A MILLET ATLAS Some Identification Guidance
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Breeding System Diversification and Evolution in American Poa Supersect. Homalopoa (Poaceae: Poeae: Poinae)
Annals of Botany Page 1 of 23 doi:10.1093/aob/mcw108, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Breeding system diversification and evolution in American Poa supersect. Homalopoa (Poaceae: Poeae: Poinae) Liliana M. Giussani1,*, Lynn J. Gillespie2, M. Amalia Scataglini1,Marıa A. Negritto3, Ana M. Anton4 and Robert J. Soreng5 1Instituto de Botanica Darwinion, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2Research and Collections Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 3Universidad de Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia, 4Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologıa Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-UNC, Cordoba, Argentina and 5Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA *For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 11 December 2015 Returned for revision: 18 February 2016 Accepted: 18 March 2016 Downloaded from Background and Aims Poa subgenus Poa supersect. Homalopoa has diversified extensively in the Americas. Over half of the species in the supersection are diclinous; most of these are from the New World, while a few are from South-East Asia. Diclinism in Homalopoa can be divided into three main types: gynomonoecism, gynodioe- cism and dioecism. Here the sampling of species of New World Homalopoa is expanded to date its origin and diver- sification in North and South America and examine the evolution and origin of the breeding system diversity. Methods A total of 124 specimens were included in the matrix, of which 89 are species of Poa supersect. http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/ Homalopoa sections Acutifoliae, Anthochloa, Brizoides, Dasypoa, Dioicopoa, Dissanthelium, Homalopoa sensu lato (s.l.), Madropoa and Tovarochloa, and the informal Punapoa group. Bayesian and parsimony analyses were conducted on the data sets based on four markers: the nuclear ribosomal internal tanscribed spacer (ITS) and exter- nal transcribed spacer (ETS), and plastid trnT-L and trnL-F. -
Proso and Foxtail Millet Production
Proso and foxtail millet production R.L. Croissant and J.F. Shanahan1 no. 0.118 self-pollinated, but some outcrossing may occur when two Quick Facts varieties are planted side by side. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is an annual warm Proso and foxtail millet grain may be used as season grass with slender leafy stems up to 40 inches tall. livestock feed or in birdseed mixture. The inflorescence is a dense, cylindrical, bristly panicle. Foxtail millet produces a high-quality forage when The lemma and palea covering the threshed seed may be harvested at the bloom stage. white, yellow, orange or other shades including green and Millet is a very efficient utilizer of soil water and purple. Like proso, foxtail millet is highly self-pollinated, can produce grain or forage in drought but may show some outcrosses when different varieties are conditions. planted side by side. Proso millet and foxtail millet generally require swathing when harvested for grain. Acreage planted to millet annually depends on soil Climatic Requirements moisture at planting time, the price and demand for millet grain and millet hay, and Proso millet is a short season crop requiring 50 to 90 government acreage control for other crops. days from sowing to maturity for early to midseason varieties while foxtail millet requires 55 to 70 days to reach a suitable stage for hay, and 75 to 90 days for seed production. The millets, grown world-wide, are important as feed Both types of millet require relatively warm weather and food sources. During 1965 to 1985, millet production for germination and plant growth. -
The Setaria Viridis Genome and Diversity Panel Enables Discovery of a Novel
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/744557; this version posted August 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Title: The Setaria viridis genome and diversity panel enables discovery of a novel domestication gene Authors: Pu Huang1,5, Sujan Mamidi2, Adam Healey2, Jane Grimwood2, Jerry Jenkins2, Kerrie Barry3, Avinash Sreedasyam2, Shengqiang Shu3, Maximilian Feldman1,6, Jinxia Wu1,7, Yunqing Yu1, Cindy Chen3, Jenifer Johnson3, Hitoshi Sakakibara4,8, Takatoshi Kiba4,9, Tetsuya Sakurai4,9, Daniel Rokhsar3, Ivan Baxter1, Jeremy Schmutz2,3, Thomas P. Brutnell1,7, Elizabeth A. Kellogg1,* 1 Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA 2 HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA 3 Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA 4 RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan 5 present address: BASF Corporation, 26 Davis Dr., Durham, NC 27709, USA 6 present address: USDA-ARS Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser, WA 99350, USA 7 Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China 8 present address: Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/744557; this version posted August 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. -
Genetic Glass Ceilings Gressel, Jonathan
