Exploring the Cosmic Frontier Astrophysical Instruments for the 21St Century ABSTRACT BOOK
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Jodrell Bank Observatory
UK Tentative List of Potential Sites for World Heritage Nomination: Application form Please save the application to your computer, fill in and email to: [email protected] The application form should be completed using the boxes provided under each question, and, where possible, within the word limit indicated. Please read the Information Sheets before completing the application form. It is also essential to refer to the accompanying Guidance Note for help with each question, and to the relevant paragraphs of UNESCO’s Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention, (OG) available at: http://whc.unesco.org/en/guidelines Applicants should provide only the information requested at this stage. Further information may be sought in due course. (1) Name of Proposed World Heritage Site Jodrell Bank Observatory (2) Geographical Location Name of country/region United Kingdom Grid reference to centre of site SJ 798708 Please enclose a map preferably A4-size, a plan of the site, and 6 photographs, preferably electronically. page 1 (3) Type of Site Please indicate category: Natural Cultural Mixed Cultural Landscape (4) Description Please provide a brief description of the proposed site, including the physical characteristics. 200 words The Jodrell Bank Observatory, which is part of the University of Manchester’s School of Physics and Astronomy, is dominated by the monumental Lovell Telescope, the first large fully steerable radio telescope in the world - which still operates as the 3rd largest on the planet. The telescope, which is a Grade 1 listed structure, is 76m in diameter and stands 89m high. Despite its age (53 years in 2010), it is now more powerful than ever and remains at the forefront of Astrophysics research, working 24 hours a day, 365 days a year to observe distant galaxies and objects such as Pulsars and Quasars, far out across the Universe. -
High Resolution Radio Astronomy Using Very Long Baseline Interferometry
IOP PUBLISHING REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS Rep. Prog. Phys. 71 (2008) 066901 (32pp) doi:10.1088/0034-4885/71/6/066901 High resolution radio astronomy using very long baseline interferometry Enno Middelberg1 and Uwe Bach2 1 Astronomisches Institut, Universitat¨ Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany 2 Max-Planck-Institut fur¨ Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hugel¨ 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany E-mail: [email protected] and [email protected] Received 3 December 2007, in final form 11 March 2008 Published 2 May 2008 Online at stacks.iop.org/RoPP/71/066901 Abstract Very long baseline interferometry, or VLBI, is the observing technique yielding the highest-resolution images today. Whilst a traditionally large fraction of VLBI observations is concentrating on active galactic nuclei, the number of observations concerned with other astronomical objects such as stars and masers, and with astrometric applications, is significant. In the last decade, much progress has been made in all of these fields. We give a brief introduction to the technique of radio interferometry, focusing on the particularities of VLBI observations, and review recent results which would not have been possible without VLBI observations. This article was invited by Professor J Silk. Contents 1. Introduction 1 2.9. The future of VLBI: eVLBI, VLBI in space and 2. The theory of interferometry and aperture the SKA 10 synthesis 2 2.10. VLBI arrays around the world and their 2.1. Fundamentals 2 capabilities 10 2.2. Sources of error in VLBI observations 7 3. Astrophysical applications 11 2.3. The problem of phase calibration: 3.1. Active galactic nuclei and their jets 12 self-calibration 7 2.4. -
EARLY SCIENCE with the KOREAN VLBI NETWORK: the QCAL-1 43 Ghz CALIBRATOR SURVEY
The Astronomical Journal, 144:150 (6pp), 2012 November doi:10.1088/0004-6256/144/5/150 C 2012. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. EARLY SCIENCE WITH THE KOREAN VLBI NETWORK: THE QCAL-1 43 GHz CALIBRATOR SURVEY Leonid Petrov1, Sang-Sung Lee2, Jongsoo Kim2, Taehyun Jung2, Junghwan Oh2,3, Bong Won Sohn2,3, Do-Young Byun2,3, Moon-Hee Chung2, Do-Heung Je2, Seog-Oh Wi2, Min-Gyu Song2,JimanKang2, Seog-Tae Han2,3, Jung-Won Lee2, Bong Gyu Kim2,3, Hyunsoo Chung2, and Hyun-Goo Kim2 1 Astrogeo Center, Falls Church, VA 22043, USA 2 Korean VLBI Network, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, 776, Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-348, Republic of Korea; [email protected] 3 Yonsei University Observatory, Yonsei University, Seongsan-ro 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea Received 2012 July 24; accepted 2012 September 4; published 2012 October 18 ABSTRACT This paper presents the catalog of correlated flux densities in three ranges of baseline projection lengths of 637 sources from a 43 GHz (Q band) survey observed with the Korean VLBI Network. Of them, 14 objects used as calibrators were previously observed, but 623 sources have not been observed before in the Q band with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). The goal of this work in the early science phase of the new VLBI array is twofold: to evaluate the performance of the new instrument that operates in a frequency range of 22–129 GHz and to build a list of objects that can be used as targets and as calibrators. -
