The Determinants and Development of Fast Bowling Performance in Cricket
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Of All SPORTS Territory of All SPORTS CONTENTS
Territory of all SPORTS Territory of all SPORTS CONTENTS Mulhouse Alsace Urban Area (m2A), at the crossroads of Europe ..................................................04 Sports area / Plaine Sportive de l’Ill .....................................08 A whole host of premium sports facilities Ill Stadium Alsace Regional Sports Center High performance Swimming Training Center Illberg Water Sports and Swimming Stadium Mulhouse Olympic Skating Rink Sports area / Palais des Sports Gilbert Buttazzoni Sports area / Plaine Sportive du Waldeck ..........................20 A wide range of leisure facilities Canoe-Kayak, Rowing and Sailing Centers ........................ 22 3 ultra-specialised facilities Training, recuperation, relaxation ..........................................24 See the film 6 water sports sites designed for you m2A, territory of all sports on mulhouse-alsace.fr/sport-premium m2A, territory of all sports .....................................................26 02 03 MULHOUSE ALSACE URBAN AREA AT THE EUROAIRPORT MULHOUSE TGV / MAIN HIGHWAYS CROSSROADS Basel-Mulhouse-Fribourg HIGHSPEED TRAIN STATION via the A35 and A36 30 km from Mulhouse direct trains from Zurich - OF EUROPE Marseille - Lyon - Paris - CDG 1:30 BERLIN 1:40 LONDON EuroAirport TGV / highspeed train station Heathrow 1:30 AMSTERDAM 1:15 550 flights a week PARIS in 2 hrs 40: 11 round trips a day 3 EuroVelo (EV) cycling routes: BRUSSELS 100 international destinations LYON: 6 round trips a day EV 6 (River Route) 9 million passengers a year MARSEILLE: 3 round trips a day EV 5 (Via Roma Francigéna) 3:03 ZURICH: 6 round trips a day EV 15 (The Rhine Cycle Route) FRANKFURT 2:40 PARIS Gare de Lyon 1:10 PARIS Roissy 46’ STRASBOURG 41’ FRIBOURG 1:40 VIENNA m2A has a wide range of educational and MULHOUSE 20’ BASEL training facilities •All educational levels: secondary schools and a university. -
Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: a Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers †
Proceedings Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: A Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers † Franz Konstantin Fuss 1,*, Batdelger Doljin 1 and René E. D. Ferdinands 2 1 Smart Products Engineering Program, Centre for Design Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia; [email protected] 2 Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2141, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-3-9214-6882 † Presented at the 13th conference of the International Sports Engineering Association, Online, 22–26 June 2020. Published: 15 June 2020 Abstract: Profiling of spin bowlers is currently based on the assessment of translational velocity and spin rate (angular velocity). If two spin bowlers impart the same spin rate on the ball, but bowler A generates more spin rate than bowler B, then bowler A has a higher chance to be drafted, although bowler B has the potential to achieve the same spin rate, if the losses are minimized (e.g., by optimizing the bowler’s kinematics through training). We used a smart cricket ball for determining the spin rate and torque imparted on the ball at a high sampling frequency. The ratio of peak torque to maximum spin rate times 100 was used for determining the ‘spin bowling potential’. A ratio of greater than 1 has more potential to improve the spin rate. The spin bowling potential ranged from 0.77 to 1.42. Comparatively, the bowling potential in fast bowlers ranged from 1.46 to 1.95. Keywords: cricket; smart cricket ball; profiling; performance; skill; spin rate; torque; bowling potential 1. -
Sports History in the British Library: Selected Titles
SPORT & SOCIETY The Summer Olympics and Paralympics through the lens of social science www.bl.uk/sportandsociety Sports history in the British Library: selected titles Any analysis of sport, sporting events and sports governance must inevitably take into account the historical events which underpin them. For sports researchers, the British Library has an unrivalled collection of resources covering all aspects of the subject and in many different media, from books describing sporting events, to biographies and autobiographies of grass roots and elite athletes; coaching manuals; sport yearbooks and annual reports; directories of athletics clubs; sports periodicals; newspaper reports; and oral history interviews with sports people, including Olympians and Paralympians. These materials cover a long period of sporting activity both in Great Britain and elsewhere in the world. Some early materials As a glance at the earliest editions of the British Museum Library subject index show, the term ‘sport’ in the 18th century (and for much of the nineteenth) usually referred to blood sports. Nevertheless the existence of such headings as Rowing, Bowls, Cricket, Football, and Gymnastics in these early indexes point to a longstanding role for sport -as currently understood - in British social life. As was the case in ancient times, sports might originate as forms of preparation for war (from 1338, when the Hundred year’s war with France began, a series of English kings passed laws to make football illegal for fear that it would consume too much of the time set aside for archery practice); but they could also represent the natural human desire for friendly competition, so that alongside the jousting of the elite, games like bowling, stool ball and football could hold important places in the lives of ordinary people. -
