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Heterotrophic ¯ Agellates (Protista) from Marine Sediments of Botany Bay, Australia
Journal of Natural History, 2000, 34, 483± 562 Heterotrophic ¯ agellates (Protista) from marine sediments of Botany Bay, Australia WON JE LEE and DAVID J. PATTERSON School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; e-mail: [email protected] (Accepted 19 April 1999) Heterotrophic¯ agellates (protozoa) occurring in the marine sediments at Botany Bay, Australia are reported. Among the 87 species from 43 genera encountered in this survey are 13 new taxa: Cercomonas granulatus n. sp., Clautriavia cavus n. sp., Heteronema larseni n. sp., Notosolenus adamas n. sp., Notosolenus brothernis n. sp., Notosolenus hemicircularis n. sp., Notosolenus lashue n. sp., Notosolenus pyriforme n. sp., Petalomonas intortus n. sp., Petalomonas iugosus n. sp., Petalomonas labrum n. sp., Petalomonas planus n. sp. and Petalomonas virgatus n. sp.; and seven new combinations, Carpediemonas bialata n. comb., Dinema platysomum n. comb., Petalomonas calycimonoides nom. nov., Petalomonas chris- teni nom. nov., Petalomonas physaloides n. comb., Petalomonas quinquecarinata n. comb. and Petalomonas spinifera n. comb. Most ¯ agellates described here appear to be cosmopolitan.We are unable to assess if the new species are endemic because of the lack of intensive studies elsewhere. Keywords: Biogeography, endemic biota, heterotrophic ¯ agellates, taxonomy, protists. Introduction Marine heterotrophic protists are predators on bacteria and small phytoplankton, are prey for larger zooplankton, and facilitate remineralization and recycling of elements essential for phytoplankton and microbial growth (Azam et al., 1983; Porter et al., 1985; Sherr and Sherr, 1988; JuÈ rgens and GuÈ de, 1990; Kirchman, 1994; Pace and Vaque , 1994). Consequently, the role of heterotrophic protists in planktonic microbial food webs of marine environments has received increasing attention. -
Biovolumes and Size-Classes of Phytoplankton in the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No.106 Biovolumes and Size-Classes of Phytoplankton in the Baltic Sea Helsinki Commission Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No. 106 Biovolumes and size-classes of phytoplankton in the Baltic Sea Helsinki Commission Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission Authors: Irina Olenina, Centre of Marine Research, Taikos str 26, LT-91149, Klaipeda, Lithuania Susanna Hajdu, Dept. of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden Lars Edler, SMHI, Ocean. Services, Nya Varvet 31, SE-426 71 V. Frölunda, Sweden Agneta Andersson, Dept of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden, Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Umeå University, SE-910 20 Hörnefors, Sweden Norbert Wasmund, Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestr. 15, D-18119 Warnemünde, Germany Susanne Busch, Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestr. 15, D-18119 Warnemünde, Germany Jeanette Göbel, Environmental Protection Agency (LANU), Hamburger Chaussee 25, D-24220 Flintbek, Germany Slawomira Gromisz, Sea Fisheries Institute, Kollataja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland Siv Huseby, Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Umeå University, SE-910 20 Hörnefors, Sweden Maija Huttunen, Finnish Institute of Marine Research, Lyypekinkuja 3A, P.O. Box 33, FIN-00931 Helsinki, Finland Andres Jaanus, Estonian Marine Institute, Mäealuse 10 a, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia Pirkko Kokkonen, Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland Iveta Ledaine, Inst. of Aquatic Ecology, Marine Monitoring Center, University of Latvia, Daugavgrivas str. 8, Latvia Elzbieta Niemkiewicz, Maritime Institute in Gdansk, Laboratory of Ecology, Dlugi Targ 41/42, 80-830, Gdansk, Poland All photographs by Finnish Institute of Marine Research (FIMR) Cover photo: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae For bibliographic purposes this document should be cited to as: Olenina, I., Hajdu, S., Edler, L., Andersson, A., Wasmund, N., Busch, S., Göbel, J., Gromisz, S., Huseby, S., Huttunen, M., Jaanus, A., Kokkonen, P., Ledaine, I. -
Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture
Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture 著者 西村 祐貴 内容記述 この博士論文は内容の要約のみの公開(または一部 非公開)になっています year 2016 その他のタイトル プロティストミトコンドリアの多様性と進化:イン トロン、遺伝子組成、ゲノム構造 学位授与大学 筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba) 学位授与年度 2015 報告番号 12102甲第7737号 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2241/00144261 Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Tsukuba in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Science (Doctral Program in Biologial Sciences) Yuki NISHIMURA Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 1 Genes encoded in mitochondrial genomes of eukaryotes ..................................................... 3 Terminology .......................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 1. General introduction ................................................................................ 5 The origin and evolution of mitochondria ............................................................................ 5 Mobile introns in mitochondrial genome .............................................................................. 6 The organisms which are lacking in mitochondrial genome data ........................................ 8 Chapter 2. Lateral transfers of mobile introns -
Protist Diversity Along a Salinity Gradient in a Coastal Lagoon
Vol. 74: 263–277, 2015 AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY Published online March 25 doi: 10.3354/ame01740 Aquat Microb Ecol Protist diversity along a salinity gradient in a coastal lagoon Sergio Balzano1,2,*, Elsa Abs1, Sophie C. Leterme1 1School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia 2Present address: Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790AB Den Burg, The Netherlands ABSTRACT: The importance of microbial eukaryotes to aquatic systems has been widely acknowledged in the last decade, and the application of high-throughput sequencing techniques has revealed an astonishing diversity and high proportions of novel taxa. Most studies have focused either on marine or freshwater ecosystems; thus, information on estuarine communities is either incomplete or missing. We assessed the composition of microbial eukaryotes along a South Australian coastal lagoon affected by a broad (7 to 65 PSU) salinity gradient, the Coorong Lagoon. This lagoon extends for over 170 km from the mouth of the River Murray (Murray Mouth) south- wards, where the salinity increases up to hypersaline values. We sampled 5 stations during the austral summer and winter and sequenced the amplified V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene using Ion Torrent. Genetic libraries were mostly represented by reads from 5 phyla, with Chlorophyta prevailing in summer, diatoms in winter and Haptophyta in the southernmost sampling sites. In spite of the broad spatial and temporal salinity changes observed, the communities of small eukaryotes clustered in 2 groups reflecting the sample location. Moreover, dissimilarities between samples were unaffected by differences in salinity, but increased with increasing geographic dis- tances. -
Biovolume Determination of Phytoplankton Guilds in Transitional Water Ecosystems of Mediterranean Ecoregion Vadrucci 1 M.R., Cabrini 2 M., Basset 1 A
Transitional Waters Bulletin TWB, Transit. Waters Bull. 2(2007), 83-102 ISSN 1825-229X, DOI 10.1285/i1825229Xv1n2p83 http://siba2.unile.it/ese/twb Biovolume determination of phytoplankton guilds in transitional water ecosystems of Mediterranean Ecoregion Vadrucci 1 M.R., Cabrini 2 M., Basset 1 A. 1 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, DiSTeBA, Università del Salento RESEARCH ARTICLE via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 LECCE 2 Dipartimento di Oceanografia Biologica – INOGS, Trieste *Corresponding author: Tel.: +39 0832 298604; Fax: +39 0832 298722; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract 1 - Conceptually, morphometric measurements of phytoplankton guilds seem to have major advantages as descriptors of the ecological status of transitional water ecosystems (TW) with respect to classical taxonomic descriptors. However, at present, standardized or common methodologies for the use of morphometric descriptors do not exist. 2 - This paper aims to provide a starting point for the activation of standardized methods for the determination of morphometric descriptors of phytoplankton as a quality element in TW in accordance with the new directive of WFD 2000/60/EU. 3 - Phytoplankton biovolume is one of the most studied morphometric descriptors. It can be estimated by associating the algae with similar geometric forms and determining the volume of these by measuring the linear dimensions required for its calculation under the microscope. However, the lack of a standardized set of geometric forms and equations for calculating biovolume causes difficulties and produces data that are not comparable. 4 - A set of geometric models is suggested here for calculating the cell biovolumes of 201 phytoplankton genera found in transitional water ecosystems of Mediterranean Ecoregion. -