Jodrell Bank Discovery Centre Classroom Materials for Schools
Jodrell Bank Discovery Centre Classroom Materials for schools GCSE/BTEC: Inflatable Planetarium Links to resources The resources below are suggested activities your class could complete before or after this workshop. Please note these are recommended activities; it is not compulsory that students complete them. Some of the resources require access to ICT. The University of Manchester cannot be held responsible for the content of external sites. 1. Institute of Physics: Life Cycle of Stars https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PM9CQDlQI0A Explains how we believe stars are born, live and die and the different ends to different sized stars. Features Professor Tim O’Brien; Associate Director of the Jodrell Bank Observatory. 2. Institute of Physics: How big is the Universe? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_xZuopg4Sk Explains how astronomers have learnt to measure the distance to the stars. How many stars are in the observable universe and is it possible to comprehend the size of it all? 3. Institute of Physics: The Expanding Universe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jms_vklUeHA The expansion of the universe, the big bang and dark matter. Astronomers talk us through what we know and don't know about the universe. 4. Institute of Physics: Classroom demonstration: Colour and temperature of stars http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZve8FQhLOI Using a variable resistor and a light bulb, it is possible to demonstrate how the colour of a star is related to its temperature. 5. Institute of Physics: Classroom demonstration: H-R diagram https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bL3tt-fJC1k How to illustrate the life cycle of stars using a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, a large sheet, and some students. -
A Relativistic Helical Jet in the Gamma-Ray AGN 1156+
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscriptno.ms3548-hong-final November20,2018 (DOI: will be inserted by hand later) A relativistic helical jet in the γ-ray AGN 1156+295 X. Y. Hong1,2, D. R. Jiang1,2, L. I. Gurvits3, M. A. Garrett3, S. T. Garrington4, R. T. Schilizzi5,6, R. D. Nan2, H. Hirabayashi7, W. H. Wang1,2, and G. D. Nicolson8 1 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China 2 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China 3 Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands 4 Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11–9DL, UK 5 ASTRON, Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands 6 Leiden Observatory, PO Box 9513, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands 7 Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan 8 Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory, Krugersdorp 1740, South Africa Received 31 January 2003/ accepted 19 November 2003 Abstract. We present the results of a number of high resolution radio observations of the AGN 1156+295. These include multi-epoch and multi-frequency VLBI, VSOP, MERLIN and VLA observations made over a period of ′′ ◦ 50 months. The 5 GHz MERLIN images trace a straight jet extending to ∼ 2 at P.A. ∼ −18 . Extended low brightness emission was detected in the MERLIN observation at 1.6 GHz and the VLA observation at 8.5 GHz ◦ with a bend of ∼ 90 at the end of the 2 arcsecond jet. A region of similar diffuse emission is also seen about 2 arcseconds south of the radio core. -
Cosmic Times Teachers' Guide Table of Contents
Cosmic Times Teachers’ Guide Table of Contents Cosmic Times Teachers’ Guide ....................................................................................... 1 1919 Cosmic Times ........................................................................................................... 3 Summary of the 1919 Articles...................................................................................................4 Sun’s Gravity Bends Starlight .................................................................................................4 Sidebar: Why a Total Eclipse?.................................................................................................4 Mount Wilson Astronomer Estimates Milky Way Ten Times Bigger Than Thought ............4 Expanding or Contracting? ......................................................................................................4 In Their Own Words................................................................................................................4 Notes on the 1919 Articles .........................................................................................................5 Sun's Gravity Bends Starlight..................................................................................................5 Sidebar: Why a Total Eclipse?.................................................................................................7 Mount Wilson Astronomer Estimates Milky Way Ten Times Bigger Than Thought ............7 Expanding or Contracting? ......................................................................................................8 -
