The 1846 Applegate Trail—Southern Route to Oregon ‘

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

The 1846 Applegate Trail—Southern Route to Oregon ‘

Emigrant Lake County Park California National Historic Trail Hugo Neighborhood Association and Historical Society Jackson County Parks National Park Service The 1846 Applegate Trail—Southern Route to Oregon ‘ The perilous last leg of the Oregon Trail down the “Father and Uncle Jesse, seeing their children drowning, were seized with Columbia River rapids took lives, including the sons frenzy, and dropping their oars, sprang from their seats and were about to make a desperate attempt to swim to them. But Mother and Aunt Cynthia of Jesse and Lindsay Applegate in 1843. The Applegate cried out, ‘Men, don't quit your oars! If you do, we'll all be lost!’” brothers along with others vowed to look for an all- -Lindsay Applegate’s son Jesse land route into Oregon from Idaho for future settlers. “Our hearts are broken. As soon as our families are settled and time can be spared we must look for another way that avoids the river.” -Lindsay Applegate In 1846 Jesse and Lindsay Applegate and 13 others from near Dallas, Oregon, headed south following old trapper trails into a remote region of Oregon Country. An Umpqua Indian showed them a foot trail that crossed the Calapooya Mountains, then on to Umpqua Valley, Canyon Creek, and the Rogue Valley. They next turned east and went over the Cascade Mountains to the Klamath Basin. The party devised pathways through canyons and mountain passes, connecting the trail south from the Willamette Valley with the existing California Trail to Fort Hall, Idaho. In August 1846, the first emigrants to trek the new southern road left Fort Hall. With Levi Scott acting as guide, Jesse Applegate and others traveled ahead to mark the route. The trailblazers opened a wagon road through nearly 500 miles of wilderness, arriving in the upper Willamette Valley in November. The Applegate Trail, part of the California National Historic Trail, contributed significantly to settlement of southern Oregon and remains a tribute to the 15 hardy explorers and brave settlers who traversed it in 1846. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Oregon Historic Trails Report Book (1998)
i ,' o () (\ ô OnBcox HrsroRrc Tnans Rpponr ô o o o. o o o o (--) -,J arJ-- ö o {" , ã. |¡ t I o t o I I r- L L L L L (- Presented by the Oregon Trails Coordinating Council L , May,I998 U (- Compiled by Karen Bassett, Jim Renner, and Joyce White. Copyright @ 1998 Oregon Trails Coordinating Council Salem, Oregon All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Oregon Historic Trails Report Table of Contents Executive summary 1 Project history 3 Introduction to Oregon's Historic Trails 7 Oregon's National Historic Trails 11 Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail I3 Oregon National Historic Trail. 27 Applegate National Historic Trail .41 Nez Perce National Historic Trail .63 Oregon's Historic Trails 75 Klamath Trail, 19th Century 17 Jedediah Smith Route, 1828 81 Nathaniel Wyeth Route, t83211834 99 Benjamin Bonneville Route, 1 833/1 834 .. 115 Ewing Young Route, 1834/1837 .. t29 V/hitman Mission Route, 184l-1847 . .. t4t Upper Columbia River Route, 1841-1851 .. 167 John Fremont Route, 1843 .. 183 Meek Cutoff, 1845 .. 199 Cutoff to the Barlow Road, 1848-1884 217 Free Emigrant Road, 1853 225 Santiam Wagon Road, 1865-1939 233 General recommendations . 241 Product development guidelines 243 Acknowledgements 241 Lewis & Clark OREGON National Historic Trail, 1804-1806 I I t . .....¡.. ,r la RivaÌ ï L (t ¡ ...--."f Pðiräldton r,i " 'f Route description I (_-- tt |".
