4 4» u □ft Annual effective dose |mSv y"'] u Annual effective dose [mSv y"'| Annual effective dose |mSv y"‘| Ul □ft □ft Ul I LJ-234 CJ1 U 5 rft Jo, rft rft U-235 ft, oft Uranium ft -S ft rft J2 4° oftJ 4o fto A M1 M' M' -ft A -ft- series rft rft r|iu U-238 rft r|iu oft oft -ft oft rft -ft Hn □)m rft 4r Ra-226 oft Tb-228 Tb-228 m2 m2, JO I -ft JO r|iu -NCO U I Annual effective dose [mSv y ’| □ft Annual effective dose |mSv y | U Ol □ft I OlI to p u rft rft rft JO Thorium 01 ft oft rft jS fto & Tb-230 *1 4o 5 o|^ -ft M' series rft 1 rft rim oft 0: oft Hn rft Q|(ll Th-232 ft. ID J2 m2 P JO, -ft r|m & 5-17. ^ ^ 4# g [mSv y-1] IMg [mSv y 1] a ^ ^ % 01 71 CHEAI g^EAl 234y 1.51E-04 1.63E-04 1.28E-04 1.51E-04 1.52E-04 235^ 7.37E-06 7.93E-06 6.09E-06 7.37E-06 7.34E-06 23=U 1.19E-04 1.28E-04 1.01E-04 1.19E-04 1.19E-04 ^Ra 9.96E-03 9.96E-03 8.72E-03 1.01E-02 9.60E-03 Sub total 1.02E-02 1.03E-02 8.96E-03 1.04E-02 9.88E-03 SS71IS ^=Th 1.01E-03 1.11E-03 8.55E-04 1.02E-03 9.71E-04 230y^ 1.90E-04 2.09E-04 1.60E-04 1.94E-04 1.86E-04 232Th 1.44E-04 1.56E-04 1.20E-04 1.45E-04 1.42E-04 Sub total 1.34E-03 1.47E-03 1.13E-03 1.36E-03 1.30E-03 3% '^Cs 1.30E-04 1.44E-04 1.09E-04 1.32E-04 1.28E-04 2.28E-01 2.43E-01 1.96E-01 2.30E-01 2.22E-01 7Be 2.77E-06 2.82E-06 2.38E-06 2.72E-06 2.64E-06 "°Sr 1.54E-05 1.87E-05 1.54E-05 1.87E-05 1.54E-05 Sub total 0.228 0.243 0.196 0.231 0.222 Total 0.240 0.255 0.206 0.243 0.233 11016 5876 4722 4784 3947 man-Sv - 88 — a 5 18. #3# [mSvy-' ] Uil 5A|| 10 All 15 All & 91 234u 2.116E-04 1.423E-04 1.492E-04 1.770E-04 1.315E-04 1.240E-05 6.784E-06 7.284E-06 8.325E-06 6.345E-06 1.721E-04 1.131E—04 1.187E-04 1.374E-04 1.031E-04 ^GRa 1.850E-02 7.736E-03 1.312E-02 2.842E-02 6.244E-03 Sub total 1.890E-02 7.998E-03 1.340E-02 2.874E-02 6.485E-03 ^Th 1.006E-03 5.387E-03 1.145E-03 1.035E-03 7.248E-04 ^'Th 1.901E-04 4.535E-04 1.550E-04 1.557E-04 1.620E-04 ''^Th 1.436E-04 2.586E-04 1.164E-04 1.196E-04 1.215E-04 Sub total 1.340E-03 6.099E-03 1.417E-03 1.310E-03 1.008E-03 3 21 @1# '^Cs 1.75E-04 6.90E-05 9.33E-05 1.29E-04 1.41E-04 1.21E-00 3.17E-01 2.48E-01 1.60E-01 1.44E-01 ^Be 2.79E-06 2.72E-06 2.58E-06 2.12E-06 2.14E-06 ™Sr 9.34E-05 4.62E-05 5.72E-05 4.81E-05 5.62E-06 Sub total 1.21E-00 3.17E-01 2.48E-01 1.60E-01 1.44E-01 Total 1.230 0.331 0.263 0.190 0.151 3850 1140 805 701 4946 man-Sv - 89 - X 5-19. ^#4 4#4## [mSv y '] Aixrzi^ csu: Lirrm sa a If Of If # 2.075E-02 2.239E-02 1.362E-02 SJ 0.000E+00 2.282E-10 7.607E-11 ^7f¥ 9.297E-04 8.522E-04 9.456E-04 m 6.211E-02 7.164E-02 5.422E-02 2.053E-04 2.163E-04 2.108E-04 #3H 1.686E-04 I.770E-04 1.159E-04 Grain 0.000E+00 1.097E-06 0.000E+00 s# 3.259E-04 3.642E-04 2.971E-04 m 1.114E-03 9.040E-04 1.328E-03 5f 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 6.943E-06 2^ 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 4.968E-05 Sub total 8.560E-02 9.654E-02 7.079E-02 AfDf 3.022E-03 2.703E-03 3.117E-03 31 4.195E-03 3.095E-03 4.492E-03 4.105E-03 3.646E-03 4.402E-03 m 2.978E-03 2.666E-03 2.903E-03 Fruite vegetable it£ 2.133E-03 1.676E-03 2.479E-03 gflf 8.949E-03 4.894E-03 4.355E-03 x?of 1.465E-03 1.407E-03 1.731E-03 Sub total 2.685E-02 2.009E-02 2.348E-02 2.316E-02 2.416E-02 1.972E-02 ¥ 9.469E-03 9.640E-03 8.364E-03 SLfg 3.256E-03 3.427E-03 2.734E-03 gm 2.663E-03 2.957E-03 2.225E-03 5B4 2.966E-03 3.071 E-03 2.633E-03 Aia %i 6.302E-03 6.190E-03 5.539E-03 m 2.917E-03 3.272E-03 2.243E-03 Leafy vegetable ¥3 1.553E-03 1.670E-03 1.300E-03 2? 1.472E-03 1.599E-03 1.194E-03 OH# 3.294E-03 3.741E-03 2.559E-03 At XI 1.858E-03 1.910E-03 1.608E-03 0|<* 5.886E-03 5.501E-03 5.704E-03 a 2.526E-03 2.671E-03 2.364E-03 Sub total 6.931E-02 7.180E-02 5.988E-02 - 90 - a 519 [mSvy-'] —i S 5 yxt 01X1 ±13x1 7.996E-03 9.146E-03 6.196E-03 EHXI3XI 9.726E-03 1.142E-02 7.388E-03 BI^OI 3.426E-03 3.706E-03 3.111E-03 xiigi 2.852E-03 3.189E-03 2.480E-03 nmol 1.549E-03 1.763E-03 1.178E-03 SEN 1.679E-03 1.896E-03 1.287E-03 a xi 2.765E-03 2.909E-03 2.447E-03 C10O1 2.921E-04 3.172E-04 1.928E-04 3x1 1.135E-03 1.332E-03 9.130E-04 0I@^ 6.592E-05 8.946E-05 5.650E-05 #01 1.782E-04 2.263E-04 1.023E-04 :ixioi 1.971E-04 2.453E-04 1.590E-04 §xl 1.760E-04 2.285E-04 1.029E-04 Meat ^xl 8.56IE-04 9.278E-04 7.215E-04 2S0I 1.610E-03 1.651E-03 1.413E-03 @xii 3.089E-05 2.575E-05 2.575E-05 cum 5.428E-05 5.683E-05 4.326E-05 2.310E-05 3.004E-05 1.560E-05 HIZOH 3.354E-05 3.074E-05 2.655E-05 \iix\m 5.498E-04 6.101E-04 4.378E-04 8HN 3.885E-06 4.614E-06 3.076E-06 3.949E-05 3.825E-05 3.270E-05 XfBItil 4.225E-05 7.922E-06 4.357E-05 1.603E-04 1.594E-04 1.152E-04 oicheh 1.058E-05 1.382E-05 9.702E-06 ##} 5.476E-05 6.581 E-05 5.628E-05 Sub total 3.641 E-02 4.100E-02 2.927E-02 1.335E-02 1.628E-02 1.334E-02 Milk 2XIE$? 1.359E-03 2.353E-03 3.320E-03 Sub total 1.471E-02 1.864E-02 1.666E-02 Water AT>. 4.671 E-04 5.410E-04 4.220E-04 Total 2.394E-01 2.546E-01 2.059E-01 - 91 & 5-20. [Svy"' I ^4Al s33 t*ls cusai #^EA| # 2.075E-02 1.935E-02 2.075E-02 a 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 6.086E-10 9.297E-04 9.754E-04 8.992E-04 m 6.211E-02 6.459E-02 5.884E-02 2.053E-04 1.760E-04 2.346E-04 1.686E-04 1.180E-04 1.180E-04 Grain SS8I 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 9# 3.259E-04 3.451E-04 4.409E-04 9 1.114E-03 1.067E-03 7.943E-04 5f 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 §¥ 0.000E+00 4.968E-05 0.000E+00 Sub total 8.560E-02 8.667E-02 8.207E-02 Mm 3.022E-03 3.255E-03 2.731E-03 9 4.195E-03 4.017E-03 3.676E-03 g 4.105E-03 3.885E-03 4.676E-03 tIH 2.978E-03 3.460E-03 2.308E-03 Fruite veaetable MS 2.133E-03 2.224E-03 1.995E-03 8.949E-03 9.105E-03 8.704E-03 usoi 1.465E-03 1.334E-03 1.486E-03 Sub total 2.685E-02 2.728E-02 2.558E-02 2.316E-02 2.257E-02 2.246E-02 O 9.469E-03 9.079E-03 9.292E-03 mi 3.256E-03 3.224E-03 3.304E-03 \ gm 2.663E-03 2.623E-03 2.719E-03 2.942E-03 2.966E-03 2.788E-03 AISXI 6.302E-03 6.143E-03 6.381 E-03 m 2.917E-03 2.877E-03 3.012E-03 Leafy veaetable ¥3 1.553E-03 1.616E-03 1.068E-03 1.472E-03 1.638E-03 1.137E-03 otw 3.294E-03 3.225E-03 3.116E-03 9^1 1.857E-03 1.951E-03 1.544E-03 019 5.886E-03 5.829E-03 5.486E-03 a 2.785E-03 3.108E-03 2.202E-03 Sub total 6.955E-02 6.879E-02 6.645E-02 - 92 - a 5-20 M40 XI9 S3 9 [mSvy-' ] A!