Cricket Fast Bowling Injury Presentation
Evidence-based injury prevention for repetitive microtrauma injuries: The cricket example . Dr Rebecca Dennis School of Human Movement and Sport Sciences University of Ballarat Adopting injury prevention research into the management of cricket fast bowlers Patrick Farhart Physiotherapist Cricket NSW Overview of presentation • The research student “journey” - developing a partnership with sport • Development of a research plan • Injury to cricket players • Previous injury risk factor research • Overview of the research projects completed • How this research has been adopted into the cricket “real world” • Research directions for the future Overview of presentation • Tips and hints for researchers and sporting practitioners • How researchers can get funding • Ideas for administrators on what research is likely to work and what they should be looking for in a funding application The start of the research adventure… The research student journey • Honours research • Identification of priority areas • Cricket - one of Australia’s most popular sports • Nearly 500,000 people participate in organised programs each year The research student journey • Contacted several people associated with cricket • Discussion of ideas with Patrick – original plan “rubbish”! • Identified fast bowling injury as a priority area • Developed a plan for the research Injury in Australian elite cricket Wicket keepers Spin bowlers Batsmen Fast bowlers 1% 4% 4% 16% This clearly establishes fast bowlers as the priority group for continued injury risk factor research Orchard -
Measuring Spin Characteristics of a Cricket Ball
12:00-12:15 pm Aaron J. Beach. Measuring spin characteristics of a cricket ball. (230) MEASURING SPIN CHARACTERISTICS OF A CRICKET BALL Aaron Beach, René Ferdinands and Peter Sinclair Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia The purpose of this paper is to outline an experimental procedure for measuring the spin rate and direction of spin axis of a cricket ball in flight. While the spin rate and horizontal direction of the spin axis are important for deviation upon impact with the ground, the lateral movement of the ball in the air requires a vertical elevation angle of the ball’s spin axis. Using three markers on the ball, a 3D Cortex motion analysis system was used to measure the vertical and horizontal components of the spin axis from six deliveries of ten bowlers of varying playing levels. Software was programmed to graphically display the magnitude and direction of the ball spin during the live capture, making it a potentially valuable performance analysis tool. The results show that bowlers had substantial differences in spin rate and spin axis orientation depending on their playing level. KEY WORDS: cricket, spin bowling, spin, flight, swerve. INTRODUCTION: In contrast to the athleticism of fast bowling in cricket, spin bowling is a more tactical and deceptive art. While spin bowlers generally aim to deceive batsmen by causing the ball to alter the direction of its bounce off the ground, another effective tactic is to make the ball deviate from its natural projectile motion during its flight. Two factors are commonly associated with the ball’s flight, often referred to as dip and drift. -
Throwing Or Bowling? Biomechanical Analysis of Suspect Actions
Throwing or bowling? Biomechanical Analysis of Suspect Actions Text: Helen Bayne (née Crewe), Head Biomechanist, hpc A distinctive feature of cricket is that the bowler is required to deliver the ball with an overarm action but without throwing. The Laws of Cricket state that “a ball is fairly delivered in respect of the arm if, once the bowler’s arm has reached the level of the shoulder in the delivery swing, the elbow joint is not straightened partially or completely from that point until the ball has left the hand”. The implementation of this law has been a controversial and emotive issue ever since the earliest documented reports of umpires calling “no-ball” for throwing in the 1890s and has undoubtedly affected many bowlers’ cricket careers. In recent times, modern technology has enabled a more objective procedure for evaluating bowling action legality. Even in players who bowl with the straightest of arms, the elbow joint is not completely rigid during bowling. So, in 2005, following a review of around Carrying angle 130 spin, medium and fast bowlers who had been examined using field-based and laboratory-based testing methods, the ICC introduced a tolerance the bowler’s arm and body move through a threshold of 15 degrees. This refers specifically to complex three-dimensional range so that you could straightening of the elbow (extension) between the never be in a perfect position that would allow you points where the upper arm reaches horizontal to view the flexion-extension of the elbow. Lastly, during the delivery stride and when the ball is anatomical variations can create an illusion that the released. -
