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Learning Disabilities JULY 2017 Keeping You up to Date with the Latest Developments in Your Area

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Learning Disabilities JULY 2017 Keeping You up to Date with the Latest Developments in Your Area Library Services Current Awareness Bulletin Learning Disabilities JULY 2017 Keeping you up to date with the latest developments in your area Current Awareness Bulletins provided by CWPT Library & Knowledge Service are a selection of current/recent articles and publications and are NOT intended to be exhaustive. Other Current Awareness topics are available; please see our current awareness web page: Current Awareness Bulletins. Please contact staff at any of the four Trust libraries if you would like to be added to the mailing list for any of these monthly bulletins. Contents Downs Syndrome Challenging Behaviour Obsessive Compulsive Behaviour Tourette Syndrome General Links to the latest issues of key journals and their table of contents Resources on the web Library Catalogue Help select library stock Trust Libraries and Staff Contact Details To go straight to any of the above Press ctrl and click on of the heading of choice. FREE Document Delivery Service Our Document Delivery Service is free of charge for all Trust staff. Full-text of any of the articles listed below is available upon request and can be sent directly to your Email address or posted to your workplace. Just email your nearest Trust Library for more information. Find us on Facebook For news and information about the Library Services https://www.facebook.com/ CWPTLibraries/ Up-to-date journal abstracts on newly published research Downs Syndrome Self-Reported Presence and Experience of Pain in Adults with Down Syndrome. Author(s): de Knegt, Nanda C.; Lobbezoo, Frank; Schuengel, Carlo; Evenhuis, Heleen M.; Scherder, Erik J. A. Source: Pain Medicine; Jul 2017; vol. 18 (no. 7); p. 1247-1263 Abstract: Objective. The aim was to examine whether the presence of pain (based on physical conditions and participants’ report) and self-reported pain experience in adults with Down syndrome (DS) differ from general population controls. Design. Cross-sectional study of 224 adults with DS (mean age = 38.1 years, mild-severe intellectual disabilities) and 142 age-matched controls (median age = 40.5 years, mean estimated IQ = 105.7) in the Netherlands. Methods. File-based medical information was evaluated. Self- reported presence and experience of pain were assessed in rest and after movement during a test session (affect with facial affective scale (FAS: 0.04–0.97), intensity assessed with numeric rating scale (NRS: 0– 10). Results. Compared with controls, more DS participants had physical conditions that may cause pain and/or discomfort (p = .004, 50% vs 35%), but fewer DS participants reported pain during the test session (p = .003, 58% vs 73%). Of the participants who indicated pain and comprehended self-reporting scales (n = 198 FAS, n = 161 NRS), the DS group reported a higher pain affect and intensity than the controls (p < .001, FAS: 0.75–0.85 vs 0.50–0.59, NRS: 6.00–7.94 vs 2.00–3.73). Conclusions. Not all adults with DS and painful/discomforting physical conditions reported pain. Those who did indicated a higher pain experience than adults from the general population. Research into spontaneous self-report of pain, repeated pain assessment, and acute pain is needed in people with DS for more insight into pain experience and mismatches between self-report and medical information. Database: CINAHL A nationwide, cross-sectional survey on unusual sleep postures and sleep-disordered breathing-related symptoms in people with Down syndrome. Author(s): Kuroda, H.; Sawatari, H.; Ando, S.; Ohkusa, T.; Rahmawati, A.; Ono, J.; Nishizaka, M.; Hashiguchi, N.; Matsuoka, F.; Chishaki, A. Source: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research; Jul 2017; vol. 61 (no. 7); p. 656-667 Abstract: Background People with Down syndrome (DS) often have sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Unusual sleep postures, such as leaning forward and sitting, are observed in people with DS. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of unusual sleep postures and their relationships with SDB-related symptoms (SDB-RSs), such as snoring, witnessed apnoea, nocturnal awakening and excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods A questionnaire, including demographic characteristics and the presence of unusual sleep postures, as well as SDB-RSs, was completed by 1149 parents of people with DS from Japan. Results Unusual sleep postures were recorded in 483 (42.0%) people with DS. These participants were significantly younger and had a history of low muscle tone more frequently than people without unusual sleep postures. In all ages, the leaning forward posture was more frequent than sitting. People with DS with unusual sleep postures suffered from SDB-RSs. Those who slept in the sitting