Bay Area labor-student aid pact -See pages 6 & 12

A discussion of 50S's youth movement resolution

-See page 8-

Ft. Jackson Gls organ1ze• to exerc1se• their rights Antiwar Gls initiate meet1ngs,• pet1t1ons• •

By Lew Jones FT. JACKSON, S.C., Feb. 13- Do Gls have the right to freely discuss the war in Vietnam? Growing numbers of Gls at Ft. Jackson, S.C., think they do. A petition circulated by antiwar Gls at Ft. Jackson and calling on the post commander to authorize and provide facilities for an open meeting to discuss the war has met an immediate favorable response. More than 400 petition sheets are now circulating all over Ft. Jackson, includ­ ing the basic training area. After only one-and-a­ half days of signature gathering, over 200 sig­ natures have been turned in. The petition requests permission of the Ft. Jack­ son commanding officer to bold an open meeting on the post on Feb. 26 at which all those con­ cerned can freely discuss the legal and moral questions relating to the war in Vietnam and to the civil rights of American citizens both within and outside the armed forces. The petition points out that G Is desire to exer­ cise the rights guaranteed them as citizens by the First Amendment to the Constitution. (See the Feb. 14 Militant for full text of petition.) The petition was initiated by a group calling itself Gis United Against the War in Vietnam. Ft. Jackson is a training base. Gis are sent through basic training, advanced infantry train­ ing and combat-support training here. A high percentage go to Vietnam. The percentage of blacks and Puerto Ricans here is much higher than in the general population. Antiwar senti­ ment is common among enlisted men and it appears to be growing. Gls United has no formal membership and is open to all Ft. Jackson Gis. It has held nightly meetings of 30 to 80 Gis on post in the last several weeks. Most of those attending have been black G Is, a significant number of Spanish­ speaking G Is, and a smaller number of Anglos. The group has issued a policy statement which says in part: "We, as Gis, are forced to suffer most of all in the Vietnam fiasco. Many of us were drafted into the Army against our will- nearly all of us are kept in its grasp against our will- all in order to carry out this illegal, immoral and unjustwar. We are forced to fight and die in a war we did not create and in which we don't believe. "This is not to mention the tens of thousands of innocent Vietnamese who are dying at our . hands, many of them killed only because we can no longer tell the difference between them and Photo b.v Hon Alexander our "enemies." BERKELEY CAMPUS STRIKE. On Feb. 13 members of the Berkeley teaching assistants' Local "And while all of this goes on, the Army con­ 1570, American Federation of Teachers, held an informational picket line at a campus gate where tinues to trample on our rights as well as our picketing by striking students has been banned. The teachers' line was dispersed and 26 were ar­ rested, including Ringo Hallinan, president of local 1570, and Antonio Camejo, executive-board (Continued on page 5) member of Berkeley-public-school AFT Local 1078 and SWP nominee for Berkeley city council. Page 2 THE MILITANT Friday, February 21, 1969

THE MILITANT 'Burn their groves with fire' Editor: HARRY RING Business !\lanagL•r: HEVERLY SCOTT Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003. Phone 533-6414. Second-dass postage paid at New York, N.Y. The Biblical basis land, Pa. His name was Dr. Ro­ Subscription: domestic, $4 a year; foreign, $5.50. By first class mail: domestic bert Spencer. He was 79 years and Canada S10.50; all other countries, $15.00. Air printed matter: domestic old. He figured that he had per­ and Canada, $15.00; Latin America, $24.00; Europe, $28.00; Africa, Australia, of Mid East claims formed 100,000 abortions. Asia (including USSR), $33.00. Write for sealed air postage rates. Signed articles by contributors do nat necessarily represent The Militant's views. These are Dr. Spencer operated in anti­ expressed In editorials. San Francisco, Calif. septic surroundings and never I make the radical suggestion charged more than $100. Edu­ Vol. 33-No. 8 Friday, February 21, 1969 that you objectively and thought­ cated at the University of Penn­ fully read Deuteronomy, Chapters sylvania medical school and the 10,11, and 12. Consider these Rockefeller Institute, he said, "I ancient writings not in a sense always figured a doctor is sup­ of a distracting opiate of religion, This column is an open forum posed to help people, to help the but as a generally recognized for all viewpoints on subjects of living." He became chief patholo­ sociates are now doing, what tasks work of love and art, and most general interest to our readers. gist at the Ashland State Hospital, of Iraq, though few in number, which specializes in miners' di- importantly consider the histo­ Please keep your letters brief. Where are descendants of a Jewish com­ the agencies he was involved with seases. during his stay are now per­ rical content herein. necessary they will be abridged. munity in Iraq that has existed Anyone who does not under­ Writers' initials will be used, names One day, a miner's wife came for 3,000 years there. This makes forming, how he was employed stand the significance of the claim being withheld unless authorization to ask for help. She did not want the Jewish community in Iraq after he left government work by to have the child she was carry­ of Jewish ownership of the geo­ is given for use. older than the Arab community research institutions which were ing. That was his flrst abortion. graphical areas mentioned in in Iraq, which has only existed later uncovered as being CIA­ His reputation soon spread, for these writings has absolutely no in Iraq since about 600 A. D. funded (without attempting to he never tried to hide what he right to make statements one I therefore ask you: Shouldn't prove that Marcuse knew about was doing. He spoke out at every way or another on the current "Then will the LORD drive out the Iraq Jews have the same kind the connection), and by bald as­ forum for reform of abortion laws. dispute between Jew and Arab. all these nations from before you, of community control that you sertions such as: and ye shall possess greater na­ On the East Coast college cam­ advocate for the black people in "Marcuse has never broken these All imperialist powers stink, no puses, he was known asthe"angel matter if they be communist or tions and mightier than your­ the USA? government connections. 'In San selves. of Ashland." I am plainly disappointed in the Diego, he has been the local host capitalist. In thinking of myself In the thirties, having left the as a socialist, I do not include "Every place whereon the soles SWP' s fear of defending Jews when for visiting German scholars, of your feet shall tread shall be hospital, he opened his own clinic. they are right. sponsored by the State Depart­ the Arab countries in the socialist Because of his willingness to go camp by any stretch of my ima­ yours: from the wilderness and I hope you are not afraid to ment,' wrote Herbert Gold in the Lebanon, from the river, the river down into mines to aid injured comment on this note. Saturday Evening Post, Oct. 19, gination. Arab leaders forfeit any miners, he gained the support of further consideration for inclusion Eurphrates, even unto the utter­ Maurice Goldman 1968." most sea shall your coast be. the powerful United Mine Work­ in the socialist brotherhood at the Also in this vein are the labeling "There shall no man be able ers. (The Militant does not condone, of a photo of Marcuse "The G­ time they call for genocide against In 1956, a young teacher died to stand before you: for the LORD but condemns, national oppres­ Man Himself' and captioning a any people. on his operating table. He called your God shall lay the fear of sion wherever it occurs and who­ picture of a demonstration during For "socialists" to approve of the police and told them that the you and the dread of you upon ever practices it. We also know the May.June upsurge in France, N asserite statements, much less girl had died of a freak reaction all the land that ye shall tread that oppressed people can at the "Marcuse got to Paris too late encourage these statements, to sodium pentathol while he was upon, as He hath said unto you. same time persecute other people. to stop the May action." makes me sad, disillusioned, and performing an abortion. At his Chapter 12, verses 2-3: "Ye shall We do not have any reliable in­ Attempts to explain Marcuse's certain of their amoral inhu­ trial, his statement was read, but utterly destroy all the places, supposed "government-agent" ac­ manity. he presented no defense witnesses. formation about the extent and wherein the nations which ye shall character of the persecution of tions include the following ex­ Shalom and Salam, A jury of seven men and flve possess served their gods, upon the Iraqi Jews. We do know that ample of factional venom: T.H. women returned a verdict of "not the high mountains, and upon guilty'' to the charge of performing the capitalist press lies about such "This past summer Marcuse (The following are some of the the hills, and under every green an abortion. matters to whip up hysterical sup­ claimed to have received an ano­ passages pertaining to the terri­ tree: When a county employee was port for its imperialist policies nymous death threat at his Calif­ torial question in the chapters "And ye shall overthrow their asked how this could have hap­ in the Middle East. ornia home. This gave him the cited by T. H. They are quoted altars, and break their pillars, pened, he replied, "There aren't Above all, it is certain that as excuse for his third European according to the King James ver­ and burn their groves with flre; too many people in this county long as Israel remains the em­ tour in one year. TheW ashington sion. and ye shall hew down the graven he hasn't helped." bodiment of the political, military Post (Nov. 10, 1968) reported Jehovah, the god of the Is­ images of their gods, and destroy Constance Weissman and economic might of imper­ that 'he met with Nguyen Thanh raelites, is explaining what is re­ the names of them out that place." ialism in the Middle East, the Le, chief representative of the quired of and promised to his peo­ -Editor) Jews in the Arab countries - North Vietnamese delegation to ple after their escape from slavery and, in the long run, in Israel the Paris peace talks,' thereby in Egypt. itself -will be in extreme jeopar­ lending his still-considerable pre­ Chapter 11, verses 22-25: "For Outstanding doctor dy. stige to the sellout negotiations." if ye shall diligently keep all these The Jews in Iraq Only through a united Jewish­ If the radical movement is not commandments which I com­ Arab struggle against imper­ to witch-hunt itself to death, the burden of proof for such "spy'' mand you, to do them, to love New York City ialism and its primary current charges must be on the accusers the LORD your God, to walk in New York City manifestation in the Middle East­ A hero, especially of women, and not on the accused. And it all his ways, and to cleave unto the state of Israel as it is now died last month 4t a small, played­ I wish to bring to your attention would be better for all concerned him; out mining community in Ash- the historical fact that the Jews constituted-can this danger be reduced. And only through a if none of us let a factional frenzy get the better of us. triumphant socialist revolution in A.M. the region can it be eliminated al­ together. - Editor)

Likes Mailer but How PL 'defeats'

(II you are interested in the ideas of Evansville: YSA, c/o Ronald Hicks, NORTH CAROUNA: Chapel Hill: Adolph not Malachi socialism, you can meet socialists in your 16i9B E. Franklin St., Evansville, Ind. Reed, 108 Hillsborough St., Chapel Hill, opponents' ideas city at the following addresses.) 47711. N.C. 27514. Indianapolis, Indiana MAINE: Brunswick: YSA, c/o Ted Parsons, OHIO: Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 9801 New York City ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Don C ritch­ Senior Center, Bowdoin College, Bruns­ Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44106. Tel: Malachi Constant's review of The February issue of Progres­ Mailer's latest book ("in passing," low, 6929 W. Mariposa, Phoenix, Arizona wick, Maine 04011. 1216) 791-1669. sive Labor contains an article 85033. MASSACHUSETTS: Boston: SWP and Kent: YSA, P. 0. Box 116, Kent. Ohio The Militant, Jan. 31) is a good that makes you think you're read­ example of much that is wrong CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP YSA, c/o Militant Labor Forum, 295 Hun­ 44240. ing some sort of left-wing version with the movement. He has the and YSA, 2519-ATelegraphAve., Berkeley, tington Ave., Rrn. 307, Boston, Mass. 02115. Yellow Springs: YSA, c/o Alan Wold, of Confidential. PL's little expose, right attitude but little else. A Calif. 94704. Tel: (415) 848-9334. Tel: (617) 536-6981. Antioch Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio45387. "Marcuse: Cop-Out or Cop?' tries little knowledge is worse than Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1702 E. Tel: (513)767-5511. MICHIGAN: Ann Arbor: YSA, c/o Bill to accomplish two tasks: 1) to es­ none-his reference to Cuba's po­ 4th St., Los Angeles, Calif. 90033. Tel: OREGON: Portland: YSA, c/o Tonie D'Angelo, 712 W. Huron, •307, Ann Arbor, tablish that Marcuse is a govern­ litical setup only sounds smug, (2 13) 269-4953. Trainor, 5203 S. W. Parrona, Portland, Ore. Mich. 48104. ment agent and 2) to show that not an informed opinion at all, San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor 97219. Tel: {503) 246-9254. Detroit: SWP and YSA, Eugene V. Debs his political ideas and actions can and can only turn off the intellec­ Forum, and Pioneer Baaks, 2338 Market PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP and be best explained by this know­ Hall, 3737 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. tual needed in the movement. It St., San Francisco. Calif. 94114. Tel: 1415) YSA, 686 N. Broad St., Philo., Pa. 19130. ledge. 48201. Tel: (313) TE 1-6135. is not a child's game that we are 552-1266. Tel: (2151 CE6-6998. On the frrst point, it is recalled East Lansing: YSA, P. 0. Box 9251, East playing, after all. San Diego: San Diego Labor Forum, RHODE ISLAND: Warwick: YSA. c/o Nick Marcuse was employed by U.S. Lansing, Mich. 48909. Mailer's book, Why Are We In P. 0. Box 2221. San Diego, Calif. 92112. Stevens, 44 Brinton Ave., Warwick, R.I. government intelligence as a re­ Ypsilanti: YSA, c/o PeterSignorelli,2075 Vietnam? is all about why we are CONNECTICUT: New Hav ..n: YSA, c/o 02889. search analyst during and after in Vietnam, or at least Mailer's W. Stadiun, •1939, Ann Arbor, Mich. Richard Adorns, 332 Sherman Ave., New TEXAS: Austin: YSA, c/o Charles Cairns, World War II-until1951, during opinion of why we are. Maybe 48103. Have~ Conn.06511. 1803 Enfield Rd .. Austin, Texas 78703. the McCarthy period. This is true, Constant didn't read the book at MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, GEORGIA: Atlanta: YSA and bookstore. Tel: 15121476-0850. and unfortunately Marcuse was all-surely he is not informed YSA and Labar Bookstore, 704 Hennepin 187 14th St .. Atlanta. Ga. 30309. Tel: 1404) Houston: YSA, c/o David Shroyer. 1116 no unique case. Radicals under on Mailer's theory of Johnson, Ave., Hall 240, Mpls. 55403. Tel: 1612) 876-3887. Columbus St., Houston. Texas 77019. Tel: Stalinist and Social Democratic Texans and war games. Miami 332-7781. influence did the same_ sort of and the Siege of Chicago has ILLINOIS: Carbondale: YSA. c/o 8i II 1713) JA9-2236. MISSOURI: St. Louis: Phone EV9-2895, thing in relatively large numbers much of Mailer's good writing Moffet. 209 N. Springer, Carbondale. Ill UTAH: Logan: YSA, c/a Sterne McMullen, ask for Dick Clarke. during that period. This last point in it, and it is to be recommended, 62901. Tel: 1618) 549-6214. 763 E. 9th North, Logan, Utah 8432 I. is not made by Progressive Labor. but it is not a good example of Champaign-Urbona: YSA, P. 0. Box NEW JERSEY: Newark: YSA, c/o Walt Salt Loke City: YSA, c/a Shem Richards, Since Stalin is one of PL's heroes, Mailer's writing. It is not "crystal 2099, Sta. A, Champaign, lll61820. Tel: and Andrea Brad. 42 5 MI. Prospect Ave., 957 E. I stAve., Salt Lake City, Utah84103. I'm sure they wouldn't like to clear"; Mailer never is. Barbary 12 I 7) 359-1333. Newark, N.J. 17104. Tel: 12011483-8513. WASHINGTON, D.C.: YSA, c/o Terrill expose his class collaborationist Shore is a heavy, wordy antique Chicago: SWP, YSA and bookstore, 302 NEW YORK: Albony: YSA, c/a Bill O'Kain, Brumback, 180 I 16th St. N. W., Apt. 610, theories by showing what kind of the '50s; my advice is, don't S. Canal St., Rm. 204, Chicago, Ill. 60606. 313 State. Albany, N.Y. 12210. Washington. D. C. 20009. of political activity they lead to. read it. His Cannibals and Christ­ Tel: 1312) 939-2667. Binghamton: YSA, c/o Peter Gellert, Box WASHINGTON: Seattle: SWP and YSA. Progessive Labor goes on to ians is his very with it book and De Kalb: YSA, c/o John Votava, 329 1389, Harpur College, Binghamton, N.Y. 5257 University Way N. E., Seattle, Wash. "prove" that Marucse remained of political interest to his fans N. 1st St., 3rd fl., De Kolb. Ill. 60115. 1390 I. Tel: 16071 798-3977. 98105. Tel: (2061523-2555. a conscious agent of the govern­ and those of the new left interested INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Russell . New York City: SWP and YSA, 873 Broad­ WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, 202 W. Gil­ ment intelligence service after he in reading the greatest American Block, 207 E. 2nd St., Bloomington, Ind. way, New York. N.Y. 10003. Tel: 12121 man. Madison. Wi. 53703. Tel: 16081 256- officially left it in 1951 by telling writer of the 2Oth century. 47401. 982 6051 0857. us what his former intelligence as- D.C. Friday, February 21, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 3