Genetic Glass Ceilings Gressel, Jonathan Published by Johns Hopkins University Press Gressel, Jonathan. Genetic Glass Ceilings: Transgenics for Crop Biodiversity. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008. Project MUSE. doi:10.1353/book.60335. https://muse.jhu.edu/. For additional information about this book https://muse.jhu.edu/book/60335 [ Access provided at 2 Oct 2021 23:39 GMT with no institutional affiliation ] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Genetic Glass Ceilings Transgenics for Crop Biodiversity This page intentionally left blank Genetic Glass Ceilings Transgenics for Crop Biodiversity Jonathan Gressel Foreword by Klaus Ammann The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2008 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2008 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 987654321 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gressel, Jonathan. Genetic glass ceilings : transgenics for crop biodiversity / Jonathan Gressel. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 13: 978-0-8018-8719-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 10: 0-8018-8719-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Crops—Genetic engineering. 2. Transgenic plants. 3. Plant diversity. 4. Crop improvement. I. Title. II. Title: Transgenics for crop biodiversity. SB123.57.G74 2008 631.5Ј233—dc22 20007020365 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or [email protected]. Dedicated to the memory of Professor Leroy (Whitey) Holm, the person who stimulated me to think differently. -
31295002021987.Pdf (16.44Mb)
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF RODENTS OF THE MESQUITE PLAINS-HIGH PLAINS ECOTONE by DANIEL ROBERT WOMOCHEL, B.S. A THESIS IN ZOOLOGY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Technological College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved Accepted June, 1968 I' % nc. 7T ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful to Dr. Robert L. Packard for his di rection of my research and preparation of this thesis, and to my parents and grandmother for their encouragement and assistance. Thanks also are due Mr. Allan Wallace, vjho kindly permitted me to conduct this study on his ranch. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS vi CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA 3 III. METHODS AND MATERIALS 12 IV. SPECIES ACCOUNTS l6 Sigmodon hispidus l6 Perognathus flavus 33 "Perognathus hispidus 47 Reithrodontomys montanus 59 Peromyscus maniculatus 64 Dipodomys ordii 65 Peromyscus leucopus 65 Citellus spilosoma 66 V. POPULATION RELATIONSHIPS 67 VI. SUMI4ARY AND CONCLUSIONS 73 LITERATURE CITED 77 iii LIST OF TABLES TABLE Page 1. Plants of the Study Area 10 2. Density of Cotton Rats Based on Average Num ber Trapped Per Acre 17 3. Population Density of Cotton Rats Based on the Lincoln Index l8 h. Monthly Distribution of Immature and Re- productively Active Nonresident Males and Females 21 5. Monthly Distribution of Immature and Re- productively Active Resident Males and Females 22 6. Home Ranges of Adult Male Cotton Rats ... 26 7. Home Ranges of Adult Female Cotton Rats ... 27 8. Average Home Ranges of All Cotton Rats .. -
Millet Forage Management
Millets IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY University Extension Forage Management By Brian Lang, Extension Crop Specialist Fact Sheet BL-55, June 2001 Introduction Forage Selection for Livestock Millets are major grain crops world wide, but in Iowa All millet forages are good feed for beef and sheep. The their use is mainly as annual summer forage production choice of millet is largely dependent on seasonal needs as hay, silage, green-chop, and pasture. The and intended harvest management @ silage, pasture, sudan/sorghum forages are often the first choice for green-chop, hay, etc. summer annual forage production, but millets have been Dairy -- There is some evidence1 that Pearl Millet may gaining in popularity. cause butterfat depression in milk. Therefore, Millets grown in Iowa include: recommendations for use of Pearl Millet with lactating · Pearl Millet -- also called Cattail Millet. dairy are either to: · limit feed the millet and monitor butterfat levels · Japanese Millet -- also called Barnyard Millet. Seed · or simply avoid its use for lactating dairy shatter may lead to Barnyardgrass weed problems. · Foxtail Millet -- German and Siberian varieties seem Horses -- Do not feed Foxtail Millet as a major 2 to be the most popular for forage use. component of their diet. Foxtail Millet acts as a laxative and contains a glucoside called setarian that may damage · Proso Millet -- also called hog, hershey, and the kidneys, liver, and bones3. broomcorn millet. Table 1. Establishment and Harvest Information for Millet Forages. Typical dry matter Days from planting Harvest at boot Height when to graze, Forage Seeding yield & cutting to 36-inch height stage or 36-inch Height to graze to, millet rate schedule or boot stage height down to… Grazing interval lbs./ac. -
MILLET in Your Meals
