Post-Dispersal Seed Predation by Atlantic Forest Squirrels Monitoring Lowland Tapir Latrines
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Forest Fragment Size and Microhabitat Effects on Palm Seed Predation
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 131 (2006) 1– 13 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Forest fragment size and microhabitat effects on palm seed predation Marina Fleurya,b,c,*, Mauro Galettib,c aLaborato´rio de Ecologia e Restaurac¸a˜ o Florestal (LERF), Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘‘Luiz de Queiroz’’, Universidade de Sa˜ o Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Brazil bLaborato´rio de Biologia da Conservac¸a˜ o, Grupo de Fenologia e Dispersa˜ o de Sementes, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), C.P. 199, 13506-900, Rio Claro, Sa˜ o Paulo, Brazil cInstituto de Biologia da Conservac¸a˜ o (IBC), Av.P-13, 293, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The establishment of plant species depends crucially on where the seeds are deposited. How- Received 11 January 2005 ever, since most studies have been conducted in continuous forests, not much is known about Received in revised form the effects of forest fragmentation on the maintenance of abiotic and biotic characteristics in 19 October 2005 microhabitats and their effects on seed survival. In this study, we evaluated the effects of for- Accepted 24 October 2005 est fragmentation on the predation upon the seeds of the palm Syagrus romanzoffiana in three Available online 3 April 2006 microhabitats (interior forest, forest edge and gaps) in eight fragments of semi-deciduous Atlantic forest ranging in size from 9.5 ha to 33,845 ha in southeastern Brazil. Specifically, Keywords: we examined the influence of the microhabitat structure, fauna and fragment size on the pat- Arecaceae tern of seed predation. -
Fire, Cattle and Soil Characteristics Affect Regeneration of Attalea Phalerata in a Forest-Savannah Mosaic
Fire, cattle and soil characteristics affect regeneration of Attalea phalerata in a forest-savannah mosaic Iris Hordijk February 2017 Fire, cattle and soil characteristics affect regeneration of Attalea phalerata in a forest-savannah mosaic MSc thesis by Iris E. Hordijk, MSc student Forest and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University February 2017 FEM 80436 Supervisor: Prof.dr.ir. L. Poorter, Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University External supervisor: T. Boorsma Msc, Barba Azul Nature Reserve Coordinator, Asociación Armonía, Santa Cruz, Bolivia The MSc report may not be copied in whole or in parts without the written permission of the author and the chair group. ii Table of contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. iv Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Factors influencing the life cycle of A. phalerata ................................................................................ 2 Methods .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Study area ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Biology of Attalea phalerata ............................................................................................................... -
Calebe Pereira Mendes Patch Size, Shape and Edge
CALEBE PEREIRA MENDES PATCH SIZE, SHAPE AND EDGE DISTANCE INFLUENCES SEED PREDATION IN A KEYSTONE PALM IN TROPICAL RAINFORESTS Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Orientador: Mauro Galetti Co-orientador: Milton Ribeiro Rio Claro 2014 DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho primeiramente a meu Deus, O Altíssimo, a quem amo e que tem me ajudado e ensinado de forma inacreditavelmente ativa e pessoal. A seu filho Jesus, O Cristo, a quem espero e por quem tenho livre acesso ao Pai. Dedico também a meus pais, Marcos e Rute que desde pequeno me incentivaram a buscar a justiça, a disciplina e o conhecimento. E a minha irmã Débora a quem amo muito. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente a Deus e a seu filho pelo dom da vida. Vida que nos dá a oportunidade de conhece-Lo, a possibilidade de segui-Lo, e nos permite contemplar a criação. Agradeço pela oportunidade de não apenas contemplar, mas explorar, estudar e buscar entender a criação através da ciência. Agradeço também a meus pais, Marcos e Rute, a quem amo muito, e que durante toda minha infância me incentivaram a estudar. Lembro-me com carinho dos muitos documentários que gravaram para que eu pudesse assistir quantas vezes quisesse. Eles também me ensinaram a seguir e respeitar os caminhos do Senhor, o que deu início ao meu gosto pela teologia e a minha atual visão sobre a interação entre fé e ciência. Agradeço a minha irmã Débora, a quem realmente amo. -
Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 60(4) Dec. 2016 the INTERNATIONAL PALM SOCIETY, INC