posture had more frequent SDB-RSs than did those who slept with the leaning forward posture. Snoring, witnessed apnoea and nocturnal awakening were observed in 73.6, 27.2 and 58.2% of participants, respectively. Snoring increased with aging. Witnessed apnoea was more common in males and in those with hypothyroidism than in females and in those without hypothyroidism. Conclusions Our study shows that there is a close relationship between unusual sleep postures and SDB-RSs. We recommend that all people with DS with unusual sleep postures should be checked for the presence of SDB. Database: CINAHL Pain and Cognitive Functioning in Adults with Down Syndrome. Author(s): de Knegt, Nanda C.; Lobbezoo, Frank; Schuengel, Carlo; Evenhuis, Heleen M.; Scherder, Erik J. A. Source: Pain Medicine; Jul 2017; vol. 18 (no. 7); p. 1264-1277 Abstract: Objective. The aim of the present study was to examine whether cognitive functioning (i.e., memory and executive functioning) is related to self-reported presence of pain (i.e., affirmative answer to the question whether the individual feels pain) and experience of pain (i.e., intensity and affect) in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Design, Setting, and Subjects. Cross-sectional study of 224 adults with DS (mean age = 38.1 years, mild-severe intellectual disabilities) in the Netherlands. Methods. File-based medical information was evaluated. Self-reported presence and experience of pain were assessed during a test session, both in rest and after movement (affect with the facial affective scale [FAS], intensity with the numeric rating scale [NRS]). Neuropsychological tests for memory and executive functioning were used. Results. Participants with lower memory scores were more likely to report the presence of pain, while controlling for age, gender, physical conditions that may cause pain, language comprehension, and vocabulary (p = .030, 58.4% classification rate, N = 154). No statistically significant associations were found between executive functioning and self-reported presence of pain or between cognitive functioning and self-reported pain experience. Conclusions. Memory seems to be related to the self-reported presence of pain in adults with DS after explicit inquiry, although the clinical use of this model is yet limited. Therefore, further research is needed for insight into the role of cognitive processes in self-report (e.g., involving aspects such as acquiescence and repeated measurements) to evaluate whether neuropsychological examination could contribute to pain assessment in DS. Database: CINAHL Physical Activity Patterns in Infants With and Without Down Syndrome... [including commentary by Alison Wigstrom-Hoseth, Julia Looper]. Author(s): Ketcheson, Leah; Pitchford, E. Andrew; Hyun-Jin Kwon; Ulrich, Dale A. Source: Pediatric Physical Therapy; Jul 2017; vol. 29 (no. 3); p. 200-206 Abstract: Purpose: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are at greater risk for obesity than their peers who are developing typically. One factor contributing to an early onset of obesity is low levels of physical activity (PA). However, there is little known regarding PA patterns during infancy. Methods: The purpose of this study was to examine the daily PA patterns in 22 infants developing typically and 11 infants with Down syndrome (aged 1-12 months) using Actigraph GT3X+ (wrist and ankle). Results: No significant differences between groups were identified in PA counts at the ankle. Both groups produced significantly more PA at the wrist than at the ankle and PA counts increased across months in age. Conclusion: This study represents an important first step in establishing baseline PA patterns during infancy. Database: CINAHL Behaviour Challenging Behaviour Incorporating Relationship-Based Care Into a Nurse Education Program for Managing Disruptive Patient Behaviors. Author(s): Lee, Betty; Del Rosario, Kristian; Byron-Iyamah, Cecily Source: Clinical Nurse Specialist: The Journal for Advanced Nursing Practice; Jul 2017; vol. 31 (no. 4); p. 201-209 Abstract: Purpose: In the hospitalized patient, stressors can be manifested as disruptive behaviors. Nursing staff confronted with disruptive behaviors from their patients or families may have difficulty delivering care and developing therapeutic relationships. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effects of an education program using the concepts of relationship-based care with role-play and reflective practice on the knowledge, attitudes, and confidence of the nursing staff in managing disruptive patient behaviors. Description: Nursing staff (N = 68) from an adult medical unit participated in an interactive education program. We compared participants' self-responses about knowledge, attitudes, and confidence before intervention and at 3-month and 1-year postintervention. The number of disruptive incidents requiring hospital security was also measured. Outcome: At 3-month
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