DOCSLIB.ORG

The Sudan | Agricultural Livelihoods and Food Security in the Context Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Sudan | Agricultural Livelihoods and Food Security in the Context Of THE SUDAN Agricultural livelihoods and food security in the context of COVID-19 Monitoring Report January 2021 THE SUDAN Agricultural livelihoods and food security in the context of COVID-19 Monitoring Report January 2021 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 2021 REQUIRED CITATION FAO. 2021. The Sudan | Food supply, agricultural livelihoods and food security in the context of COVID-19: Monitoring Report – January 2021. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb2262en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. ISBN: 978-92-5-133670-0 © FAO, 2021 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the authoritative edition.” Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. Cover photograph: ©FAO Contents Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... v Key highlights ........................................................................................................................ vi COVID-19 and other risk factors in the country .................................................................... 1 Crop production and marketing ............................................................................................ 3 Livestock production and marketing ..................................................................................... 5 Fisheries ................................................................................................................................. 7 Food security, livelihoods and coping mechanisms .............................................................. 8 Level of assistance, required needs and most affected population groups ...................... 10 Conclusion: key prospects and recommendations ............................................................. 12 References ........................................................................................................................... 13 iii Figures Figure 1. The Sudan crop calendar............................................................................................... 3 Figures 2 and 3. Wholesale price variation for sorghum and millet in the Sudan ...................... 4 Figure 4. Number of respondents interviewed reporting on different levels of food availability compared with the usual for this time of the year ...................................................................... 8 Figure 5. Number of respondents reporting on the adoption of various negative coping mechanisms .................................................................................................................................. 9 Figure 6. Number of respondents reporting on disruption of humanitarian assistance .......... 10 Figure 7. Number of respondents reporting on new/increased assistance since COVID-19 .... 10 Tables Table 1. Number of key informant interviews conducted at state level ..................................... 1 Table 2. Reported main needs to boost agricultural production in order of importance ........ 11 iv Abbreviations COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FEWS NET Famine Early Warning Systems Network FPMA Food Price and Monitoring Analysis GIEWS Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture IPC Integrated Food Security Phase Classification NGO Non-governmental organization OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs TOT Terms of trade v Key highlights > In July−August 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) conducted a food security and agricultural livelihood impact assessment taking into account the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 448 extension officers from the Ministry of Agriculture in 16 out of the Sudan’s 18 states were interviewed. Additional secondary data were analysed and included. > The assessment indicates that the effects of COVID-19 urgent and essential restrictions have affected the agricultural value chain (from producers to consumers) and have further impacted the already fragile food security situation in the country. > Farmers and agropastoral communities who rely on access to land, water, pasture, labour and favourable crop/livestock production for their food security and income generation, are among the most affected population groups in the context of COVID-19 and assessed agricultural areas. > The June/September 2020 rainy season, coinciding with the main agricultural season for coarse grains, has generally been favourable across the country. > Prices of sorghum and millet continued to