—l^c=! 33 tM @9 CHEAI s±EA| ±13:1 7.996E-03 8.576E-03 7.957E-03 swxi3:i 9.726E-03 1.049E-02 9.393E-03 Bl3:i 3.426E-03 3.860E-03 3.266E-03 :m 2.852E-03 2.963E-03 3.041E-03 3#0| 1.549E-03 1.447E-03 1.493E-03 SEH 1.679E-03 1.599E-03 1.751E-03 gxl 2.765E-03 2.804E-03 2.648E-03 Dgoi 2.921E-04 3.286E-04 2.647E-04 2:1 1.135E-03 1.209E-03 1.001E-03 0|@4 6.592E-05 6.592E-05 7.534E-05 §01 1.782E-04 2.006E-04 1.156E-04 :ixidi 1.971 E-04 2.419E-04 2.150E-04 gXI 1.760E-04 1.703E-04 2.158E-04 Meat gtxl 8.561E-04 8.384E-04 9.179E-04 2S9 1.632E-03 1.564E-03 1.692E-03 9^1 3.089E-05 2.060E-05 2.060E-05 [«mt 5.428E-05 8.821E-05 2.714E-05 ±£| 2.310E-05 4.159E-05 0.000E+00 E|2:H 3.354E-05 0.000E+00 4.472E-05 til XI9 5.498E-04 5.295E-04 6.245E-04 6H6I 3.885E-06 5.180E-06 0.000E+00 XUS 3.949E-05 4.442E-05 5.265E-05 :iaiui 4.225E-05 0.000E+00 1.479E-04 1.603E-04 1.763E-04 1.082E-04 015 9 1.058E-05 1.294E-05 1.176E-05 4.576E-05 8.005E-05 4.803E-05 Sub total 3.641E-02 3.832E-02 3.599E-02 1.335E-02 1.306E-02 1.509E-02 Milk 3XI5S 1.359E-03 1.150E-03 1.708E-03 Sub total 1.471E-02 1.421E-02 1.679E-02 Water 614 4.671 E-04 4.684E-04 4.779E-04 Total 2.396E-01 2.419E-01 2.331E-01 - 93 - a 5-21. 334 4# till [mSv y’1 ] A. 1 rx htd 5 s 1 All 5 All 10 A1I 15AII 8 21 m 3.220E-02 2.709E-02 2.321E-02 1.475E-02 1.346E-02 a 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 O.OOOE+OO 8.707E-11 2.580E-03 1.734E-03 1.438E-03 1.027E-03 5.323E-04 6.329E-01 6.442E-02 5.361E-02 3.548E-02 3.871 E-02 gf3H 1.788E-04 2.235E-04 2.583E-04 1.513E-04 1.453E-04 #3H 0.000E+00 1.712E-04 8.479E-05 1.096E-04 1.014E-04 Grain ssa 0.000E+00 8.879E-06 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 g# 1.558E-03 3.700E-04 2.411E-04 1.612E-04 2.604E-04 y 4.359E-03 1.012E-03 6.710E-04 5.574E-04 7.726E-04 5 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 8.622E-10 i¥ 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 5.661 E-06 Sub total 6.738E-01 9.502E-02 7.951 E-02 5.223E-02 5.399E-02 AfiOf 7.922E-03 6.443E-03 3.118E-03 1.928E-03 1.954E-03 gf 1.170E-02 3.756E-03 3.711 E-03 2.473E-03 2.792E-03 1.549E-02 1.009E-02 6.300E-03 4.860E-03 2.325E-03 Fruite tiH 8.978E-03 3.906E-03 2.844E-03 1.356E-03 2.045E-03 vegetable SE 1.759E-02 4.379E-03 2.147E-03 3.289E-03 1.366E-03 1.437E-02 1.804E-02 1.098E-02 7.266E-03 5.436E-03 n^of 5.482E-03 2.909E-03 1.652E-03 1.170E-03 8.941 E-04 Sub total 8.153E-02 4.952E-02 3.075E-02 2.234E-02 1.68 IE-02 9.038E-03 1.550E-02 1.864E-02 1.533E-02 1.625E-02 CD ~T~ 8.481 E-03 8.415E-03 7.566E-03 6.271E-03 6.598E-03 ms 1.785E-03 2.910E-03 2.681 E-03 2.712E-03 2.281 E-03 §m 3.030E-03 3.430E-03 3.125E-03 2.380E-03 1.720E-03 set 3.774E-03 3.288E-03 2.199E-03 1.440E-03 2.090E-03 AISxl 5.102E-03 6.596E-03 5.458E-03 4.141E-03 4.386E-03 Leafy tlf 2.115E-03 2.293E-03 2.436E-03 2.211E-03 2.078E-03 vegetable ¥§ 1.076E-03 6.382E-04 7.451 E-04 4.323E-04 1.128E-03 3# 5.936E-04 4.814E-04 6.259E-04 4.952E-04 1.140E-03 OHs 3.608E-03 2.555E-03 2.390E-03 1.918E-03 2.378E-03 6tx| 2.923E-04 6.816E-04 9.113E-04 9.170E-04 1.418E-03 0|9? 1.132E-02 8.245E-03 7.297E-03 2.523E-03 3.807E-03 &! 6.71 IE-03 5.658E-03 3.829E-03 1.856E-03 1.635E-03 Sub total 5.737E-02 6.160E-02 6.010E-02 4.813E-02 4.824E-02 - 94 - & 5-21. [mSvy^ ] Al-~i 3n tHsi uti 5AII 10 All 15 All S Ei ±12:1 9.804E-06 9.077E-06 9.220E-06 6.722E-06 5.536E-06 SH 113:1 8.963E-06 1.220E-05 1.297E-05 1.094E-05 6.627E-06 Bt3:i 4.202E-06 6.309E-06 6.278E-06 5.481 E-06 2.170E-06 8.670E-06 6.727E-06 4.753E-06 2.859E-06 1.660E-06 2.189E-06 1.339E-06 1.175E-06 1.134E-06 1.112E-06 SEH 3.477E-06 1.355E-06 1.273E-06 8.864E-07 1.199E-06 gxl 3.476E-06 3.690E-06 2.329E-06 1.567E-06 1.919E-06 D0Oj 0.000E+00 2.593E-07 1.071E-07 4.654E-08 2.558E-07 sti 5.162E-06 1.588E-06 6.246E-07 5.303E-07 7.861 E-07 0|@4= 2.675E-07 1.147E-07 1.657E-07 8.165E-08 5.154E-08 SOI 0.000E+00 3.911E-08 6.458E-08 1.473E-08 1.332E-07 3.637E-07 3.395E-07 4.393E-07 1.005E-07 1.200E-07 gxl 3.920E-07 1.691 E-07 9.520E-08 1.042E-07 1.754E-07 Meat 1.521E-06 1.003E-06 8.209E-07 5.843E-07 5.584E-07 2goi 9.083E-07 1.278E-06 1.865E-06 1.669E-06 1.092E-06 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 4.723E-08 1.342E-08 cum 2.206E-07 6.894E-08 7.966E-08 4.149E-08 3.986E-08 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 7.847E-08 0.000E+00 1.262E-08 EI5DH 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 2.678E-08 wixm 3.631E-07 7.471 E-07 3.889E-07 4.060E-07 4.121E-07 ms 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 2.286E-09 IHS 0.000E+00 4.010E-08 3.724E-08 5.284E-08 2.413E-08 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 8.074E-09 1.675E-08 2.498E-07 2.055E-07 7.786E-08 3.785E-08 9.951 E-08 010^ 9.558E-08 2.390E-08 1.183E-08 3.596E-09 9.186E-09 ## 2.263E-07 1.317E-07 1.079E-07 1.072E-07 3.854E-08 Sub total 5.055E-05 4.670E-05 4.296E-05 3.343E-05 2.409E-05 SS 1.750E-01 6.736E-02 4.045E-02 1.556E-02 4.069E-03 Milk SXISS 1.773E-01 4.248E-04 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 3.694E-05 Sub total 3.523E-01 6.779E-02 4.045E-02 1.556E-02 4.106E-03 Water S4 2.237E-05 1.776E-05 1.59 IE-05 1.422E-05 1.252E-05 Total 1.214E-00 3.184E-01 2.492E-01 1.609E-01 1.447E-01 - 95 - *113*1 ^814 44e8] 48 88^7]- 5.3.1 44M 8# 8 iH : 4#e1 4888484 848S3. s#44 84 88 2. 