MILLET in your Meals Issued in public interest by - An ISO 22000 Company Publication supported by NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) Let’s welcome Millets back into our meals Millets - Millet is the name given to a group of cereals other than wheat, rice, maize & barley. They are mostly tiny in size, round in shape & ready for usage as it is. It is acknowledged that during the Stone Age, the Millet plant was grown by the lake inhabitants of Switzerland. History reveals that since the Neolithic Era, millet, a prehistoric seed was cultivated in the dry climates of Africa and northern China. Interestingly it was millets and not rice that was a staple food in Indian, Chinese Neolithic and Korean civilizations. Eventually, millets spread all over the world. It was heavy, it was tall, It sprouted, it eared, It nodded, it hung, Indeed the lucky grains were sent down to us The black millet, the double kernelled, millet, pink sprouted and white. So goes the folk song from China- a melodious litany to the treasure trove of nutrition, the oldest food know to mankind! There are about 6,000 varieties of millet throughout the world with grains varying in colour from pale yellow, to gray, white, and red. Archaeologists say that foxtail millet is so old that no wild plant of the species is known to exist today. The Millet Story - The origin of millet is diverse with varieties coming from both Africa and Asia. Pearl millet for example comes from tropical West Africa and finger millet from Uganda or neighboring areas. -
Sudan Grass, Millets, and So'rghums At
FJJCATF Sudan Grass, Millets, and So'rghums at H. A. Schofh H. H. Rampton Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State College, Corvallis. Cooperating: Division of Forage Crops and Diseases, Station Bulletin 425 Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils and Agri- March 1945 cultural Engineering, United States De- Revised January 1949 partment of Agriculture. Toble of Con±en±s Page Introduction 3 Adaptations in Oregon 4 Seedbed Preparation 7 Rodents and Birds 7 Diseases Insects Sudan Grass 11 Proso 17 Foxtail Millet 20 Japanese Barnyard Millet 22 Sorghum 24 ACKNOWLEDGMENT: Forage crop work at thc Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station conducted in cooperation with the Division of Forage Crops and Diseases. Buieau of Plant Industry, Soils and Agricultural Engineering, United States Department ot Agricul- ture; creditis hcreby acknowledged as jointly due to the above named clivson am! bureau and the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station. Figure 1. A good crop of sorghum in western Oregon. Sudan Grass, MiIIeIs, and Sorghums By H. A. SCHOTH, Senior Agronomist, and H. H. RAMPTON, Associate Agronomist Introd uction grass, millets, and sorghurns ha\Te been grown in varying SUDANacreages in several sections of Oregon for many years. These crops are of relatively minor importance but the acreage is gradually increasing as adapted and improved varieties are obtained, more satis- factory cultural practices are determined, and wider utility is devel- oped. In some sections they are now considered to be standard field crops. In others, some of them are grown as temporary or emergency crops during seasons that are unfavorable for other crops. Use of Sudan grass is increasing more rapidly than use of millets and other sorghums.it has been estimated that in 1948, the acreage had increased to approximately 45,500. -
Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica), Grain | Feedipedia
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), grain | Feedipedia Animal feed resources Feedipedia information system Home About Feedipedia Team Partners Get involved Contact us Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), grain Automatic translation Description Nutritional aspects Nutritional tables References Sélectionner une langue ▼ Click on the "Nutritional aspects" tab for recommendations for ruminants, pigs, poultry, rabbits, horses, fish and crustaceans Feed categories All feeds Forage plants Cereal and grass forages Legume forages Forage trees Aquatic plants Common names Other forage plants Plant products/by-products Foxtail millet, dwarf setaria, foxtail bristle grass, German millet, giant setaria, green bristle grass, green foxtail, green foxtail Cereal grains and by-products millet, Hungarian millet, Italian millet, wild foxtail millet, nunbank setaria [English]; mijo, mijo de Italia, mijo menor, moha, moha Legume seeds and by-products de Alemania, moha de Hungria, panizo común, almorejo [Spanish]; painço, milho painço, milho painço de Itália [Portuguese]; Oil plants and by-products millet d'Italie, millet des oiseaux, petit mil, sétaire verte, sétaire d'Italie [French]; Kolbenhirse, Italienische Borstenhirse ذيل الثعلب اإيطالي ;[Fruits and by-products [German]; jawawut, sekoi [Indonesian]; setária-verde [Italian]; juwawut, otèk [Javanese]; setariya [Kinyarwanda Roots, tubers and by-products [Arabic]; 粟 [Chinese]; 조 [Korean]; [Hindi]; アワ [Japanese]; [Kannada]; [Malayalam]; Sugar processing by-products [Nepali]; Щети́ нник италья́нский [Russian]; [Tamil]; [Telugu]; ขาวฟ้ ่ างหางหมา [Thai] Plant oils and fats Other plant by-products Species Feeds of animal origin Animal by-products Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. [Poaceae] Dairy products/by-products Animal fats and oils Synonyms Insects Other feeds Chaetochloa italica (L.) Scribn., Chaetochloa viridis (L.) Scribn., Chamaeraphis viridis (L.) Millsp., Panicum italicum L., Minerals Panicum pachystachys Franch. -
