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The Elderly in the Community Demographic Background of the Study Population

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The Elderly in the Community Demographic Background of the Study Population UK Data Archive Study Number 1983 Elderly in the Community, 1979 THE ELDERLY IN THE COMMUNITY DEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY POPULATION. A. Background to the research The study dlscussed In thlS paper, forms part of a larger programme of research deslgned to provlde lnformatlon and gUlde pOllCy wlth respect to soclal serVlce provlslon In rural area~ The research was conducted In Glyndwr and Melrlonnydd In North Wales and a detalled descrlptlon of the soclal and economlC characterlstlcs of the study area are presented In Worklng Paper No.22 . The study of the elderly in the communlty was conducted to complement research on the local soclal SerV1Ce teams and a survey of elderly soclal serVlce cllents. The maln focus of the study has been upon the soclal mllleu of the elderly, wlth partlcular emphasls on lnformal networks of support. ThlS paper p~ovldesthe demographlc background data to the core tOplCS of the survey. The data have been collected In elght rural communltles, selected to represent the full range of settlement types In the area (H. Wllllams, 1976) and to reflect both hlgh and low relatlve pro~'ortlons of Welsh speakers and hlgh and low relatlve proportlons of lncomers. The communltles have been descrlbed In more detall elsewhere (WP.16). They lnclude the small seaslde resorts of Tywyn and Aberdovey and the lnland market town of Bala, together wlth the vlllages of Bryncrug, Llanarmon-yn-Ial, Llandegla and Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant and thelr rural hlnterlands and the extremely scattered upland parlsh of Llanycll. B. Methodology. The research was conducted In two maJor phases In Phase I a door-to-door census of occupled households, uSlng ratlng assessors' llStS was conducted ThlS method was chosen because experlence had shown that electoral reglsters and general practltloners' reglsters 2 are frequently out of date or, ln the case of the former, do not always lnclude all the resldent elderly. Phase I made lt posslble to collect mlnlmal data on all the elderly so that any subsequent sample could be checked for sampllng error. Data were ellclted on age, sex, rnarltal status, place of blrth, length of co~unlty resldence and whether or not Welsh speaklng This last was lmportant so that steps could be taken to ensure that all those who spoke Welsh would subsequently be approached by a blllngual lntervlewer so that the intervlew could be conducted ln the language of the respondent's cholce. In effect, 82% of Welsh speakers were intervlewed elther wholly ln Welsh (74%) or at least half ln Welsh (8%) as they chose. A Phase II sanple was selected from the Phase I data. In this case, one person from each elderly household was selected ln all communlt1es except Bala, Tywyn and Aberdovey, where 50% of elderly households were lncluded. The sample was randomlsed for sex and the resultant sample and responding sample checked for representat1veness against the Phase I data. Phase II conslsted of 1ntervlews in the respondent's own home, following a quest10nna1re schedule (Appendlx I). Both Phase I and Phase II data were elic1ted by interv1ewers recruited and tralned by the research team. Before each phase a day's tralning seSSlon was conducted for lnterv1ewers 1n an effort to standard1ze as far as poss1ble lnterpretat10n and recording techn1ques. Interv1ewers were pa1d hourly, lncluding travel and clerlcal t1me, plus a m1leage allowance, Slnce 1t was felt that the nature of the terraln and the character1stlcs of the sample populatlon were such that this method of payment would ensure both equ1ty and quallty of returns. The performance of 1nterv1ewers as reflected 1n the high standard of returns and the hlgh response rate (87%), it was felt fully Justlf1ed thlS decls10n. 3 Th1s paper presents the demograph1c data from Phase II and prov1des the necessary background to tOP1C papers wh1ch are ~ore central to the rna 1n purpose of the research "The El derly 1n the Community' Mob111ty and Access to Serv1ces" (WP No. 16),1 "The El derly 1n the Communl ty: Faln11y Contacts, SOC1 a1 Integrat10n and Commun1ty Involvement" (WP. No. 18) and "The Elderly 1n the COmnUn1ty' Morale, Isolat1on and Lone11ness (forthco~1ng). The paper 1S 1ntended pr1mar11y as 1nformat10n and d1scussion has been 11m1ted to be presented 1n other contexts. However, where poss1ble compar1sons are made w1th recent data from more uroan Br1t1sh populat10ns pr1marily Hunt, 1978, and other stud1es. 1. Papers presented by members of the team wh11e work1ng on the current proJect are c1ted oy WOrkTng Paper Number (WP) and 11sted separately 1n the