4 mSv 8 S-=r 4 ##-If: 4 S3 844 8s4, 4 # 50% 888 45- 8 4-5-8 -#4 Jl #4 4 8 4 #8 4 S3. 3.ss]s 84[l]. #4 4444s 8 # 8 4 8 4#4 4484 444 ;4-4 #S7f 7j^ ^1 8884 48 4# 444 48 1# 8 #*14 4 8 S4, 48- 4 4-5- 4-^4 84 4#°1 48^.884 #84 4# 4# 4184 88 & 84 4#8 8 #4## 444 4# #44 #S8 # 8# 4s84. 4444 4:?~ 4 48 8 s 244 1984 d 444 483: s ##484 8844 &8 s3.#4 8#4 8 4#4 44 44848# -T44 484 44 4# #4 #4 ;8##S 2A}tf 19888 8 4:8 444888#448 8 # &4, 4 8, 4 4, 8 #,-Y-8 . 4 #4 8 84##0S:8 42:3. #84 48 z-l # 0 18 1, 8 S44: -?i# if 5L4 844^s4 * 44 &4#s4 48, #844,#8 43.4 44S ^07]-88 84 44# #'H444 44 8#4 8s45-7l- 8 84. 8 #4 19908S4 4444884^4 488 844, 19928#^] 1995848 #4 S44, 199684 199784 44 8#44#88848 84# f^)48S8 zz. 4 #88 4(844 84 #)4 44 4##s ^4 ^ 444448 8^444 4-5-S471 84 8 S3. 4^4948 44. 3.44 884 8 ### 4# 444 #s #84 8 #4 8 8 s 44#s4 444 44 4%}# (4-54##s, 8884, 48=444# #)44 4884 # #488 4#s 4#S## #^48 #484[26, 49-51]. 19998#^] 2002848 4#848884#848 #i@8 "#8444 8 #S 87 ]- ^ 8# 44 4# 44# s4" 8448# 8 # 30004 484 44 4#s 44 4-4 #s 2:4 4 7H^4 ), am ^ 4144 4# 44 #s 44 44 8 S# #4484. S4 444##s ^ #8 4444# 2%4# 484s 4-3:44 4-44 M# #^148S4, 4#4 44 4444 M# 444 8^084, 4#4/#4 4#4# 4#4, 8#4# s#48 4-44 888 4#4 4= 4 z]sa# 4 7]-^ Hi 84. 54 4 4&8 44-4 2:4 e4# #4 87]-48 3:4#4 #4 Ms 314 #acK26]. 8# 4#87}4884#848 #848jS 44 84S3. 20038 12444 20048 11444 18 #8 # 444 - 96 - 4 4 44 , 344 4 7}#* 3 *44 *7|-3 **4 44 44 *4 Ml 4* 341 Ml , 4*3. :,-j:?llo| * ****7M4 4 il 44 4433 4:' *37l #0} 4* *7l#343 i4*4 444 44* 4 4 ** *444 44. 4 4. 444 4*. 4* * 44 1 1 4 fM*]3 Ml Ml 4 $) 41-:r- 3^1 MM* * 44 3 4*44 7 } 4 Ml 4**3 *4 7*z* 4*43 4*r,l g 1 4 41 *?|-4 .f:** 4 *** *4#144. 44 4*4 4* <]44 7] 4 4 4 a. 4u| /M| #V1** M|?144 $14*4441 Ml *3 43 44. UNSCEAR 2000 3a4M| 444 4 Ml 4] 4 50;||* 4*44] 44 *34 uH'Xf:47|- **443'* o] 4ii#M] 4 4 %1 ;<|| Ml *4 4**34 #34 7)4*7^* 44 40Dq/rA 30Bq/m^M, *4*3# 10Bq/m' o|4. 3*4 *#* *44 3* 4 10Bq/m^ *3o|4. 444 4* 4 3#4 3*33 "]# 4# 4# #34** z|-z|- 1.15mSv, 0.10 mSv3 444^4. 5.3.2 4444 44 4 4-441 4# 44 *** 4444 44 4# *** 4^a(RisW# *7}4# 44 4 4 M443 4444 444 4# 44*3*4 #*4*3 4444 4 4 444 4 4 4 444 4*4 4 4# 44444 4 4 4**44 4a* 44 44 *3.4 #4 444*4 *47} *4444 44. 4*4 44 4*4*44# 444 UNSCEAR. ICRP, 44 BEIR 444 #4 4M14#* 44 7^1 *4* Ml444 ^4. 4* *44 4444 4**44 *7)| 4# 7)-#4 ^* UNSCEAR 2000 &JI44 ICRP 6544 444* * ?M 3#44[1, 52]. * 3* a* 4* #4 *7||4* 4*4 *34 4*444** 4*44 *34** *7} 4* *4 44 4**44** 4#4* *44 *4 444 44* 344. * UNSCEAR* 44*4 4*44 4**4* *41 4*4441** 4#4#34 ICRP 6544* 444 4**g* 4*44 4*444** 4r#444. UNSCEAR 2000 3344 M|44 4*44 4**^* 4*44 4#4 4*44: 4* (9nSv/Bg h m^)* ICRP 65444 444 **4 44 4*444* (#4 7]-: 7.95 nSv/Bghm^, 4*4: 6.11 nSv/Bghm^4 * 44 §14 4^4 *44 gl* 343 $14. ICRP4 44 7M4 3*4 a.#* e4a 44 4*4 44 * 34** Ml*7)- 4 44* 44 4&4- 4* 44* 34*3 44 ICRP44* 4*4 44 4**7M1 43* 3*42.## 4*44 #a 4^-4 *^33 4# 4 4*4441** 71 * 4.713 444. ^44 444 4* *4* *7]3 44 * - 97 - % %%747 47%44 %7%%474 % JE.5E.A #7%7] 4%3 474 4^ 44 33^^143 UNSCEAR 33 44 %%ol Aj.^-5jji 4333 4-4 4 4#% 4 444 4# 4444 %#% 4444 4a* 444 3- 33444% %^% 4 3%747 4443.4 44. 444 4 4 47747 4444 e)-#73 4 47%%47 444 4444, 4747. 43^3, ### 4 4#4 444 4 44 44 44444 %3#4. 344 2002434 "44 44 4%73#4 #4" 444344 43 444474 444 4-r 44% 44 44 44444 4% 4&4 44 44% 4344. 4 44 4f-4 4% %437j- 4 2002434 "44 %4 4%%3#4 3 4"4 443 #44 44 4 30004 444 4% 74 4%734 44 #44 1000 4444 74 4% 73 ^ 444 104 4% 44# #434 3444 3 3344 #44 44 4773# 474^4. 4% #3 444 4444% ICRP 6544 444% St4 4# #4 43 77 4344 4 4% 44 %74 4% 4 4 St# %#44 4#43%} #4. 3% 444 44 47734 444 4#4 4 4% 44444 44 4 444 4# 433 #444 44% 44444 444 &4% /j-4 4^ 4%4 4% 44 7%777 %#4434 47#3% #4144 4 2000434 %4% #4 #4734 44# 4%33 444. 44 474^74 % 33444% 4%4 4% 7&77 4;}%% # 77% 4 4% 7%4 UNSCEAR 3## 4749^34 7444 77 744 747 4 #4 44. 7&7 4 4%4 E = Q F - T K [mSv] 444 Q : 74 # 4%73 [Bq/m4 F:7774 T : 4#4j# x 744 4(8760 h) [h] K : 77=%7zl]# [mSv/Bq - h - m 5.3.2.1 74 7 4% 73 4%433 4%44 44 44 444*974 74% 4444 444% 47 (^Ra)4 747474 4%(^Rn)4 3# 4444 444% ^Ra4 747774 4%(™RW44. 4 7 7443% 3 e%4| 44 77 4%(^Rn)4 3#(™Rn) - 98 - 0.3. #%14. 4## ##4 4 4^34 # #44^ 5L# Jl^|#4 #d:& #44c 4 4 #444# 44## #4 #4 #44# ##@344 444 #444. &# -a- 444 4 #4 #4 ##ii 4# 4# 44 4#4 4^33 "13# 43i s#4 4 4 ##{:- 4#^l #44^ 93 9| /I- #?34 '^Rn# s3-##3. 4.#44 4444 4 3 314 4 4-^ '4#'444# 4#(2'2Rn) 93 :i 444 44# 4444. 444 3.4 5 284 4 # 4 444 3.84 4 #44& #444 2'"Po#.3.#u3 ™Pb4 4^--# 4 # #4 444 3 4# 4# 44# 444 4#44 4 ##44-"-3 4 44 ^.#44#Y. 444 #444 #3i 44 4#4H.3 44-^4 44. 44 4 4 4-444# 44 44& #4 #4 4#44 #4# #4 44 #444 444 ##4# 44 444 4##3. oiaij 444^^4 44# ### # 4# 4^3 3.J1 44. 444 444 4#4 #444 4444 44 4444 #4 4# 2"#b 444 ^14 #4 44^4 4# 44 444# 4# @3#(4: 2'Tb)44 4 4##4 #4# @3#(2'*At)# #4431 44 444# 4# -"To, 2'^Bi, 2"Pb, 2"Po 4 4## 4# 4#o_g_ #4#4. 4# 4 #A 4# 4#4 ##7i 4 #A. ## 44# 4444 4### S5-22# #4 444914. ^iL 5}S-x>^ a 5.49MeV 1% °]1>2] Sj-f- * 2± ' ’ -‘To -‘To r^pr 3.05g i P 0.000 U P 138°J a z“Bi a 210g. Q 6.00MeV 7.69MeV 5.31MeV 19.7^ P 5.01°j Z v 21lPb 206pb ™Pb .... 26.8# \ ► 22.3 8 .1# zi^ 5-28. 222Rn4 #4 S# 4 #A. 4# 4i - 99 - # 5-22. ^-Rn4 9:49 4# 4 #4 #4 ^a gu) im tHIB 90) gwa@i# y^3)| Oil Li XI SIGH oil L-l XI Oil W XI y(%) y(%) y(%) (MeV) (MeV) (MeV) ^Rn 3.824 d 5.49 100 - - - - 2^Po 3.05 min 6.00 100 - - - - 1.02 6 0.35 37 ^4Pb 26.8 min - - 0.70 42 0.30 19 0.65 48 0.24 8 3.27 18 0.61 46 2,4Bi 19.9 min - - 1.54 18 1.77 16 1.51 18 1.12 15 2^Po 164 ps 7.69 100 - — - - 4 : Browne and Firestone(1986) and ICRP( 1983). ICRP 6544^ 4#4#4 ^4 # 7|]oioj ^1?] 9-4914444, 4494444 ^1E, 99#7}#3. #4 #4 444# JE9 494. 94 9 4#4#4 94 #94 9494444 #94 -0-4 44 4444 444 31444"cr£5. 444 4 44. 4944444 44-4 a 449 4# 4 4499 944 9 a 4#4 44 4:4444 9^/1- 944 49 9 ##4 94 94444 9 ^4- 9# 944 4# Bq/m'^ 4 499:4-. 99949^9 #94 94 # 4# 9^4 9994# 4-0-9-ag. 4 4# 4^44 99944 49: 999 4# ^444 #44^3. 