Millet Introduction “Millet” Is a Name That Has Been Applied to Several Different Annual Summer Grasses Used for Hay, Pasture, Silage, and Grain
University of Kentucky CCD Home CCD Crop Profiles College of Agriculture, Food and Environment COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND ENVIRONMENT Millet Introduction “Millet” is a name that has been applied to several different annual summer grasses used for hay, pasture, silage, and grain. The millets most commonly cultivated in Kentucky, pearl millet and foxtail millet, are grown primarily as a forage for temporary pasture. If properly managed, these millets can provide high yields of good quality forage in a short period, without the risk of prussic acid poisoning. FOXTAIL MILLET (LEFT) AND PEARL MILLET (RIGHT) Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is higher Production Considerations yielding than foxtail millet and regrows after Establishment and management harvest if sufficient stubble is left. Dwarf Foxtail and pearl millets are planted from the varieties, which are leafier and more suited for first of May until the end of July in Kentucky. grazing, are also available. Foxtail millet (Setaria Later plantings reduce harvests and total yields. italica) is a lower-yielding grass that will not Seeding at two or more planting dates helps in regrow to produce another harvest. Because it is managing harvests. The seed can be broadcast shorter and finer-stemmed, it is easier to harvest and cultipacked, or seeded with a grain drill into as hay. It can serve as a good smother crop to be a well-prepared, firm seedbed. Seed can also be used before no-till seeding of other crops, such planted without tillage by using a no-till drill. as fescue or alfalfa. -
First Record of Eriochloa Villosa (Thunb.) Kunth in Austria and Notes on Its Distribution and Agricultural Impact in Central Europe
BioInvasions Records (2020) Volume 9, Issue 1: 8–16 CORRECTED PROOF Research Article First record of Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth in Austria and notes on its distribution and agricultural impact in Central Europe Swen Follak1,*, Michael Schwarz2 and Franz Essl3 1Institute for Sustainable Plant Production, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria 2Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria 3Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Author e-mails: [email protected] (SF), [email protected] (MS), [email protected] (FE) *Corresponding author Citation: Follak S, Schwarz M, Essl F (2020) First record of Eriochloa villosa Abstract (Thunb.) Kunth in Austria and notes on its distribution and agricultural impact in Eriochloa villosa is native to temperate Eastern Asia and is an emerging weed in Central Europe. BioInvasions Records 9(1): Central Europe. Its current distribution in Central Europe was analyzed using 8–16, https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2020.9.1.02 distribution data from the literature and data collected during field trips. In 2019, E. Received: 6 September 2019 villosa was recorded for the first time in Austria. It was found in a crop field in Accepted: 28 November 2019 Unterretzbach in Lower Austria (Eastern Austria). So far, the abundance of E. villosa in the weed communities in Austria and the neighboring Czech Republic is low and Published: 21 February 2020 thus, its present agricultural impact can be considered limited. However, in Romania Handling editor: Quentin Groom and Hungary, the number of records of E. -
Forage Extension Program
Forage Extension Program Growing Millet in Montana By Dennis Cash, MSU Extension Service ([email protected]); Duane Johnson, MAES Northwestern Agricultural Research Center ([email protected]); David Wichman, MAES Central Agriculture Research Center ([email protected]) Acreage of several millet species has increased in recent years. Millet is a "Several short-term warm-season annual crop that has excellent drought hardiness. millets can Millet grain is used for human food products, livestock feed or birdseed. produce good Several millets can produce good forage yields, and are useful for forage emergency forage or a catch crop after hailed-out wheat. As warm-season yields, and are species, millets are sensitive to late spring frosts, so they should be seeded useful for after soil temperatures are consistently above 65 degrees. For emergency emergency forage during a drought, millets can out-yield sudangrass or sorghums. forage or a However with good moisture or under irrigation, other warm-season catch forages (sudangrass, sorghum, sorghum X sudangrass hybrids or corn) are crop after superior. hailed-out wheat." The primary types of millet are: Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is used primarily for birdseed or livestock feed. Proso millet grows to about a 30-inch height, and the stems are hollow and coarse. The leaves and stems are pubescent, and the seed heads (panicles) are large and lax. When the seed is threshed, most of the inner hulls remain attached to the grain. Seed color varies among varieties, from white, cream, red to brown or black. For birdseed production, white grain is preferred, so be sure to contact a marketer before planting.