b1b110graphy. • 4 C. General Demography and Household Compos1t10n 1. Age. In any cons1derat10n of the elderly population, 1t must be borne 1n m1nd that the age group from s1xty-five to those over n1nety 1ncludes two generations. Th1S fact was brought home quite V1V1dly by a women of 68 1n one of the study commun1t1es who ment10ned that her mother had been 1nterv1ewed the prev10us week. When the f1gures are d1saggregated, as when deal1ng with small settlements, Var1at10n becomes more apparent and 1t 1S evident that w1thin the population small enclaves of comparable age exist. The hamlet of Cwrt outs1de Aberdovey and the V111age of Llandegla are examples, where 53% and 48% of the elderly population are over e1ghty and 1n Tywyn the new bungalow estates have a h1gher proport10n of the young elderly who have Just ret1red. Both of these factors are important 1n terms of informal care (discussed elsewhere) because 1t means that ava11able carers 1ncrease in age at t~e same rate as the care needers. To expect a daughter to care for a mother of n1nety is not the same expectat10n as when the mother 1S seventy, the second mother could be the daughter of the f1rst~ Often respondents commented that the1r neighbours were very good to them adding "of course, we're none of us gett1ng any younger". The broad range of age in the elderly populat10n 1S therefore 1mportant and should be kept 1n mind 1n all d1Scuss10n. While the age d1stribut1on approx1mates the nat10nal d1str1bution (Table lh 1t should be borne 1n m1nd that the proport1on of the total populat10n over the age of 65 1S h1gher 1n the rural areas. Based on 1971 f1gures provided by the County Counc1ls, w1th the except10n of Llanyc1l at 17% all the study commun1t1es had h1gher proport10ns of the populat1on over •pensionable age than the 17% UK m1d-year est1mate for 1971 issued by the Registrar-General (Social Trends, 1980, Table 3 9., P 98) • INSTRUCTIONS TO INTE~VIE'ERS Any querles or problems WhlCh come up that are not explalned here, please contact Dr Clare Wenger or Mrs Angie Rowlands at Bangor 51151. Ext.449 or Dr. Wenger at home. Prestatyn 4842 P SMPLE LIST Communlty Sample 1. Based on Phase I we plan to interview one person from each household where there is anyone aged 65 or older in Llanarmon-yn-Ial. Llandegla. Llanrhaeadr-yn-Mochnant. Bryncrug and the Pennal/Cwrt dlstrict of Tywyn community and a 50% sample of househoids in Bala. Tywyn and Aberdyfi A master list of this complete sample will be kept at the office in Bangor 2. Where it is possible the same interviewer wlll be asked to contact those respondents they interviewed in Phase I. Obviously. because of the numbers lnvolved. this wlll not be possible in all cases, but for those who lnterviewed on Phase I of the proJect, the likelihood is that they wlll be re-visitlng people with whom contact has already been made 3 Interviewers wlll be fUr'll shed with batches of up to ten Phase I completed forms, together wlth Interviewer L1StS of the names and addresses involved A copy of each Intervlewer List will be kept at the offlce in Bangor The name of the person to be ,nterv,ewed is underlined in red 4. The Interviewer L1StS have columns for the recordlng of the outcome of attempts to contact the respondents and these lists will be returRee-t~ Gc/~L~C ~ wltn the relevant completed quest,onna,res It 15 lmportant that these records are kept accurately as they will form a part of our daca 5 In the rlght hand column. interviewers are asked to comment on the dispositlon of the contact. and you are urged to fill thlS 1'1 as fully as posslble 6. Inltially, each interviewer will be issued with one batch only of Phase I forms When f,ve or SlX interviews have been completed. you are asked to send the completed questlonnaires to Bangor in the envelope provlded so that they may be checked. Any querles will be returned to you for clarlficatlon and any mlsunderstandings will hopefully be cleared up before we continue. 7. Intervlewers wlll subsequently be sent two Intervlewer Lists. i e two batches of Phase I forms. As one list is completed lt should be returned to Bangor with the quest,onnalres and another list will automatically be sent to that lnterviewer. This procedure has been devised as same lntervlewers have more time and therefore will work more qUickly than others This method should avoid delays and give us an idea of how thlngs are gOlng 8. Same of the Phase I forms give ages as 60 plus or over 60. In these instances. the forms have been marked "if 65 plus". In other words. ascertaln whether or not the person is 65 before commencing On the lnterview If the person indlcated is under 65 but another household member is 65+. then an interview will be conducted wlth the older person. 9. In same lnstances. inevltably we wlll flnd that the person to be inter- vlewed has died.
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