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Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: a Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers †
Proceedings Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: A Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers † Franz Konstantin Fuss 1,*, Batdelger Doljin 1 and René E. D. Ferdinands 2 1 Smart Products Engineering Program, Centre for Design Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia; [email protected] 2 Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2141, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-3-9214-6882 † Presented at the 13th conference of the International Sports Engineering Association, Online, 22–26 June 2020. Published: 15 June 2020 Abstract: Profiling of spin bowlers is currently based on the assessment of translational velocity and spin rate (angular velocity). If two spin bowlers impart the same spin rate on the ball, but bowler A generates more spin rate than bowler B, then bowler A has a higher chance to be drafted, although bowler B has the potential to achieve the same spin rate, if the losses are minimized (e.g., by optimizing the bowler’s kinematics through training). We used a smart cricket ball for determining the spin rate and torque imparted on the ball at a high sampling frequency. The ratio of peak torque to maximum spin rate times 100 was used for determining the ‘spin bowling potential’. A ratio of greater than 1 has more potential to improve the spin rate. The spin bowling potential ranged from 0.77 to 1.42. Comparatively, the bowling potential in fast bowlers ranged from 1.46 to 1.95. Keywords: cricket; smart cricket ball; profiling; performance; skill; spin rate; torque; bowling potential 1. -
Cricket Fast Bowling Injury Presentation
Evidence-based injury prevention for repetitive microtrauma injuries: The cricket example . Dr Rebecca Dennis School of Human Movement and Sport Sciences University of Ballarat Adopting injury prevention research into the management of cricket fast bowlers Patrick Farhart Physiotherapist Cricket NSW Overview of presentation • The research student “journey” - developing a partnership with sport • Development of a research plan • Injury to cricket players • Previous injury risk factor research • Overview of the research projects completed • How this research has been adopted into the cricket “real world” • Research directions for the future Overview of presentation • Tips and hints for researchers and sporting practitioners • How researchers can get funding • Ideas for administrators on what research is likely to work and what they should be looking for in a funding application The start of the research adventure… The research student journey • Honours research • Identification of priority areas • Cricket - one of Australia’s most popular sports • Nearly 500,000 people participate in organised programs each year The research student journey • Contacted several people associated with cricket • Discussion of ideas with Patrick – original plan “rubbish”! • Identified fast bowling injury as a priority area • Developed a plan for the research Injury in Australian elite cricket Wicket keepers Spin bowlers Batsmen Fast bowlers 1% 4% 4% 16% This clearly establishes fast bowlers as the priority group for continued injury risk factor research Orchard -
Measuring Spin Characteristics of a Cricket Ball
12:00-12:15 pm Aaron J. Beach. Measuring spin characteristics of a cricket ball. (230) MEASURING SPIN CHARACTERISTICS OF A CRICKET BALL Aaron Beach, René Ferdinands and Peter Sinclair Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia The purpose of this paper is to outline an experimental procedure for measuring the spin rate and direction of spin axis of a cricket ball in flight. While the spin rate and horizontal direction of the spin axis are important for deviation upon impact with the ground, the lateral movement of the ball in the air requires a vertical elevation angle of the ball’s spin axis. Using three markers on the ball, a 3D Cortex motion analysis system was used to measure the vertical and horizontal components of the spin axis from six deliveries of ten bowlers of varying playing levels. Software was programmed to graphically display the magnitude and direction of the ball spin during the live capture, making it a potentially valuable performance analysis tool. The results show that bowlers had substantial differences in spin rate and spin axis orientation depending on their playing level. KEY WORDS: cricket, spin bowling, spin, flight, swerve. INTRODUCTION: In contrast to the athleticism of fast bowling in cricket, spin bowling is a more tactical and deceptive art. While spin bowlers generally aim to deceive batsmen by causing the ball to alter the direction of its bounce off the ground, another effective tactic is to make the ball deviate from its natural projectile motion during its flight. Two factors are commonly associated with the ball’s flight, often referred to as dip and drift. -
Issue 40: Summer 2009/10