[Show full text]
1 Nevada Areas of Heavy Use December 14, 2013 Trish Swain
Nevada Areas of Heavy Use December 14, 2013 Trish Swain, Co-Ordinator TrailSafe Nevada 1285 Baring Blvd. Sparks, NV 89434 [email protected] Nev. Dept. of Cons. & Natural Resources | NV.gov | Governor Brian Sandoval | Nev. Maps NEVADA STATE PARKS http://parks.nv.gov/parks/parks-by-name/ Beaver Dam State Park Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park Big Bend of the Colorado State Recreation Area Cathedral Gorge State Park Cave Lake State Park Dayton State Park Echo Canyon State Park Elgin Schoolhouse State Historic Site Fort Churchill State Historic Park Kershaw-Ryan State Park Lahontan State Recreation Area Lake Tahoe Nevada State Park Sand Harbor Spooner Backcountry Cave Rock Mormon Station State Historic Park Old Las Vegas Mormon Fort State Historic Park Rye Patch State Recreation Area South Fork State Recreation Area Spring Mountain Ranch State Park Spring Valley State Park Valley of Fire State Park Ward Charcoal Ovens State Historic Park Washoe Lake State Park Wild Horse State Recreation Area A SOURCE OF INFORMATION http://www.nvtrailmaps.com/ Great Basin Institute 16750 Mt. Rose Hwy. Reno, NV 89511 Phone: 775.674.5475 Fax: 775.674.5499 NEVADA TRAILS Top Searched Trails: Jumbo Grade Logandale Trails Hunter Lake Trail Whites Canyon route Prison Hill 1 TOURISM AND TRAVEL GUIDES – ALL ONLINE http://travelnevada.com/travel-guides/ For instance: Rides, Scenic Byways, Indian Territory, skiing, museums, Highway 50, Silver Trails, Lake Tahoe, Carson Valley, Eastern Nevada, Southern Nevada, Southeast95 Adventure, I 80 and I50 NEVADA SCENIC BYWAYS Lake
[Show full text]
From Yokuts to Tule River Indians: Re-Creation of the Tribal Identity On
From Yokuts to Tule River Indians: Re-creation of the Tribal Identity on the Tule River Indian Reservation in California from Euroamerican Contact to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 By Kumiko Noguchi B.A. (University of the Sacred Heart) 2000 M.A. (Rikkyo University) 2003 Dissertation Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Native American Studies in the Office of Graduate Studies of the University of California Davis Approved Steven J. Crum Edward Valandra Jack D. Forbes Committee in Charge 2009 i UMI Number: 3385709 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3385709 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Kumiko Noguchi September, 2009 Native American Studies From Yokuts to Tule River Indians: Re-creation of the Tribal Identity on the Tule River Indian Reservation in California from Euroamerican contact to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 Abstract The main purpose of this study is to show the path of tribal development on the Tule River Reservation from 1776 to 1936. It ends with the year of 1936 when the Tule River Reservation reorganized its tribal government pursuant to the Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of 1934.
[Show full text]
The Perilous Last Leg of the Oregon Trail Down the Columbia River
Emigrant Lake County Park California National Historic Trail Hugo Neighborhood Association and Historical Society Jackson County Parks National Park Service The 1846 Applegate Trail—Southern Route to Oregon The perilous last leg of the Oregon Trail down the “Father and Uncle Jesse, seeing their children drowning, were seized with ‘ Columbia River rapids took lives, including the sons frenzy, and dropping their oars, sprang from their seats and were about to make a desperate attempt to swim to them. But Mother and Aunt Cynthia of Jesse and Lindsay Applegate in 1843. The Applegate cried out, ‘Men, don't quit your oars! If you do, we'll all be lost!’” brothers along with others vowed to look for an all- -Lindsay Applegate’s son Jesse land route into Oregon from Idaho for future settlers. “Our hearts are broken. As soon as our families are settled and time can be spared we must look for another way that avoids the river.” -Lindsay Applegate In 1846 Jesse and Lindsay Applegate and 13 others from near Dallas, Oregon, headed south following old trapper trails into a remote region of Oregon Country. An Umpqua Indian showed them a foot trail that crossed the Calapooya Mountains, then on to Umpqua Valley, Canyon Creek, and the Rogue Valley. They next turned east and went over the Cascade Mountains to the Klamath Basin. The party devised pathways through canyons and mountain passes, connecting the trail south from the Willamette Valley with the existing California Trail to Fort Hall, Idaho. In August 1846, the first emigrants to trek the new southern road left Fort Hall.
