Forest Fragment Size and Microhabitat Effects on Palm Seed Predation
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Syagrus Romanzoffiana [Cham.] Glassman
SCIENTIFIC note Doi: https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2019v13i3.8363 Pre-depulping and depulping treatments and the emergence of queen palm seeds (Syagrus romanzoffiana [Cham.] Glassman) Tratamiento de pre-despulpado y despulpado sobre la emergencia de semillas de palma reina (Syagrus romanzoffiana [Cham.] Glassman) LUCAS MARQUEZAN NASCIMENTO1 EDUARDO PRADI VENDRUSCOLO2, 4 LUIZ FERNANDES CARDOSO CAMPOS1 LISMAÍRA GONÇALVES CAIXETA GARCIA1 LARISSA LEANDRO PIRES1 ALEXANDER SELEGUINI3 Syagrus romanzoffiana under conditions of Brazilian Cerrado. Photo: L.M. Nascimento ABSTRACT The propagation of the palm Syagrus romanzoffiano is done sexually with seeds, making the process of obtai- ning new plants slow and difficult, especially on large scales. In addition, seed germination is slow, uneven and susceptible to degradation and loss of vigor because of embryo deterioration, even under laboratory conditions. As a result of the lack of information on efficient depulping methods for queen palm fruits, the present study aimed to establish a depulping methodology that is less aggressive to embryos, maintaining emergence quality. This experiment was carried out in Goiânia, Brazil, using fruits from eight stock plants submitted to three pre-depulping treatments (control, fermentation and drying) and two depulping me- thods (industrial depulping and concrete-mixer with the addition of gravel). After the different pre-sowing processes, the fresh and dry pyrenes mass, remaining fibers adhered to the pyrene and seedling emergence were evaluated. The pulper removed an average of 45% more pyrene pulp than the concrete mixer. However, these methodologies did not result in differences in the emergence of plants, which was affected only by the pre-depulping treatment, with superiority in the use of fresh fruits. -
Abstracts from the 1999 Symposium
UTAH I THE I DESERT TORTOISE COUNCIL ARIZONA NEVADA l I i I / + S v'LEI S % A|. w a CALIFORNIA PROCEEDINGS OF 1999 SYMPOSIUM DESERT TORTOISE COUNCIL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1999 SYMPOSIUM A compilation of reports and papers presented at the twenty-fourth annual symposium of the Desert Tortoise Council, March 5-8, 1999 St. George, Utah PUBLICATIONS OF THE DESERT TORTOISE COUNCIL, INC. Members Non-members Proceedings of the 1976 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1977 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1978 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1979 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1980 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1981 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1982 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1983 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1984 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1985 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1986 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1987-91 Desert Tortoise Council Symposia $20,00 $20.00 Proceedings of the 1992 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1993 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1994 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1995 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1996 Desert Tortoise Council Symposium $10.00 $15.00 Proceedings of the 1997-98 Desert Tortoise Council Symposia $10.00 $15.00 Annotated Bibliog raphy of the Desert Tortoise, Gopherus agassizii $10.00 $15.00 Note: Please add $1.00 per copy to cover postage and handling. -
Effects of Predator Satiation on Seed Predation in New Roadside Prairie Plantings
University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 2016 Effects of predator satiation on seed predation in new roadside prairie plantings Jessica Riebkes University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©2016 Jessica Riebkes Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Riebkes, Jessica, "Effects of predator satiation on seed predation in new roadside prairie plantings" (2016). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 277. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/277 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright by JESSICA L. RIEBKES 2016 All Rights Reserved EFFECTS OF PREDATOR SATIATION ON SEED PREDATION IN NEW ROADSIDE PRAIRIE PLANTINGS An Abstract of a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Jessica Riebkes University of Northern Iowa May 2016 ABSTRACT Restoration efforts in the tallgrass prairie ecosystem are inhibited by high seed cost and as little as 10% emergence of planted, pure live seed. This study examined the portion of loss due to seed predation and sought to reduce this predation in new roadside prairie plantings. Studies document the occurrence of predation in several plant communities and across all plant families, but little is known about how to reduce the impact of seed predators, especially in a restoration setting. -
Floristic Richness in a Transitional Area Between Mixed and Semideciduous Forests in the Middle Tibagi River Region, Southern Brazil
ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ! ÍNDICES ! A LOS AUTORES ! Vol. 38 (Nº 28) Año 2017. Pág. 18 Floristic richness in a transitional area between Mixed and Semideciduous Forests in the middle Tibagi River region, southern Brazil Riqueza florística em uma área de transição entre Florestas Mistas e Semidecíduas na região média do rio Tibagi, sul do Brasil Eduardo ADENESKY-FILHO 1 ; Franklin GALVÃO 2; Paulo Cesar BOTOSSO 3 Recibido: 31/12/16 • Aprobado: 25/01/2017 Content 1. Introduction 2. Materials and Methods 3. Results 4. Discussion Acknowledgements Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMO: The vast forest that covered the state of Parana has A vasta floresta que cobria o estado do Paraná foi been reduced to small forest fragments. The Tibagi reduzida a pequenos fragmentos florestais. A bacia do River watershed has some of best fragments, but with rio Tibagi tem alguns dos melhores fragmentos, mas little detailed information about this region is available. com pouca informação detalhada sobre esta região está This study documented the tree and shrub vegetation disponível. Este estudo documentou a vegetação found within the limits of the town of Telêmaco Borba, arbórea e arbórea encontrada dentro dos limites do state of Parana. It recorded 221 species in 51 families município de Telêmaco Borba, estado do Paraná. and 138 genera, among which are one tree species Registou 221 espécies em 51 famílias e 138 gêneros, previously unreported from that state and eight entre os quais uma espécie de árvore anteriormente endangered species. The information obtained shows não declarada desse estado e oito espécies ameaçadas the relevance of forest fragments for the Tibagi River as de extinção. -
Bibliography
Bibliography Abella, S. R. 2010. Disturbance and plant succession in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of the American Southwest. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7:1248—1284. Abella, S. R., D. J. Craig, L. P. Chiquoine, K. A. Prengaman, S. M. Schmid, and T. M. Embrey. 2011. Relationships of native desert plants with red brome (Bromus rubens): Toward identifying invasion-reducing species. Invasive Plant Science and Management 4:115—124. Abella, S. R., N. A. Fisichelli, S. M. Schmid, T. M. Embrey, D. L. Hughson, and J. Cipra. 2015. Status and management of non-native plant invasion in three of the largest national parks in the United States. Nature Conservation 10:71—94. Available: https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.10.4407 Abella, S. R., A. A. Suazo, C. M. Norman, and A. C. Newton. 2013. Treatment alternatives and timing affect seeds of African mustard (Brassica tournefortii), an invasive forb in American Southwest arid lands. Invasive Plant Science and Management 6:559—567. Available: https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-13-00022.1 Abrahamson, I. 2014. Arctostaphylos manzanita. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Fire Effects Information System (Online). plants/shrub/arcman/all.html Ackerman, T. L. 1979. Germination and survival of perennial plant species in the Mojave Desert. The Southwestern Naturalist 24:399—408. Adams, A. W. 1975. A brief history of juniper and shrub populations in southern Oregon. Report No. 6. Oregon State Wildlife Commission, Corvallis, OR. Adams, L. 1962. Planting depths for seeds of three species of Ceanothus. -
MORPHOLOGY of FRUITS, DIASPORES, SEEDS, SEEDLINGS, and SAPLINGS of Syagrus Coronata (Mart.) Becc
652 Original Article MORPHOLOGY OF FRUITS, DIASPORES, SEEDS, SEEDLINGS, AND SAPLINGS OF Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc. MORFOLOGIA DE FRUTOS, DIÁSPOROS, SEMENTES, PLÂNTULAS E MUDAS DE Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc Sueli da Silva SANTOS-MOURA 1; Edilma Pereira GONÇALVES 2; Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade MELO 1; Larissa Guimarães PAIVA 1; Tatiana Maria da SILVA 1 1. Master's in Agricultural Production by the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Garanhuns, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil; 2. Teacher, doctor at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Garanhuns, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil. ABSTRACT: Licuri ( Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.) is an ornamental palm tree native of Brazil with great economic potential, because it provides raw material for manufacturing a wide range of products. The objective of this study was to assess the morphology of the fruits, diaspores, seeds, seedlings, and saplings of Syagrus coronata . The study was performed at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis (LSA) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco/Academic Unit of Garanhuns-PE, by using licuri fruits collected from the rural area of Caetés-PE. It was evaluated fruit morphology, diaspores, seeds, seedlings and saplings. Germination, in the form of cotyledon petiole emergence, began 15 days after sowing, is hypogeal, cryptocotylar, and remote tubular. It is slow and uneven, extending up to 60 days after the first eophyll appears. The saplings have alternate, pinnate, glabrous, entire leaves with parallel venation and sheath invagination. The primary roots persistent, the secondary roots arise from the stem root node in the primary root, and lateral roots only fasciculate was evidenced when the change was 300 days, and must remain in the nursery for at least 360 days after germination before taking it to the field, due to the slow development of this species. -