99# 44 4. # &J14414 4994# 4*D 49-9 4# 20029^4 "44 94 4 ^4" 4#na4 4#4 4# #9 4#&4 #999449 94449944#9# #4 4^494 . 45. a.4 94 ^ 94 4 # #4 ^4& 9#9 4 94. 20029 s 94 4##s 944 4 30004 444 5004 M44# 49SS. 9449^-4, 4# 20039 12##4 20044 11944 14 #9 444 94 #4 #9# #4 1000 4 444 #449 4. 94 4#%"S 494 io/j] 999-49" #9^4 44944994#9 a.449 #^)494. 3:4494 #9444 9#44 #s# 441# 7}# ^ 99## #9 3-49 #9-3:4 9-94 9-0-49S4 493: A}# #44 #444 9# 44 44 3:4494 994 4# 9#4 94 4 s)9 4 ^-44 - 100 - 6 744774 74 #914. 4#^ (passive type) ^4 74 4-&-3#4 # 444917-"1 -4t<-7] 4 44 ?}4 3444 44 4444 14?} 744M. -X- 4 7444 4 444 ^7 #7# 4# 444- 20024:2 '47 44 4## 7^4 74' 7ii4 4-44 #4 4^4. 7^5-29# #4 4-7 474 KINS 7 7 44 4 444 44 4 ^3g7 4##7# 47 4 7A}4^4 47# 47# 4 47 4 4 477 47, 44 474774 #4 444 47 #7 47444. 4 4444 44- #7 744 14?} 44477 44444 #4 7 4 4 4 (4 7004 4 4)4 444 4444 4444 # 2190;]] 4?144 444 4 44444. 744 # 774444 43 444 447 4# #7 4#4 -?- 444 47-4 4#47 444 47 47&4? 4#4#4#4 44& 4 : 7 44 4 44 20024 7744 7# 7447 /-14 44 744 4 4 40000 4 4 4 47# 4-8-4 474& 444 47 444. 13] 4 7 47774 44- ' #77} ?i^ 44 log- normal #7# 4447 #&-& 4 f 44. 444 4#44 4#4 4-8-44 47 4# #7# 4#47744 4447^14 #444 47?}77 4 #4# 44 4444 477 4444. 444 47 #7 4# 4# 4 47 4 44 47 #7# 0144444 "4-4 01447, 4%44 01401-::- 444-7 #7# 4-8-4H4. - 101 5-29. 4^- tlr# Rn-222 (Bq/m 3) 7RS§ g oi m 71# Tig X|^@5 1 48.1 29.6 48.1 81.4 2 - 22.2 70.3 I AII2I i 3 151.7 59.2 229.4 499.5 i i 4 66.6 37 96.2 81.4 i i i 5 51.8 37 66.6 70.3 i ... 1 f ▼ 79.6 37.0 102.1 183.2 100.5 7isi@a 70.8 35.1 86.9 123.5 79.1 2002 KINS------► This study ------ 7|§i@5 •' 43.3 Bq m" §&% : 39.8 Bqm3 Rn concentration (Bq. m"3) 5-30. 7>4 ^ 4^ ^522] ^52 (2002 KINS) - 102 - 5.3.22 MM MM F# #7) # sj-4-4 Ml##E4 4# ###7l#E4 "I.',- 4 4sH4 44 44 MM # /| # 4## 4 #4 444 :i 44 4# 4 o|o; 4## 44-4 #4#44 -44. c F = ^ eg # #914# 4#4 4# id# #4 4 #4 #7144 4^1"!4o|44^-4 ^ E 4444 #4 zi ^4W4 444E. 444 44 #4 #4# 4-9-4714 4 444A&]& 444 4M444 #44 44#4# 4# 4&7j- 44. 444 4-?- 20004 5444 94 444 44444444#44 s.44# 34 444, 7;H 71444 #4 44 4 ###7l#E 444 4=## 4 40.4 :i #4 4 45 234 44. 44 ^.Ji444# .#44 4444 44 44 44 44#44 -444 #4 444 4# #2,14# 4#44 444 0.49 ±0.12, ##4 0.46 + 0.16 41 4# 44: ^-4- ##& y.4k- 4 4.E lUl4# 44. UNSCEAE 2000 414 440141 #^44 ^57} 444 #4 0.1-0.9. 44 4 #-r 0.2~ 1.044 444 &442. 44. 4 44 444 ## 44 44 444324 4444# 44 4#4 44 714 4##44 44 444 4 4444:; 4-a- 4444. ##444 4 ^-0_ Al#4 #7 ] ^ 4^4 4#4#4 4&4 MMl 7}# e ##=#- 4^-4 4441# 4444 44 4#& #44 4 4. 444 2- 4444# 4#4 44 4%4# 4#44 444# ##444 & A# UNSCEAR 2000&J14414 444# 44 0.4, 44 0.6& 4#4^4. a 5-23. 714-4 4#4444 4###, ###7i#E 4 ##44 EISfeE Xl§4 #g;i4 ggeiii (Bq-nrf 3) (Bq-m" 3) 30±19 19.6+12.8 0.65+0.09 4# 7 3W (10 ~ 61) (6.8-37.5) (0.48 ~ 0.77) 55 ±48 31.9+26.4 0.58+0.03 umu 3 3W (20~ 109) (12.2-61.9) (0.57 - 0.62) 46+15 26.3+11 0.57+0.21 EU a a 5AE 1 35 (17 "84) (8-63) (0.28-0.96) 103 - 5.3.2 3 4 9 7)19 497)19 494) 4# 4-% 4# #7} A] #.&# 4#4E)&4 i\4a) $ 4 ?!- (8760 b) 9 #7V4A9 #4 (indoor) % #4 (outdoor)^ 49-V.# 4 7} # ^E# 44#4. UNSCEAR 9:14444: 47))7|| ^#^99 #4 0.8, #4 0.2a) 41&^# 4 494 944 49 200249# "4# #4 ###9## 9#" 44 44-4 44 4 4 3,8604# 4 #99 44 4#44# ^444 44 0.9 (0.84'0.92). 44 0.1 (0.081). 16)# 44444. 4949 9# 444, #4-44 444 44- 44M 4999 44 44 4^7). ^.# 44444 497)19# 4 44 a.## 4^-#4 49#4 44)149 44. 4#4 444444 4# 2004Vi Radiation protection dosimetry 4 a 4 #5-4 ##°)14 44 494 9# 4# 44 0.3, 164 44 0.22# 44# 4 44-E53). # 4944# 9 ^5-31 4- 4:4 2000# #7)14 44#4994[54)4 444 104 4# 494 ^@#44 4&# 4##4 497)19# 7M4 #94 4-44. # 100 4 4-44- 4# 4)9# ##4) 4)# ## 4# 4&/} 44# #494 #4)4 ### ?#44 497)19 # #### 4)9 9444 Jt 444 44 4)9# # 9 44 444) #4 4## UNSCEAR 497)19 gl# ##4# ##44 4#416 444. 71 a | 01 ggj. 2% % 04 7k *#p a04 §y SA4SS 74#M#H|7I j* 74ssa l —I— 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Aizt [S] 9.4 5-31. 104) 4# 444 3gg #4 44 (2000 #t))#) - 104 - 5.3.2.4 ^SRMl-r UNSCEAR4 4##?) #e#^4 ICRP 65M144 444 4# #4 a. r #7| # 4# #^.M| ###4M1## 4 #44 #M## ^7j^ #444. #4 4 4444 444 444 44& 4#44M1## 4#4# 44 4 44 444 44# 1144 4^4 #4% 4# 114 3 44. UNSCEAR 4 4444144 4#44 #44 f?444 444444# 4##7| 444 4-^444 44#7j 4#4 #^4 ^g; 4#s]^j7 4 #4 4 #4. 19824 UNSCEAR 444444 K# 44 44444 44 (5.54x10 -' J/Bq). 44 #4 #&4# 4444 (44= 2 Sv/J, 44= 3Sv/J), 1 4 44 ^## (#4: 0.8mVh, 4-4= 1.0 m%) 4# #44 4414 44 4444. 19884 UNSCEAR 113.4 ^l#&# #44444 4^#&4 44 -i44 444 #4 4ii7|- e 44# 444 4 S^^4 Ml#4 #44 #4 ## 44 #4# gl # <1144^ 44. 19884 HJ&44 19934. 20004 &3#M14 4& 4# 4 #444## 444# 4# ## 4-##JEM| 444 ^%#7|-#S7|- #4 4^7) Ml # 01 4 (16—> 15 Bq/mJ). KU982) #4: 5.54 x 10 * J/Bg x 2 Sv/J x 0.8 = 8.7 x 10 " mSv/Bg h m ^ #4: 5.54 x 10 ^ J/Bg x 3 Sv/J x 1.0 m#h = 17 x 10 * mSv/Bg h m =* K( 19881 10 x 10 ^ mSv/Bg h m ^ K(1993) 9 x 10 " mSv/Bg h m ^ K(2000) 9 x 10 * mSv/Bg h m ^ ICRP 654 4 4#4:1 $1# 4#44#4 44 Ml4# #4### #4 444 g.(4# 4###4 444#)4 ##4#4 ^#^.^.#4 #44 #44## 4# #3. 44. ICRP 60M1 44 44 #&4# # 4MI (444 4 + 4444 444, #44 4Ml)# #44: 5.6 X 10 ^/mSv, 4#4: 7.3 x 10 ^ ZmSv44. 44 4# #4#M| 44 #4 4# 4- 4M|# #444 444 2.# 8.0 X lOVmJhm^ 4 4. 444 4MI4 44M14 44 4# #4# 4## #&4## 4#44#4M| 44 444 #4 44 4 # 44. - 105 - 444444= - 44% / [#@1j##/#24% = [#.#4 4/4# 44% = 1.1 [mSv (mj • h • m 3) !] ; 4 4 7! = 1.4 [mSv (mj • h • m "') v| ; 44 ”4 444 4^44 F=0.4, 4444 44=2000h, 44=7000h, 44#444 5.56 x 10^ (mj-h-m4/(Bg-h-m4& 4444 44 4##431## 444 #4 4 44. K (#44): 7.95 x 10 ^ mSv/Bghm 3 K (4471): 6.11 x 10 h mSv/Bg-lvm 3 44=44 444 444 44 2# 4# 444& 443. 44 4#3] 4- 4 4 444 ##4 44442 44 44 9124 444 4# 44& #4# 44 44 #444# 44444 4##431#4 444?) 4^2 444 4 # 44 #24442 UNSCEAR #2^14 4-^0] 444 4# 44= 444 4# 4444 4#4 4444 42# 444 4 #2444# #4 44 444 44 44444## #244 4#4 444^4. 4 44 #444 #4 444 4# #2444444447l##44 #44 2002424 "4# #4 4##2#4-#2? 