cally oriented adults can relate to the mili­ tant white movement, and which can de­ velop programs that will benefit and gain the support of white working people." There are few clues in the paper as to the meaning of that definition of P& F, but P&F it became clearer at the Feb. 1 conference of the Alameda County Peace and Freedom Party. The conference was attended by ap­ proximately 70 or 80 people, and while there was no discussion of program or analysis of the past election campaign, several new projects were planned. since the The conference decided that as indi­ viduals they should support the oil workers' strike and the Delano grapeworkers' strike, but they did not pass a resolution putting P & F on record in support of these strug­ gles (a strange thing for an organization that aims to "benefit and gain the support elections of white working people"). They decided to launch a campaign to abolish the state income tax; to investigate a stronger alliance with the Black Panthers (there were no Afro-Americans at the Feb. 1 conference); and, in order to curb police brutality, to set up a committee to teach individuals the correct procedures for ci­ By Mary-Alice Waters tizens' arrest so that they can act when When the Peace and Freedom Party suc­ Eldridge Cleaver they witness cops mistreating people! Dave McReynolds ceeded in obtaining ballot status in Calif­ They also decided to run a candidate ornia in January 1968, it was at the zenith status in only 11 states, their decision in the Berkeley city elections this spring, left and build a permanent, all-encompas­ of its political influence. Antiwar activists not even to try to agree on a vice-presi­ but no campaign committee was set up sing radical political movement. from around the state pitched in to help dential candidate. These and other ques­ and no concrete plans were discussed. All To see how far down it's come, perhaps register voters in time for the deadline; tions have been discussed in previous issues these projects were put forward within the the best place to go is Venice, Calif., where radicals and progressives from different of The Militant. However, developments context of considerable demoralization the Peace and Freedom Party has launched milieus became active, many for the first since the elections have, if anything, shown over the weakness of P & F and the need a "community project," the purpose of which time in years; many believed that a new even more clearly the weakness of P & F. to "reestablish" an organization. is "to organize a white community into the political movement was being born. Some of the most revealing comments movement and develop a model for Peace McReynolds' view The California success gave a boost on the present state of P & F are those and Freedom's ability to 'reach,' i.e., con­ in morale and energy to other Peace and Similar cries of discouragement have vince people." that have been made by Peace and Free­ emanated from various other P & F sources Freedom-type groups around the country dom Party members and leaders them­ What is P & F trying to convince people around the country. One of the most illu­ and inspired them to seek ballot status selves. Only one issue of the Berkeley­ of? "To polarize Venice residents by a drive minating came from Dave McReynolds, to free Venice from the city of Los Angeles," also. Even the "more realistic" estimates based Peace and Freedom News has been Peace and Freedom candidate in the 19th suggested that P & F would be on the published since the elections, but itfeatured and establish a provisional government by congressional district in New York City. 1970. That the P & F organizers could be ballot in 25 or 30 states in time for the a lead editorial trying to explain what In the Dec. 19 issue of the Village Voice, November elections. happened to P & F. Referring to the Calif­ so attuned to the realities and needs of he pointed out, with a little bitterness, the world revolutionary process today, Supporters of the Socialist Workers Party ornia campaign, the editorial says that that he had gotten virtually no support and Young Socialist Alliance had a some­ no one should be surprised that the vote leaves one awe-struck. from the War Resisters League (for which To accomplish this goal, a Venice Sur­ what different estimate. We said that the for P & F candidates was so low. he works), SANE, Resistance, Women vival Committee has been formed and a impressive victory of gaining ballot status "What does require some explanation, Strike for Peace, the Socialist Party (of Free Venice Organizing Committee. A news­ in California was a very encouraging sign however," the editorial states, "is the fact which he is a long-standing member), paper, The Beachhead, which defines it­ of the deepening radicalization taking that among politically active people ... "the Soviet-oriented Old Left," or the hippies. self as "a poem" is being put out to tell place, particularly around the issue of the the November P & F campaigns elicited He then continued: people about the history of Venice, Calif. war in Vietnam. It indicated the disgust relatively little interest and enthusiasm. In "The greatest frustration came from the Other plans include an art festival, a move and contempt with which many liberals fact, considerably more people worked Peace and Freedom Party which, having to abolish auto traffic in Venice, and a and radical young people viewed the John­ on the primary campaigns, which were nominated me, then seemed terribly unsure walkie-talkie citizens' alert.system. whether it really wanted to run a campaign son administration and their groping for seen merely as a means of getting our can­ Statewide gathering an answer. However, for several reasons didates on the November ballot." at all. Once the nominating petitions had A good over-all picture of the P & F we did not think that Peace and Freedom Several possible reasons for this are been filed, PFP seemed to collapse of ex­ in California was provided by their state could provide that answer. discussed, including disagreements inside haustion and was never heard from again. council meeting held in Los Angeles the The main reason for this estimate was the party over Eldridge Cleaver's candi­ I exaggerate, but not much." weekend of Dec. 21. Only 56 people re­ that the P & F organizers were attempting dacy. A portion of the P & F coalition McReynolds remarked that he enjoyed gistered for the statewide meeting-from working with the 20 or 30 people who did to hold together a political party made felt that a more "moderate" candidate than an organization that at one time was up of very disparate forces on the basis Cleaver should have been chosen as the support his C\lmpaign, yet, in his opinion, "politically, the election in the 19th C. D. supposed to have 26 chapters in Los of minimum program-withdrawal of Presidential standard bearer, and an even Angeles alone. They decided that neither troops from Vietnam and support for the larger portion of the coalition was very un­ was a disaster and a defeat for everyone who ran and for all voters." a viable state organization nor the pro­ black liberation struggle. While it is possible happy about Cleaver's desire to have jected spring convention were needed, and to draw together large forces in united­ Yippie spokesman Jerry Rubin as his run­ Factional disputes a powerless state caretaker committee was front actions around such specific areas ning mate. In fact, Cleaver's proposal The New York state party was probably set up to look into the possibilities of calling of agreement, to build a political party of Rubin was rejected both at the national the strongest outside of California, but an active members' conference for some­ requires fundamental agreement on a whole convention and at the California statewide throughout its entire campaign it was time next summer. The purpose of the series of questions. Without such agreement, convention. plagued with factional disputes. The first conference would be to exchange informa­ the Peace and Freedom Party would tend one resulted as a split and the formation tion and ideas. to fly apart, its various components would SDS's fault? of the rival, Communist Party-influenced What becomes clear from all of these rapidly become contending factions, many However, the editorial dismisses these Freedom and Peace Party which supported experiments and meetings is that P & F supporters would become disillusioned and problems as secondary and reaches the con­ Dick Gregory for President. has learned little or nothing from its harsh drift away. We estimated that the Peace clusion that the main reason P &F failed Following the elections, the two groups experience. A year of "organizing" on the and Freedom Party, as an all-inclusive to interest and excite large numbers of initiated merger negotiations which were basis of a reformist minimum program has radical formation would, in all likelihood, radicals was the antielectoral bias prevalent subsequently dropped when no agreement produced, in their own words, "little interest not survive the 1968 elections. on the left in 1968. could be reached guaranteeing that some and enthusiasm." Yet the solution P & F Why such organizations as national SDS leadership positions in a new merged or­ organizers offer is more of the same, but Previous developments were reluctant to become involved in the ganization would be reserved for former on an even lower level of political con­ Even prior to the elections, this general P & F campaign is not discussed, and it members of the Freedom and Peace Party. sciousness- tax reforms, housing laws, analysis was confirmed in the development is not clear whether the editors of Peace Both groups reportedly claimed that there and city planning. Concern with the central of P & F around the country- the fiasco and Freedom News approve or disapprove were no political differences between them. political issues of our day, nationally and ,of their national convention in August, of the SDS position. They simply end on The second major factional dispute within internationally, such as the war in Vietnam their ability (even in combination with the the assertion that there is a place for the New York P & F was between two and the black liberation struggle here in Freedom and Peace Party) to obtain ballot P & F: "to provide a vehicle in which radi- tendencies, one led by the Independent the U.S., has slipped even further into the Socialist Club and the other by the Pro­ background. gressive Labor Party. However, at the The organizers of the Peace and Freedom statewide convention of the New York Party thought they would be able to find Just published P & F, held Thanksgiving weekend in New a shortcut around the difficult task of con­ York and attended by some 125 people, structing a revolutionary party. Likethose e A history of empiricist philosophy from Bacon the Progressive Labor Party sent only a who have attempted the same experiment and Locke to its most recent manifestations in the few observers who played no active role before them, they are reaffirming that an work of Karl Popper. in the conference. all-inclusive radical party is a shortcut not Members of the P & F in New York have to revolution, but to reform. announced they plan to do research on housing problems, rent and tax structures, e Written from the standpoint of dialectical mate­ and plan to hold a series of public meetings rialism, this book is an admirable introduction to in the future. The Murder the Marxist method in treating the history of ideas. The type of demoralization expressed by the McReynolds letter to the Village Voice has been prevalent elsewhere. In Pennsylva­ of Nigeria nia (where the group was largely domi­ nated by the CP and nominated Gregory e Contains on outstanding critique of pragmatism, instead of Cleaver), the one full-time staff -An Indictment and especially of the philosophy of John Dewey, person of P & F told a Militant reporter that will be of value to all students of American that he thought P & F was dead; that philosophy. there had been no activity since the elections, By Obi Egbuna and there was no sign of any. He thought 160 pp. paper $2.45 cloth $4.95 most of those who had been around P & F 50 Cents probably voted for Humphrey and were Merit Publishers now working with the Coalition of Inde­ 873 Broadway pendent and Democratic Voters. NewYork, N.Y. 10003 It's all a little bit of a comedown for a "mass" party that was going to ignite the Page 4 THE MILITANT Friday, February 21, 1969