Nanoplankton Protists from the Western Mediterranean Sea. II. Cryptomonads (Cryptophyceae = Cryptomonadea)*
sm69n1047 4/3/05 20:30 Página 47 SCI. MAR., 69 (1): 47-74 SCIENTIA MARINA 2005 Nanoplankton protists from the western Mediterranean Sea. II. Cryptomonads (Cryptophyceae = Cryptomonadea)* GIANFRANCO NOVARINO Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K. E-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY: This paper is an electron microscopical account of cryptomonad flagellates (Cryptophyceae = Cryptomon- adea) in the plankton of the western Mediterranean Sea. Bottle samples collected during the spring-summer of 1998 in the Sea of Alboran and Barcelona coastal waters contained a total of eleven photosynthetic species: Chroomonas (sensu aucto- rum) sp., Cryptochloris sp., 3 species of Hemiselmis, 3 species of Plagioselmis including Plagioselmis nordica stat. nov/sp. nov., Rhinomonas reticulata (Lucas) Novarino, Teleaulax acuta (Butcher) Hill, and Teleaulax amphioxeia (Conrad) Hill. Identification was based largely on cell surface features, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cells were either dispersed in the water-column or associated with suspended particulate matter (SPM). Plagioselmis prolonga was the most common species both in the water-column and in association with SPM, suggesting that it might be a key primary pro- ducer of carbon. Taxonomic keys are given based on SEM. Key words: Cryptomonadea, cryptomonads, Cryptophyceae, flagellates, nanoplankton, taxonomy, ultrastructure. RESUMEN: PROTISTAS NANOPLANCTÓNICOS DEL MAR MEDITERRANEO NOROCCIDENTAL II. CRYPTOMONADALES (CRYPTOPHY- CEAE = CRYPTOMONADEA). – Este estudio describe a los flagelados cryptomonadales (Cryptophyceae = Cryptomonadea) planctónicos del Mar Mediterraneo Noroccidental mediante microscopia electrónica. La muestras recogidas en botellas durante la primavera-verano de 1998 en el Mar de Alboran y en aguas costeras de Barcelona, contenian un total de 11 espe- cies fotosintéticas: Chroomonas (sensu auctorum) sp., Cryptochloris sp., 3 especies de Hemiselmis, 3 especies de Plagio- selmis incluyendo Plagioselmis nordica stat. -
Algal Composition of Microbiotic Crusts from the Central Desert of Baja California, Mexico
Great Basin Naturalist Volume 58 Number 4 Article 1 10-12-1998 Algal composition of microbiotic crusts from the Central Desert of Baja California, Mexico Valerie R. Flechtner John Carroll University, University Heights, Ohio Jeffrey R. Johansen John Carroll University, University Heights, Ohio William H. Clark Albertson College of Idaho, Caldwell, Idaho Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Flechtner, Valerie R.; Johansen, Jeffrey R.; and Clark, William H. (1998) "Algal composition of microbiotic crusts from the Central Desert of Baja California, Mexico," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 58 : No. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol58/iss4/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Great Basin Naturalist PUBLISHED AT PROVO, UTAH, BY M.L. BEAN LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY ISSN 0017-3614 VOLUME 58 31 OCTOBER 1998 No.4 Great Basin Naturalist 58(4), © 1998, pp. 295-311 ALGAL COMPOSITION OF MICROBIOTIC CRUSTS FROM THE CENTRAL DESERT OF BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO Valerie R. Flechtner1, Jeffrey R. Johansenl, and William H. Clark2 ABSTRACT.-A total of 66 algal species representing 32 genera were recovered from soils of 10 sites in the Catavifia region of the Central Desert of Baja California, Mexico. The most common species encountered were the cyanophytes Nostoc commune and Schizothrix calcicola, the chlorophyte Myrmecia astigmatica, and the diatoms HantZ8chia amphioxys, Hantzschia amphyQxys f. -
Limnological Information Supporting the Development of Regional Nutrient Criteria for Alaskan Lakes