Cellebratiing 60 Years Palms Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 60(4) Dec. 2016 THE INTERNATIONAL PALM SOCIETY, INC. The International Palm Society Palms (formerly PRINCIPES) Journal of The International Palm Society Founder: Dent Smith The International Palm Society is a nonprofit corporation An illustrated, peer-reviewed quarterly devoted to engaged in the study of palms. The society is inter- information about palms and published in March, national in scope with worldwide membership, and the June, September and December by The International formation of regional or local chapters affiliated with the Palm Society Inc., 9300 Sandstone St., Austin, TX international society is encouraged. Please address all 78737-1135 USA. inquiries regarding membership or information about Editors: John Dransfield, Herbarium, Royal Botanic the society to The International Palm Society Inc., 9300 Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE United Sandstone St., Austin, TX 78737-1135 USA, or by e-mail Kingdom, e-mail [email protected], tel. 44-20- to [email protected], fax 512-607-6468. 8332-5225. OFFICERS: Scott Zona, Dept. of Biological Sciences (OE 167), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, President: Ray Hernandez, 4315 W. San Juan Street, Miami, Florida 33199 USA, e-mail [email protected], tel. Tampa, Florida 33629 USA, e-mail 1-305-348-1247. [email protected], tel. 1-813-832-3561. Associate Editor: Natalie Uhl. Vice-Presidents: Jeff Brusseau, 1030 Heather Dr., Vista, California 92084 USA, e-mail Guidelines for authors are available on request from [email protected], tel. 1-760-271-8003. the Editors, or on-line at: Kim Cyr, PO Box 60444, San Diego, California 92166- www.palms.org/palms_author_guidelines.cfm 8444 USA, e-mail [email protected], tel. -
Simulating Araucaria Angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks with Liocourt’S Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil
Article Simulating Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks With Liocourt’s Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil Emanuel Arnoni Costa 1,2,*, Veraldo Liesenberg 1 , André Felipe Hess 1, César Augusto Guimarães Finger 3,4, Paulo Renato Schneider 3,Régis Villanova Longhi 5, Cristine Tagliapietra Schons 3 and Geedre Adriano Borsoi 1 1 Graduate Program in Forest Engineering, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Lages, Santa Catarina 88520-000, Brazil; [email protected] (V.L.); [email protected] (A.F.H.); [email protected] (G.A.B.) 2 Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais 38500-000, Brazil 3 Graduate Program in Forest Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil; cesarfi[email protected] (C.A.G.F.); [email protected] (P.R.S.); [email protected] (C.T.S.) 4 Graduate Program in Agroecosystems, Federal University of Technology of Paraná (UTFPR), Dois Vizinhos, Paraná 85660-000, Brazil 5 Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-34-99232-3787 Received: 28 January 2020; Accepted: 15 March 2020; Published: 18 March 2020 Abstract: This paper presents a simulation of the regulation of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze timber stocks using Liocourt’s law. Although this species is currently protected by law, recent government initiatives are being considered to propose sustainable forest management practices by selecting small rural properties in Southern Brazil. Here, we simulate the applicability of Liocourt’s law in a typical rural property, the size of which is approximately 85 ha. -
PHENOLOGY, BIOMETRICS and FRUITS PRODUCTION of Attalea
Facultad de Ciencias ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA Departamento de Biología http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol Sede Bogotá ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN / RESEARCH ARTICLE BOTÁNICA PHENOLOGY, BIOMETRICS AND FRUITS PRODUCTION OF Attalea nucifera (ARECACEAE) IN COLOMBIA FENOLOGÍA, PARÁMETROS BIOMÉTRICOS Y PRODUCTIVIDAD DE FRUTOS DE Attalea nucifera (ARECACEAE) EN COLOMBIA Ivón Jiménez-Morera1 , Néstor García1 1Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40 – 62, Bogotá, Colombia *For correspondence: [email protected] Received: 06th February 2019, Returned for revision: 03rd May 2019, Accepted: 28th May 2019. Associate Editor: Xavier Marquínez-Casas. Citation/Citar este artículo como: Jiménez-Morera I, García N. Phenology, biometrics and fruits production of Attalea nucifera (Arecaceae) in Colombia. Acta biol. Colomb. 2020;25(1):104-111. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v25n1.77701 ABSTRACT Attalea nucifera is a threatened palm endemic to the Magdalena River basin in Colombia. In the past its seeds were consumed by the inhabitants of the town of Guaduas, Cundinamarca, although currently its use is less frequent. To assess the productive potential of this palm, we studied its phenology, biometric parameters, and fruit productivity in a forest relict in Guaduas. Field work was carried out between April 2016 and March 2017. The reproductive cycle of this species lasted approximately 12 and a half months from bud to fruit ripening. Although bud production occurred throughout the year, it increased during periods of greatest rainfall. Flowering peaks occurred towards the end of the rainy season and fruits ripened towards the period of low rainfall. We found a positive correlation between the number of leaves in the crown and the production of reproductive structures (rs = 0.447, p = 0.004). -