• Regime 1n Bolivia hit by peasant struggles

A significant upsurge of peasant mili­ tancy is taking place in Bolivia, the land of Che Guevara's assassination, according to a recent report in Intercontinental Press. Written from La Paz in the last week of December by M. Vallejos, the report states: "The peasantry has already drawn the line of direct militant confrontation. Driving the officials out of the towns and occupying them, stoning the president and his mini­ sters, taking hostages to exchange for peasant prisoners, and marching on the cities are expressions of a high level of consciousness and militancy." Revolutionary organizations have soli­ darized themselves with the peasants, Valle­ jos notes. These are the Revolutionary Workers Party (POR), Bolivian section of Rank-and-file coal miners the Fourth International, and theN ational Liberation Army ( E LN) led by Inti Peredo, which is continuing the guerrilla front launched two years ago by Che Guevara. map fight on ''black lung'' "ELN flags have been raised in La Paz, Chochabamba, and in important peasant The smoldering anger of the nation's just 30 miles away, which in late Novem­ centers, along with placards repudiating soft-coal miners against both the corpo­ ber 1968 became a tomb for 78 miners.) the agricultural tax and calling for guer­ rations and their own top union leader­ Humphrey No. 7 exploded into fire rilla fighters," Vallejos writes. "An ELN ship was amply demonstrated when 3,000 when the roof of a runway collapsed. More manifesto signed by Inti Peredo is circu­ coal diggers met at Charleston, W.Va., than 130 miners narrowly missed death. lating in numerous copies throughout the Jan. 26 to form their own Black Lung Twelve of the men were working three country." Association. miles deep within the mine but were saved (This manifesto is published in the Feb. Che Black lung is a disabling disease which when a rescue team found them and led 1 0 issue of Intercontinental Press. Valle­ leads to emphysema, heart failure, tuber­ them to safety. The other 126 were work­ jos' report from La Paz appeared in the But the peasants have rejected the tax and culosis, or pneumonia. Dr. I. E. Buff, a ing close to the entrance and were taken Jan. 27 issue.) physically assaulted the government cardiologist who has done extensive re­ out by hoist buckets and elevators. Bolivian peasants were driven into active spokesmen for it "for political as well as search on the disease, says that 100,000 The Bureau of Mines announced, after opposition to the military dictatorship of economic reasons," according to Vallejos. of the nation's 135,000 soft-coal miners the fact, that more than 100 infractions of President Barrientos when it attempted to "With the military dictatorship, the peas­ are afflicted. It is caused by free-floating the Safety Act and the union-company impose an agricultural tax in early De­ s ants found themselves more tightly bound coal dust, and its fatal affects can only agreements on safety had been listed during cember. The importance of this tax to the than ever to a socially and racially inferior be avoided by stopping the constant ex­ the last six inspections. Some of the viola­ Barrientos regime was underlined by Bar­ status. In addition to poverty and back­ posure to the hazard. In other words, tions had been listed on every report! rientos' personal campaign in its support, wardness the peasants are suffering from leave the mines. -Marvel Scholl which included visits to peasant villages. stifling oppression. The Bureau of Mines is interested in "Consciously or unconsciously, the peas­ coal dust as a hazard only if there is sants perceive ·that this oppression would enough present to cause explosions and be aggravated by the agricultural tax. fires. It has no interest in dust as a me­ The per capita annual income of the peas­ dical hazard. Neither, apparently, is any ants is barely $100 and the tax would other governmental agency, state or fe­ force them to turn from 30 to 50 percent deral. And so far the United Mine of this over to the state. Workers' top officials have displayed the "The tax could be paid only by resorting same lack of concern. • to loan sharks, either individuals or banks. One of the major demands made by the Sinking in debt, the peasants would be rank-and-file miners during the contract I've been waiting for a long time for a how to assess the war between Nigeria forced to sell their land or would lose it negotiations last fall was for compensa- comprehensive, theoretical analysis of the and Biafra. Obi B. Egbuna has made a through foreclosures. On the ruin and liqui­ revolutionary dynamics of our epoch. And contribution that can go a long way dation of the peasantry a new landlordism I think I've finally found it in a book called towards lifting some of the fog in his pam­ linked to imperialism would arise and the The National Fifty Years of World Revolution (1917- phlet,The Murder of Nigeria. peasants would revert to the status of 1967) edited by Ernest Mandel (Merit Egbuna is a leader of the British black peons. Publishers, $7.95). power movement and his pamphlet was "The political implications were under­ Mandel's book is a collection of articles published by Panaf Publications Limited stood by the peasants, and this is the Picketline written especially for this anthology by in London, Merit Publishers (873 Broad­ reason for their violent and unanimous revolutionary Marxists from 10 different way, New York, N.Y. 10003, SOc) has response throughout the country." tion when they become disabled by black countries. In one article or another, nearly made it available in this country. The government has temporarily with­ lung disease. W. A. Boyle, president of the every currently relevant problem of world The pamphlet tries to pin down the na­ drawn its tax attempt, Vallejos notes, "but UMW, ignored their demands. Thousands revolutionary theory is taken up and dealt ture of the games imperialists play with at the same time it has reinforced all its of striking miners refused to go back into with in its historical context. the lives of the African people. In the military units in the countryside. the pits after Boyle signed his contract A word of caution. Those completely Nigerian context, Egbuna urges the Ojuk­ "But these measures cannot halt the with the Bituminous Coal Operators Asso­ new to socialist thought will not find it wu leadership of Biafra to make a non­ process already begun. The peasants have ciation. possible to simply sail through this work. tribal revolutionary socialist appeal to the gotten a close look at the danger represented Ralph Nader, the safety crusader, wrote But if you are minimally at home with Nigerian masses as a whole. Ojukwu is by a military government ... The agri­ and sent a paper to the Black Lung Asso­ some of the basic ideas of revolutionary a professed socialist. cultural tax wasthefinalstraw. Thepassive ciation organizing meeting. It charged the socialism, you will get a great deal out A flaw in Egbuna's essay, as I see it, discontent of the peasants was transformed industry with health and safety failures of this book. is a tendency to overstatement. For ex­ into armed rebellion. "that make the lives of coal miners cheaper In any case, this short note can hardly ample, he characterizes the deposed bour­ "In this new period, the guerrillas will than coal," and reminded the state legis­ do the job of conveying the message about geois nationalist leader of Ghana, have the active collaboration of the Boli­ lators now in session in Charleston that Nkrumah, as "the Lenin of his era". It's "they are elected to represent people, not this really fine collection. Hopefully, some­ vian peasantry. The peasants will find the one will do it justice in the near future. hard to say if this is a thought-out political guerrillas a necessary ally to combat the coal." estimate or simply literary license. Nader blasted the United Mine Workers' army which oppresses them. In turn, the If you get the chance, a good movie officialdom, particularly Boyle. He said: peasants' sympathy and support will create to take in is "The Charge of the Light The February Esquire sports a front "I doubt whether there is any union in the conditions for the reinforcement of the cover with three girls looking like some guerrilla struggle, conditions far superior this country whose highly paid leadership Brigade." The movie is an examination avant-garde version of Sex Appeal Her­ to those Che Guevara faced inN ancahuazu has been as insensitive and inactive toward of British class society, imperialism and self standing in front of three guys who and La Higuera in 1967. health and safety conditions." militarism during the Crimean War of are making faces. This is all supposed "The year of 1969 will be a year of great Nader also charged the Boyle machine the 1850s. with neglect of duty in not including pro­ All of this climaxes with the disastrous to be in illustration of an article called struggles for Bolivia. We Bolivian revolu­ "Chicks Up Front!" which, we are informed, visions for compensation for black lung and uselss charge of the Light Brigade, tionists are confident that the struggle which is about "how troublemakers use girls disease in the union contract, for not de­ made famous by Tennyson's poem glori­ Che began for the liberation of Latin Amer­ manding stricter state and federal enforce­ fying the incident. to put down the cops." ica will continue with greater vigor and ment of mine health and safety regula­ None of the characters are really sympa­ It all turns out to be just one more win important victories. "In 1969, the cry"VictoryandSocialism!" tions, and for not initiating health and thetic types. One- a sort of a liberal type­ exercise in male-chauvinist commercialism. will resound in the mountains of Bolivia safety regulations of its own. does question the inefficiency and opacity The article inside has nothing to do with On hearing the paper, the 3,000 miners of the British imperial bureaucracy. None the front-cover come-on. Instead we find and be taken up by the entire continent, cheered and applauded. of them go to the obvious root of the Esquire's rendition of a guidetotheradical uniting all Marxists in a force powerful They also passed a resolution demanding problems depicted, namely class society. movement with red-baiting slurs where enough! to bury the ignominious imper­ that West Virginia bring black lung di­ Nevertheless, the film offers some very deemed appropriate. ialist system." sease under the umbrella of workmen's real analogies with American class society, An instance: The "Up Against the Wall, compensation. At the present time, only imperialism, militarism and face-saving. M. F." is "a sinister, shadowy anarchist­ two states- Pennsylvania and Alabama­ Most specifically, you'll notice that the terrorist organization". The "M. F.," as they have such coverage. role of the British in the Crimean War and call it, is many things, but that's one Just two days after the Charleston meet­ the role of the U.S. in the Vietnam war animal it isn't. H.AVE YOtJ·MOYED?lfsoplease ing, another near disaster occurred in a pose some striking parallels. Esquire is allegedly aliberalpublication. notify our business office of YO\lr mine owned by Consolidated Coal Co. I believe it. And itjustgoes to show, you've lJ.eW addl'e$s,. including ZlP. in Mt. Morris, Pa. (Consolidated also Most radicals in the United States are got to watch out for those liberals. owned the mine at Mannington, W.Va., having a lot of trouble trying to figure out -Malachi Constant Friday, February 21, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 5 Army gives up on Pvt. Glover

By Larry Siegle on induction to fill out in its entirety the are charged with! "it was pretty clear to me that Glover was FT. BENNING, Ga.- The United States standard "security" questionnaire; and 3) (One final twist: The Army is reasonable, orating." (!) Under cross-examination Army has had enough ot Pvt. Edwin failing to fill out the Army's "personal and Glover can appeal the decision of Davis said that naturally he hadn't stayed Glover. After months of harassment, re­ history" form. Glover has never denied the board. The catch? The decision itself around to listen and that he had no idea strictions, extra duty and physical inti­ membership in the SWP or YSA, and he is secret! Glover will never know what whether Glover was "orating" about cars, midation, the brass have decided that the explained he refused to complete the forms the board decides; he will only learn in­ women, the war or apple pie. only course left open to them was to con­ because they are a violation of First Am­ directly by the nature of the action or The next witness was Sgt. Whitney, a vene a field-board hearing which will prob­ mendment rights. nonaction taken by the Army against him, lifer. Whitney testified, also under oath, ably order Glover discharged for reasons Perhaps recognizing the Catch-22 quality which may or may not conform precisely that Glover had told Gis to "tear down of "national security." The hearing was of charging a man with "crimes" they were to the recommendation of the board.) the factories and just give them to the held here Jan. 27-28. fully aware of when they inducted him, the If Glover had committed any actual people." Whitney conceded he couldn't quite The Army's decision to throw in the Army also announced they had a con­ crime or violated any regulations, the understand how the demolished factories towel in this case was due to Glover's fidential file which they were going to intro­ Army could have had him brought to a were to be "given to the people." Whitney strength in standing up to them and to duce as secret evidence. Under the pro­ court-martial. They admitted they have further testified that Glover had been read­ the energetic work of the G I Civil Liber­ visions covering this kind of hearing, evi­ no such case when they chose this type ing a copy of The Great Speckled Bird, ties Defense Committee in rallying public dence can be submitted to the field board of hearing. an underground paper published in support for him. The Young Socialist faced which cannot be seen by the defendant The reasons for the Army's decision Atlanta. a particularly vindictive junior officer staff nor by his counsel. The difficulties of con­ became abundantly clear as the Army's The rest of the testimony of Army wit­ which was determined to break him because ducting a defense with those ground rules case against Glover unfolded. Capt. Davis, nesses was just as "damaging." Glover he refused to think as they do about the can easily be imagined. No challenge can Glover's former commanding officer, was was seen several times talking to black war, about Afro-Americans, and about the be made to the evidence, no cross-examina­ a key witness. Davis testified under oath and Puerto Rican soldiers (this was always rights of G Is to free speech. tion, no denials nor explanations can be that on several occasions he had seen said with a tightening of the lips and a The field board which acted to get Glover offered. You literally donotknowwhatyou Glover with several other soldiers, and knowing glance- this was clinching evi­ off the Army's hands can recommend three dence of a real subversive). A secret report types of discharge: honorable, general, was made public to prove that Glover or undesirable. It is likely that one of had been seen entering the SWP hall in the latter two will be recommended. Thus, Chicago while on leave last summer; Glover while Glover will probably be returned was seen wearing the YSA-JCR button; to civilian life, he will have to appeal the Glover was definitely a "dissenter"; Glover nature of the discharge through Army had a lot of literature; etc. etc. channels and then into the federal courts. Rowland Watts of the Workers Defense The hearing itself was a perfect example League, Glover's civilian counsel, pointed of the absurd routines followed by an up the absurdity in the Army's case. If institution so completely torn with contra­ they didn't want a member of the SWP dictions as the U.S. Army. and YSA, they shouldn't have drafted him The purpose of the hearing was to expel in the first place. Glover was not charged from the Army a "defendant" who didn't with violating any regulations or commit­ ask to be inducted and would be pleased ting any crimes. If the Army now decided to be released-provided, of course, that to discharge him, the regulations provided his discharge be on honorable terms, that the discharge be based solely on his which is clearly what he deserves. The military record, which is unblemished, and Army's sudden acute concern about he should be discharged honorably. Glover's alleged threat to national security It is unlikely that the seven officers of the seems a bit absurd since they knew full board saw the logic in the defense argu­ well when they drafted him that he was ments. They will probably recommend a member of the Young Socialist Alliance a discharge on a less than honorable and the Socialist Workers Party and that basis. If this is in fact what happens, he intended to continue to speak his mind a legal battle for an honorable discharge if drafted. will still be necessary. Financial aid for The Army's three allegations of fact (the this, and for the defense of other G Is whose specific charges they were supposed to rights have been infringed by the military, prove) were readily conceded by the is urgently needed by the G I Civil Liberties defense. They charged Glover with the THEY GOT HOME. GI demonstration in Philippines at end of World War II Defense Committee. Contributions can be following "crimes": 1) being a member of demanding they be brought home. Similar massive demonstrations in other areas sent to the committee at Box 355, Old the Socialist Workers Party; 2) failing brought demobilization of Gls. Chelsea Station, New York, N.Y. 10011. ... Ft. Jackson Gl s organ1ze• for their rights