Issue 40: Summer 2009/10
Journal of the Melbourne Cricket Club Library Issue 40, Summer 2009 This Issue From our Summer 2009/10 edition Ken Williams looks at the fi rst Pakistan tour of Australia, 45 years ago. We also pay tribute to Richie Benaud's role in cricket, as he undertakes his last Test series of ball-by-ball commentary and wish him luck in his future endeavours in the cricket media. Ross Perry presents an analysis of Australia's fi rst 16-Test winning streak from October 1999 to March 2001. A future issue of The Yorker will cover their second run of 16 Test victories. We note that part two of Trevor Ruddell's article detailing the development of the rules of Australian football has been delayed until our next issue, which is due around Easter 2010. THE EDITORS Treasures from the Collections The day Don Bradman met his match in Frank Thorn On Saturday, February 25, 1939 a large crowd gathered in the Melbourne District competition throughout the at the Adelaide Oval for the second day’s play in the fi nal 1930s, during which time he captured 266 wickets at 20.20. Sheffi eld Shield match of the season, between South Despite his impressive club record, he played only seven Australia and Victoria. The fans came more in anticipation games for Victoria, in which he captured 24 wickets at an of witnessing the setting of a world record than in support average of 26.83. Remarkably, the two matches in which of the home side, which began the game one point ahead he dismissed Bradman were his only Shield appearances, of its opponent on the Shield table. -
Guide to Sport Invention3
THE INSTITUTE FOR AESTHLETICS GUIDE TO SPORT INVENTION! Hello! If you are reading this you have had the unfortunate pleasure to sit through an Institute for Aesthletics workshop on sport design! Now you must read through this resource packet! We here at the Institute do not believe so much in formal thought so we will try to keep this packet as useful and unlaborious as possible. That being said, we have many helpful insights on sport design that we would love to share with you. Since we may have reviewed many of these pointers, this guide both serves as a refresher and also expands on some ideas only touched on at the workshop. Introduction Why Invent New Sports? Why would you invent a new sport when there are already so many great sports out there like Underwater Ice Hockey, Wife Carrying, and Volleyball? The list is endless! So what is the point when we already have these great games? Well, the thing is, while it is great to be able to just go outside and play a sport like ski jumping or synchronized swimming without having to “invent” anything, the labor of making up a game is actually worthwhile and fun. To see how fun and, gasp, how educational sport invention is, we can turn to the foremost experts of sport inventors: children. Children invent sports all the time, at least they used to before Play Station. When I was a young lad, growing up in the hardscrabble streets of an upper middle class Brooklyn neighborhood, we were forced to make up our own fun. -
Maximising Ball Release Speed in Overhead Throwing Through Optimising Arm Segment Masses
MAXIMISING BALL RELEASE SPEED IN OVERHEAD THROWING THROUGH OPTIMISING ARM SEGMENT MASSES A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Patrick Fasbender Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London 28 September 2017 Abstract The tapering distribution of segment masses in the human arm helps in the generation of high ball release speeds in overarm throwing. However, the masses of the individual arm segments might not be optimal; arm segment masses could be optimised in order to improve throwing performance. The aim of this project was to identify and understand the optimal upper arm mass that results in the highest ball release speed in overarm throwing. The first study was a theoretical study, using a simple two-segment model of the arm to determine the optimal combination of arm segment masses that maximises ball release speed. This simplified throw was chosen to identify the basic mechanism causing changes in ball release speed with a heavier upper arm mass. The study identified that there is an optimal upper arm mass, but this optimum depends on the forearm mass and the shoulder torque. Furthermore, the study showed that a heavier forearm mass produces a lower ball release speed. An experimental approach was used in the second study to analyse the effect of additional upper arm mass on ball release speed and throwing mechanics in an overarm throw similar to that used by baseball pitchers. However, group analysis of the ball release speed did not reveal an optimal upper arm mass, and most of the kinematic, kinetic, and temporal variables were not affected by additional upper arm mass. -
Biomechanics in Testing the Legality of a Bowling Action in Cricket