4## 442#4 44^^ 4##2 # 4^4 ## xj-g. #### ^#4 444 4^# 4#3j#. 4444. 444431## UNSCEAR44 4144# 4##44(&5-24 4#). a 5-24. 444^M 424 4 44440I CH521 d|2 EMI El oir 51 qin E1E#E XI «g 7I51S5 Bq/m 3 KINS gg&JXl 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.2 UNSCEAR 2000 !WS#4X1 9 x 10 6 mSv/Bg-h-m 3 - 106 - 5.3.3 .'H-oll °] # ^ # #7] 44 5.3.2.r#44 ^144 ^ tl##4 44 44 4000 4 4 44 4-4 tHNl 4 4# 44-ft #4 4^-6'^i;- 20004& 4#^& # 164 4^4 4 4 4 r. f44 4 ^44 444 #4 25-254 4 4444. 40004 444 44 44 44 444&S 4^45^ 58.6 + 19.8 Bq/m'\ 44^4^ 44.1 +15.3 Bq/m\ # 444 43.4 Bq/n#A.',l 4444. 44 443. 44:&-44 log-nonnal4-2# 444 4 44 4 iM] i#t] 4 4^ if 4 #4&4 44 4 44 4443-4 #4 44 4 44914. 44-4 44 4J'4t 2002#5 KINS 3.:i44 4^44 ^3 4 #444 4--':i. 10004 4 44 4^4 43gl* 3.44 (2002 KINS, 4#4?f 53.4Bq/m'\ 43.3 Bq/m*, 39.8Bq/m4. Zisi4 1000 4 ^44 44 -^S7]- 4$4 3000 4 4 43.4 a44 ^3^-@r ^7M-#4. 5 25. 44# 44. 44, 23M TJj 7M- 4 4^3 4^^ Sir B# XI51 X| 61 01 ^EH a 5A1 Eg! 21 3^ 33 3x1 33 3X1 XIS (213) (Bs) (Bq/m 3) AIS^SAI 985 192 686 42.6 10.3 35.45 8.09 33.34 ¥434 A| 366 81 266 36.9 6.0 31.02 4.42 31.40 CH334AI 247 53 158 42.9 5.2 36.15 3.76 37.58 2JS34AI 247 61 228 44.1 10.3 36.23 8.83 36.52 3^34A| 135 32 106 57.5 7.9 48.16 4.71 47.04 CH444AI 137 32 118 52.0 7.7 43.23 4.70 41.49 3434AI 101 23 62 38.9 8.3 32.74 5.67 35.27 3315 894 205 704 59.8 21.3 47.99 17.66 46.05 3S5 148 42 203 74.5 22.3 59.26 18.50 57.98 SS^E 146 40 166 89.7 62.6 59.07 30.02 55.20 SS35 184 54 213 76.1 24.1 59.48 13.21 59.55 SBl^E 189 54 224 79.1 27.0 63.28 20.18 66.32 SB1B5 199 61 238 72.4 29.3 54.66 18.20 55.38 34^5 272 77 281 61.9 37.1 47.24 17.90 46.86 3335 297 78 295 53.5 17.0 42.40 11.61 38.34 All ^5 51 12 56 56.1 20.7 44.09 13.06 41.17 S3 4598 1097 4004 58.6 19.8 45.16 12.53 43.77 a20ooy 01?, ^Si # SAh ng (S°l XhE.|OilA1 yss) - 107 - 2* & 4444 44 4 44 4* *2* 4* (46Bq/m\ 44 (20 Bq/m4, 4# (16Bq/m4 #44 #44 ^44 44 44 ** 444, ## 44 445. (120Bq/m4, #414 (108Bq/m')4 444 4^4 444, 712 (57 Bq/m4 2## (62Bq/m4. 44 (50Bq/m44 #4% 44* 44444(5.4 5-32 #2).#45-33 4 5 34}± 4, 2# 44 * 44 4**2# 444 444. 44 4** #4444 *2#24 4424 *42 4 442 444 4 444 4 4 4** #7}*** 4 * 44. *4. 44 . *4 #4 471:444 e}**27} 4 #444 44 4 #44* 4 4* 444#4#4 4*#*44 444 #4 4 * A) O)] A) 4* 4#*244 # 4444# #4444 444 20004 * 71#* #4 44* 44## 4* 4 44444 4-7 *2* 4# 4= 444. 44 #4 4 4* *2# 4 44*2 # 4*44 44 4 7144* 4# *2# 4*471# °1* 55 26-4 #4 44 4 414 4#4. 44 4 3" 4 4# 4*4 4 444.1 Bq/m^4 441 4 5% 427} 4* 41.9Bq/m^4 4* 4444. 4* 4**7}- 4* ^-6) 4#A)o))A^ ^} \,A # #4 4 ^24 4-7) o)|^o)i:}. Finland Sweden France Korea India Germany USA Japan Country #4 5-32. *7M 445 44 4* *2 - 108 - 100 Arithmetic mean 5-33. 9? # i § # # I £ § ^ # § rc 5 co / / // 1 O 1 3 f / / u // o (T zi^ 5-34. ^ M3M$) - 109 - 44# 4? 4# -g-#4- #5-244 44# 4 44444 44 4&4& 4-§-44 444 44 ## 4#444. Ei„w,r (tw 444# 4## 4) - Qi - Fi - T] - K - 41.9 11 >( | m l x 0.4 x 0.8 x 8760 [h/y] x 9x10 b [rnSv/Bq • h • m -i] = 1.06 [mSv/y] E,,ut(Wr (44 4##4) = Q2 - F2 - T2 - K = 22.0 [Bq/W] x 0.6 x 0.2 x 8760 [h/y] x 9x10 " [mSv/Bq • h • m ''] = 0.21 [mSv/y] Etotal — Eindoor + Eoutdoor ' 1.27 [mSv/y] 44 4# ##4 4# 44## 44€ 40004 #44#44 4^4 4&4 # ^444 4444 4# 4#4 ^^4 #a#4 4#4# 44 4#444. 344 #4 4# ##4 4#4# 10;)] 44 44- #384- KINS #44# # ^=#44 444 4a4 #44444 444 44 4#4 44 #.'6 4 #&44 4#44 #44#4 4#4#4 4# 4 4# #4 44 44 4##a# 4 4444. 4#4 4 44 #4444 #44 4#4 4 4 144 4^4 #a#4# &S-264 3#5-354 44444. #4 1.27 mSv/y# 444#4 44a 44 4 l.79mSv/ya 43.4# #44447|- 0.93mSv/ya 444# #44. 4444 44# #a#4 ## 44=# 4# %=#4 ## #M 4444 #-##, ###, #44# 4444 1.5mSv/y 444 #44. 4 St# UNSCEAR 2000 #3 44 444 4 44 W 44 #^4 4# 44 4#44 #44 4#4 4= 24 ^# 444. 4# #4# 4# %=#4 22Bq/m^#a 4 44 M lOBq/m^l 44 24 4# 34 4#44, 444 ## # 4 #443 a##7j- ## 4444 #4 4# 444 3444. 44# #A444 4 444 4### #44 4444# 4#44 as-264 444 #84 414444. 4#4 441 # 4 #44 1# #4 444# #444 a# 4 59,000 man-Sv/y# # #34 3. 4 44 4a# 4#4 4# #444 4= 27,700man-Sv/y4 24 4#, ### 4#4 4# #444 4= 66man-Sv/y4 8404 44 4444(3#5-36 #34. - 110 - A 5 26. fKM TT&id ^LH *J2| mn 21E31# eiE^g Eg E1SWE Bq/m3 Bq/m3 mSv/y Bq/m3 mSv/y mSv/y man-Sv/y AiS^lAI 35.3 8.1 0.89 26 0.25 1.14 11189 ¥A1S^AI 30.5 3.8 0.77 16.7 0.16 0.93 3389 CH¥#«AI 35.7 3.8 0.90 28.5 0.27 1.17 2892 ojSS¥A| 35.4 5.6 0.89 26 0.25 1.14 2810 SES^AI 48 4.7 1.21 23.5 0.22 1.43 1935 CHSm^AI 43.6 4.3 1.10 14.2 0.13 1.23 1691 #61#^A| 31.8 5.8 0.80 16.7 0.16 0.96 969 3AIE 45.1 13.3 1.14 26 0.25 1.39 12363 S1SE 60.5 15.8 1.53 27.5 0.26 1.79 2644 SS^E 52.3 21.2 1.32 27.5 0.26 1.58 2305 isys 56.7 14.6 1.43 27.5 0.26 1.69 3112 SEI^E 53.4 15.8 1.35 23.5 0.22 1.57 2967 SBMeIE 52.3 15.8 1.32 23.5 0.22 1.54 3070 a^gE 42.9 10.6 1.08 21.3 0.2 1.28 3492 3«¥E 40 7.9 1.01 16.7 0.16 1.17 3463 HI EE 41 12 1.04 30.6 0.29 1.33 676 2g 41.9 13.5 1.06 22.0 0.21 1.27 58967 - 111 National mean 1.27 mSv/y 1.8 - 1.5- 0.9 - UU 0.6 - 0.3- 5-35. ^ ## 14000 -r National total 12000- 58967 man-Sv/y 10000- 5 6000- UJ 4000 - 2000 - 5-36. <9# 112 - 5.3.4 5 #4) 44 4# #4 '^RnOE4)# 444 7} 4##44134 4 a #4#55 45 #44 '-Rn 4 w)4 i'H-?- 44 4#'Hi u| o\4 #444# #444.4#7) s.4 4 44 4# A. 4 4%}/) 44 44 #-#7} 71]# #1]#/) iA4i:- }^0) -’■•! §#7}#5 (Equilibrium equivalcni thoron concentration; EETCHZ 4 4 #443-- 9)4 4.4 4 44. } 44444 44.5 3=7}A] A> -§- 7) Passive type4 414- 54 7}# 4 4# IE 4 4 7} 444 44-. 4 4#4#*1444 44 450 4 44 44 5}'' i) '. 3} %}jk 44 444 #%94%54 :i 44# as 27:?} 44. 4#R] 7)5} 44 lb 4 #5#4 444 5.3.2.1347] 34!4 4# #5 4#44 4- i '?! 44. 44 444.7H14444445#E] #4^4 4 3b 4 # 4 4 # #^44*4 54: 4 4- 4 4 IE 7'} 0 Bq/m'#l 4 44* 1 4 4) #44-. 44-7} 7)e}## 4# 4 4 4 3 #4 #5 # #lb#s) 4 r 0.1, 5€:- 7}^ 4 4 r 0.01 Bq/m" 55 4=444 #7}4: 1- 444. 4 44 4 - 4##4# '1443- 4o)4| e 44# 5$}o_u 1, 0/ ^ 4 3 -Yt 44 444.^4 4# 38.7 Bq/m 44 7.3 Bq/m', 5#7}^^5 4#0.8 1 >t 1 III . 