[Show full text]
Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1-1-2011 The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861 Cessna R. Smith Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Smith, Cessna R., "The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861" (2011). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 258. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.258 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861 by Cessna R. Smith A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Thesis Committee: William L. Lang, Chair David A. Horowitz David A. Johnson Barbara A. Brower Portland State University ©2011 ABSTRACT This thesis examines how the pursuit of commercial gain affected the development of agriculture in western Oregon’s Willamette, Umpqua, and Rogue River Valleys. The period of study begins when the British owned Hudson’s Bay Company began to farm land in and around Fort Vancouver in 1825, and ends in 1861—during the time when agrarian settlement was beginning to expand east of the Cascade Mountains. Given that agriculture
[Show full text]
Link to Magazine Issue
----.. \\U\.1, fTI!J. Shakespeare and the New Deal by Joe Peterson ver wonder what towns all over Band, William Jennings America would have missed if it Bryan, and Billy Sunday Ehadn't been for the "make work'' was soon reduced to a projects of the New Deal? Everything from walled shell. art and research to highways, dams, parks, While some town and nature trails were a product of the boosters saw the The caved-in roofof the Chautauqua building led to the massive government effort during the decapitated building as a domes' removal, andprompted Angus Bowmer to see 1930s to get Americans back to work. In promising site for a sports possibilities in the resulting space for an Elizabethan stage. Southern Oregon, add to the list the stadium, college professor Oregon Shakespeare Festival, which got its Angus Bowmer and start sixty-five years ago this past July. friends had a different vision. They "giveth and taketh away," for Shakespeare While the festival's history is well known, noticed a peculiar similarity to England's play revenues ended up covering the Globe Theatre, and quickly latched on to boxing-match losses! the idea of doing Shakespeare's plays inside A week later the Ashland Daily Tidings the now roofless Chautauqua walls. reported the results: "The Shakespearean An Elizabethan stage would be needed Festival earned $271, more than any other for the proposed "First Annual local attraction, the fights only netting Shakespearean Festival," and once again $194.40 and costing $206.81."4 unemployed Ashland men would be put to By the time of the second annual work by a New Deal program, this time Shakespeare Festival, Bowmer had cut it building the stage for the city under the loose from the city's Fourth ofJuly auspices of the WPA.2 Ten men originally celebration.
[Show full text]
1 Applegate Emigrants to Oregon in 1843
http://www.oregonpioneers.com/1843.htm 1 Applegate Emigrants to Oregon In 1843 Albert APPLEGATE was actually born in the Oregon Territory December 6, 1843 at the abandoned Willamette Mission where his parents, Charles Applegate and Melinda Miller, wintered. While not enumerated as an emigrant of that year he can certainly be considered a pioneer of that time period. Albert married January 17, 1869 at Drain, Douglas County, Oregon to Nancy Johnson. His adult years were spent in the Douglas Co area. It was here that he raised his family: Mercy D. (1870), Nellie M. (1871), Jesse Grant (1873), Fred (1875) and Lulu (1878). Albert died March 18, 1888. After his death his wife, Nancy Johnson Applegate, married James Shelley and was residing at Eugene, Lane County, Oregon in the 1900 census. Alexander McClelland APPLEGATE was born Mar 11, 1838 in St. Clair County, Missouri, the son of Jesse Applegate and Cynthia Parker. He was five years old at the time the Applegates crossed the plains to Oregon in 1843. With his family he settled in Polk County in 1844 and in 1850 was living in Benton County. By 1860 the family had moved to Yoncalla, Douglas County, OR. Shortly after arriving, Alex went to the Idaho gold fields with Henry Lane, son of the famous Joseph Lane, who lived in nearby Roseburg. He and Henry and Alex's cousin John Applegate enjoyed playing the fiddle together. They often played at dances as "The Fiddlers Three." Henry Lane had been a suitor of Alex’s cousin, Harriet. When the young men received the news in Idaho of the death of Harriet Applegate, Alex wrote home: "Your dream that some of us who parted last spring would no longer meet again in this life has been fulfilled.