surge in August 2020 and reached record highs, with seasonal patterns compounded by a further depreciation of the local currency on the parallel market. vi > Production costs such as animal feed and drugs were reported to be much higher across all assessed states compared with the same time in 2019. Meanwhile, livestock prices continued to increase in July and August 2020. > In the Red Sea state, the price of first class fish increased by up to 275 percent in July 2020, compared with the same time in 2019. > Due to the increased prices of food commodities, many poor and vulnerable households experienced reduced purchasing power. > The high transportation cost of food commodities due to fuel shortages and limited movement as a result of COVID-19 restrictions, has further impacted food availability in almost all markets. > Anticipatory action and response to COVID-19 contributes to availability of and stabilizing access to food for the most food-insecure populations, as well as ensures continuity of the food supply chain and prevents the transmission of the virus among all actors involved. vii COVID-19 and other risk factors in the country Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Sudan in mid-March 2020, the Government confirmed that over 13 400 people contracted the virus, including 833 who died from the disease, as of 5 September 2020 (Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs [OCHA], 2020). Most confirmed cases were reported in urban areas, with approximately 70 percent in Khartoum (Famine Early Warning Systems Network [FEWS NET], 2020). Since March 2020, the Government has put in place essential and urgent measures to curb the spread of COVID-19, including curfews, closures of airports and borders, a ban of public gatherings and restrictions on internal population movements. During this time, most economic activities continued, while weak public compliance was observed for government-imposed restrictions and containment measures. In July, public spaces and businesses officially reopened. However, restrictions on public transportation within cities and between states remain in place, in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • South West of Sudan and North-East South-Sudan - OCBA Projects KHARTOUM NORTH SHENDI 16°0'0"N KARARI Khartum, Sudan EPP
    SOUDAN - South West of Sudan and North-East South-Sudan - OCBA projects KHARTOUM NORTH SHENDI 16°0'0"N KARARI Khartum, Sudan EPP Nile Project UMM BADDA Cell: OC5 SHARQ EL NILE Project code: ESSD160 Omdurman Dates: 1/1/2016 - 31/12/2017 Khartoum UM DURMAN KHARTOUM EL BUTANA Khartoum, capital JABAL El Bahr e Coordination AULIA l Azra JEBRAT EL q SHEIKH Cell: OC5 Project code: ESSD101 EL KAMLEEN Dates: 30/4/2017 - 31/1272017 El Kamlin SODARI EASTERN EL GEZIRA El Qutainah EL HASAHEESA Rufa'ah Hamrat El El Hasahisa Jebrat El Sheikh EL Sheikh EL GAZIRA MALHA NORTH KORDOFAN UMM RAMTTA UM EL QURA Sodari GREATER EL GUTAINA WAD MADANI El Managil EL MANAGEEL SOUTHERN EL GEZIRA BARA Ad Duwaym 14°0'0"N EL DOUIEM NORTH DARFUR EASTERN Bara SENNAR Sennar UMM KEDDADA EL NEHOUD SENNAR RABAK SENNAR Kosti SINGA UM RAWABA KOSTI Khor Waral, Arrivals SHIEKAN Tandalti Project WAD BANDA Cell: OC5 ABU ZABAD Umm Rawaba TENDALTI Project code: ESSD184 WHITE NILE Dates: 20/4/2017 - 20/8/2017 El Rahad En Nehoud EL DALI ABU HOUJAR EL SALAM El Jebelain Dibebad EL JABALIAN AL QOZ Al Khashafa (White Nile), Displaced WEST KORDOFAN Abu Zabad Project Cell: OC5 Project code: ESSD112 Ghubaysh EL ABASSIYA Dates:1/1/2016 - 31/1272017 GHUBAYSH AL SUNUT Delling DILLING 12°0'0"N Habila RASHAD Dalami Rashad El Fula HABILA EL SALAM AL TADAMON Umm Heitan Abu Jubaiha Lagawa BLUE NILE El Buheimer LAGAWA REIF ASHARGI BABANUSA Heiban ABU JUBAIHA HEIBAN ADILA SOUTH Miri Juwa KORDOFAN KADUGLI BAU Umm Dorain Kologi Keilak UMM DUREIN AL BURAM Talodi NORTHERN UPPER ABYEI - Buram EL KURMUK MUGLAD
    [Show full text]
  • Humanitarian Situation Report No. 19 Q3 2020 Highlights
    Sudan Humanitarian Situation Report No. 19 Q3 2020 UNICEF and partners assess damage to communities in southern Khartoum. Sudan was significantly affected by heavy flooding this summer, destroying many homes and displacing families. @RESPECTMEDIA PlPl Reporting Period: July-September 2020 Highlights Situation in Numbers • Flash floods in several states and heavy rains in upriver countries caused the White and Blue Nile rivers to overflow, damaging households and in- 5.39 million frastructure. Almost 850,000 people have been directly affected and children in need of could be multiplied ten-fold as water and mosquito borne diseases devel- humanitarian assistance op as flood waters recede. 