4 4 0.5 Bq/n# 444. '4^4-* V. 5#4 444 5#4 10 B,q/m' #5*1 444 #4. Z%44 5# 4 s.#4^4 $1# 4fL#4#7} A) UNSCEAR ^.Z.44^^ ##4 4444 4#4 4447)- #o} s#.%)-^o) c^- 4444 4,& 444 445&i-4 444 444 44 #57} #44 4# 4 45-4 5##57} 44 44)4 44 44 444 #54 #7}4# m^-4 Emd,x,rTh = 0.3 [Bq/m^](EETO x 0.8 x 8760 [h/y] x 40x10 ^ [mSv/Bq - h - m "] = 0.084 [mSv/y] Exit&«r.Th = 0.1 [Bq/m^](EETO x 0.2 x 8760 [h/y] x 40x10 " [mSv/Bq - h - ir4] = 0.007 [mSv/y] 444 EETC# 44)4 4# #54 4###44# #45 444 4#- 5# EEC #54# #44 444 44 #4 4#4# #44, 5#x}^4 44# 7}#54 q)^- 4 4##44"5# 4nSv/Bq-h-m^# 4#4#4. EETCmdmr = 40 [Bq/m^] (^Rn) x 0.4 x 0.02 = 0.3 [Bq/tn] EETCoutdonr = 10 [Bq/m4 (^Rn) x 0.6 x 0.02 = 0.1 [Bq/m^] - 113 - & 5-27. 4 4^ #4, 3=44 3 # 44 5#y S#4 EEgE(Bq/m3) E(Bq/m3) Ol -Ea EAf . Eg E§l 3 (S) xi a a# 7I8I a# 7|5| S3 @3 S3 S3 AjSSSAI 9850000 1920000 51 50.3 6.4 0.9 0.6 gasyxi 3660000 810000 18 26.8 10.2 0.7 0.3 m?#yAi 2470000 530000 11 23.2 5.5 0.8 0.6 siss^ai 2470000 610000 21 31.2 5.5 1.0 0.7 SES^AI 1350000 320000 8 23.8 16.5 0.6 0.5 CHaSyAI 1370000 320000 16 32.1 6.7 0.7 0.5 sas^Ai 1010000 230000 6 20.0 5.8 0.6 0.4 SSE 8940000 2050000 78 34.6 7.4 0.9 0.6 g1SE 1480000 420000 41 46.5 7.0 0.9 0.6 SSgE 1460000 400000 27 64.5 7.0 1.1 0.8 §gy e 1840000 540000 31 49.3 6.7 1.0 0.7 aygE 1890000 540000 35 53.8 11.6 1.3 0.9 aaiSE 1990000 610000 33 38.5 11.0 0.7 0.5 s&gE 2720000 770000 35 29.0 5.4 0.9 0.4 ssse 2970000 780000 33 30.8 4.9 0.6 0.3 XII EE 510000 120000 6 65.2 7.1 0.5 0.4 a3 45980000 10970000 450 38.7 7.3 0.8 0.5 a 20004 43, #4 # &4 4 a (44 4444 S#4#4 414- #^49=##4# 4nSv/Bq-h-m^# 4## 4 4^7).# 4^# 44 4414c UNSCEAR 2000 3.JL44 ^4 4# ^ %# 4-8-44 JS.#4#4 ^^#7)-^E# 4#444 #44 S#4#^^a. s#4# 4 ^#4^51# 4&4I444. 4- 4#4)4c 4 f 4"4& a." 4-8-44 44 44# #444 &5-284I 4144^4. Emdoor.Th = 41.9 [Bq/m^] (^Rn) x 0.4 x 0.02 x 0.8 x 8760 [h/y] x 40x10 ^ [mSv/Bq • h • m '] = 0.094 [mSv/y] Emdoor.n, = 0.52 [Bq/m^](EETO x 0.8 x 8760 [h/y] x 40x10 ^ [mSv/Bq - h - m ^] = 0.147 [mSv/v] - 114- tN -'r 41 4" # 4. M## UNSCEAR 2000 mxi44 ^4 #41 W 4&g--r-Ei I 4##m444 ^i# 4^r^2E# 4#: -44 44 444m 4 44 4&4 4 St me 4445; 4-44 44 4 4444 44 & 4 4 444 T' 94: 44 4 4444. 4^4&5 284 4 # 4 4^4 flsM-E, 444444 0.2mSv/y44A& a4 444J1 4-4444, ^44^, 44^ 44 4 44 44- H44. 44 me ^ Ja^444 4^4 4444 UNSCEAR 2000 mxi44 444 0.007mSv/y# 44 4 4 44 -frM# mm 4f4jix^ 44. 4-4-4 44-^4 m#4 44 4, 414 44 -8-&4#4 4 44 4?# 4#9&& 41 44 0.122mSv/y, 44 0.007 mSv/y m 444 0.129 mSv/y 444 4 44 44444 4 5900 man Sv/yi 444. & 5-28. 44# 4## 44 s#4^4 ^ #3@ el LU 4£E4 A!LH mex(e°i eec me ^LH @5 oisoa teEOil 2ie x)ewEoii ye mg £(g 4E @9S44E me x)ggE (Bq/m 3) (Bq/m 3) (Bq/m 3) [mSv/y] [mSv/y] Ai##^A| 35.29 0.28 0.55 0.079 0.156 461#^A| 30.46 0.24 0.30 0.068 0.083 cums^Ai 35.74 0.29 0.55 0.080 0.154 2JS4^A| 35.35 0.28 0.73 0.079 0.205 ams^Ai 47.99 0.38 0.45 0.108 0.126 CUSS^AI 43.59 0.35 0.48 0.098 0.134 g^S^AI 31.79 0.25 0.42 0.071 0.116 axim 45.08 0.36 0.62 0.101 0.174 asm 60.49 0.48 0.63 0.136 0.178 SSgE 52.27 0.42 0.77 0.117 0.217 SS^E 56.72 0.45 0.71 0.127 0.198 sygE 53.41 0.43 0.94 0.120 0.264 ayyE 52.32 0.42 0.48 0.117 0.134 3&4E 42.90 0.34 0.44 0.096 0.122 a^wE 39.97 0.32 0.33 0.090 0.093 XII mE 41.04 0.33 0.38 0.092 0.106 41.90 0.34 0.52 0.094 0.147 - 115 - 4|44 4 4 44 5.4.1. 4&444 4 4 SL 45444 4^44 44 44-4 a.4 2.4 44 4#44 44 4 #4 #4 4 #44 4/144 4:&4-§-S3. 44 44 444 4 #4 44 4#4#ss #44 4. ##44 44 44## 4S4 ##444 #44 4# 44# 4# 4&7} #4sM ^'44 55 294 #44 UNSCEAR 2000 3.2^^ 4&4 4# #54# 4’ >1#4-4 #444 ■;- v!i- °1 4 54 4 444v- 4#4 444 -0 444 4. 44444 4s 30 - 40 °4 4 4#ss 544 S# 44 44 44 4 #4 4 @H 32nSv/h. #444 44 5.3nSv/h& # 37.3nSv/h4 4##4 S@4 4 44 4# 44 4# 4 4412- #444 44 0.28 mSv/y, 0.046 mSv/y %■ 0.326 mSv/y 4 444. S4 ##44 44 #444#4 44 44s 4 4#44# 4-s 4 7144 c ##4. UNSCEAR 1993 3.24 [15]4 444 "CS#4 12wSv, ^Na&# Bl 0.15pSv, #12S#Bl 0.01 uSv. 'BeSS#El 0.03 pSv* 44 444-9-3. 444 4, #444 44 4 44 W #54^ss 0.0lmSv4s# 4444. 444 4 #44 44 # 44 #54## 44 0.34mSv44 44 444#55# 4 15,000 man Sv/yi 444. 5 5-29. 4#4444 44 ##4 441-4 4s4 45 Effective dose rate (nSv h 1) Latitude (degrees) Directly ionizing Neutron component TOTAL component 80-90 32 11 43 70-80 32 11 43 60-70 32 10.9 42.9 50-60 32 10.0 42.0 40-50 32 7.8 39.8 30-40 32 5.3 37.3 20-30 30 4.0 34 10-20 30 3.7 33.7 0-10 30 3.6 33.6 - 116 - 5.4.1 2 2#] # # #- f A) ## A)# #44 2)4-4 ##4 es#4 437 # e/HHr 444^23 44 ")6g 4 4 4444 44:- #44 444 44JE #44 4442- 44. 44 4 45M144 4444 444 444 4923 44 444 #44# ^4444. 44 444'i #4^"4-6' #T4 4445) “ #44##4#42"# #344 1307# - 7 '# M 24##447-4# 1JttJ- 7'}##[55 58]. 2001# 4 @# #9l #4 o| 91 # #4# G I#44 1307# 2#2 #,4 44 #23 ##42 #4 #44##4 ?I##44 #4-4 1 % ##23 ###7) 4#4 a 3# #44#447 Hr 4 #4 #4 4<=-3 #444#. 24 #447} 4# ##4###€1-424, 4# 4 #7)-4 4 #6^0# A^o 1 4^1#TC 44#7) # 2.7. 4 #44 4# 4##1: #4#4 #7 )-% 44. 4 ^ 7# 4 %-4 #47} 4 2##, -1 #492.414 #4 CARI @# 7)144 2#^# #4(20014, 901 MV)# 4444 2## 44-444 ##444 [59]. 44 #44 #44 444- 4 iiJi4 4 ##44 "##4 44 4 # #^]# w]^22 ### 4444 4^ 44 ^ ##4447]-" ##B# 4 2# # 44-. 44 444 444# 444 @#44=923 #44# ###4 44 4# 444^444 20014 a- ##23 136 man Sv3 H]#4%[4-. 4 4# 4# 4 4# #4 4 4#4423# 4# 0.012mSv4 @#444, 44 14 #23# 44 4 # 0.003 mSv4 4444. #4#2#%k 136man-Sv# ##] 7 ]-4#A).A) #&44 4&444 444 4@# 44 37 # ## &444 413444 #4# 44444 #444 44444-4 4 # 4# 4444 66man-Sv4 244 @#444. 4, 24 4 423 91 @# #7]-3 4 #4# ### 4## 44 4444 4# #444 #44 4#44& #44 # o] 4-. 44 4####4 44442 ### @#44^4 444 ;D44 4#4 4444 #4 444:5# # 4# 4#7)- 4#. 4# #4 g 244 #4 44#4# 4#4# 4 4944## 44-2 7]-# 4# 14 #44 4 80uSv# 444 22 4# 4 2mSv# 4##224 ^A] 44 4# ###2# 24# #. #44 444 4-r# #### 7#44 4@##5 4^^-r-4# #47>#s. 4 #4 #44 ##23. #^44 ;#44# ^ 44# #4# #4)4# 7##& 4 #27)- ### 24 #4. 117 - 45^ ^4# ## 4## ###44# ##4 44 4 #4 4444 ^ #7#J, 4A4 44 4 4#44 5.e 4^4# 444 444 #4-44 ^#44 #ol7]-3. 44. 