(Continued from page 1) "But it is our right to be human. No one game, but the continued presence of armed sentenced yet, but he faces a possible six lives. All the crap, the harassment, dehu­ can take that from us-no one has the guards in the barracks prevented any meet­ months at the Ft. Riley, Kans., military manization and contempt for the enlisted right to rob us of our dignity, like the Army ing from occurring. prison. men that make F. T. A. the three most tries to do every day. It is our right to On Wednesday no meeting was held, but The second case is that of Private Andrew popular letters in the Army goes on full think and to speak out against an unjust over 200 petition signatures were turned Pulley. He was found guilty of disobeying swing in N am, just like it does here. In­ war, to demonstrate our opposition if that in. an order to go to bed. Pvt. Pulley was sit­ spections, haircuts, saluting the brass, etc., is necessary. We are citizens of America G Is United are also planning a G !teach­ ting on his bed last week when an officer all are part of the grind. And there's a even if the Army would like to forget it, in against the war on Feb. 23 and are or­ told him to go to bed. Pulley said he was reason for it: the Army has to crush our and these rights are guaranteed in the ganizing to participate in the civilian sup­ in bed. The officer said he would return in spirit, it has to stamp the humanity and Constitution of the U.S." ported GI Easter peace march in Atlanta, five minutes. He came back in three-and­ individuality out of us so we won't be able "In addition," the declaration said, "the Ga. a-half minutes, as timed by the men in the to fight back. This is an undemocratic rights and dignity of the black man in Meanwhile, the brass have moved to barracks, and told Pulley that he still wasn't war- the only way it can be fought is with America have been trampled upon for the frame up five black G Is who are active in in bed. an undemocratic army, where Gis cannot past 400 years while being called upon to Gis United. The charges runfromdisobey­ The court-martial took place this week. be allowed to think, to discuss the war and fight and die for so-called freedom ..." ing an order to go to bed, to a charge of Pulley was found guilty but no sentence speak out against it, to influence and con­ The Ft. Jackson brass, not prone to ob­ assault. In two cases charges have been has been passed yet. trol policy. serve constitutional nicieties, has reacted to indicated but not actually filed. An appeal on this case has already been the antiwar feelings and organizations with The first is the case of private Lawrence filed on the grounds that the trial officer added harassment, added intimidation and Hart, who has been charged with assault, was prejudiced against Pulley to begin frame-up charges. This, however, has not disrespect to a noncommissioned officer, with. Prior to the trial, the officer had told deterred G Is United. In fact, their ranks are and attempting to defraud the U.S. gov­ a South Carolina ACL U lawyer that he growing. A brief summary of the recent ernment. All three charges are phony. The considered Pulley a "culprit." events will illustrate why. assault, even prosecution witnesses at the The third case concerns Pvt. Alfred A unit of the Third Brigade was given court-martial testified, was one that in fact Toomer and Pvt. Johnny Davis. Both were Christmas leave. They were not told, did not occur! Witnesses agreed that Hart picked up under armed guard approxi­ did not get within 1 0 feet of the man he mately 10 days ago and have been held BOSTON though, that those leaves were also their pre-Vietnam-embarkation leaves. When was supposed to have assaulted. (One did in the stockade ever since. The brass will MALCOLM X: CATALYST IN THE REVOLUTIONARY this fact was revealed to the Gis, the brass say he got within nine inches but did not not disclose the charges against these men. STRUGGLE. Speaker: Jamal Hannah, member of the found it necessary to quarantine the G Is' hit him.) Repeated, futile inquiries have been made. Boston University Afro and a former Green Beret. anger. This unit of 134 men was restricted The second charge was disrespect to a Finally there is the case of Pvt. Albert Fri., Feb. 21, 8:15 p.m. 295 Huntington Ave., Rm. 307 to its barracks under armed guard for noncommissioned officer. Hart was told Madison. He is charged with assault and lone block from Mass. Ave.). Ausp. Militant Labor four days prior to embarkation. In viola­ he was disrespectful after the noncommis­ his court-martial comes next Monday. Forum. tion of Army regulations, they were pre­ sioned officer called him a "mother-fucker." Madison had been pushed by a white • vented from seeing the inspector general. The strange thing is that the noncommis­ racist GI. When this GI, Private Dinglefine, DETROIT They were loaded into buses for Vietnam sioned officer did not become a noncom­ pushed him Madison tried to avoid a fight MALCOLM X MEMORIAL MEETING. Speakers from embarkation under armed guard. missioned officer until after the incident, by pushing his hands aside. Dingle­ the Black Panther Party, Dodge Revolutionary Union This is one of the things the Gis want to when he was promoted to an acting ser­ fine pushed him again and Madison walked Movement and Young Socialist Alliance. Fri., Feb. 21, discuss at their open meeting. geant. He was then transferred from Ft. away. Then Dinglefine slammed the door 8 p.m. 3737 Woodward Ave. Contrib. 75 cents; un­ At that time, and since, G Is United has Jackson. to the mess hall in Madison's face, at which employed and students, 50 cents. Ausp. Militant Labor met frequently. Last Sunday, the group The third charge was defrauding the point Madison reacted but was restrained Forum. participated in a discussion at the USO government. This involved a check which by several black Gis. That's the entire • coffeehouse in Columbia, S. C., with 80 Hart tried to cash at Ft. Jackson. Through grounds for the assualt charge. PHILADELPHIA people present. At a Monday meeting of a fault of the government or the bank there Gis United havesecuredsomelegalcoun­ CUBA TODAY: TEN YEARS OF REVOLUTION. Speaker: 60 Gis at Ft. Jackson, petitions were given had not been enough money in his account. sel in Columbia. But public support is Moreen Jasinski, Young Socialist just returned from out to be circulated all over the base. On Prior to the trial, post finance had informed needed. Telegrams of protest should be sent celebration of lOth anniversary of the Cuban Revolu­ Tuesday the brass, some of them armed, Hart that the matter had been cleared up. to the Commanding Officer, Ft. Jackson, tion and a month'svisittoCuba. Fri., Feb. 21, 8:30p.m. dispersed a meetingofGis United, advising Nonetheless, Hart was found guilty on all Columbia, South Carolina. Messages of 686 N. Brood (Broad and Fairmount). For further in­ that everyone had better go to a brigade three charges, with the prosecution admit­ support to the G Is United Against the War formation call CE6- 6998. Donation. Ausp. Militant basketball game. Since no direct order was ting that the case was not too strong. Hart in Vietnam should be sent c/o Short Times, Labor Forum. involved, not one of the Gis went to the is now in the stockade. He has not been Box 543, Columbia, S. C. Page 6 THE MILITANT Friday, February 21, 1969 Interview with leader of striking oil un1on• By David Warren been limited, and they have a legal right RICHMOND, Calif. - G. T. (Jake) to picket and demonstrate anytime they Jacobs is the secretary-treasurer of Local want. "It's a question of freedom of assem­ 1-561, International Union of Oil, Chem­ bly," Jacobs said. ical and Atomic Workers, AFL-CIO. As "The support we've gotten from the com­ we sat in the union headquarters, I dis­ munity has been a big factor in keeping cussed with him the progress of the strike up the morale of the men," he added. that Local 1-561 is engaged in against Cop brutality Standard Oil in Richmond, Calif. The The strikers have been subjected to con­ men have been out since Jan. 4 and have siderable harassment and brutality by the been subjected to severe harassment by Richmond police, and our discussion the cops, both on and off the picket lines. turned to that topic. Jacobs described the Jacobs explained that the men have been events of the morning of Jan. 13, which able to get by because the longshoremen's was the first time they were brutally attacked union, the ILWU, has allowed them to work by the cops. There were about 30 pickets a couple of days a week out of the ILWU at each gate, and they were effectively hiring halls, and some have been able turning away the cars. "This apparently to get welfare benefits or a little help from upset the Standard Oil Company no end. the poverty program. The union also has A police lieutenant later told me that the been able to provide a few strike benefits. plant manager called the city manager, I asked Jacobs to summarize the main who in turn called the chief of police. Liberation News Service photo issues involved in the strike, and what the They sent forces to the gates with orders slogan "72 plus" meant, a slogan I had to break it up in any way they could. EDUCATION FORCE. Club-happy Bay Area tactical cops are giving striking seen on buttons the guys were passing out. And that is exactly what they did. workers and students education in class politics and need for unity between them. "Originally our demands provided for "They didn't seek out the picket captains, a 72-cent-an-hour wage increase, over a or try to find out who was in charge or two-year period, plus improvements in what was legal. They didn't use clubs, but fringe benefits. For example, we're asking they were pretty rough. One woman was Berkeley student strikers the company to pay the full cost of the knocked to the ground and dragged across dependent medical coverage, and we've the ground. Another woman was walking asked them to pay the full cost of the new across in front of one of the cars. A police­ pension plan. There are a few other issues man grabbed her by the arm and flung fight remergency' decree such as time and a half for Sunday and her into the street. If it had not been for a couple of extra holidays. If we won these another person being in the way she would demands they would begin to bring us have been hit by a car. By Jeff Rozier decree, Reagan stressed that he took this to a level that would be more in line with ''We protested this, or course. All we BERKELEY - The strike by Third action with the full concurrence of univer­ other industries around the country. could get from the cops was, 'We are World students and their supporters at the sity officials and quoted a latter from UC "As the strike has progressed, however, protecting your pickets. Don't interfere or University of California's Berkeley campus president Charles Hitch, who wrote, "We those demands have been scaled down. we'll haul you in too.'" continues to gain momentum in the face have come to the end of the road in de­ The union and some of the companies In all, they arrested two pickets and of Governor Ronald Reagan's Feb. 5 decla­ pending on local law enforcement on cam­ settled for a package that was worth about three students that morning. The union ration of a "state of extreme emergency" puses." 65 cents an hour. But the package offer lodged complaints with every one they on the campus. The declaration allows In the days following Reagan's pro­ made so far by Standard Oil amounts could, including the Richmond city council. California highway patrolmen to occupy clamation, large crowds have continued to only about 46 cents an hours. That's Jacobs commented, "About all we got from the campus indefmitely "to maintain order." to gather around Sather Gate to show their well below the national pattern that has them was a whitewash of the Standard At his news conference announcing the support for the strike and to jeer the newly been set." Oil Co. and the Richmond police depart- arrived, brown-uniformed highway patrol­ Automated plants ment." men. Students continued their marches Some of the men had mentioned that Educational experience through campus buildings, and on Friday, one reason they thought Standard Oil Jacobs described his own experiences with Feb. 7, they marched through the faculty could hold out for so long was that some the police, too. He had gone to the police Trial proceeds dining room during the lunch hour to try of the plants were highly automated. I department on Jan. 23 to check on one to press the teachers into action. asked Jacobs about this. of the pickets who had been arrested. When Cops have prevented picket lines from "It has something to do with it, but it's he arrived he was told that he could not in Oakland 7 forming at entrances to the campus and clear that plant isn't operating to capacity. see anyone, could not talk to anyone, and around Sather Gate. Violating the tradi­ Not by far. The company would like to that no one would be told that he had been tional free-speech status of the Sproul Hall make the public think it is, but that's all there inquiring about them. Steps, the university administration has propaganda. They're using supervisory "I was sort of amused by the officers' antidraft case banned noon rallies there for an staff and scab operators, but the plant's loud and aggressive manner, so I turned indefmite period. certainly not operating the way it should." to Mrs. Anderson (the wife of the man we The Third World Liberation Front has were inquiring about) and said, 'The voice By Hal White At the Standard Oil refinery there are treated Reagan's decree with contempt. At of authority is speaking.'" OAKLAND - "Vietnam is an interna­ about six or seven craft unions which a news conference following the governor's With that, Jacobs was placed under arrest. tional mugging." That's the way defense have contracts that bar strikes or lockouts. action, TWFL spokesmen Bernard Garcia "Suddenly I looked up. There was a flury attorney Malcolm Burnstein argued in be­ Thus the company propaganda plays on and Jeffrey Leong called it "an attempt of activity coming through the door, and half of the "Oakland Seven" as the long­ the theme that if the members of those to mobilize reactionary forces in the state." the next thing I knew I was down on my awaited, controversial trial got underway. unions honor the picket lines of the OCAW, They declared that their protest would con­ face and they gave me a pretty good work­ The seven are antiwar activists charged they will be breaking their contracts. Any tinue and that "Reagan's police are no ing over. There were four of them. One with felonious conspiracy by the state of union can advise its members of their different from [Berkeley-campus chan­ went for my head, one for my feet, and California for their involvment in dem­ individual, legal right to honor a picket cellor] Heyn's police." I was slammed down and beaten around onstrations at the Oakland Army induction line, but so far the heads of these unions Garcia and Leong went on to character­ the head and the neck. I was kicked in the center in October 1967 as part of "Stop the have not done so. ize the university administration's interim back. This was the first time I had ex­ Draft Week." We discussed the question of community suspension of 14 students as "terrorist perienced anything like this. Now I be­ The seven are Frank Bardacke, Terry support for the strike. The union has tactics," and asserted that the TWLFwould lieve some of the stories I've heard. Cannon, Reese Erlich, Steve Hamilton, requested any and all help it can legally hold no further discussions or communi­ "The police have been acting as strike­ Bob Mandel, Jeff Segal and Mike Smith. receive from community supporters. For cations with the administration until the breakers for Standard Oil Company. When Segal is currently in the Alameda County instance, the union picket line has been suspensions were revoked or formal crimi­ a foreman or a manager of a plant can jail serving a four-year sentence for re­ limited by a court injunction to no more nal charges filed against the suspended call a police officer and have a picket fusing to be drafted. than five pickets at any one entrance to students. arrested, something is wrong." The seven have been charged with con­ the plant. But strike supporters have not spiracy to commit two misdemeanors - On Wednesday night, following Reagan's Jacobs thought it would be possible to trespass and interfering with the legal duties declaration, the Berkeley student senate reduce this kind of police violence by having of a police officer. None of them are charged voted 10 to one in favor of a resolution strong picket lines and through the pressure with actually committing the crimes, but in calling for the closure of the university of an effective general strike, but he added, California it is a felony to engage in a for a two-day convocation to discuss the "If we as working people want justice "conspiracy" to commit a misdemeanor. TWLF's demands. we are going to have to have a little more The seven are basing their defense on Student-body president Charles Palmer control of the establishment, if not become the unconstitutionality of this conspiracy told a news conference following the senate's the establishment." law and on international laws respecting meeting that minority students had been Political action the right of individual conscience. lied to, deceived and misled. "The channels We had a fairly long discussion about The seven activists have linked up their of communication here are not open," he what this meant politically, and Jacobs case with that of another group of youths said. "It is impossible to teach, learn and told me he had been doing a lot of think­ involved in a confrontration with the mili­ study in a police state. Violence did not ing about the question. He had come to tary-the 27 Presido soldiers charged with start up because people wanted to raise the conclusion that only if the working mutiny. In their statement to the press the a little hell. The cause was frustration. The people get together and do something poli­ Oakland Seven said, "Over a year ago students want to make society responsive tically will they be able to find a perma­ thousands of us took to the streets to to their needs." nent solution to problems like the ones protest the war and the draft. The Oakland The student newspaper, The Daily Cal, with which his union was faced. power structure retaliated by; singling out joined the student senate in calling for When I asked him if he thought this seven of us in the hope they could inti­ closure of the university. Under the head­ should be inside the Democratic or Repub­ midate the movement and effectively si­ line, "Keep Cool but Close it Down," the lilT DO lican parties, or whether something like lence the seven. paper editorialized, "Yesterday our idiot a labor party was needed, he replied that "Well, they can't. San Francisco State governor declared a state of extreme emer­ he had mixed emotions, but "the further proves that. For every one they imprison gency and immediately there was one." ~YOU PEOPLE* down the road we go, the more I become or tie up in the courts, dozens will step The paper called on faculty members to convinced that the problmes we are dis­ forward. The same is true in the armed "stop hiding their heads" and to refuse cussing are not going to be solved through services. Just like us on the outside, our to teach until "we can return to sanity and the middle-of-the-road processes of our WI NT I I I I brothers are no longer willing to submit start talking about what is happening ' society. The wealth of the nation and the to a system that rqbs them of their rights before there is no one left to talk at all." corporations more or less control the and human dignity." At the time Reagan declared his "state Berkeley 'lWL F strike paper middle of the road." Friday, February 21, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 7