The European Vlbi Network: a Sensitive and State-Of- The-Art Instrument for High-Resolution Science
THE EUROPEAN VLBI NETWORK: A SENSITIVE AND STATE-OF- THE-ART INSTRUMENT FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION SCIENCE P. CHARLOT Observatoire de Bordeaux (OASU) – CNRS/UMR 5804 BP 89, 33270 Floirac, France e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. The European VLBI Network (EVN) is an array of 18 radio telescopes located throughout Europe and beyond that carry out synchronized very-long-baseline-interferometric (VLBI) observations of radio-emitting sources. The data are processed at a central facility located at the Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE) in the Netherlands. The EVN is freely open to any scientist in the world based on peer-reviewed proposals. This paper outlines the current capabilities of the EVN and procedures for observing, highlights some recent results that have been obtained, and puts emphasis on the future development of the array. 1. INTRODUCTION The European VLBI Network (EVN)1 was formed in 1980 by a consortium of five of the major radio astronomy institutes in Europe (the European Consortium for VLBI). Since then, the EVN and the Consortium has grown to include 12 institutes in Spain, UK, the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, Italy, Finland, Poland and China (Table 1). In addition, the Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory in South Africa and the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico are active Associate Members of the EVN. The EVN members operate 18 individual antennae, which include some of the world’s largest and most sensitive telescopes (Fig. 1). Together, these telescopes form a large scale facility, a continent-wide radio interferometer with baselines ranging from 200 km to 9000 km. -
ASTRONET ERTRC Report
Radio Astronomy in Europe: Up to, and beyond, 2025 A report by ASTRONET’s European Radio Telescope Review Committee ! 1!! ! ! ! ERTRC report: Final version – June 2015 ! ! ! ! ! ! 2!! ! ! ! Table of Contents List%of%figures%...................................................................................................................................................%7! List%of%tables%....................................................................................................................................................%8! Chapter%1:%Executive%Summary%...............................................................................................................%10! Chapter%2:%Introduction%.............................................................................................................................%13! 2.1%–%Background%and%method%............................................................................................................%13! 2.2%–%New%horizons%in%radio%astronomy%...........................................................................................%13! 2.3%–%Approach%and%mode%of%operation%...........................................................................................%14! 2.4%–%Organization%of%this%report%........................................................................................................%15! Chapter%3:%Review%of%major%European%radio%telescopes%................................................................%16! 3.1%–%Introduction%...................................................................................................................................%16! -
ATNF Science Priorities
ATNF Science Priorities Australia Telescope National Facility ATNF Science in 2010-2015: Part 1 – Overview Lewis Ball & Naomi McClure-Griffiths Robert Braun, Philip Edwards, Ilana Feain, George Hobbs, Simon Johnston Version 1.0: 8 August 2008 Context and purpose of this document Over the period 2010-2015 the ATNF needs to deliver ASKAP, a $100M new facility, restructure its operation to accommodate the new facility, maintain the world-class scientific productivity of its telescopes that are used by astronomers from around the world, and continue to implement Australia’s strategy of maximising Australian involvement in the SKA. This document comprises five parts, an overview of the expected scientific priorities that will be addressed by the full complement of ATNF telescopes and instrumentation, and four attempts to detail the science expected to be the priority for users of specific telescopes. It is important that the documents are treated as a set as they have been prepared as such and no one part is expected to stand alone. The priorities outlined in this document have been identified through a process of extensive user consultation. They draw on, for example, the millimetre white paper, the Science with Parkes forum on 5 November 2007, the Compact Array Science day in June 2008, and the extensive ASKAP science case. Ongoing feedback on the document and the priorities identified here are welcomed. This document is intended to be a part of the Future ATNF Operations plan. A preliminary version of that plan was written for the Australia Telescope Steering Committee in December 2007 and provided publicly soon after. -