44914 4444 444444 4444 4544 1444 444 4 4 #4 4- 444444 4 4 44, 4444 444 444 44 44, 4# 4 #44 4 4 4^4 4"44 44 4## # # 44. 4 4444# 4# 444 4#4 _%44 4 4444# 444-3. 4- 444 4# #443_&4 444444 44 # 4 44#4 444# 44 4# #3:44# A5-304 4443. 4# UNSCEAR 2000 &3LA^4 4^1 ^4gl4 42444. # 5-30. 4444444 #4 444 44 #A4# 4 44 #4- #%4#44 ti]H Annual effective does (mSv/y) ouUi CC ul uXpCSUI u World Korea Average Directly ionizing and photon component 0.28 0.28 Cosmic Neutron component 0.046 0.10 radiation Cosmogenic radionuclide 0.01 0.01 Total 0.34* 0.39 Outdoor 0.11 0.07 External terrestrial Indoor 0.89 0.41 radiation Total 1.00 0.48 Uranium and thorium series 0.006* 0.006 Inhalation Radon (222Rn) 1.27 1.15 exposure Thoron (220Rn) 0.13 0.10 Total 1.41 1.26 40k 0.23 0.17 Ingestion Uranium and thorium series 0.011 0.12 exposure Other nuclides 0.0001 Total 0.24 0.29 Total 2.99 2.4 * This value is not evaluated in this report due to the absence of measured data. Thus these values were cited from UNSCEAR 2000 report. - 118 - oM 21^5 37°IH # -r 4 #4 4444444 4% #4 444 # 4# # 344# 4 3mSv4 444. 4 # 4# 4 344 #44 44 44444 1.41 mSv ^33 444 4 47% 3 3# 4444 44 e 44# 443. 44444 l mSv, 444 O.MmSv, 44# 44 0.24mSv #4%4. 4# UNSCEAR 2000 3 3444 4 44# 44 4444 4#44 345 384 44. 44] 4444444 44 434 4 2.99mSv/y# 4 4 ^5/ 4344 2.4mSv/y4 u|4 4 25% 43 4 4# 344 4# 444 4434 4444 44 44 # #44 44-4 4 4 4#^l 44444 44 434 4 433 34 44 4 4# 3%4. 444444 44 ^.o A^2| 3444 44 444 #44 # 4 4444#4 #44 4MI 4^4 0.41 mSv/y34 2"8 4 4 ## 0.89mSv/y4 4# 344. 4# 4 344 #44 44 44 34 4 10 % 43 ## 4# 3 44. 44 4# #3# 4#4 gM%34 444 3# 24 4 4 ## at# 3% 44 444 #44 44444. 344 44 4# #34 4# #4 4444 4 44 44 4 44 4 44 444 34# 44 4. 444 4# # 4 4# 4 444 4 44 4# #3 #4 4 4344 4444. #4# 444 44 4#4 4# 4 4 #4# 444 444# /Ml 44 4444 3M e 44# 34 # 434 4<4 44 444 444# 44#4. #4# # #4#4 3# 444 44# 4 #4 4 4 444 4/II 4#gM 44 1/10 #33 4# gl# 34#4 4# 44 #33 44##34 4444444 # -*Pb, ^"Po 4#4 44 #4gl4 #44 4 P^4 4#4 4. 119 - /// // J s n ff * f / f Terrestrial Inhalation is / Ingestion Cosmic 5-38. 444444# 44 M 4444444 44 4-si 444 # 444^=^- 44 144 "@1} 44 2]4- 4 &444 2.99mSv42. 44# 44 #M|7|- 444 200044 4? 4 459844 & 7ieo.& ^4& Ml 137,600 man-Sv4 #44. 4* ^ 4f M|3# # 4#Ml Ml4 4 444 44 ^ 4 3-# 44444= (44 66manSv/y, 27,700 manSv/y) 4 4a #4 444 4=M| MI444 4 Ml f4 444 #tr 444 4 83%M| 4:4 4. - 120 - 491 44 #4 4 #44# 4 # #f 44 44 #e] #44 s)#e} 4 343 4 4444# ##e}3 4# DD4 434##4 4 #4 4 44 444 44 44 #44^ 444 44444. 4 4 444 4# 44444- 4 2844 4444 7}4#44 4# 4 4#&4, 444, 4^ 4&# 4#44.4. 44X4 44 4444 4444 4#44#%4 44 4## 44#4 ^14 444 4444 444^-4 4#444#44#444 4## 444. 44 44?} ^44 3^# 444^ 20024# 4#^-^ 444 % 44# 4 #44 #444 527334 4%-* 4 4#4 3444# 66.4man-Sv%3 /H4 4 44 44 44# l.26mSv44. 44 #44 #^ES-44 441 #44 # 44 o-l.2mSv4 44# 4# #444 4#4 44 80% 3^# 4444 #4 444 4# 44444 4# 4# 3-°-# 4444#4 444-4444- 4444 44 #444 4444 4# 4444 4&H 44 20mSv 444 44# 4# 4 43 44 # 4# 3## 44-44. 3# 444## 2044 343# 444 4 #44 4# 3#3 4444. 44444 #4 #44 #414 4444 4#44 44 #4 4## 44 20mSv 44--# 7 ] a.4; #44 44 15044 7}#ji 44 44 50mSv ^14# 7]#.# #444 234#3 444-Z 4.4 4 4 4#44 4# 4 44 44# 34# #33# 7)i7iel-^4. 47 }^#^ #444# 44-4M3 4 #47}4 44 434 4 44 20mSv 44# 4#4^ 44 4 #44 44 4# 34# 3#a}3 44. 4# 444 3# DB4M* 7H444 444# 44 44 4443 44 #4^1-4 #4. #44 #4 #444 4#4 433-4 447} TENR4 4# 444 4#7} 3#(## #44, 44 #44 #M 44 #444 4 444/} #7 }^ #334. 447} 444 4# 4&7} 444444 c||aH4^ 43444 44 3#34#%334 44 444^- 3 44 7}^.^ 47}4^#4 44 ##443#44#4#7} 444# 244 443 44 44 7}&A|]7)i^ 44 444 434 4#444 44 44444 44#4 444 4444# 44# 4 43-9-3- 444# 44 44# &43-JZ. 44 44 7H44 43# 33^. 444 4. 4&# 4# 7}& 44# 444-44 31 44# #4# # 997H4 43-^44 7}4sal# 4'r-i'-, 343344#7}44 #4 44 DB4 20034 1# 4# #44 #7)14 7l^# 4#44 3#43-3- 3 44-# #4#33_4 3-4443-4 4413. - 121 4 4 4# #3 4.3# #71-444. #4 4 3# 4#4^ 4# 7] #a# 4&# 444-7^4 a. 44414 #71-44 ##44Ji 4& 434 ##44 #4##=# #71-444. =i ## 44 #44#=# #444# 22880 man Sv, 4 -i 4 4560 man SvS-4 :£- 27440 man Sv 44#--4 44 14 4 4## 43#4#### 0.58mSv44. ###4444 7)]4 ## ##=4 0.48 mSv.3# 44 4 4& 4444 44# 4#444. 43i# 444# 7|j4#^^ 4 4444& 4## 43-4 444 4#44 44 44 44#4 4&44 4-0- #4 #4 44 4444 #44 444. :i #44 4&4 444 #44# 27440 mail Svt: 4 4 444 #44# 66 man Sv0)) 4 a# 4004 4 3.4 #4# .¥„ # # #4#- CT #44 #4##=43 5400man-Sv4 433. 44. 4#6 ## 4 #&# 4# #44# #44# 44# 444 #3-444 4M#3 43.4# 444 ###47]- 444 m#4 ##[!]& 3444 4Ƽ 4# #4^14 # ##4# 43#4 ##44 ^7)44. #4 4##4 TENR4 4# 44- # 44434# 34 4#33 44 ### 4 4# 4 444 #4# #7}444. #44 #4x}g.g_-^-El #7}# 4444# #444 ###4 4## #4- 444444#(FAA)4 7|)44 4# # ## #4# 47 } 35. CARI 6# 4444 ##4 #3.### 4444 #71-444. # US?)) 344 44 4###4 4343. #3.##& #71-444. 47} ^4 ^^4 4 4# #4# 4### 2.96 mSv. 4#### 2.28mSv33 4-4-##. 4 n44 4444 4# 4# ##=434 imSv# #444 #43-3 ###-9-44 4 JX. # 444 4#4 #4#4#Ag. #^#)4 4# #4# 4" 444. 794 ##-# %# # #4"# M4 #3.44 ^443 4## 4# #-T-#4 ##3.3. 4#7|- ^ ##### ## 4^4 ImSv# &44# #3# 44#3.# ^1443 43.<8| 44 ## A] 7>-g- >]) 444 E47j- #3# #0.3 4444. ###?-#4 0} 443 ###- gM44#4 #4# 4#M# #4 4# 4##)^ 4# ImSv# & 444 4## # 43.5.3. 4# 44 44# 4443. #r^444= # #o!4. 4 # #44 ad44493.3. 44 #4 ^"44 #4### 136man-Sv3. 44#:3.# ## 4 ## 7H4##=4 0.012 mSv, 44 ##- ##=4 0.003 mSv3 4444. 3# 4#44 4#j 44 444 4# 444# #4### #44 44# & 6-14 45.4 4# 3-44 #4 3 #6-14 4. 4# 4# #7 } #4# #-##4# 4 &44 3-#4 #4 44# 4# ## 3.6mSv# 444# #3.3: 4444. 3 # 83.3%4 3mSv4 # 444 4#44 s]# ##=o]4, 16.6%4 0.6 mSv# ##4 #3.# 44 44^4 4444 4&# ####=33# 4 4 4# - 122 - ji 6 1. *4*34 34 343 4*3 *# 4433 4 3 4# 4* *4 (man-Sv) 3$33(mSv) (%) 444 ^ 34 28.9 0.0006 0.02 4234 37.5 0.0008 0.02 433 434*4(4*3)" 13.2 0.0003 0.01 *4 80 0.0017 0.05 X3 22880 0.4976 13.86 4&3 344 4560 0.0992 2.76 *7fl 27440 0.5968 16.62 **3(43)" 15633 0.3400 9.47 4444 45980 1.0000 27.84 *3 64832 1.4100 39.26 43333" *31- d) 11035 0.2400 6.68 3^33(**3)" 136 0.0030 0.08 *4 137616 2.9930 83.34 31 165136 3.5915 100.00 a) 443 34?] ^7|-a. f*3 33^1 #3 34a]4 b) 4* 4 34 3^4 *334 4*3 ^?144 **#. c) 43 **3 44* *4344 9M 4^ ^|*4* 3<34 ^ 4*# d) 4* *4# %! S# 3*«9*4 44#* #3 #4 3&4 44& *4"^. e) a)|a] 4 444 #4°M id41# *7j.