Why Mexico banned

By Ricardo Ochoa MEXICO CITY (IP)- The banning of the musical comedy Hair in Acapulco shows the lengths to which the Diaz Ordaz government is going with its witch-hunt. A seemingly harmless bit of entertainment became the target of this oppressive gov­ ernment. The musical comedy, which might have Scene from New York production of 'Hair' been quickly forgotten, became a cause celebre in the press, where arguments justi­ new for Acapulco, and to be credited to that specialize in shows of this type felt without "work permits" had been acting fying the government ban predominated. Elias Calles' flair for culture. the hot breath of morality closing in on in Mexico for years. Occurring in the middleofMexico's winter The impresario has said the following them. But, no, these fears proved un­ Moreover, the Department of Immigra­ holiday season, the Hair case showed that of the port: "Acapulco is a new and special founded. Once Hair was banned, the cru­ tion and the Department of Interior had Diaz Ordaz's political police don't go on market. There is nothing to do in Acapulco sade to make Acapulco a moral city in­ issued permits for the rehearsals and for vacations- not even in Acapulco. but get drunk and go sunbathing." stead of a fun city came to an abrupt the premiere. As in New York, Los Angeles, London, As is befitting the grandson of a president, halt. Finally, to make the government's argu­ and other cities, the comedy, which is he wanted to bring in a little culture. In Possibly the incorruptible mayor had ments look still more ridiculous, the over­ about the "hippies," was announced with his opinion, the Olympic games had defi­ lent an ear to the considerations advanced whelming majority of viewers of the show a big publicity campaign. Alfredo Elias nitively "cosmopolitanized" Mexico. Thus, by the real purveyors of vice and cor­ would be Yankee tourists, since it would Calles scheduled the play for January, the republic was now "mature" enough to ruption-the drug pushers, the pimps, and be played in . . . English. And ticket prices which is the "international" (i.e., American) appreciate one of the most advanced ex­ the hotel keepers, both Mexican and foreign, were adjusted to the high level of the season in Acapulco. amples of the contemporary theater. the real bosses of the beautiful seaport. Yankee tourist's pocketbook. The authorities in the port granted him However, on Jan. 4, the rare treat which With rumors spreading about a "cleanup" So why all the uproar? How to explain the necessary permits, and the actors' union he had gone to such lengths and such in Acapulco, this mob thought of the in­ the absurd ban? The Mexican student van­ approved the entry of the 15 Americans expense to make available to the public conveniences this would mean for the Amer­ guard could see only one item in the come­ cast for the parts. The entertainment taxes was shut down by the authorities. ican tourists in search of relaxation, who dy that could have made the hackles of the were even paid in advance, since Elias Which authorities? On Jan. 2, Acapulco would have to look for towns with balmier Diaz Ordaz government rise like that. Calles figured it to be a surefire hit. Re­ changed mayors. The new mayor, it seems, moral climates. The play has a scene about the discovery hearsals were held in Mexico City for had decided to clean up Acapulco and make At this point, no one less than the highly of America by Christopher Columbus. At months. it a moral, law-abiding town. He canceled virtuous Secretary of the Interior Luis that point, the actors trot out signs refer­ In December, the company moved to the permit for Hair which his predecessor Echeverria moved into the scene. His agents ring to Oct. 12. Some who saw the re­ Acapulco, where some benefit performances had issued- although, it appears, without arrested the "foreign actors" Jan. 5 because hearsals say that the placards did not were staged before the opening night on refunding the thousands of pesos paid in they did not have "work permits." carry the date "October 12." They read Jan. 3. advance in entertainment taxes. In defense of his department's order "October 2." That was the date of the The premiere, with all its fanfare, was Naturally his denunciations of the im­ giving the cast 24 hours to get out of the massacre in Tlatelolco. Some actor, or a smash hit, and the success was celebrated morality of the musical comedy made the country, he said: "If we were to let all sign painter, sympathetic to the student with a fiesta "a go-go" in Acapulco's "in" whole mafia of hotel and cabaret owners the tourists work, every year we would movement had left off the"!." cabaret, "Tiberio's" (owned, of course, by and proprietors of whorehouses, who are have to provide jobs for a million people." When the "hippies" left Mexico City, every Elias Calles). a prominent part of the scenic background, This observation was quite pertinent be­ paper ran photos of them on the front Acapulco, it looked like, was in for sit up and take notice. Would the new cause, in fact, the capitalist system in page. The reason for the ban became still another of the entertainment spectaculars mayor close down the joints where vice Mexico can barely dig up the half-million clearer. All of them were making the "V' for which the vacation center is famous, is featured on a belt-line basis? new jobs needed each year for the new con­ sign with their fingers. although this time the entertainment was Rumors circulated about some . . . tingents of youth entering the job market. The "V' for "Victory" or "Venceremos !" to have an "international" aura, something nudes in Hair. So, theinnumerablecabarets However, Echeveria glided over the real (We will win) has become a symbol in reason for banning Hair. In fact, as could Mexico of the revolutionary-minded stu­ BOOK REVIEW be proved, some of these foreign artists dent movement. Louisville authorities press their A new Brecht biography frame-up of six black militants BERTOLT BRECHT, His Life, His Art tiona! information about Brecht's conver­ By Robert Langston store in Washington, and illegally trans­ and His Times by Frederic Ewen. Citadel, sion to Marxism. FEB. 4 - By means of legal maneuvers porting a sawed-off shotgun across state 1967, 573 pp., $10. A fuller treatment of this phase would of monumental complexity and devious­ lines. These charges have been lodged and have been welcome, even if it had meant ness, Louisville, Ky., authorities have suc­ dropped or "filed away" at a bewildering Bertolt Brecht, the German poet and sacrificing some of the play summaries. ceeded in jailing James Cortez, a young rate, but total bail has always been main­ playwright (1898- 1956), perhaps the Brecht, unfortunately, equated Marxism black militant, for the past eight months tained at a level sufficient to keep Cortez greatest artist of the second quarter of this and Stalinism. While socialist posterity without ever allowing any of the various in jail. century, needs an artist to do justice to may overlook or forgive him for this, charges lodged against him to be tried. Early in June, Cortez, Hawkins and his life and his art. Frederic Ewen, a judging him primarily on his art, the At the same time, they have successfully Kuyu were charged with conspiring to former professor of English and author of readers of this century have the right to kept five other militant Louisville Afro­ dynamite the city's oil refineries. When a fine book on Heinrich Heine, hasn't know about Brecht's politics too. But the Americans under indictment for · "con­ they were finally indicted, along with the done what we'd like to read, but he has most disappointing parts of Ewen's book spiring" with Cortez to perpetrate a variety other three defendants, however, the charge are those dealing, or attempting to deal, written the fullest introduction to Brecht of outrages-the precise charges keep shif­ had been changed to the much vaguer one with Brecht's politics, and especially his in English. His play-by-play account, al­ ting -likewise without ever having brought of"conspiring to destroy private property," though pedestrian, should be of use to attitudes toward Stalinism, the purges of them to trial. and all the businesses damaged in the May readers unacquainted with the subject. the 1930s, and the heavy hand of the 27 uprising were listed in the bill of parti­ Among the best features are Ewen's pres­ bureaucracy in East Germany, where Cortez' codefendants are Manfred Reid, a realtor; Mrs. Ruth Bryant, prominent black culars. entation of the intellectual currents in Ger­ Brecht lived and worked after World War In the meantime, Manfred Reid, whose II. community leader and former member of many when Brecht grew up, and his own beating at the hands of a cop started the Let us hope the day will soon come the Lousiville Mayor's Citizens Advisory translations of many lines by Brecht­ whole sequence of events, was charged the best done yet. when Brecht's political views, including Committee; Pete Cosby; Sam Hawkins and with assault and battery of the cop who Ewen never really gets inside Brecht­ his errors and ambiguities, can be dis­ Robert Kuyu. attacked him. He was also charged with we do not feel we know the man better cussed objectively, without apologetics of The bizarre chain of events began last after reading the book. On the other hand, Ewen's variety or those of the cold war­ May 8, when, Reid says, a Louisville cop passing bad checks; this charge was later he avoids the cheap pseudopsychoanalysis riors on the other side. (Incidentally, Ewen beat him. The black community reacted filed away. that has marred the work of some of his is right when he says there is "little fact with a series of protests, and Hawkins, Then, on Sept. 24, the Kentucky lin­ predecessors; perhaps their errors scared to support [Isaac] Deutscher's conjectures" Kuyu and Cortez addressed a rally May American Activities Committee got into the him off. in his Trotsky biography that Brecht had 27. Following the rally, there was an act. At its hearings to investigate the Louis­ Ewen also does better than some of the been "in some sympathy with Trotskyism.") outbreak in the Louisville ghetto. ville uprising, Mrs. Ruth Bryant and Pete previous writers (in English) in handling After reading this book, the reader, of On June 1, Cortez, who had recently Cosby were mentioned for the first time in Brecht's theories about drama; at least course should turn to Brecht himself - moved to Louisville from Washington, connection with the events of May 27. On he takes them seriously. large parts of which are now available D. C., was arrested in his motel. The arrest Oct. 17, a grand jury returned indictments Brecht began his career after World War in the paperback collection edited by Eric slip carried the notation, "inciting to riot," against Cortez, Cosby, Reid, Mrs. Bryant, I as a bohemian, guitar and all, with Bentley and published by Grove Press. and bail was fixed at $25,000; but he was Hawkins and Kuyu on charges of "con­ strains of anarchism and nihilism not un­ (Random House has been talking about formally charged merely with committing spiring to destroy private property." like those encountered today among some publishing Brecht for years, but Grove a "common nuisance." Since then, the defendants have been hippies. In the late 1920s, however, he deserves the credit for actually making Cortez has been in jail since that morning. trying- unsuccessfully- to have the case came under the influence of Marxism, and the major plays available in English to Since then, he has been charged with a brought to trial. Understandably, the state considered himself a communist for the the present generation.) variety of other crimes, including cashing does not appear to want to have to try rest of his life. Ewen provides a little addi- -G.B. bad money orders, robbery of a liquor and sustain its phony charges in court. Page 8 THE MILITANT Friday, February 21, 1969

A discussion

of the SDS

youth resolution

REVOLUTIONARY SITUATION THAT MISSED. Demonstration of French worker-student­ teacher solidarity during revolutionary struggle last May. Absence of mass revolutionary party led to lost opportunity to end capitalist system.