9.3 million • All educational institutions have remained closed since March due to people in need COVID-19 and term realignments and are now due to open again on the 22 November. 1 million • Peace talks between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan Revolu- internally displaced children tionary Front concluded following an agreement in Juba signed on 3 Oc- tober. This has consolidated humanitarian access to the majority of the 1.8 million Jebel Mara region at the heart of Darfur. internally displaced people 379,355 South Sudanese child refugees 729,530 South Sudanese refugees (Sudan HNO 2020) UNICEF Appeal 2020 US $147.1 million Funding Status (in US$) Funds Fundi received, ng $60M gap, $70M Carry- forward, $17M *This table shows % progress towards key targets as well as % funding available for each sector. Funding available includes funds received in the current year and carry-over from the previous year. 1 Funding Overview and Partnerships UNICEF’s 2020 Humanitarian Action for Children (HAC) appeal for Sudan requires US$147.11 million to address the new and protracted needs of the afflicted population.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan Food Security Outlook Report
    SUDAN Food Security Outlook February to September 2019 Deteriorating macroeconomic conditions to drive high levels of acute food insecurity in 2019 KEY MESSAGES • Food security has seasonally improved with increased cereal Current food security outcomes, February 2019 availability following the November to February harvest. However, the macroeconomic situation remains very poor and is expected to further deteriorate throughout the projection period, and this will drive continued extremely high food and non-food prices. The negative impacts of high food prices will be somewhat mitigated by the fact that livestock prices and wage labor are also increasing, though overall purchasing power will remain below average. A higher number of households than is typical will face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or worse outcomes through September. • Between June and September, the lean season in Sudan, Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes are expected in parts of Red Sea, Kassala, Al Gadarif, Blue Nile, West Kordofan, North Kordofan, South Kordofan, and Greater Darfur. Of highest concern are the IDPs in SPLM-N controlled areas of South Kordofan and SPLA-AW controlled areas of Jebel Marra, who have been inaccessible for both assessments and food assistance deliveries. IDPs in these areas are expected to be in Source: FEWS NET FEWS NET classification is IPC-compatible. IPC-compatible analysis follows Emergency (IPC Phase 4) during the August-September peak key IPC protocols but does not necessarily reflect the consensus of national of the lean season. food security partners. • The June to September 2019 rainy season is forecasted to be above average. This is anticipated to lead to flooding in mid-2019 and increase the prevalence of waterborne disease.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Description of the Nobiin Language and History by Nubantood Khalil, (Nubian Language Society)
    A brief description of the Nobiin language and history By Nubantood Khalil, (Nubian Language Society) Nobiin language Nobiin (also called Mahas-Fadichcha) is a Nile-Nubian language (North Eastern Sudanic, Nilo-Saharan) descendent from Old Nubian, spoken along the Nile in northern Sudan and southern Egypt and by thousands of refugees in Europe and the US. Nobiin is classified as a member of the Nubian language family along with Kenzi/Dongolese in upper Nubia, Meidob in North Darfur, Birgid in Central and South Darfur, and the Hill Nubian languages in Southern Kordofan. Figure 1. The Nubian Family (Bechhaus 2011:15) Central Nubian Western Northern Nubian Nubian ▪ Nobiin ▪ Meidob ▪ Old Nubian Birgid Hill Nubians Kenzi/ Donglese In the 1960's, large numbers of Nobiin speakers were forcibly displaced away from their historical land by the Nile Rivers in both Egypt and Sudan due to the construction of the High Dam near Aswan. Prior to that forcible displacement, Nobiin was primarily spoken in the region between the first cataract of the Nile in southern Egypt, to Kerma, in the north of Sudan. The following map of southern Egypt and Sudan encompasses the areas in which Nobiin speakers have historically resided (from Thelwall & Schadeberg, 1983: 228). Nubia Nubia is the land of the ancient African civilization. It is located in southern Egypt along the Nile River banks and extends into the land that is known as “Sudan”. The region Nubia had experienced writing since a long time ago. During the ancient period of the Kingdoms of Kush, 1 | P a g e the Kushite/Nubians used the hieroglyphic writing system.