A Comparison of Bird Foraging Preferences for Fruits of Indigenous and Alien Shrubs and Seed Dispersal Potentials in the Cape Floristic Region
A comparison of bird foraging preferences for fruits of indigenous and alien shrubs and seed dispersal potentials in the Cape Floristic Region by THABISO MICHAEL MOKOTJOMELA Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology Faculty of AgriSciences Stellenbosch University Supervisors Prof. Charles F. Musil Prof. Karen J. Esler March 2012 1 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this dissertation, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. FULL NAME: THABISO MICHAEL MOKOTJOMELA DATE: MARCH 2012 SIGNATURE ...................................................................................... COPYRIGHT © 2012 STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Acknowledgements I would like to extend my most sincere gratitude to Prof. Charles Musil for his guidance and mentorship and to Prof. Karen Esler for her unwavering support and assistance with university administration issues. Ms Ingrid Nanni is thanked for administering funding for this project provided by the Andrew Mellon Foundation under the leadership of Prof. John Donaldson representing the host institution, namely the South African National Biodiversity Institute. Supplementary research funding was provided by the Lesotho Government and the Oppenheimer Memorial Trust. Dr. Phoebe Barnard is acknowledged for her role in initiating the project. Prof. David Richardson, Prof. Suzanne Milton & Prof. Phil Hockey provided valuable advice on invasive plants and birds. -
Attalea Phalerata Mart
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN CRISTÓBAL DE HUAMANGA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE FARMACIA Y BIOQUÍMICA Actividad antioxidante in vitro del aceite de las semillas de Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng. “palmera”, Ayacucho 2017. TESIS PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO PROFESIONAL DE: QUÍMICO FARMACÉUTICA PRESENTADO POR: Bach. LIZARBE LAGOS, Esther Yesenia AYACUCHO - PERÚ 2018 i ii En especial para mis padres que me apoyaron, mis hermanos y esposo. iii iv AGRADECIMIENTOS A la Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga por permitirme realizar y culminar mi carrera. A la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, y en especial a la Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica y a los docentes de nuestra grandiosa y prestigiosa casa superior por habernos inculcado conocimientos y valores en el transcurso de nuestra formación profesional. A mi asesor Mg. Q.F. Marco Aronés Jara por su colaboración y apoyo profesional. v ÍNDICE GENERAL vi Pág. ÍNDICE DE TABLAS ix ÍNDICE DE FIGURA xi ÍNDICE DE ANEXOS xiii RESUMEN xv I. INTRODUCCIÓN 1 II. MARCO TEÓRICO 3 2.1. Antecedentes de estudio 3 2.2. Características Botánicas 4 2.3. Aceites fijos 6 2.4. Radicales libres 6 2.5. Estrés oxidativo 6 2.6. Daño oxidativo a biomoléculas 8 2.7. Antioxidantes 9 III. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS 11 3.1. Lugar de ejecución 11 3.2. Población y muestra 11 3.2.1. Población 11 3.2.2. Muestra 11 3.3. Diseño metodológico para la recolección de datos 11 3.3.1. Procedimiento para la recolección de muestra 11 3.3.2. -
Comportamentos E Atividade Diária De Sciurus Ingrami (Thomas) Em Cativeiro (Rodentia, Sciuridae) 1
COMPORTAMENTOS E ATIVIDADE DIÁRIA DE SCIURUS INGRAMI (THOMAS) EM CATIVEIRO (RODENTIA, SCIURIDAE) 1 Marcelo Bordignon 2 Emygdio L.A. Monteiro Filho 2 ABSTRACT. BEHAV IOUR ANO OIARV ACTlVITV 01' SCIUIIUS ISGRAAI/ (THOMAS) lN CAPTIVITV (ROOENTIA, SCIURIDAE). Frorn October 1994 to Novcmber 1995 the beha viour, postures and diurnal activity of tive captive squilTels Scillrlls illgromi were observed and registered. Four basics postures, tive grooming behaviours, displace ments and face wiping behaviour were identified. Based on behavioural observations, the diurnal activity was divided into four categories: resting, disp!acement, feed ing and maintenance. The time spent in each category varied seasonaJ\y and the sq uirrels spent more time resting during winter and spring. However, more time was spent feeding during autum and summer and was reduced the displacement in autum. Two types of breeding behaviour were identilied: sex ual trailing and mating chase of females by males. However copulatori behaviollr was not recorded during the studied period. We also verified that S. illgromi prescnts thennorregulation behaviour during winter, remaining resting in the nest to conserve energy in heath maintenance. During the hottest seasons, the squirrels remain resting out of the nest. placed on the branchs to decrease their body heat to normal tcmpcrature. The behaviours observed in thi s study were similar to those dcscribed in the literatllre. as well as the mating behaviour, which was vely similar to S. carolinellsis. KEY WORDS. SCilll'lIS illgrami. sciurids, behaviour. serelepe De acordo com GURNELL (1987), o número de espécies de esquilos nas florestas tropicais é maior do que os existentes no Hemisfério Norte. -