[Show full text]
Jesse Applegate (1811-1888) 1
Jesse Applegate (1811-1888) 1 http://sos.oregon.gov/archives/exhibits/constitution/Pages/during-about-applegate.aspx Biographical Sketch of Jesse Applegate Born 1811, Died 1888 , Umpqua County delegate Jesse Applegate was born on July 5, 1811, in Henry County, Kentucky. He moved to and was schooled in St. Louis, Missouri, where he learned surveying. In 1831 he married and took up a land claim in St. Clair County, Missouri and farmed, surveyed and kept a country store. In 1843, Jesse along with his wife and many children and accompanied by two brothers and their families moved to Oregon. He served as member of the legislative committee of the provisional government in 1845. In 1846 he was involved in establishing an important southern route to Oregon, which was later known as the Applegate Trail. He represented Umpqua County at the constitutional convention but withdrew when a resolution he proposed prohibiting the discussion of slavery was not adopted. “I have no doubt there is honesty and talent enough in this body to frame a constitution that will be approved by the people of Oregon without my assistance.” He served for a number of years both as justice of the peace and as postmaster of Yoncalla. In 1856, he acted as a guide for Major Kearney in a campaign against the Rogue River Indians. He died on April 22, 1888. Applegate settled on a land claim in the Umpqua Valley in 1849 in a place he called Yoncalla after the local Indian tribe. There he farmed and raised cattle. A student and writer, Applegate maintained a large library in his house.
[Show full text]
The California Gold Rush
SECTION 4 The California Gold Rush What You Will Learn… If YOU were there... Main Ideas You are a low-paid bank clerk in New England in early 1849. Local 1. The discovery of gold newspaper headlines are shouting exciting news: “Gold Is Discovered brought settlers to California. 2. The gold rush had a lasting in California! Thousands Are on Their Way West.” You enjoy hav- impact on California’s popula- ing a steady job. However, some of your friends are planning to tion and economy. go West, and you are being inﬂ uenced by their excitement. Your friends are even buying pickaxes and other mining equipment. The Big Idea They urge you to go West with them. The California gold rush changed the future of the West. Would you go west to seek your fortune in California? Why? Key Terms and People John Sutter, p. 327 Donner party, p. 327 BUILDING BACKGROUND At the end of the Mexican-American forty-niners, p. 327 War, the United States gained control of Mexican territories in the West, prospect, p. 328 including all of the present-day state of California. American settle- placer miners, p. 328 ments in California increased slowly at first. Then, the discovery of gold brought quick population growth and an economic boom. Discovery of Gold Brings Settlers In the 1830s and 1840s, Americans who wanted to move to Califor- nia started up the Oregon Trail. At the Snake River in present-day Idaho, the trail split. People bound for California took the southern HSS 8.8.3 Describe the role of pio- route, which became known as the California Trail.
[Show full text]
California National Historic Trail City of Rocks National Reserve
California National Historic Trail City of Rocks National Reserve A self-guided journey to discovering the California National Historic Trail at City of Rocks City of Rocks National Reserve is a partnership between the National Park Service and the Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation California National Historic Trail City of Rocks National Reserve A self-guided journey to discovering A self-guided journey to discovering the California National Historic Trail at City of Rocks Prepared by Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation and the National Park Service City of Rocks National Reserve PO Box 169 Almo, Idaho 83312 http://parksandrecreation.idaho.gov www.nps.gov/ciro 2015 Contents What’s in store before you explore? There are eight stops, six of which have interpretive signage, along the 10 mile auto route. Introduction 3 Map—Overview 4 Parting of the Ways to the Elba Basin 5 The Almo Valley 6 Twin Sisters in the Distance 7 The Salt Lake Alternate 8 Replica Wagons 9 Wagon Trains 10 Camp 11 Guide Books 12 Trails West Markers 12 Entrance to City of Rocks 13 Trail Ruts 14 First View of Circle Creek Basin 15 Tracy Homestead 16 Camp Rock 17 Treasure Rock 20 Map— Locations of the Waysides and Markers 21 Artists on the Trail 23 Register Rock 24 Pinnacle Pass 27 Ledyard and Margaret Ann Alsip Frink 29 Twin Sisters 30 Salt Lake Alternate-Boise Kelton Stage Route 32 Post Office 33 Granite Pass 34 The Mormon Battalion 35 Life on the Trail 36 Emigrant and Native American Interactions 38 Trouble on the Trail 39 Emigrant Names 40 For Further Study / Credits 41 Bibliography 42 2 Introduction City of Rocks National Reserve (Reserve) was established by Congress on November 18, 1988 in order to preserve and protect the significant historical and cultural resources; to manage recreational use; to protect and maintain scenic quality; and to interpret the nationally significant values of the Reserve.