    [Show full text]
  • (I): War in South Kordofan
    Sudan’s Spreading Conflict (I): War in South Kordofan Africa Report N°198 | 14 February 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. The Roots of Persistent Conflict ....................................................................................... 3 A. Continued Marginalisation ........................................................................................ 4 B. Changing Ethnic Dynamics ....................................................................................... 8 III. Failure of the CPA ............................................................................................................. 11 IV. Outbreak of Fighting and the Still-born Framework Agreement ................................... 17 V. All-Out Conflict ................................................................................................................ 20 VI. The Humanitarian Crisis .................................................................................................. 27 VII. Regional and Wider
    [Show full text]
  • Information on the Internally Displaced Persons (Idps)
    COI QUERY Country of Origin Sudan Main subject IDPs in Darfur and the Two Areas Question(s) Information on the internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Darfur and the Two Areas in the period of August 2019 - May 2020: - overview of numbers of IDPs and returnees: Darfur, The Two Areas, - living conditions and personal safety: Darfur, The Two Areas, - treatment by the Sovereign Council government: Darfur, The Two Areas. Date of completion 1 July 2020 Query Code Q15-2020 Contributing EU+ COI -- units (if applicable) Disclaimer This response to a COI query has been elaborated according to the EASO COI Report Methodology and EASO Writing and Referencing Guide. The information provided in this response has been researched, evaluated and processed with utmost care within a limited time frame. All sources used are referenced. A quality review has been performed in line with the above mentioned methodology. This document does not claim to be exhaustive neither conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to international protection. If a certain event, person or organisation is not mentioned in the report, this does not mean that the event has not taken place or that the person or organisation does not exist. Terminology used should not be regarded as indicative of a particular legal position. The information in the response does not necessarily reflect the opinion of EASO and makes no political statement whatsoever. The target audience is caseworkers, COI researchers, policy makers, and decision making authorities. The answer was finalised on 1 July 2020. Any event taking place after this date is not included in this answer.
    [Show full text]
  • Very High Staple Food Prices to Continue Driving Large Assistance Needs Through Lean Season
    SUDAN Food Security Outlook February to September 2020 Very high staple food prices to continue driving large assistance needs through lean season KEY MESSAGES • Large numbers of people are expected to face Crisis (IPC Phase Current food security outcomes, February 2020 3) or worse food security outcomes in Sudan through September 2020, particularly poor households and IDPs in Greater Darfur, Greater Kordofan, Red Sea and Kassala states. Of highest concern are IDPs and conflict-affected people in areas of Jebel Marra in Darfur and SPLM-N held areas of South Kordofan, parts of West Kordofan and Blue Nile where humanitarian access is poor and Emergency (IPC Phase 4) outcomes are expected between June and September 2020. • National cereal production for the 2019/20 season in Sudan is estimated at 5.1 million metric tons, 18 percent below the five- year average and 57 percent below last year’s bumper harvest. The decrease in cereal production this year is related to increases in area planted in cash crops at the expense of area planted in cereals, and to a lesser extent, low yields resulting from flooding and pest infestations. • Sudan’s persistent macroeconomic crisis has continued to Source: FEWS NET deteriorate further into February 2020 as reserves of foreign FEWS NET classification is IPC-compatible. IPC-compatible analysis currency remain low, the SDG/USD exchange rate continues to follows key IPC protocols but does not necessarily reflect the consensus decline, prices of imported essential items remain very high. of national food security partners. Moreover, prices for locally produced staples continue to increase to very high levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan's Southern Kordofan Problem: the Next Darfur?