Calebe Pereira Mendes Patch Size, Shape and Edge
CALEBE PEREIRA MENDES PATCH SIZE, SHAPE AND EDGE DISTANCE INFLUENCES SEED PREDATION IN A KEYSTONE PALM IN TROPICAL RAINFORESTS Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Orientador: Mauro Galetti Co-orientador: Milton Ribeiro Rio Claro 2014 DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho primeiramente a meu Deus, O Altíssimo, a quem amo e que tem me ajudado e ensinado de forma inacreditavelmente ativa e pessoal. A seu filho Jesus, O Cristo, a quem espero e por quem tenho livre acesso ao Pai. Dedico também a meus pais, Marcos e Rute que desde pequeno me incentivaram a buscar a justiça, a disciplina e o conhecimento. E a minha irmã Débora a quem amo muito. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente a Deus e a seu filho pelo dom da vida. Vida que nos dá a oportunidade de conhece-Lo, a possibilidade de segui-Lo, e nos permite contemplar a criação. Agradeço pela oportunidade de não apenas contemplar, mas explorar, estudar e buscar entender a criação através da ciência. Agradeço também a meus pais, Marcos e Rute, a quem amo muito, e que durante toda minha infância me incentivaram a estudar. Lembro-me com carinho dos muitos documentários que gravaram para que eu pudesse assistir quantas vezes quisesse. Eles também me ensinaram a seguir e respeitar os caminhos do Senhor, o que deu início ao meu gosto pela teologia e a minha atual visão sobre a interação entre fé e ciência. Agradeço a minha irmã Débora, a quem realmente amo. -
Simulating Araucaria Angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks with Liocourt’S Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil
Article Simulating Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Timber Stocks With Liocourt’s Law in a Natural Forest in Southern Brazil Emanuel Arnoni Costa 1,2,*, Veraldo Liesenberg 1 , André Felipe Hess 1, César Augusto Guimarães Finger 3,4, Paulo Renato Schneider 3,Régis Villanova Longhi 5, Cristine Tagliapietra Schons 3 and Geedre Adriano Borsoi 1 1 Graduate Program in Forest Engineering, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Lages, Santa Catarina 88520-000, Brazil; [email protected] (V.L.); [email protected] (A.F.H.); [email protected] (G.A.B.) 2 Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais 38500-000, Brazil 3 Graduate Program in Forest Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil; cesarfi[email protected] (C.A.G.F.); [email protected] (P.R.S.); [email protected] (C.T.S.) 4 Graduate Program in Agroecosystems, Federal University of Technology of Paraná (UTFPR), Dois Vizinhos, Paraná 85660-000, Brazil 5 Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-34-99232-3787 Received: 28 January 2020; Accepted: 15 March 2020; Published: 18 March 2020 Abstract: This paper presents a simulation of the regulation of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze timber stocks using Liocourt’s law. Although this species is currently protected by law, recent government initiatives are being considered to propose sustainable forest management practices by selecting small rural properties in Southern Brazil. Here, we simulate the applicability of Liocourt’s law in a typical rural property, the size of which is approximately 85 ha. -
Deterring Rodent Seed-Predation Using Seed-Coating Technologies Justin B
RESEARCH ARTICLE Deterring rodent seed-predation using seed-coating technologies Justin B. Taylor1,2 , Kristina L. Cass1, David N. Armond1, Matthew D. Madsen1 , Dean E. Pearson3,4 , Samuel B. St. Clair1 With many degraded environments undergoing restoration efforts, there is a growing need for the optimization of direct seed- ing practices. Seeds planted on wildlands are often consumed by rodents, leading to reduced plant establishment. Coating seeds in rodent aversive products may prevent seed-predation. We tested 10 seed-coating formulations containing products expected to deter rodents, namely: ghost and cayenne pepper powders; essential oils from bergamot, neem, and pine; methyl-nonyl- ketone, anthraquinone, activated carbon, beta-cyclodextrin, and a blank coating containing no rodent deterrents to serve as a control treatment. Each treatment was applied to Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass) seeds. These seeds germi- nated similarly to uncoated control seeds unless the coating contained methyl-nonyl-ketone which reduced germination. When seeds were offered to Ord’s kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ordii), they strongly avoided the treatments in favor of uncoated control seeds. Notably, the blank coating, lacking active ingredients, still elicited 99% avoidance. However, these results indicated behavior when alternative food sources are readily available, a scenario rare in nature. To address this, a second feeding exper- iment was conducted to observe D. ordii’s behavior under calorie-restricted conditions. D. ordii were subjected to a fast period, then offered only one treatment. Under these conditions, many subjects chose to consume coated seeds, but to a lesser degree than subjects offered control seeds. Seeds coated in ghost pepper, neem oil, and activated carbon reduced consumption by 47–50%. -
Vertebrate Predators Have Minimal Cascading Effects on Plant Production Or Seed Predation in an Intact Grassland Ecosystem