Journal of the Melbourne Cricket Club Library Issue 40, Summer 2009 This Issue From our Summer 2009/10 edition Ken Williams looks at the fi rst Pakistan tour of Australia, 45 years ago. We also pay tribute to Richie Benaud's role in cricket, as he undertakes his last Test series of ball-by-ball commentary and wish him luck in his future endeavours in the cricket media. Ross Perry presents an analysis of Australia's fi rst 16-Test winning streak from October 1999 to March 2001. A future issue of The Yorker will cover their second run of 16 Test victories. We note that part two of Trevor Ruddell's article detailing the development of the rules of Australian football has been delayed until our next issue, which is due around Easter 2010. THE EDITORS Treasures from the Collections The day Don Bradman met his match in Frank Thorn On Saturday, February 25, 1939 a large crowd gathered in the Melbourne District competition throughout the at the Adelaide Oval for the second day’s play in the fi nal 1930s, during which time he captured 266 wickets at 20.20. Sheffi eld Shield match of the season, between South Despite his impressive club record, he played only seven Australia and Victoria. The fans came more in anticipation games for Victoria, in which he captured 24 wickets at an of witnessing the setting of a world record than in support average of 26.83. Remarkably, the two matches in which of the home side, which began the game one point ahead he dismissed Bradman were his only Shield appearances, of its opponent on the Shield table. -
ECB Fast Bowling Match Directives
ECB Fast Bowling Match Directives Age Max. overs per spell Max. overs per day Up to U13 5 10 U14, U15 6 12 U16, U17, U18, U19 7 18 For the purpose of these Directives a fast bowler is defined as a bowler to whom a wicket keeper in the same age group would in normal circumstances stand back to take the ball. Having completed a spell the bowler cannot bowl again, from either end, until the equivalent number of overs to the length of his* spell have been bowled from the same end. A bowler can change ends without ending his current spell provided that he bowls the next over that he legally can from the other end. If this does not happen his spell is deemed to be concluded. If play is interrupted, for any reason, for less than 40 minutes any spell in progress at the time of the interruption can be continued after the interruption up to the maximum number of overs per spell for the appropriate age group. If the spell is not continued after the interruption the bowler cannot bowl again, from either end, until the equivalent number of overs to the length of his spell before the interruption have been bowled from the same end. If the interruption is of 40 minutes or more, whether scheduled or not, the bowler can commence a new spell immediately. In matches of 20 overs or less per team where the competition regulations only allow bowlers to bowl less than or equal to the number of overs specified as the maximum in a spell in the Directives the provisions requiring an equivalent number of overs from the same end to have elapsed before a subsequent spell can commence shall not apply (e.g. -
A Multidisciplinary Examination of Fast Bowling Talent Development in Cricket
A MULTIDISCIPLINARY EXAMINATION OF FAST BOWLING TALENT DEVELOPMENT IN CRICKET Elissa Jane Phillips BPhEd & MSc (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Human Movement Studies Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology 2011 ii Keywords Biomechanics, cricket, dynamical systems theory, degeneracy, expertise, fast bowling, skill acquisition, metastability, multidisciplinary, talent development, variability. iii iv Abstract Research on expertise, talent identification and development has tended to be mono-disciplinary, typically adopting geno-centric or environmentalist positions, with an overriding focus on operational issues. In this thesis, the validity of dualist positions on sport expertise is evaluated. It is argued that, to advance understanding of expertise and talent development, a shift towards a multidisciplinary and integrative science focus is necessary, along with the development of a comprehensive multidisciplinary theoretical rationale. Dynamical systems theory is utilised as a multidisciplinary theoretical rationale for the succession of studies, capturing how multiple interacting constraints can shape the development of expert performers. Phase I of the research examines experiential knowledge of coaches and players on the development of fast bowling talent utilising qualitative research methodology. It provides insights into the developmental histories of expert fast bowlers, as well as coaching philosophies on the constraints of fast bowling expertise. Results suggest talent development programmes should eschew the notion of common optimal performance models and emphasize the individual nature of pathways to expertise. Coaching and talent development programmes should identify the range of interacting constraints that impinge on the performance potential of individual athletes, rather than evaluating current performance on physical tests referenced to group norms. -
Suspect Bowling Action Report Form