European VLBI Network Newsle`Er
European VLBI Network NewsleGer Number 48 ! September 2017 Contents Message from the Chairman of the EVN Board of Directors ................................................................ 2 Call for EVN proposals ........................................................................................................................... 3 EVN science highlights .......................................................................................................................... 4 Probing the innermost regions of AGN jets and their magneWc fields with RadioAstron II. ObservaWons of 3C 273 at minimum acWvity ................................................................................ 4 Is there a hidden AGN in NGC1614? ................................................................................................ 5 News from JUMPING JIVE .................................................................................................................... 7 EVN/JIVE Technical Developments ........................................................................................................ 8 Ghana and South Africa celebrate first success of African network of telescopes ........................... 8 BRoad bAND EVN .............................................................................................................................. 9 Successful combined use of linear and circular polarizers in the eEVN. ......................................... 10 Reports from MeeWngs ..................................................................................................................... -
Bernard Lovell (1913-2012) Physicist and Radar Pioneer Who Created the Famous Jodrell Bank Radio Telescope
COMMENT OBITUARY Bernard Lovell (1913-2012) Physicist and radar pioneer who created the famous Jodrell Bank radio telescope. ith vision, inspiration and deter- a small team built a parabolic reflector in the Western world. Suddenly everyone mination, Bernard Lovell created 66 metres in diameter, made of wires stretched realized the telescope’s importance. Lord the Jodrell Bank Observatory in between scaffold poles. Robert Hanbury Nuffield paid off the debt, half personally WCheshire, UK, and the great radio telescope Brown used this dish to discover radio waves and half from the Nuffield Foundation, and there that bears his name. Through his lead- from the Andromeda galaxy. It was the start serious astronomy could begin. ership, generations of astronomers developed of astronomy at Jodrell Bank. That dish was The telescope fulfilled Lovell’s vision of the tools of radio astronomy that have revo- fixed and could only stare upwards. Lovell’s opening a new window on the Universe. It lutionized astrophysics and cosmology. had illustrious roles in early space explo- Lovell was born in Oldland Common ration, in the discovery of quasars and the near Bristol, UK, and educated at the local first gravitational lens, and in the discov- Kingswood Grammar School. He was ery and study of pulsars, or neutron stars, PHOTOSHOT PHOTOSHOT attracted to science through a lecture by which have provided the most precise physicist Arthur Tyndall. He joined Tyn- tests of Einstein’s general theory of rela- dall as a research student at the University tivity. After 55 years and two major refur- of Bristol, where his meticulous work on bishments, the telescope is still working at the resistance of thin metallic films earned the frontiers of knowledge. -
Executive Summary Executive Summary 13 372000 376000 380000 384000 388000 ´ 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 7 7 3 3
0 379400 379600 379800 380000 0 0 0 4 4 1 1 7 535 7 3 A 3 Car Park Granada Arboretum ´ Executive Discovery Centre 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 7 7 Summary 3 3 Lovell Telescope State Party A4 or A3 size map(s) of world. Constructed between 1952 the nominated property, and 1957, its first act was to track the United Kingdom carrier rocket for Sputnik 1, the first 0 0 0 0 0 0 showing boundaries and 1 1 satellite ever launched into orbit and 7 7 State, Province or Region buffer zone (if present) humanity’s first step into space. The 3 3 Telescope was the largest of its kind England (Cheshire East administrative See maps enclosed in dossier. in the world for 15 years and inspired Square Kilometre authority) Array Headquarters the construction of many other Criteria under which instruments worldwide. Name of Property property is nominated The property encompasses a number Jodrell Bank Observatory (itemize criteria) of other radio telescopes, including Geographical Coordinates (i), (ii), (iv), (vi) the Mark II Telescope, and functional Bridge Farm 0 0 buildings on a 17.38-hectare site. Many 0 0 8 8 to the nearest second 0 0 Draft Statement of of these are original structures and 7 7 3 3 instruments, while remnants of earlier N 53° 14’ 05” W 2° 18’ 18” Outstanding Universal Value structures also persist, some of them Textual description of the a. Brief Synthesis below ground. boundary of the nominated Jodrell Bank Observatory is the earliest The character of the Observatory has property radio astronomy observatory in the been determined by the evolution of world that is still in existence.