Ecology Letters, (2011) 14: 661–669 doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01633.x LETTER Vertebrate predators have minimal cascading effects on plant production or seed predation in an intact grassland ecosystem Abstract John L. Maron,1* and Dean E. The strength of trophic cascades in terrestrial habitats has been the subject of considerable interest and debate. Pearson2 We conducted an 8-year experiment to determine how exclusion of vertebrate predators, ungulates alone 1Division of Biological Sciences, (to control for ungulate exclusion from predator exclusion plots) or none of these animals influenced how University of Montana, Missoula, strongly a three-species assemblage of rodent consumers affected plant productivity. We also examined MT 59812, USA whether predator exclusion influenced the magnitude of post-dispersal seed predation by mice. Both ungulates 2Rocky Mountain Research Station, and rodents had strong direct effects on graminoid biomass. However, rodent impacts on plant biomass did U.S. Forest Service, Missoula, not differ across plots with or without predators and ⁄ or ungulates. Deer mice removed more seeds from seed MT 59812, USA depots on predator exclusion plots, suggesting trait-mediated indirect effects of predators, but this short-term *Correspondence: E-mail: behavioural response did not translate into longer-term impacts on seed survival. These results suggest that [email protected] vertebrate predators do not fundamentally influence primary production or seed survival in our system. Keywords Giving up density, herbivory, indirect effects, predators, seed predation, small mammals, trait-mediated indirect effects, trophic cascade. Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 661–669 sites where wolf predation risk is high (Ripple et al. -
Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 57(3) Sep. 2013 the INTERNATIONAL PALM SOCIETY, INC
Palms Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 57(3) Sep. 2013 THE INTERNATIONAL PALM SOCIETY, INC. The International Palm Society Palms (formerly PRINCIPES) Journal of The International Palm Society Founder: Dent Smith The International Palm Society is a nonprofit corporation An illustrated, peer-reviewed quarterly devoted to engaged in the study of palms. The society is inter- information about palms and published in March, national in scope with worldwide membership, and the June, September and December by The International formation of regional or local chapters affiliated with the Palm Society Inc., 9300 Sandstone St., Austin, TX international society is encouraged. Please address all 78737-1135 USA. inquiries regarding membership or information about Editors: John Dransfield, Herbarium, Royal Botanic the society to The International Palm Society Inc., 9300 Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, United Sandstone St., Austin, TX 78737-1135 USA, or by e-mail Kingdom, e-mail [email protected], tel. 44-20- to [email protected], fax 512-607-6468. 8332-5225, Fax 44-20-8332-5278. OFFICERS: Scott Zona, Dept. of Biological Sciences (OE 167), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, President: Leland Lai, 21480 Colina Drive, Topanga, Miami, Florida 33199 USA, e-mail [email protected], tel. California 90290 USA, e-mail [email protected], 1-305-348-1247, Fax 1-305-348-1986. tel. 1-310-383-2607. Associate Editor: Natalie Uhl, 228 Plant Science, Vice-Presidents: Jeff Brusseau, 1030 Heather Drive, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA, e- Vista, California 92084 USA, e-mail mail [email protected], tel. 1-607-257-0885. -
Comportamentos E Atividade Diária De Sciurus Ingrami (Thomas) Em Cativeiro (Rodentia, Sciuridae) 1
COMPORTAMENTOS E ATIVIDADE DIÁRIA DE SCIURUS INGRAMI (THOMAS) EM CATIVEIRO (RODENTIA, SCIURIDAE) 1 Marcelo Bordignon 2 Emygdio L.A. Monteiro Filho 2 ABSTRACT. BEHAV IOUR ANO OIARV ACTlVITV 01' SCIUIIUS ISGRAAI/ (THOMAS) lN CAPTIVITV (ROOENTIA, SCIURIDAE). Frorn October 1994 to Novcmber 1995 the beha viour, postures and diurnal activity of tive captive squilTels Scillrlls illgromi were observed and registered. Four basics postures, tive grooming behaviours, displace ments and face wiping behaviour were identified. Based on behavioural observations, the diurnal activity was divided into four categories: resting, disp!acement, feed ing and maintenance. The time spent in each category varied seasonaJ\y and the sq uirrels spent more time resting during winter and spring. However, more time was spent feeding during autum and summer and was reduced the displacement in autum. Two types of breeding behaviour were identilied: sex ual trailing and mating chase of females by males. However copulatori behaviollr was not recorded during the studied period. We also verified that S. illgromi prescnts thennorregulation behaviour during winter, remaining resting in the nest to conserve energy in heath maintenance. During the hottest seasons, the squirrels remain resting out of the nest. placed on the branchs to decrease their body heat to normal tcmpcrature. The behaviours observed in thi s study were similar to those dcscribed in the literatllre. as well as the mating behaviour, which was vely similar to S. carolinellsis. KEY WORDS. SCilll'lIS illgrami. sciurids, behaviour. serelepe De acordo com GURNELL (1987), o número de espécies de esquilos nas florestas tropicais é maior do que os existentes no Hemisfério Norte.