By Gus Horowitz and Socialist parties limited the struggle other claimants to revolutionary leadership political program is the cynical, faction ally At its December 1968 national council to a disastrous policy of supporting bour­ are necessary. motivated intervention of the Progressive meeting, SDS passed a resolution, "To­ geois "democracy" against fascism. Again Political disputes Labor Party. wards a Revolutionary Youth Movement," in France and Italy at the close of World Radicalizing youth drawn to a socialist PL's view which declared the need to develop a class­ War II, revolutionary masses were diverted perspective soon find the terrain occupied PL, whose members have entered SDS, conscious youth movement. The resolution by the CP and SP into accepting capitalist by a myriad of contending factions. Their sees itself as the revolutionary party. SDS, assesses the revolutionary struggle as a "popular fronf' governments. political disputes are, as many are now to it is simply a mass student organi­ many-sided one that "necessitates an orga­ French events realizing, not as irrelevant or unnecessary zation, a fertile ground for recruitment. nization that is made up of youth and not In France last year, the revolutionary as they may seem. The issues involved are Any tendency for SDS to develop a political just students." Since ultimately the success outburst of the working class was con­ the great issues of revolutionary perspec­ program other than PL's is regarded as a of a socialist revolution rests upon the or­ tained when the strongest organization tive. The major tendencies in the world threat to PL. Hence PL's attempt to graft ganization of the working class and not within the working class, the pro-Moscow working-class movement- the social-dem­ its own program on SDS-the resolution only the youth, the resolution envisions Communist Party, pursued a course de­ ocratic parties, the pro-Moscow and pro­ on the black liberation struggle is an ex­ "a revolutionary youth movement as an signed to prevent the possibility of over­ Peking Communist parties, and the Trot­ ample. important part of building a full revolu­ throwing capitalism. skyist parties- present different courses Hence, also, P L' s opposition to" Towards tionary working-class movement." In Indonesia, the powerful Maoist-ori­ of action, different programs, to the work­ a Revolutionary Youth Movement," a reso­ This poses the question: What type of ented Communist Party diverted all revolu­ ing class. Which perspective the working organization is needed to organize and lution implying a different course for SDS tionary consciousness among the masses class adopts- and historically one ofthese lead a victorious struggle for the socialist than that of a student-support appendage into blanket support for Sukarno. Its disas­ ideological tendencies will usually predomi­ revolution? to PL-sponsored "worker-student alliance" trous course disarmed the workers and nate-will determine the fate of revolution­ The objective prerequisites for socialism projects. On the part of most SDSers, the oppressed peasantry and left a clear path ary possibilities for years to come. Around have existed for many years: 1) the evolu­ failure of the resolution to deal with the for the bloodbath by the military. these contending reformist, centrist and tion of capitalism from a progressive social question of the need for a party springs In the United States we can also expect revolutionary perspectives are the major system into a brake on human progress; largely from their not having a thought­ revolutionary possibilities to develop. To­ 2) the development of the economic condi­ contending radical parties built. out view on the question. But for the PLers day there is a significant growth of r adi­ tions necessary for socialism; 3) the ere­ In historical experience, all viable social­ in SDS the omission is a happy one. calism among students and black people. ist youth organizations have been political­ a tion of a working class sufficiently nu­ They see the question of a party as al­ Time and changed circumstances will also merous and concentrated to take power, ly aligned to one or another of the major ready settled by the existence of PL and change the minds of the majority of war k­ in whose interests the new social order radical parties. Such, for example, is the prefer that the SDS members not occupy ers, a process occurring even today. The would be created. The delay in achieving relation between the Young Socialist Alli­ themselves with the problem. After all, such inability of capitalism to resolve its crises the socialist revolution, a delay of many ance and the Socialist Workers Party. In a discussion poses the question of the his­ will drive the working class to seek alter­ decades, can be traced to inadequate con­ American radical history strong Commu­ tory, role and program of all the existing natives. At such a point the crucial issue sciousness of the task, rather than the ob­ nist Party and Socialist Party youth groups radical parties, as well as whether or not again will be whether there is a revolution­ jective impossibility of building socialism. have also been built. Independent a new one is needed. PL apparently sees ary party capable of leading the movement Previous experience youth groups have always had an epi­ no profit in such a discussion. toward the overthrow of capitalism. The problem of revolutionary conscious­ sodic existence, lasting only until clear lines Inextricably tied to the question of the SDS members and most other revolu­ ness has not been, as some assume, in the of political demarcation have been drawn. party is, of course, the decisive issue of tionary-minded youth now see the need for Part of the reason behind SDS's present program. This too is dealt with only in unwillingness of the masses of workers and some type of organization or party to carry internal factional difficulties is the reflection the most general way in the SDS document. other oppressed sections of the people to out a socialist revolution. Most see the of different embryonic (and finished) po­ We propose to discuss the question of the overthrow capitalism. Time and again development of revolutionary conscious­ revolutionary situations have arisen only litical tendencies. One of the problems that kind of program a revolutionary party ness as a long-term proposition in which to pass, leaving the capitalist system intact. SDS members have in thinking through a needs in a coming issue. propaganda, education, experience in The revolutionary mood of the mass was struggle, and objective developments will not matched by a conscious revolutionary all play their part. Capitalism, they recog­ organization able or willing to lead the nize, is a powerful and well-organized sys­ struggle successfully. A series of revolution­ I.F. Stone reports U.S. tem; to overthrow it organization is nec­ ary opportunities have been lost. essary. A few examples: In Germany in 1918- 1919, a revolutionary situation developed. Central role Among the leaders of the German working The paramount importance of building stepping up S. Viet war class were such outstanding figures as Rosa a revolutionary party, however, is not Luxemburg and Karl Licbknecht. But for really grasped. All historical experience in By Dick Roberts "The bombing oftheNorthendedNov.l. all the capable individual cadres, there was revolutionary struggle points to the central The escalation from our side began at the no strong revolutionary organization, no role of such a party. The lessons of the FEB. 13-New confirmation that Wash­ same time. In the three months since, more party, that had been built over the years victorious Russian Revolution and the les­ ington is using the Paris negotiations as than 2, 000 Americans have lost their lives." and was capable of combating the perni­ sons of defeated revolutions all drive this a cover for stepping up combat activity Stone cites that weekly AP casualty dis­ cious, reformist Social Democrats. That decisive point home. in South Vietnam comes from Washington Patch from Jan. 21 to describe the nature task was attempted, unsuccessfully, in the As Trotsky described it, "Theworldpolit­ Journalist I. F. Stone in the Feb. 10 issue of U.S. combat operations: "There has ical situation as a whole is chiefly charac­ course of the revolutionary struggle itself. of his informative Newsletter. Stone esti­ been no sustained large-scale fighting since terized by a historical crisis of the leader­ In Spain in 1936 the war kers were ready mates that more than 2,000 Gls have lost last fall ... thousands of U.S. and gov­ ship of the proletariat," i.e. the revolution­ for a socialist revolution. The Communist their lives in escalated U. S. activity in ary party. ernment troops carry out daily operations South Vietnam since the halt to the bombing The distinction between a party and a in search of an elusive enemy ... pushes movement is most important. A movement of the north. are also being made into areas long held of individual revolutionaries loosely In an analysis of ground combat opera­ by the Vietcong, and in these, even when The Invasion of aligned, if aligned at all, has never proved tions in South Vietnam, Stone concludes no opposition is encountered, there are capable of organizing victorious revolu­ that "the tempo of offensive operations causalties from mines and booby traps." tionary struggle, and it never will. Indi­ from our side has gone up about 25 per­ He concludes, "Neither the U.S. mili­ viduals and the general "movement" will cent in December over November." Both tary nor the Saigon regime ever wanted Czechoslovakia surely participate in struggles, but only U.S. and Saigon battalion-sized opera­ to negotiate. The Paris talks for them a cohesive party formed around apolitical tions increased during that period. only make it easier to continue the war." e First Balance Sheet p~ogram can organize and lead the struggle The number of attacks mounted by the Stone also warns his readers not to e The Prague Club's Program itself. National Liberation Front is information take refuge in the idea that the change­ e Czech Student Appeal The development of mass socialist con­ classified by the Pentagon, but it is known over of administrations will make any e Fidel Castro's Position sciousness and the building of the van­ to be considerably smaller. difference. He calls attention to the state­ guard revolutionary party are interrelated Stone believes that the"escalation" of U.S. ment President Nixon made in his first tasks, but they are not the same. In the combat activity in South Vietnam was press conference that "it is not helpful preparatory period prior to a revolution­ pegged to "military limitations" imposed in discussing Vietnam to use such terms ary upsurge, party building- that is, as­ with the cessation of the bombing of North as 'cease-fire."' 65 cents sembling a cohesive revolutionary cadre­ Vietnam. This, Stone says, allowed Wash­ "Until the bombing pause," Stone de­ is the necessary axis of revolutionary strat­ ington "to move considerable forces from clares, "the U. S. official line was to call egy. Incalculable difficulties would prevail the northern part of South Vietnam where for a cease-fire as the price of a bombing Merit Publishers were the party left to be forged only in the they had been on guard against a possible halt. The line has changed because we course of a revolutionary upsurge itself. invasion from the DMZ. These forces have hope to exploit the present situation by 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 An extended process of cadre building, been moved south, for 'pacification' opera­ 'clean-up' operations against the guerril­ political experience and contention with tions in the Mekong Delta . . . las in the South." Page 9 Friday, February 21, 1969 THE MILITANT

By Milton Alvin sick society. Sixty-seven percent thought it to 1,000 and a program. "They know controlled, faceless and immoral. The state­ Back in February 1966, Fortune ma­ was a mistake to send U.S. troops to fight what to do when the revolution comes," ment says, "Now that we produce enough gazine published an article that dealt with in Vietnam. Sixty-nine percent described says Fortune. to feed, clothe and shelter every American, the attitudes of college students towards themselves as doves rather. than hawks. Progressive Labor is described as small, should we not turn our efforts to improving the business world. The finding at that Eighty-six percent thought we should set tightly knit, well organized and rigid in its the quality of our lives? The profit system time was, "Rejection of business is strong our own house in order before we police party line. The W. E. B. DuBois Clubs are does not permit us to do so." now." The magazine found that a sur­ the rest of the world. dismissed as hardly counting today. The huge corporations, reaching over­ prisingly small number of students were On the draft, 67 percent thought that Perhaps the most interesting article in seas to make profits, are blamed for mak­ looking forward to careers in industry resistance is justified under any circum­ the Fortune issue is a free-form statement ing this country imperialist. Invasions of and banking despite the elaborate recruit­ stances. Sixty-six percent felt that civil dis­ synthesizing and codifying the views of other countries- such as Nicaragua in ment methods used by many large corpo­ obedience is justified under any circum­ the student critics. This is written by Asso­ the 1920s and '30s on behalf of the United rations, banks and other business insti­ stances. Sixty percent opposed the action ciate Editor Wierzynski on the basis of Fruit Company and, more recently, Cuba tutions. of the police at the Chicago Democratic 200 interviews conducted on a score of and the Dominican Republic, plus Viet­ The serious concern of the ruling class, convention. Seventy-one percent thought campuses. It uses a form of the composite nam- are roundly condemend. Contol of for whom Fortune is published, with this this country is doing too little for black critic stating his views. universities by big-business-dominated re­ question is reflected in the special January people. In it the critics accuse present society of gents and trustees is opposed. Ties between 1969 issue of the magazine, entitled"Amer­ Eighty-seven percent would welcome "a perverted frame of mind- a frame of the government and big business are ex­ ican Youth: Its Outlook is Changing the more emphasis in this country on mind that tolerates injustice, insensitivity, posed. World." The issue contains no less than combating poverty. Feeling of solidarity lack of candor , and inhumanity." The The draft is described as symbolic of 15 articles dealing with various aspects and identification with students was 72 critics say that everywhere they turn they the straitjacket society places on the indi­ of what is taking place among young percent as against 65 percent for one's face "bigness, bigotry and paradox." "A vidual. The war in Vietnam comes in for people in this country. family. nation founded on the belief," they say, a particular scorching condemnation. Summing up the new findings, Mana­ A strong trend towards democratic rights "that all men are created equal, it syste­ The critics aver thattheirviewshavebeen ging Editor Louis Banks writes, "That is shown in the fact that 92 percent are matically denies civil rights and economic gained through experience and that they cloud on the horizon spotted by Fortune for more freedom to debate and disagree opportunity to its black citizens. A nation are not doctrinaire, although they have (and others) nearly three years ago has openly and 93 percent welcomed more born of revolution, it is now pressing its read some radical and revolutionary au­ now become an incipient hurricane, and the acceptance of other people's peculiarities. overwhelming might upon a popular up­ thors. 'current attitudes of the young' pose what In general, the two other groups who rising 8,000 miles away, on the side of "Viewing these conditions, some of us is perhaps the central question of our answered the same questions, the practical a corrupt oligarchy of its own creation." think that the whole social system ought day." college and the no-college, took more con­ The statement sharply criticizes re­ to be replaced by an entirely new one; There is one glaring omission in the sur­ servative stands, with the no-college group pression of free speech and assembly, un­ the existing structures are too rotten for vey. There is no special focus at all on the most conservative of the three. responsiveness to popular will, and im­ repair," the statement continues. "And so, the black and other minority youth. Since Of the 22.8 million Americans in the movable institutions. Big business is con­ some of us advocate a revolution." most of the campus struggles of today 1 8-to-24 age group almost eight million demned; it is held to be undemocratically One cannot help but agree. are taking place around issues brought are or have been in college. This is twice to the fore by minority students, mostly the figure for 10 years ago and about the blacks, this seems a serious short­ four times the figure for 1938. If we apply coming. the 42 percent figure (those who are more Boston-area Young Socialists Those who interviewed students asked interested in change) to the eight million questions designed to effect a division be­ who are classified as the youth, we come tween those who were attending school up with a very respectable number of with the aim of getting practical benefits, radical and potentially radical elements. announce educational weekend earning more money, having a more in­ It should also be borne in mind that this does not include the now swiftly radicalizing teresting career and enjoying a better posi­ BOSTON- The Boston area Young So­ place in the Little Theater on Cuba, Latin high-school youth. tion in society, as opposed to those less cialist Alliance will hold a public conference America, black liberation, G Is in the anti­ concerned with practical benefits than with Assistant Managing Editor Daniel Selig­ on revolutionary politics, "The Dynamics war movement, the labor movement, and the opportunity to change things. The man points out that no other society in of World Revolution Today," from Friday, France. survey showed that 58 percent were in history has ever "had to deal with" mass Feb. 28 to Sunday, March 2. Saturday evening at 8 o'clock the Mili­ the first or "practical-minded" category, educated youth. He says, "These parti­ The opening session will take place at tant Labor Forum will sponsor an eye­ while the rest were in the second. cular masses, furthermore, are condem­ 8:15 Friday evening, Feb. 28. Dick Ro­ witness report, with slides, on Cuba, by We can conclude from the above figures, ning society in the most sweeping and berts, staff member of The Militant, and Stuart Singer, a Young Socialist who has as well as experience itself, that some 42 extravagant terms. Some of their views managing editor of the Internationaf So­ just returned from a five weeks' visit to percent, or almost half the college student have a quite revolutionary potential in­ cialist Review, will speak on "Economic Cuba. The meeting will be held at 295 body, can be classified as radical and left­ volving challenges to constituted legal au­ Aspects of Imperialism." The session will Huntington Ave., Boston. liberal minded, is dissatisfied with things thority and to democratic procedures in be held at the Student Center of the Massa­ On Sunday, at 11 a.m., John Barzman, as they are, and is ready to listen to new general. Some formulations challenge the chusetts Institute of Technology. a Harvard senior and national committee ideas and in many cases to act on such 'moral authority' of the business system." Saturday's sessions will open with an member of the YSA who was formerly ideas. While it is claimed that only a small "Eyewitness Report: The Struggle for Work­ politically active in France, will speak on The answers to specific questions given minority, two percent, can be classified ers Democracy in Czechoslovakia." The "The American Student Movement and the by the group that is more interested in as activists, that is, already committed to speaker will be Ralph Schoenman of the Lessons of France." This meeting will be change than in practical benefits confirms one or another organization, a much larger Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation. held in the MIT Little Theater. the general radical mindedness of these number is admitedly influenced and Schoenman's talk will beheld at 10:30 a.m., At 1 p.m., George Novack, associate students. brought into motion when issues arise. March 1, in the Little Theater, Kresge Audi­ editor of the International Socialist Review Here are some sample findings from with­ SDS, Resistance, Resist and the National torium, at MIT. will speak in the Little Theater on "Reform in this group only: 50 percent rejected Mobilization Committee to End the War 1:00 p.m. Derrick Morrison, national and Revolution in American History." Nixon, Humphrey and Wallace in the recent in Vietnam are listed as the most broadly executive committee member of the Young Registration will be $2 for the entire Presidential race; 27 percent thought the based in terms of ideology on the campus. Socialist Alliance, will speak on "The Afro­ conference, or 50 cents a session. For Vietnam war the most important problem The Young Socialist Alliance is described American Liberation Struggle and the Co­ further information, write YSA, 305 Wash­ facing the country, while 32 percent thought as partly new left and partly old, and lonial Revolution." This session will also ington St., Cambridge, Mass. 02139 or racial problems and civil rights the most having loose ties to the Socialist Workers be held in the Little Theater. phone (617) 536- 6981 or (617) 547- important. Fifty percent thought ours a Party, with a claimed membership of close At 3 p.m., discussion groups will take 8557. Page 10 THE MILITANT Friday, February 21, 1969