^o] 4* 3^3 4 4fr *33%*. 33 #4)# 4434". 4*4 4333 4*3# 433 4*# 0.1% 3334. o| #4# 4*4 %}&# u]jzsM *44 3* 4^3 4*3 434* wl*3 4* 4-41 444*3 3* 43443 44 **3 4$3 444 44 *23 4&3 44 44 *4324 3 #2* 4^4 44 4?M 444 44. 444 34 4 44# a.7)g. 4444 344 343 444 34 43 3444 # 4 3 44 23* 4 44. 234 33 43)4 344 34 444-2.3. 344 43# 37}4-44^ 33314 434 &# 42* 4344. 344 4*3# 4&* 4# 343)4 4* *### 4334*4 3^1-. 44- 43344 443 34* * 4-3-2 #442. 43 3#3]4 #7)-# 4344=4- 3 #4-4 *4434 4*43 4*434 331 4** 4^^4 ## @14 ##4 #34 334. - 123 - > r(fi ojx u & vi OSH o Kfl r£ rftJ * rjflj ri • oft 4° !l ri r|» ill r|o 00 -Hi & , 0$ 01 rft JEL rlr * nfi, mn # Jt na _a ri (Ujo mjo r|o Ja j£l t5 tflJ JjH o o'I & JB, n# 02, XI 4* aS r4X & r|o jE ±, o2 ' 4H o> tii, *1 HU -5ft J|H ojjl. 1. UNSCEAR, Sources and effects of ionizing radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (2000). 2. 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Santos et al., Daily ingestion of 232Th, 238U, 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb in vegetables by inhabitants of Rio de Janeiro City, J. of Environmental Radioactivity, Vol. 62, No. 1, 75-86 (2001). 40. F.V.Clulow et al.. Radionuclides lead-210, polonium 210, thorium-230, and 232 and thorium and uranium in water, sediments adn fish from lakes near the city of Elliot Ixike, Ontario, Canada, Env. Poll. 99, 199 213(1998) 41. M.N.Alam et at., Radionuclides concentrations in mussels collected from the southern coast of Bangladesh, J. Env. Radio., 47, 210-212(1999) 42. M.J.Vargas et al., Distribution of uranium and thorium in sediments and plants from a granitic fluvial area, Appl. Radial. Isot., 48, 8, 1137-1143(1997). 43. KINS, Distribution of 230Th and 228Th In Food ( I), Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, KlNS/HR-504(2003). 44. KINS, Distribution of 230Th and 228Th In Food (ID, Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, KINS/HR 597(2003). 45. KINS, Distribution of 235 U and 238U In Food (I), Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, KINS/HR-505 (2003). 46. KINS, Distribution of 235U and 238U In Food (ED, Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, KINS/HR-598 (2003). 47. ##^//f##^/fTgV(2002). 48. (2002). 49. A/p/xz M -S/# f&zdorz 3M., 7(1), 17-21(1982). 50. 9(4), 271-277(1993). 51. 1, 317-331(1998). 128 - 52. ICIiP, Protection against raclon-222 at home and at work, International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 65, Pergamon Press! 1993). 53. A. M. Amgunjo et al, A rg-euo/uafion 6/ie rxrupancy jbcfors /or dose estimate in tropical environment. Radial. Prot. Dosim. 112, 259 265(2(X)4). 54. (2000). http://kosis.nso.go.kr 55. tf] ?! •§--/>-, .24. http://www.koreanair.co.kr/ (2003. 9. 15). 56. oj. a] oj-v }-pj ig/-.x/, http://www.flyasiana.com/index.htm (2003. 9. 15.). 57. (2002). 53. (2002). 59. 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Sponsoring Org. Standard Report INIS Subject Code Report No. Report No. No ITRS/TR-2005-6 KINS/HR-643 Title / Subtitle Design and construction of a radiation dose database for Korean population Project Manager and LEE, Jai Ki, Center for Innovative Technology on Radiation Department Safety, Hanyang University Researchers and Department J. Kwon, H. Jang, J. Jung, W. Kim. S. Park, J. Hong, K. Ko, K. Jang (Hanyang Univ.) Publication Publication Seoul Publisher MOST Feb., 2005 Place Date Page 156 p. Fig. & Tab. Yes(O) Size 21.0x29. 6cm Note Open ( 0 ), Restricted ( ), Report Classified Final report Class Document Type Performing Contract Hanyang University Organization No. Abstract (15-20Lines) A database of occupational, medical and natural radiation exposure was constructed to assess status of radiation exposure of Korean population. ORE distributions were obtained in terms of 28 occupational categories, annual individual dose levels, age groups and gender of 52733 radiation workers as of the year of 2002. The total collective dose was 66.4 man-Sv and resulting average individual ORE was 1.26 mSv. Around 80% of the workers were exposed to minimal dose less than 1.2 mSv. However, it appeared that the recorded doses exceeded 20 mSv for some tens of worker in the field of radiology, nuclear medicine and industrial radiography. The estimated number of examinations in a year were 61.5 millions in radiology and 0.56 millions in nuclear medicine. The resulting total collective dose in medical exposure was 27440 man-Sv, comprising 22880 man-Sv in radiology and 4560 man-Sv in nuclear medicine, which resulted in an annual medical exposure per caput of 0.58 mSv. Natural radiation exposure was categorized to terrestrial y-ray, cosmic-ray, inhalation, ingestion etc. and the total collective dose was 131616 man-Sv and resulting average individual effective dose was 2.99 mSv. In summary, as of year of 2002, the average effective dose to Korean population was 3.6 mSv a year. Dominant contributions(83.4%) are from the natural sources to which all the population is exposed. Almost all of the rest of the dose(16.6%) is medical exposure and the contribution of occupational exposure is no more than 0.05%. The less contribution of occupational exposure compared to foreign statistics is attributed to the higher doses from natural sources and the relatively higher medical exposure doses in Korea. Subject KeywordfAbout 10 words) Korean population, occupational exposure, medical exposure, natural radiation exposure, collective doses, average doses, database