LIMNOLOGICAL INFORMATION SUPPORTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL NUTRIENT CRITERIA FOR ALASKAN LAKES Water Quality Monitoring and Trophic Assessment of Seven Lakes in the Matanuska-Susitna Borough J. A. Edmundson REGIONAL INFORMATION REPORT No. 2A03-24 Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Commercial Fisheries 333 Raspberry Road Anchorage, Alaska 99518-1599 August 2002 I The Regional Information Report Series was established in 1987 to provide an information access system for all unpublished division reports. These reports frequently serve diverse ad hoc informational purposes or archive basic uninterpreted data. To accommodate timely reporting ofrecently collected information. reports in this series undergo only limited internal review and may contain preliminary data; this information may be subsequently finalized and published in the formal literature. Consequently, these reports should not be cited without prior approval of the author or the Division of Commercial Fisheries. AUTHORS II,'" Jim A. Edmundson is the project leader for Central Region Limnology of the Alaska Department ofFish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 43961 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Suite B, Soldotna, AK 99669. "..• '''11I11 ,." "J " ,,j Product names used in this report are included for scientific completeness but do not constitute endorsement by Alaska Department of Fish and Game. " il"l I.~ II~ IH ""I' TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page LIST OF TABLES .iii LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF APPENDICES viii ABSTRACT ix INTRODUCTION 1 Objectives . 3 Description of Study Site 3 METHODS 6 Data Gathering 6 Databases, Statistical Analysis, and Trophic State Index 15 RESULTS and DISCUSSION 16 Physical Conditions 16 Chemical Characteristics 22 Nutrients 29 Particulate Organic Carbon '" 34 Phytoplankton 34 Nutrient-Chlorophyll Models 36 Trophic Status 43 CONCLUSIONS and RECOMMENDATIONS 46 ACKN"OWLEDGEMENTS 49 REFERENCES 49 ii ., LIST OF TABLES Table " ;I 1. -
Chloroplast Phylogenomic Analysis of Chlorophyte Green Algae Identifies a Novel Lineage Sister to the Sphaeropleales (Chlorophyceae) Claude Lemieux*, Antony T
Lemieux et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2015) 15:264 DOI 10.1186/s12862-015-0544-5 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Chloroplast phylogenomic analysis of chlorophyte green algae identifies a novel lineage sister to the Sphaeropleales (Chlorophyceae) Claude Lemieux*, Antony T. Vincent, Aurélie Labarre, Christian Otis and Monique Turmel Abstract Background: The class Chlorophyceae (Chlorophyta) includes morphologically and ecologically diverse green algae. Most of the documented species belong to the clade formed by the Chlamydomonadales (also called Volvocales) and Sphaeropleales. Although studies based on the nuclear 18S rRNA gene or a few combined genes have shed light on the diversity and phylogenetic structure of the Chlamydomonadales, the positions of many of the monophyletic groups identified remain uncertain. Here, we used a chloroplast phylogenomic approach to delineate the relationships among these lineages. Results: To generate the analyzed amino acid and nucleotide data sets, we sequenced the chloroplast DNAs (cpDNAs) of 24 chlorophycean taxa; these included representatives from 16 of the 21 primary clades previously recognized in the Chlamydomonadales, two taxa from a coccoid lineage (Jenufa) that was suspected to be sister to the Golenkiniaceae, and two sphaeroplealeans. Using Bayesian and/or maximum likelihood inference methods, we analyzed an amino acid data set that was assembled from 69 cpDNA-encoded proteins of 73 core chlorophyte (including 33 chlorophyceans), as well as two nucleotide data sets that were generated from the 69 genes coding for these proteins and 29 RNA-coding genes. The protein and gene phylogenies were congruent and robustly resolved the branching order of most of the investigated lineages. Within the Chlamydomonadales, 22 taxa formed an assemblage of five major clades/lineages. -
ABSTRACT BISHOP, WEST MICHAEL. a Risk
ABSTRACT BISHOP, WEST MICHAEL. A Risk-based Decision Information System for Selecting an Algal Management Program. (Under the direction of Dr. Robert J. Richardson). Freshwater resources are a vital component needed to support numerous human activities. Climate change, water use dynamics, and eutrophication have synergistically promoted nuisance and noxious algal blooms throughout the world. The increasing distribution, duration, and intensity of algal blooms has created unprecedented concerns over safety and usability of freshwater. Some of the largest blooms ever documented have occurred in the recent past. This dissertation is designed to provide a framework to assist in 1) understanding risks associated with nuisance algal infestations and 2) comparatively assessing the efficacy, costs, and collateral risks of different management approaches. The management decision framework consists of characterizing dimensions