Rm 1019 Olympic House, 1 Stadium Path, So Kon Po, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong ⾹港銅鑼灣掃桿埔⼤球場徑 一號 奧運⼤樓 1019室 T +852 2504 8190 F +852 2577 8486 E [email protected] Suspected Illegal Bowling Action - Match Officials Report This form should be completed by the umpire(s) when they suspect that a bowler is bowling with an illegal bowling action. Section 1 - Match Information Match: V Date: Venue / Location Match Officials 1 - On-Field Umpire (list where relevant) 2 - On-field Umpire 3 - Reserve Umpire Section 2 - Bowler Information Name: Club Bowling Arm: Left Arm Bowler Right Arm Bowler Bowling Type: Section 3 - Suspect Delivery Details Suspect Delivery Type Examples of Delivery (See Reference as guide) (“All” or Identify select overs/balls) CRICKET HONG KONG LIMITED (incorporated with limited liability) www.hKcricKet.org Rm 1019 Olympic House, 1 Stadium Path, So Kon Po, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong ⾹港銅鑼灣掃桿埔⼤球場徑 一號 奧運⼤樓 1019室 T +852 2504 8190 F +852 2577 8486 E [email protected] Reference for Match Officials Bowling Type Delivery Examples Pace Standard Delivery - Yorker, Good length & Bouncer Specific Variations - Off cutter - Leg cutter - Slower ball - Other Off Spin / Orthodox Standard delivery - Off breaK Specific Variations - Doosra - Arm ball - Quicker ball - Carrom ball - Other Leg Spin / Chinaman Standard Delivery - Leg BreaK Specific Variations - Googly - Flipper - Top Spinner - Other Section 4 - Reporting Match Officials Match Official Signed Date 1 2 3 The form shall also be emailed, by the CHK Umpires, to [email protected] within 24 Hours of the conclusion of the match in which the player is reported CRICKET HONG KONG LIMITED (incorporated with limited liability) www.hKcricKet.org . -
The Kinematics of Batting Against Fast Bowling in Cricket
THE KINEMATICS OF BATTING AGAINST FAST BOWLING IN CRICKET by CHRIS PEPLOE A Doctoral Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University July 2016 © by Chris Peploe, 2016. ABSTRACT In cricket, batting against a fast bowler is thought to be one of the most challenging tasks a player must undertake. Despite this, minimal research exists investigating the techniques used by batsmen, with the majority of research focussed on injury mechanisms and pace generation in fast bowlers. The aim of this study was to investigate the techniques used by elite and amateur batsmen in a training environment, such that key aspects of batting technique relating to success could be extracted, and recommendations for future coaching practice and player development could be made. A novel methodology was developed for the collection of full body three-dimensional kinematic data of cricket batsmen in a realistic training environment. Kinematic and high-speed video (250 Hz) data were collected for 31 batsmen, and a three-dimensional full body biomechanical model was developed. Batsmen performed forward drive and pull shots against different delivery methods. Key events and kinematic parameters were defined, and used to produce detailed biomechanical descriptions of the forward drive and pull shots. A curve fitting methodology was developed and validated to determine the impact location of the ball on the bat face, and used to investigate the effects of impact location on shot outcome during a range hitting task. Impacts further from the sweetspot were found to generate lower ball speeds and decrease shot accuracy through bat twist. -
The Determinants and Development of Fast Bowling Performance in Cricket
The Determinants and Development of Fast Bowling Performance in Cricket Simon A. Feros This thesis is submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Human Movement) School of Health Sciences Federation University Australia P.O. Box 663 University Drive, Mount Helen Ballarat Victoria 3353 Australia Submitted September 2015 Page | i Abstract This thesis sought to reveal the physical and kinematic determinants of pace bowling performance. After drawing on these determinants, a secondary aim was to investigate whether pace bowling performance could be enhanced with chronic resistance training and warm-up strategies. However, before the physical and kinematic determinants of pace bowling performance could be identified, and the effects of two training interventions and warm-ups on pace bowling performance, a new pace bowling test was created, and the test-retest reliability of its performance and kinematic measures were evaluated. Knowledge of a variables’ test-retest reliability is important for interpreting the validity of correlations, but also for the determination of a meaningful change following a training intervention. Only one published study to date has explored the test-retest reliability of a pace bowling assessment, and this test only measured bowling accuracy (1). Previous research has not comprehensively examined the relationships between physical qualities and pace bowling performance. Several important physical qualities (e.g., power, speed-acceleration, flexibility, repeat-sprint ability) have been excluded in correlational research, which may be crucial for optimal pace bowling performance. Furthermore, there is only one published training intervention study on pace bowling research (2). Consequently there is scant evidence for coaches to design training programs proven to enhance pace bowling performance. -
Wicket Good in the World, Begins This Weekend with Games in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh
FEBRUARY 17 - 23 One-Day International (like World Cup) About 7 hours long First-class cricket Three to five Twenty20 (T20) days long About three hours long THREE KINds sevendays OF CRICKET The Cricket World Cup, one of the most-watched sporting events wicket good in the world, begins this weekend with games in India, sri Lanka and Bangladesh. For six weeks, the entire Indian subcontinent will be glued to televisions and radios—over two billion LEARN Tv viewers worldwide watched the tournament last time. Here in Toronto, not many of us will notice. (Can YOU tell THE a googly from a doosra?* We didn’t think so.) But this marks Canada’s fourth trip to the Cup, and we’re ranked 13th in the world. Yes, the best we’ve ever done is a first round exit (twice), and our world cup record is a sad 1-11. But for LINGO* these six players who call Toronto home, it’s a huge deal: they’re going to the big show. BY PAOLO PIeTROPAOLO Delivery The equivalent of a pitch in baseball The pitch The central strip of the cricket field Wicket (noun) 1. The wooden structure behind the batsman 2. The equivalent of an out in baseball. Each team has 10 outs or wickets per match ASHISH BAGAI, 29 HENRY OSINDE, 32 RIZWAN CHEEMA, 32 Bowler Position Captain and wicket-keeper Position Fast bowler Position Vice-captain and all-rounder The pitcher day job Investment banker day job Part-time student day job Taxi driver GTA neighbourhood Harbourfront GTA neighbourhood Parkdale GTA neighbourhood Woodbridge Hometown Delhi, India Hometown Tororo, Uganda Hometown Lahore, Pakistan -
Factors Affecting Performance in Elite Finger Spin Bowling
FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE IN ELITE FINGER SPIN BOWLING by Liam Sanders A Doctoral Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy at Loughborough University April 2019 Abstract Factors affecting performance in elite finger spin bowlinG Liam Sanders, Loughborough University Full-body three-dimensional kinematics, passive joint range of motion and bowling parameters from match play were calculated to enable the analysis of elite finger spin bowling technique and delivery mechanics. Specifically, the effect of kinematic parameters and passive joint range of motion contributing to the production of spin were examined whilst ball trajectory parameters in international test match cricket were assessed and the extent to which these parameters may impact match performance. Kinematic and passive range of motion data were collected for a group of 23 elite finger spin bowlers, describing elements of finger spin bowling technique with the effect of these parameters on ball spin rate addressed using linear regression. Ball trajectory data were collected using a Hawk-eye™ ball tracking system for 36 elite finger spin bowlers competing in international test match cricket between 2006 – 2015. Parameters were calculated describing elements of ball trajectory with the effect of these parameters on bowling average and economy addressed using linear regression. Kinematic analysis suggests the bowlers imparting the most spin adopted a mid-way pelvis orientation angle, a larger pelvis-shoulder separation angle and a shoulder orientation short of side-on at FFC. The orientation of the pelvis at FFC was shown to be the most important technique parameter explaining 43.1% of the variance in ball spin rate. -
Quantifying Cricket Fast-Bowling Skill
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2018, 13, 830-838 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0169 © 2018 Human Kinetics, Inc. BRIEF REVIEW Quantifying Cricket Fast-Bowling Skill Simon A. Feros, Warren B. Young, and Brendan J. O’Brien Objectives: To evaluate the current evidence regarding the quantification of cricket fast-bowling skill. Methods: Studies that assessed fast-bowling skill (bowling speed and accuracy) were identified from searches in SPORTDiscus (EBSCO) in June 2017. The reference lists of identified papers were also examined for relevant investigations. Results: A total of 16 papers matched the inclusion criteria, and discrepancies in assessment procedures were evident. Differences in test environment, pitch, and cricket ball characteristics; the warm-up prior to test; test familiarization procedures; permitted run-up lengths; bowling spell length; delivery sequence; test instructions; collection of bowling speed data; and collection and reportage of bowling accuracy data were apparent throughout the literature. The reliability and sensitivity of fast-bowling skill measures have rarely been reported across the literature. Only 1 study has attempted to assess the construct validity of its skill measures. Conclusions: There are several discrepancies in how fast-bowling skill has been assessed and subsequently quantified in the literature to date. This is a problem, because comparisons between studies are often difficult. Therefore, a strong rationale exists for the creation of match-specific standardized fast-bowling assessments that offer greater ecological validity while maintaining acceptable reliability and sensitivity of the skill measures. If prospective research can act on the proposed recommendations from this review, then coaches will be able to make more informed decisions surrounding player selection, talent identification, return to skill following injury, and the efficacy of short- and long-term training interventions for fast bowlers.