Seed Predation of Attalea Dubia (Arecaceae) in an Island in The
PALMS Steffler et al.: Seed Predation Vol. 52(3) 2008 Seed CARLA ELISABETE STEFFLER1 Predation of CAMILA IOTTE DONATTI2 AND MAURO GALETTI1 Attalea dubia 1Laboratório de Biologia da Conservação, Grupo de (Arecaceae) Fenologia e Dispersão de Sementes, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade in an Island Estadual Paulista (UNESP), C.P. 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brasil, in the [email protected] 2Department of Biological Atlantic Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 Rainforest USA of Brazil The palm indaiá (Attalea dubia) is endemic to the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil, and is important as a food source for the local fauna. This paper investigates aspects of seed predation and seed dispersal on a 15,100 ha island in southeastern Brazil. The post-dispersal seed predation of arboreal and on the combined effects of density and tropical species is very high, varying from 75 distance from the mother plant (Janzen 1970, to 90 percent (Howe et al. 1985, Schupp 1988a, Burkey 1994, von Allmen et al. 2004). These b) and it is even higher close to mother trees are the main factors that determine the (Janzen 1971, 1972). Seed predation depends recruitment of new individuals (Janzen 1971) on seed size, seed nutritional compounds and contribute to the maintenance of plant (Osunkoya 1994, Fox & Mousseau 1995, diversity (Janzen 1970, Connell 1971, Campbell 2002, Scherer & Romanowski 2005) Augspurger 1983). PALMS 52(3): 133–140 133 PALMS Steffler et al.: Seed Predation Vol. 52(3) 2008 Rodents and insects that specialize in seed Henderson 1989). Bruchid beetles depend on predation usually forage closer to mother palm seeds because they thrive on the plants (Janzen 1970, 1972, Howe et al. -
American Palm Ethnomedicine: a Meta-Analysis Joanna Sosnowska†1 and Henrik Balslev*†2
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine BioMed Central Review Open Access American palm ethnomedicine: A meta-analysis Joanna Sosnowska†1 and Henrik Balslev*†2 Address: 1W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Cracow, Poland and 2Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biological Sciences, Aarhus University, Build. 1540, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark Email: Joanna Sosnowska - [email protected]; Henrik Balslev* - [email protected] * Corresponding author †Equal contributors Published: 24 December 2009 Received: 23 May 2009 Accepted: 24 December 2009 Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2009, 5:43 doi:10.1186/1746-4269-5-43 This article is available from: http://www.ethnobiomed.com/content/5/1/43 © 2009 Sosnowska and Balslev; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Many recent papers have documented the phytochemical and pharmacological bases for the use of palms (Arecaceae) in ethnomedicine. Early publications were based almost entirely on interviews that solicited local knowledge. More recently, ethnobotanically guided searches for new medicinal plants have proven more successful than random sampling for identifying plants that contain biodynamic ingredients. However, limited laboratory time and the high cost of clinical trials make it difficult to test all potential medicinal plants in the search for new drug candidates. The purpose of this study was to summarize and analyze previous studies on the medicinal uses of American palms in order to narrow down the search for new palm-derived medicines. -
Ecology of Native Oil-Producing Palms and Their Potential for Biofuel Production in Southwestern Amazonia
ECOLOGY OF NATIVE OIL-PRODUCING PALMS AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION IN SOUTHWESTERN AMAZONIA By JOANNA MARIE TUCKER LIMA A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2010 1 © 2010 Joanna Marie Tucker Lima 2 To my parents who taught me to appreciate and marvel at the natural world. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is the culmination of a long journey and the encouragement and support of many people throughout my academic career. As this chapter of my life comes to a close, I wish to extend special thanks to my PhD advisor, Karen Kainer, who was a continuous and consistent inspiration and source of encouragement to me. Her expertise and insight enriched my research from beginning to end. I also thank Evandro Ferreira for his contagious love for palms and mix of practical and scientific advice. His students, Janice and Anelena, as well as the research team at the Parque Zoobotanico at UFAC, especially Plinio, Lira, and Edir, were always willing to help with field work and logistics, for which I am very grateful. Anelise Regiane and her chemistry students at UFAC (Thayna, Nubia and Marcia) gave unselfishly of their time to help me process palm fruits and run chemical analysis that I could never have done alone. I am indebted to Francis “Jack” Putz for sharing his curiosity for the natural world and his persistent search for answers to both basic and complex ecological issues that affect our daily lives.