HOW THE LESS DEVELOPED LANDS ARE FARING How Colombia SHARE or WORLD EXPORTS (Percent) progresses with the fAIIiance'

By Robert Langston Colombia, where 20 million people live TERMS Or TRADE (Index 1950=100) in the extreme northwest of the South Ameri­ CExport prices divicled by import prices) can continent on anareasomewhatsmaller than that of Alaska, was selected in 1961 by the planners of the then just launched Alliance for Progress to be the "showcase" of that ambitious project to bring "peaceful social change and progress" to Latin Ameri­ ca. The choice seemed a wise one. The country had recently thrown off a military dictatorship and had a popularly elected government. Its industrial base ranked fourth in Latin America, surpassed only by Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. It pos­ Source: lnle,.,lionol Bonk lor Reconstruction 1m/ Oerelopmenl sessed a flourishing "free enterprise" indus­ trial sector and, as a result, an "elite" rela­ Tilt New Vork Times Jan. 17, 1969 tively enlightened by Latin American stan­ Nuez, Havana dards. Now, seven years later, the staff of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee has taken a close look at the showcase, and it opment is going down as the decade of oped countries when they desire, to "infra­ has found the wares pretty shoddy. In a AID's "program loans" -lump-sum loans disappointment. Let us hope that the '70s structure" development- road building, statement accompanying the staffs report, to finance imports-which, the Fulbright won't turn into the decade of disaster." education, public health, etc.- that contrib­ "Columbia-A Case History of U.S. Aid," staff disclosed, are not tied to the proclaimed social goals of the Alliance, but to the ex­ There is no reason to suppose that these utes to the profitability of foreign private Senator J. William Fulbright, chairman of port requirements of U. S. industry and to investments, and to projects that will sup­ the committee, cautiously summarized the trends will be reversed. For they are only the Colombian government's fiscal and ply a demand for the monopolies' exports. report's findings: U. S. economic aid since an expression ofthefundamentalstructural But all these uses of investment capital 1962 has "fallen far shorf' of the social and monetary policies. These policies are features of imperialism, of world monop­ have no connection with the most produc­ economic goals announced by the Alliance. strongly influenced by the international fi­ oly capitalism. tive use of capital for the economy of the According to a summary of the report in nancial institutions on which the govern­ In the first place, rapid, balanced eco­ underdeveloped country as a whole. It is the Feb. 2 New York Times, $732 million ment is increasingly dependent. In the nomic growth of the underdeveloped coun­ thus not surprising that the Foreign Rela­ of U.S. "aid" has been dispensed in Colom­ words of the report, "The rhetoric of the tries under capitalism would require the bia by the Agency for International Devel­ Alliance for Progress was lost in the arcane possibility of a drastic change in income tions Committee staff found that AID "pro­ opment (AID) since the start ofthe program world of international finance." distribution, so that the presently utterly gram loans" were tied not to the "social in 1962. The Alliance plan anticipated a The case of Colombia is especially sig­ impoverished peasantry- the great ma­ goals" of the Alliance, but to the export 2.5 percent annual increase in per capita nificant, not only because it was chosen to jority of the population in these countries­ requirements of American industry and the be the Alliance's "showcase," but also be­ gross national product; since 1962, how­ could become the basis of a mass-consump­ monetary policies of the Colombian gov­ cause its economic performance has in fact ever, Colombian per capita GNP has risen tion, home market. ernment, policies which are in turn dictated been better than that of most underdevel­ on average only 1.2 percent annually­ In the absence of such a potential mar­ largely by the monopolists' own interna­ oped countries. Thus, while Colombia has from $276 to $295. ket, the most profitable domestic invest­ tional financial institutions. shown a real per capita GNP increase of During the same period, the agrarian ments for native capital are not in those Finally, rapid and balanced economic 1.2 percent, Alfred L. Malabre Jr., writing reform program, enacted in 1961, has led branches of the economy that contribute to development of the underdeveloped coun­ in the Jan. 31, 1968, Wall Street Journal, to the distribution of land titles to just the economic development of the country, tries under capitalism would require a will­ reported: "A private study by a large New 54,000 landless families, while the Ful­ but in unproductive, speculative ventures, ingness on the part of foreign monopolies York City bank shows that since 1965 bright report estimates that there are 400,- like real estate, and in industrial branches and the imperialist governments that are [i.e. during 1966-1967]the 'real'percapita 000 such families (this is undoubtedly an fabricating luxuries for the small, wealthy their agents to break with the whole pre­ GNP of some poor nations actually has underestimate) and that they are increas­ section of the population. vailing pattern of world economic relations, been declining. In Ghana and Indonesia ing in number at the rate of 10 percent per But drastic land reform- a virtual agrar­ to encourage a fundamentally new world this GNP figure has dropped roughly five year. Further, according to the report, the ian revolution- as well as drastic changes division of labor and world distribution percent since 1965, the bank estimates. In Colombian government prior to 1967 in tax policies would be required to alter of ownership, productivity, markets and India, in the same period, there has been failed to enforce its own revised tax laws. the existing income distribution. These re­ income. That is, it would require that the Also, the government has "barely begun" no increase. In Brazil and Kenya, the forms could only take place at the expense monopolies facilitate the rise of new, pow­ increase since 1965 has averaged barely to do anything to change the nation's ex­ of the existing land owners. But these land erful competitors in the capitalist world tremely lopsided income distribution. The one percent annually." owners are either large, foreign-owned mo­ market. But a monopoly is a monopoly Times dispatch summarized the report's The general situation was summed up by nopolies or members of the native ruling just because the limitation of competition conclusion: "The country's social structure a UN official quoted by Malabre in the classes- the very "elites" on whom the Alli­ enables it to win superprofits. The over­ remains 'essentially unchanged' with close same article. Commenting on the UN-spon­ ance for Progress, for example, was sup­ riding political aim of every monopolist is to two-thirds of the population not partici­ sored project to make the 1960sthe"decade posed to rely to bring about the reforms! not merely to preserve and extend capital­ pating 'in the economic and political de­ of development"- the Alliance was to be a It is thus not too surprising that the Ful­ ism on a world scale but to maintain, or cision-making' process." major U. S. contribution to this undertak­ bright Committee found both land and change only to increase its monopoly ad­ The study singles out for special criticism ing-the official said, "The decadeofdevel- taxation reform seriously lagging in Co­ vantage, the prevailing, historically lombia. evolved pattern of monopoly relationships. Second, rapid and balanced economic Thus, every capitalist monopoly in the development of the underdeveloped coun­ world has an interest inassuringthatwhat­ tries under capitalism would require that ever economic development takes place in foreign capital-whether private or public, the underdeveloped countries is confined and whether in the form of loans, grants, within such limits that no new competitor or direct investments-flow into economic appears on the scene to undermine its es­ branches that would aid industrial and tablished monopoly position. agricultural development. But the inter­ Capitalism is no longer able to develop national monopolies that carry on the bulk the world's productive forces on a world of private foreign investment, and the im­ scale. Within its constricting framework, perialist governments that serve their inter­ the social miseries of hunger, disease and ests, place their funds where they will con­ ignorance that afflict the great majority of tribute most towards maximizing the mo­ mankind cannot begin to be eliminated. nopolies' profits. The debacle of the "decade of development," This means that private investments will the outcome of the Alliance for Progress, go overwhelmingly to the extractive indus­ and the story of Colombia demonstrate tries that supply the monopolies with essen­ anew that only through socialist revolu­ tial raw materials and to local industries tion, through the expropriation of landed that provide a good market for the monop­ oligarchies and international monopolies, olies' exports of industrial goods. It means through liberation of the nations from the that public loans and grants and loans "arcane world ofinternationalfinance," and from international financial institutions will through the beginning of the construction go overwhelmingly to finance military ex­ of the national elements of a genuinely penditures to protect the monopolists' hold­ international, rationally and democratic­ ings, to loans to governments to make it ally planned world economy, can the his­ fmancially possible for the monopolies to torical burden of underdevelopment be remove their profits from the underdevel- thrown off. Friday, February 21, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 11