    SUDAN’S SOUTHERN KORDOFAN PROBLEM: THE NEXT DARFUR? Africa Report N°145 – 21 October 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. NUBA FRUSTRATIONS ................................................................................................. 2 A. DISSATISFACTION WITH THE CPA AND THE SPLM ......................................................................2 1. CPA uncertainties...................................................................................................................3 2. Discontent with SPLM leadership..........................................................................................4 B. NCP MANIPULATION...................................................................................................................5 1. Keeping control over state finances........................................................................................5 2. Census concerns .....................................................................................................................7 3. Real progress? ........................................................................................................................8 C. LAND GRIEVANCES......................................................................................................................9 D. STALLED DDR AND RISK OF NEW INSURGENCY ........................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan's Infrastructure: a Continental Perspective
    COUNTRY REPORT Sudan’s Infrastructure: A Continental Perspective Rupa Ranganathan and Cecilia Briceño-Garmendia JUNE 2011 © 2011 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 USA Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved A publication of the World Bank. The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 USA The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Regaining Livelihoods for Pastoralist and Nomadic Communities in Sudan
    REGAINING LIVELIHOODS FOR PASTORALIST AND NOMADIC COMMUNITIES IN SUDAN West Kordofan State has been affected by the continuing war in South Kordofan, the Darfur conflict and the civil war in South Sudan. The secession of South Sudan worsened the predicament of nomads in the area, as movements to the country were blocked. As a result, animals find themselves concentrated in a narrow area with limited resources during the dry season. Diseases that are preventable by vaccination are still considered major threats to animal production. Taking into account the lack of veterinary services in the area for a number of years, which has led to the spread of dangerous transboundary animal diseases, West Kordofan is considered a serious focus for the spread of diseases, undermining Sudan’s role as an important livestock-exporting agent in the region. In this context, the project provided an opportunity to build the capacity of both veterinarians and veterinary institutions. ©FAO/Albert Gonzalez Farran WHAT DID THE PROJECT DO? KEY FACTS Animal health services were upgraded and major animal Contribution diseases controlled through the provision of vaccination and USD 500 000 treatment services, training of veterinarians and community animal health workers and the promotion of disease Duration surveillance and veterinary diagnostic capabilities in West October 2014 – September 2017 Kordofan State. Resource Partners FAO IMPACT Partners The training of veterinarians and community animal health Federal Ministry of Livestock, State workers, as well as the capacity development of the El Fula Ministry of Animal Resources and Veterinary Laboratory through the provision of modern Fisheries for West Kordofan state equipment and tools, will directly contribute to the project’s Beneficiaries sustainability in West Kordofan State.
    [Show full text]
  • In Muslim Sudan
    Downloaded from Nile Basin Research Programme www.nile.uib.no through Bergen Open Research Archive http://bora.uib.no Trade and Wadis System(s) in Muslim Sudan Intisar Soghayroun Elzein Soghayroun FOUNTAIN PUBLISHERS Kampala Fountain Publishers P. O. Box 488 Kampala - Uganda E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Website: www.fountainpublishers.co.ug © Intisar Soghayroun Elzein Soghayroun 2010 First published 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-9970-25-005-9 Dedication This book is dedicated to my father: Soghayroun Elzein Soghayroun, with a tremendous debt of gratitude. iii Contents Dedication..................................................................................................... iiv List.of .Maps..................................................................................................vi List.of .plates..................................................................................................vii Preface.......................................................................................................... viii Acknowledgement.........................................................................................xiii 1 The Land, its People and History ...................................... 1 The Physiographic Features of the Country ......................................1
    [Show full text]
  • South Sudan Emergency Sudan
    South Sudan Emergency Sudan 13 January 2014 Highlights Violence in South Sudan continues, with further internal displacement and refugee movements to neighbouring countries, including Sudan Reports of nearly 10,000 new arrivals in Sudan, including nomadic groups Some 64,000 newly arrived South Sudanese refugees in Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda Government of Sudan, UNHCR and partners are carrying out assessments, providing assistance and increasing preparedness for more arrivals Population figures Since the outbreak of violence in South Sudan on 15 December 2013, 355,000 people have been forced to flee their homes and remain internally displaced within South Sudan, with 69,000 sheltering in UNMISS bases. The latest figures for newly arrived South Sudanese refugees in neighbouring countries are as follows: - some 39,000 in Uganda; - 18,616 in Ethiopia; - 6,778 in Kenya; and - some 10,000 in Sudan (including nomadic groups), of whom 1,371 individuals have been confirmed by the Government of Sudan as being refugees. In Sudan, there are confirmed (but in many cases unverified) reports of new arrivals in the following areas: South Kordofan State According to the Government Humanitarian Aid Commission (HAC), 979 people have arrived from Malakal and Kaka in Upper Nile State to Abu Jubaiha locality, South Kordofan, including 517 individuals in Qurayd village and 450 individuals in Judayd village, approximately 40km south of Abu Jubaiha town. In Talodi locality, 2,574 individuals have arrived in El Liri, approximately 60km north of the border with Upper Nile State. The majority are from a nomadic population affected by the fighting in the Unity and Upper Nile States, and many of them have been assessed by local authorities as having urgent humanitarian needs.
    [Show full text]