[Show full text]
California Trail
California Trail THE FORTY-NINERS A CHRONICLE OF THE CALIFORNIA TRAIL AND EL DORADO BY STEWART EDWARD WHITE 1918 CONTENTS I. SPANISH DAYS II. THE AMERICAN OCCUPATION III. LAW--MILITARY AND CIVIL IV. GOLD V. ACROSS THE PLAINS VI. THE MORMONS VII. THE WAY BY PANAMA VIII. THE DIGGINGS IX. THE URBAN FORTY-NINER X. ORDEAL BY FIRE XI. THE VIGILANTES OF '51 XII. SAN FRANCISCO IN TRANSITION XIII. THE STORM GATHERS XIV. THE STORM BREAKS XV. THE VIGILANTES OF '56 XVI. THE TRIUMPH OF THE VIGILANTES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE INDEX THE FORTY-NINERS CHAPTER I Page 1 California Trail SPANISH DAYS The dominant people of California have been successively aborigines, _conquistadores_, monks, the dreamy, romantic, unenergetic peoples of Spain, the roaring melange of Forty-nine, and finally the modern citizens, who are so distinctive that they bid fair to become a subspecies of their own. This modern society has, in its evolution, something unique. To be sure, other countries also have passed through these same phases. But while the processes have consumed a leisurely five hundred years or so elsewhere, here they have been subjected to forced growth. The tourist traveler is inclined to look upon the crumbling yet beautiful remains of the old missions, those venerable relics in a bustling modern land, as he looks upon the enduring remains of old Rome. Yet there are today many unconsidered New England farmhouses older than the oldest western mission, and there are men now living who witnessed the passing of Spanish California. Though the existence of California had been known for centuries, and the dates of her first visitors are many hundreds of years old, nevertheless Spain attempted no actual occupation until she was forced to it by political necessity.
[Show full text]
From the Editors Trail Turtles Head North
Newsletter of the Southwest Chapter of the Oregon-California Trails Association January, 2005 From the Editors Trail Turtles Head North In this newsletter we give the The SWOCTA Trail Turtles report of the SWOCTA Trail Turtles‟ played hooky from the southern trails Fall 2004 trip on the Applegate Trail. this fall. Don Buck and Dave Hollecker The Turtles made extensive use of the offered to guide the Turtles over the recently published Applegate Trail Applegate Trail from Lassen Meadows Guide (see the advertisement on the back to Goose Lake. In a way, it could be said cover of this issue). The Turtles felt that we were still on a southern trail, as “appreciation for those who … have the Applegate Trail was also known as spent long hours researching and finding the Southern Trail to Oregon when it … this trail that [has] been waiting to first opened. again be part of the … historical record.” After learning of the ruggedness We hope that the Turtles‟ ongoing of the trip, and with the knowledge there efforts to map the southwestern emigrant would be no gas, food or ice for 300 trails also will lead to a guidebook, for miles, everyone loaded up appropriately. which future users will feel a similar The number of vehicles was limited to appreciation. eight to facilitate time constraints and We (the “Trail Tourists”) also lack of space in some parking and include a record of our recent trip to camping areas. Fourteen people explore the Crook Wagon Road. attended. Unfortunately, we received our copy of the new guidebook, General Crook Road in Arizona Territory, by Duane Hinshaw, only after our trip.
[Show full text]