BIOMECHANICS IN TESTING THE LEGALITY OF A BOWLING ACTION IN CRICKET David Lloyd, Jacque Alderson and Bruce Elliott Department of Human Movement and Exercise Science The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia Movement analysis in sport and leisure is clearly the domain of the sports biomechanist. Technique modifications to improve performance or reduce the incidence of injury are currently administered. However, the analysis of sporting movements, from a legal perspective, is a more recent development. This paper discusses the procedures used in testing the legality of actions used in bowling in cricket. KEY WORDS: motion analysis, cricket, Vicon INTRODUCTION: The current no ball law in cricket with reference to throwing states: “the arm should not be straightened in the part of the delivery that immediately precedes ball release” The sport biomechanist in assessing the legality of a bowling action must first decide on the design of the analysis protocol. Questions that need to be answered before deciding on this protocol are: Is movement analysed in a laboratory setting representative of what occurs in the game environment? Also, are athletes capable of changing their action to comply with regulations when being filmed in a laboratory environment? Does the lack of accuracy in determining joint centres under baggy clothing worn in match conditions, lead to uncertainty about the error in the collected data? The laws of the game must also be read from both a “spirit of the game” and a biomechanical perspective. In fast bowling the phrase “immediately before delivery” must be interpreted from both those perspectives. This paper will show how the Sri Lankin spin bowler Muttiah Muralitharan on being “called for throwing” was analysed within the biomechanics laboratory of the Department of Human Movement and Exercise Science. -
ECB Fast Bowling Match Directives
ECB Fast Bowling Match Directives Age Max. overs per spell Max. overs per day Up to U13 5 10 U14, U15 6 12 U16, U17, U18, U19 7 18 For the purpose of these Directives a fast bowler is defined as a bowler to whom a wicket keeper in the same age group would in normal circumstances stand back to take the ball. Having completed a spell the bowler cannot bowl again, from either end, until the equivalent number of overs to the length of his* spell have been bowled from the same end. A bowler can change ends without ending his current spell provided that he bowls the next over that he legally can from the other end. If this does not happen his spell is deemed to be concluded. If play is interrupted, for any reason, for less than 40 minutes any spell in progress at the time of the interruption can be continued after the interruption up to the maximum number of overs per spell for the appropriate age group. If the spell is not continued after the interruption the bowler cannot bowl again, from either end, until the equivalent number of overs to the length of his spell before the interruption have been bowled from the same end. If the interruption is of 40 minutes or more, whether scheduled or not, the bowler can commence a new spell immediately. In matches of 20 overs or less per team where the competition regulations only allow bowlers to bowl less than or equal to the number of overs specified as the maximum in a spell in the Directives the provisions requiring an equivalent number of overs from the same end to have elapsed before a subsequent spell can commence shall not apply (e.g. -
A Multidisciplinary Examination of Fast Bowling Talent Development in Cricket
A MULTIDISCIPLINARY EXAMINATION OF FAST BOWLING TALENT DEVELOPMENT IN CRICKET Elissa Jane Phillips BPhEd & MSc (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Human Movement Studies Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology 2011 ii Keywords Biomechanics, cricket, dynamical systems theory, degeneracy, expertise, fast bowling, skill acquisition, metastability, multidisciplinary, talent development, variability. iii iv Abstract Research on expertise, talent identification and development has tended to be mono-disciplinary, typically adopting geno-centric or environmentalist positions, with an overriding focus on operational issues. In this thesis, the validity of dualist positions on sport expertise is evaluated. It is argued that, to advance understanding of expertise and talent development, a shift towards a multidisciplinary and integrative science focus is necessary, along with the development of a comprehensive multidisciplinary theoretical rationale. Dynamical systems theory is utilised as a multidisciplinary theoretical rationale for the succession of studies, capturing how multiple interacting constraints can shape the development of expert performers. Phase I of the research examines experiential knowledge of coaches and players on the development of fast bowling talent utilising qualitative research methodology. It provides insights into the developmental histories of expert fast bowlers, as well as coaching philosophies on the constraints of fast bowling expertise. Results suggest talent development programmes should eschew the notion of common optimal performance models and emphasize the individual nature of pathways to expertise. Coaching and talent development programmes should identify the range of interacting constraints that impinge on the performance potential of individual athletes, rather than evaluating current performance on physical tests referenced to group norms.