A Gl visits a town •

South Vietnam

Nguyen Thu

By Larry L. Sluder rockets and street-fighting. Unlike Cam in the early evening, it is all peaceful and much money. She asks if I have $5 and I Ranh village, Vung Tau, Saigon and Plei­ a little like a sleepy town in the American say no. The girl says she must have some (The author was a noncommissioned ku, however, Nha Trang is still funda­ deep south. money but that $1 is enough. I wonder officer in the U.S. Army who served in mentally a Vietnamese city, although Amer­ Announcing that you are near the city why it is only $1 now, and they answer Vietnam last year in a helicopter battalion.) icans are everywhere. is a three-story-tall, white plaster Buddha, in a Vietnamese phrase which I don't The trip from Dong Ba Thin, several sitting on a low hill and overlooking both understand. When I leave, everyone is The southern part of Vietnam, in addition miles north of Cam Ranh Bay, to Nha the city and the bay of Nha Trang. At friendly and warns against driving back to being often harsh and eroded by a Trang is one I made frequently, both by the base of the hill is a Buddhist elementary at night. quarter century of both civil and national helicopter and by truck, on official busi­ school, the young boys in white shirts. Other We decide to drive back immediately fighting, is also a queerly enchanting and ness and out of pleasurable expediency. children, not so lucky as to attend school, rather then spend the night in the city. beautiful place. On first landing in the nigh This trip, if you can forget your uniform offer to watch the truck for a few piasters. In the dark, the overhanging trees look impenetrable Cam Ranh base, the eye is and weapon in a country completely ho­ We go on to what the Americans call more like water oaks draped with Spanish drawn not to the sandy, bunkeredquonsets stile to the ideas that uniform and weapon the Beach Road, a stretch of miles of se­ moss, and the nightbirds seem louder than and billets that the military has scattered represent, is as entrancing as traveling the gregated beaches, the kind of beaches which the gun fire from the hills. As Bac Ho over all its privileged sanctuaries but to American Blue Ridge Mountains or the would make the fortunes of hundreds of said, each man must learn a foreign lan­ the decaying French villas and to the long green coast of Jamaica. Florida real-estate entrepreneurs. To the guage, must learn to draw, must learn stretches of beach and Carribean-likewater Aesthetically, it is most beautiful in the right are old French villas, now private to work a little for the benefit of all, and which is the Bay of Cam Ranh. America early evening. It is not safe, however, to clubs, restaurants and residences. There must each day learn some lesson, even has no beaches like these, rocky on one travel except in the day, for the rubber is also what appears to be a POW com­ from the most common and trivial inci­ side and with white, powder sand on the plantations on the left, which extend nearly pound. Turning back toward the central dent. other, the ocean floor smooth and gently to the road, and the steep-rising hills on part of the city, we park our 3/4-ton sloping for several hundred feet into the the right are places where the local popu­ truck on Due Lap Avenue, and on the fifth water. Except on Sundays, when most of lation or elements of Front regulars can floor of the Nha Trang Hotel we order Oakland Panthers the soldiers around Cam Ranh have half easily ambush or fire on your vehicle. Vietnamese beer, a steak and fried potatoes a day off, and when only Budweiser and QL-1 is paved only a few kilometers north from a menu written in French. Here a Can ada Dry ginger ale are sold from dirty· of Cam Ranh and after a rain, the road room with air conditioning is 2 0 American initiate children's concessions, the beaches are mostly is impassable. Bridges do not last long. dollars; a girl from the hotel is another deserted. But to the few soldiers who are interested, 20, and marijuana is ten cents a cigarette. To the north of Cam Ranh military com­ the trip is a mild adventure through lush From the garden above the restaurant breakfast program plex, on the partiallysurfaced, partially rubber trees, weird semi-Americanized vil­ the slums and shrines of the city sparkle Under a "Breakfast for Children Pro­ graveled QL-1, is Nha Trang, a moderate­ lages which sport poor cattle and a rich in the sun. gram" sponsored by the Black Panther ly large city which, like other major cities selection of Vietnamese 33 beer, Schlitz Off Due Lap, we visit a bar. Beer is Party, black school children in Oakland, in the country, suffers occasional mortars, and Coca Cola; it is tropically warm and 85 cents. There are perhaps 15 girls. One Calif. are being served hearty breakfasts sits beside me, talking in bits of English, at St. Augustines' Church each morning. Vietnamese, French-"number ten, xin loi, Attendance at the breakfasts, which in­ tete, beaucoup." The woman who runs the clude eggs, sausage or bacon, fruit, grits bar indicates she wants 15 dollars to let and hot chocolate, has gone from 11 The Great Society the girl leave and the girl will negotiate children on the first day to a regular her price later. I tell them I have no money. crowd of well over a hundred, and the We drink American beer and talk about number is steadily increasing. The Pan­ The Educators- Bruno Bettelheim, Uni­ Reducing Surplus- Sicilian citrus work­ Nha Trang and Saigon, about the trip thers now hope to encourage other church­ versity of Chicago psychologist, comment­ ers demanding government price supports from Dong Ba Thin. The girl says that Nha es to begin working on similar programs ing on the student sit-in there, confided pelted cops with a barrage of oranges. Trang is better than Saigon, that things are for children in other areas. to newsmen that some of the rank-and-file cheaper here. By way of conversation, A recent statement on the breakfast pro­ demonstrators were "paranoics." But their Ain't It the Truth! - Author Herman she says that the Viet Cong are number gram by the Panthers' national advisory leaders, he advised, were "very rational Wouk (Marjorie Morningstar, etc.) says ten, very bad (perhaps that is so, to the cabinet declared that "revolutionaries al­ people who are trying to foment a revo­ that for the communist countries, "words eyes of a bar girl- both the Front and ways go forth to answer the poor and lution." The estimate was rounded out by are only tools for politics and war. The the Nha Trang police extract large sums oppressed people's momentary desires and faculty member Dr. Charles Huggins, who lie as such does not exist; truth is relative in return for assurances that the bars needs while waging a revolutionary strug­ said some the demonstrators were "ado­ to state needs." Wouk offered this wonder­ will stay open). But to see her reaction, gle for freedom." lescent ugly ducklings," while other (non­ fully appropriate moral judgement in an and as a kind of joke, I answer that the In the statement the Panthers asked that ugly?) were "hard-core revolutionaries who article- so help us- on the good ship Viet Cong are number one, that I am an "all persons, particularly mothers, college wish to bring America to her knees." Pueblo. There, you' II recall, the captain American cong, that I sympathize with people, high-school BS U sttudents, and and his government offered splendid ex­ the Front, even though I wear the Amer­ church people who are interested in help­ Comedian?- Todor Pavlov, member of amples of "our" morality. The captain ican uniform. She is quiet for a moment ing to see this program continued at St. the politburo of the Bulgarian Commu­ said he lied in his confession to the North and talks with the woman who manages Augustine's, contribute labor, time, money, nist Party, suggested that the USSR and Koreans; the government said it lied in the bar. food or needed materials." its allies in the invasion of Czechoslovakia its apology to them- and then put the They return together and ask me if I If you would like to help, contact the be awarded an international peace prize. captain on trial for lying. wouldn't like to stay with the girl that Black Panther Party national headquarters night. I tell them again that I don't have at 3106 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley. Science Fiction Dep't.- The Daily World, And a Trffie Senile? - Designer George Halley, whose dresses start at $400 (eve­ voice of the Communist Party, suggested ------clip and mail ------that Jan Palach, the Czech youth who ning gowns from $1,000), says women immolated himself, had really been murd­ aren't really women until they're over 30. ered. Extending the Franchise - The Wyo­ A Few People Suspected As Much - ming state senate amended a bill to lower Special New Operating with funds from the federal Dep­ the voting age to 19, specifying that the to Readers artment of Health, Education and Welfare, privilege would apply only to those with the distinguished sociologist, Daniel Bell, short haircuts. Perhaps that's so the re­ If you would like to get better acquainted with THE MILITANT, you has completed a study of the "social well­ gistrars can assure that the skulls of pro­ may obtain a special, introductory three-month subscription for $]. (if being of the nation." On the basis of ex­ spective voters are at least of an equal tensive research, buttressed by years of quality of thickness as those of the men you're already sold on the paper, you can help out by sending a reg­ specialized training, Dr. Bell concluded: who govern in their behalf. u Ia r one-year subscription for 54.) "After a variety of factors are taken into account, there is evidence that Negroes Transplants - An example of how our D Enclosed is $1 for a 3 month introductory subscription. are not as well off as whites when both free-enterprise society creates a variety of D Enclosed is $4 for a 1 year regular subscription. have the same qualifications." socially necessary labor is the New York D For Gls-$1 for a 6-month introductory subscription. manicurist who saves nail clippings to The Legal Way - The San Francisco graft onto upset ladies with broken ones. office of Bache & Co. is presenting a series NAME ...... of lectures on the workings of the stock Spirit Moved Him - There's a happy market to inmates at San Quentin Prison. ending to our report of a while back Apparently designed to suggest that it that members of Canada's mounted police STREET ...... pays to keep it legal, the course is of were joining in choirs with prisoners to largely academic value since California promote the theme of Justice and Mercy. law bars prisoners from investing. Maybe At the conclusion of one such service, CITY ...... STATE ...... ZIP . ... . officials view the market something like one of the prisoners apparently departed those who see marijuana as the road to with the mounties. heroin. -Harry Ring Send to: The Militant, 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 Page 12 THE MILITANT Friday, February 21, 1969 L.A. socialists nominate ticket

By Gordon Bailey cerned only with maintaining discipline and moving the students from class to LOS ANGELES - Revolutionary so­ class and out of the school regardless cialists have entered one of the most hotly of their real educational needs. contested municipal elections in recent Los Angeles history. The Socialist Workers Both black and brown youth have reacted Party has nominated William E. Hathaway strongly against being cheated of an edu­ for mayor and Della Rossa for board of cation. They have organized, walked out education, post six. of classes, demonstrated and demanded Dissatisfaction with the present Y orty community control of their own schools, administration extends from the black peo­ their teachers, and their curriculum. ple who haveenduredeightyears ofYorty's Yorty's administration has answered COMMUNITY racist policies to the big business interests these demands by arresting leaders of the around the Los Angeles Times who are Chicano students and talking of "law and unhappy over Yorty's apparent neglect order" instead of the serious problems of the duties of his office. of the city schools. While Yorty has been junketing about Adult workers are faring little better the world on expense-paid trips and telling than the students under Yorty's admini­ the voters how he would intensify the war stration. For over a year imported profes­ CONTROL in Vietnam, the problems of the country's sional scabs have been producing the city's second largest city have gone unsolved. second major newspaper. Antiscab ordi­ OF THE Conditions in the ghetto have only worse­ nances have barred such rats from some ned since the Watts uprising of 1965. The other cities. But the weak organized labor unemployment rate among minority people movement in this open shop citadel has is one of the highest in the nation. The been unable to defend the locked-out union printers at Hearst's Herald Examiner. SCl-IOOLS!~;;it,______transportation system is so bad that many people cannot even reach jobs that are Unemployment rates are higher than in available. other large cities, and the welfare rolls Della Rossa, SWP candidate for Los Angeles board of education and Chicano Schools in the minority communities are among the largest. It is estimated that by students. turning out "graduates" who can scarcely 1970 a million people will be subsisting read at grammar-school level. In the huge on welfare in Los Angeles. Employed and the well-being of Los Angeles residents. as just a means to corral votes for the Mexican-American community, the drop­ unemployed workers alike are burdened Although Mayor Yorty cannot be held status quo. out rate in high schools runs as high by a six percent combined city and state responsible for the recent heavy rains, his The Socialist Workers Party will address as 57 percent. sales tax, one of the highest in the nation. corrupt building inspectors and the venal its vigorous election campaign to both Racist-minded teachers have been con- Even the weather has conspired against real-estate interests can be faulted for minorities, as well as the white working permitting home building on sites that can class and youth. Bill Hathaway, an X- ray be washed away in a heavy rain. technician who ran for the board of edu­ Scandals have been so numerous in the cation in 1967 will stress the need for com­ Bay Area unionists, various city departments that it is hard munity control of the police, for continued for citizens to keep track of them all. If opposition to the Vietnam war, and for just the present prosecutions are successful, socialist solutions to our problems. it would appear that a number of city Della Rossa, who is running for the departments would have to be operated board of education, has been active in students in aid pact from behind prison bars. Chicano struggles. She is also the author In view of all these mounting problems, of the pamphlet on the Watts uprising, By Nat Weinstein a profound source of the power of the it is not surprising that many citizens "Why Watts Exploded." This text is being RICHMOND, Calif. - The executive organized workers. We earned the support believe they can do a better job than the used at Cal State, Long Beach. committee of striking Local 1-561 of the of the community- the minority groups present administration. Sixteen people have Della Rossa calls for community control Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Union in particular-by our actions in solidarity qualified for a place on the ballot for of the schools, for bilingual classes in the (AFL-CIO) here has unanimously ap­ with people getting a dirty deal from the mayor, despite the $700 filing fee required. Mexican-American community, and for an proved a resolution calling for a mutual big corporations and the establishment." A hundred candidates will be on the ballot educational system that will be relevant aid pact between the oil workers and strik­ But, Jacobs continued, this moral autho­ competing for seven posts on a newly to youth who are struggling to create ing students and teachers at San Fran­ rity has been seriously undermined by created junior-college board. a new society that will replace theworn­ cisco State College. The executive commit­ "the smug complacence and blind narrow­ Among the more serious contenders for out capitalist system. mayor is Alphonso Bell, former Republican tee proposal was slated to be submitted mindedness of the bulk of the labor move­ People active in the black and brown congressman, whose well-heeled campaign, to a full union membership meeting on ment. ... We are going to revive the old communities have already endorsed the full page ads and bill boards suggest he Feb. 13. spirit of solidarity and identification with SWP candidates. Among them are: Julia is getting the backing of the anti-Yorty The committee's action followed a Feb. 7 progressive social causes that characterized Mount, Chicano Educational Issues Com­ elements among the people of property. call for such a pact issued by G. T. Jacobs, the historic movement of organized workers mitte; Tana Luna Mount, activist at Roose­ The working people of Los Angeles can secretary-treasurer of Local 1-1561, in as­ for justice and equality. We fully expect velt High School; Bob Freeman, parent have little hope of better things from this sociation with representatives of the S. F. in time to strike a responsive cord through­ active with Fremont High Black Student candidate. State Third World Liberation Front and out the length and breadth of American Union; Fernando Gaxiola, Cleveland A more liberal candidate who will get Local 1352, American Federation of trade unionism. The strains of the old House activist and member of editorial serious consideration from the voters is Teachers, the S. F. State teachers' union. union song 'Solidarity Forever' will be group, Chicano Student and Bob Morales, Councilman Thomas Bradley. A black leader of Lucha. The Feb. 7 statement explained the sig­ given renewed meaning and once again man and a former police lieutenant, nificance of the proposed pact. "There was reverberate throughout the land." Bradley has served on the city council for a time," Jacobs said, "when we in the labor On Feb. 12, in response to these calls the last three terms. Given the unrest in movement were widely respected as the for mutual aid, over 300 Third World Los Angeles, Bradley feels he might repeat champions of the underdog. That was and other students and teachers from S. F. the success of Carl Stokes in Cleveland state joined the striking member of Local and become the second Afro-American 1-561 before the entrances of the Standard mayor of a major American city. Oil refinery here. A busload of longshore­ Los Angeles blacks comprise only 18 men, painters, and other trade unionists percent of the electorate; but Mexican-Amer­ from the Bay Area also helped man the icans form another 23 percent. United, picket line. these two minorities could wield a powerful A small army of police, outfitted in tacti­ 41 percent of the vote. Bradley has appealed cal-police style, wearing gas masks, armed to the Mexican-Americans for an electoral with four-foot-long clubs, tear-gas guns, coalition for this election. helmets, and plexiglass space masks, at­ Mexican-Americans are divided on this tacked about 200 pickets manning one of question. Their one candidate for the city the main entrances to the refinery. council, Ernest Cortes, opposes the idea, Using tear gas and clubs, they broke largely on the worst grounds. A conser­ the picket line and herded the pickets down vative who voted for Barry Goldwater, a seldom-traveled service road alongside Cortes tries to deny the common interests the refinery, away from the view of passers­ of the black and brown people as oppressed by. Poking and jabbing the retreating minorities. pickets, they attempted to provoke a re­ At the other end of the political scale sponse that would permit them to unleash the militant Chicano youth and Brown the full force of their weaponry. Berets view Bradley as an ex-cop who The oilworkers' leaders responded to the has never broken with the establishment. unequal relationship of forces by organi­ This view of Bradley is shared by the zing the retreat and calling for a march Black Panthers and other militant groups to the near-by Chevron chemical plant, in the black community. Black Student which is also on strike. There, more pickets Union members note that Councilman and a soundtruck were stationed. By the Bradley never came to their aid when time the Standard strikers and their sup­ they were embroiled in struggle with the porters had reached the Chevron plant, reactionary board of education. they had disengaged themselves from the Militants of both races would applaud Our next issue will present a number cops. the formation of a united front of these of special features commemorating the A rally was held in front of the Chevron two powerful minorities behind a slate of fourth anniversary of the death of Striking oil union leader G. T. Jacobs plant, with speeches by Jacobs, Roger Alve­ candidates who would break with the city Malcolm X, including a letter he wrote after being beaten by cops in police rado of the Third World Liberation Front political machine and two parties. Butthey from Africa to members of his organi­ station. See interview page 6. at S. F. State, and others. see Bradley's attempt to form a coalition zation six months before his death.