of the problem, identifying management objectives, and applying research to create a strategic management approach that incorporates risks of no action as well as risks associated with different management strategies. By considering information from the research chapters included herein, an accurate assessment of risks can be conducted in terms of the effectiveness and ecological integrity of management approaches. This research should be used to make informed decisions regarding the choice to manage nuisance algae and the selection of an appropriate management approach. © Copyright 2016 West Michael Bishop All Rights Reserved A Risk-based Decision Information System for Selecting an Algal Management Program by West Michael Bishop A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Crop Science Raleigh, North Carolina 2016 APPROVED BY: _______________________________ _______________________________ Dr. -
Freshwater Algae in Britain and Ireland - Bibliography
Freshwater algae in Britain and Ireland - Bibliography Floras, monographs, articles with records and environmental information, together with papers dealing with taxonomic/nomenclatural changes since 2003 (previous update of ‘Coded List’) as well as those helpful for identification purposes. Theses are listed only where available online and include unpublished information. Useful websites are listed at the end of the bibliography. Further links to relevant information (catalogues, websites, photocatalogues) can be found on the site managed by the British Phycological Society (http://www.brphycsoc.org/links.lasso). Abbas A, Godward MBE (1964) Cytology in relation to taxonomy in Chaetophorales. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 58: 499–597. Abbott J, Emsley F, Hick T, Stubbins J, Turner WB, West W (1886) Contributions to a fauna and flora of West Yorkshire: algae (exclusive of Diatomaceae). Transactions of the Leeds Naturalists' Club and Scientific Association 1: 69–78, pl.1. Acton E (1909) Coccomyxa subellipsoidea, a new member of the Palmellaceae. Annals of Botany 23: 537–573. Acton E (1916a) On the structure and origin of Cladophora-balls. New Phytologist 15: 1–10. Acton E (1916b) On a new penetrating alga. New Phytologist 15: 97–102. Acton E (1916c) Studies on the nuclear division in desmids. 1. Hyalotheca dissiliens (Smith) Bréb. Annals of Botany 30: 379–382. Adams J (1908) A synopsis of Irish algae, freshwater and marine. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 27B: 11–60. Ahmadjian V (1967) A guide to the algae occurring as lichen symbionts: isolation, culture, cultural physiology and identification. Phycologia 6: 127–166 Allanson BR (1973) The fine structure of the periphyton of Chara sp. -
Soft Algae Species Attributes
SCCWRP Technical Report #0730 Development of Algal Indices of Biotic Integrity for Southern California Wadeable Streams and Recommendations for their Application, v3 This document is the deliverable for Prop 50 grant Task # 4, which entailed preparation of a draft algal IBI for use in southern California wadeable streams. Abstract Using a large dataset from wadeable streams concentrated in southern California, we developed several Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) consisting of metrics derived from diatom and/or non- diatom (“soft”) algal assemblages including cyanobacteria. Over 100 metrics were screened based on metric score distributions, responsiveness to anthropogenic stress, and repeatability. High-performing metrics were combined into IBIs, which were classified according to the amount of field and laboratory effort required to generate their scores. IBIs were screened for responsiveness to anthropogenic stress, repeatability, mean correlation between component metrics, and indifference to natural gradients. Most IBIs resulted in good separation between the most disturbed and least disturbed (i.e., “reference”) site classes, but they varied in terms of how well they distinguished intermediate-disturbance sites from the other classes, and based on some of the other performance criteria listed. In general, the best performing IBIs were “hybrids”, containing a mix of diatom and soft-algae metrics. Of those tested, the soft-algae-only IBIs were better at distinguishing the intermediate from most highly disturbed site classes, and the diatom- only IBIs were marginally better than soft-algae based IBIs at distinguishing reference-quality from intermediate site classes. The single-assemblage IBIs also differed considerably in terms of the natural gradients to which they were most responsive.