Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Mad Cow Disease) Fast Fact

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Mad Cow Disease What is BSE and what swaying and behavioral changes (e.g., Who should I contact if I causes it? nervousness, aggression or frenzy) suspect BSE? Bovine spongiform encepha- are seen. Weight loss and a drop in In Animals – Contact your lopathy (en-CEF-A-LOP-a-thee), also milk production may be noted. Rarely, veterinarian immediately. called BSE or “mad cow disease,” is a cattle with BSE will become suddenly In Humans – Contact your disease that affects the brain of cattle ill within days. All cattle with BSE will physician immediately. and humans. Most scientists believe die from the disease. How can I protect my animal that it is caused by an abnormal Can I get BSE? protein in brain tissue, called a prion from BSE? Yes. Humans who eat BSE- (PRY-on), that can cause fatal disease Only a few cases of BSE have ever contaminated beef products can when eaten. been found in the U.S., so the risk that develop a disease called variant your animal will become infected The disease was first diagnosed in Creutzfeldt-Jakob (KROITZ-felt YAH- is very low. As a precaution, the the United Kingdom in 1986. Since cub) disease (vCJD). This disease is government has passed regulations then the disease has occurred in many called ‘variant’ to distinguish it from a to prevent certain tissues from being European countries as well as Japan, different, genetically acquired disease fed to cattle or other ruminants. Canada and the United States. Most of of humans called classic Creutzfeldt- the reported cases of BSE (95%) have Jakob disease (CJD). How can I protect myself occurred in the United Kingdom. Initial signs of vCJD include from vCJD? What animals get BSE? behavioral changes and abnormal In the U.S. your risk of getting BSE is a disease of cattle; however, sensations. As the disease progresses, vCJD is extremely low. Regulations under experimental conditions, incoordination and dementia develop, prevent certain tissues of cattle from scientists have found that sheep, goats, followed by coma and death. There being used in human foods. Import pigs, cats, mink, mice, marmosets and is no cure for vCJD. Most people die restrictions prevent BSE positive cattle some species of monkeys can be within a year after signs occur. Most from entering the U.S. and there is a infected with the BSE agent. cases have been in people who lived monitoring program for the disease. in the United Kingdom during the BSE BSE does occur in other countries How can my animal get BSE? outbreak in the late 1980s. but most have implemented strict Most cattle are infected when they control measures to prevent the ingest (oral) prion contaminated disease from entering the human “ruminant” meat and bone meal food supply. Milk and milk products contaminated with prions. This are thought to be safe. dietary supplement has been banned from feed since 1997 in the For More Information United States. A few cows may be CFSPH Technical Fact Sheets. Bovine able to pass BSE to their offspring, Spongiform Encephalopathy at but animals don’t infect each other http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/ by direct contact. It has never been DiseaseInfo/ found in milk, meat or blood. CDC website. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob How does BSE affect my Disease at http://www.cdc.gov/ ncidod/dvrd/vcjd/ animal? BSE or “mad cow disease” USDA-APHIS-VS. BSE at http://www. BSE is typically a slow developing causes “spongy” holes in the aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_is- disease. Infected cattle appear brain tissue of affected cattle. sues/bse/index.shtml normal for 2 to 8 years. As the disease develops, the brain is affected. Photo from USDA APHIS, Dr. Al Jenny Signs such as trembling, stumbling, Last Updated: April 2008 © 2008 BSE_F2008.

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Commission Services Paper on the Processing, Disposal and Uses Of
0(02 Brussels, 20 November 2001 &RPPLVVLRQ VHUYLFHV SDSHU RQ WKH SURFHVVLQJ GLVSRVDODQGXVHVRIDQLPDOE\SURGXFWVLQ0HPEHU 6WDWHV $ %DFNJURXQG A number of BSE and related measures have been introduced over recent years, most of which have had the effect of extending the list of unsafe materials and/or restricting disposal methods and uses. For example, the list of specified risk material has been extended to include the entire intestine of bovines, mechanically recovered meat and the vertebral column. Also, animals that die on farm and meat and bone meal can no longer be used in feeds, which until recently were acceptable outlets for the industry. An inevitable result is that the amount of material needing destruction has increased across the EU. In order to monitor the level of the increase, the impact and disposal capacity in Member States, the Directorate General for Health and Consumer Protection sent a questionnaire to Member States on 29 March asking for details including current disposal routes, amount of animal by- products disposed of YLD each route and costs . Returns have been received from all Member States, and this paper provides a summary of the situation across the EU. Some Member States did not provide full data enabling a general assumption to be made, and the content of this paper may not be of statistical significance. Nevertheless, a number of factual key conclusions can be drawn as in section C below in relation to: - processing and disposal routes - trade/export of processed animal protein and rendered fat - collection, transport and rendering costs - storage capacity for rendered products and costs - incineration, co-incineration and small on-farm incineration - burial and/or landfill - biogas - composting and use of processed animal protein as fertilisers - disposal capacity in Member States A separate questionnaire was sent out by the Directorate General for Agriculture at the end of August 2001, aiming to collect data on the cost and methods of financing of the treatment of animal waste.
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Rendered Products in Pet Food
RENDERED PRODUCTS IN PET FOOD Greg Aldrich, Ph.D. President, Pet Food and Ingredient Technology, Inc. Summary Globally, in 2005, pet food and products were a $53 billion industry—and the market is growing. In the United States, dog and cat food sales alone account for $14.5 billion with exports of nearly $1 billion. The global total for pet food and supplies for all pet animals is now approaching $40 billion annually. These rising sales are driven, in part, by increasing ownership of pets with more than 140 million dogs and cats and an estimated 200 million specialty pets, such as fish, pocket pets, and exotic animals. It is also moved by the trend that more people consider their pets as members of the family as demonstrated by everything from birthday and holiday celebrations, family photos, health insurance, burial plots, and preparation of special meals. Pet foods are now more than ever considered packaged goods that are co-mingled with other family food items. The top five pet food companies, over 65 percent of the market, are owned by household names like Mars, Nestle, Proctor & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive, and Del Monte. Traditional retail outlets such as grocery and farm/feed stores have lost some market share to big-box mass market stores, warehouse clubs, and pet specialty stores, but grocery stores remain the largest outlet. Pet food choices have become almost limitless with options for different price points, life-stage, shapes and sizes, package type, ingredient preferences, breed, size, and disease condition. Pet foods are also becoming more “humanized” and tracking human food trends.
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Protein Evaluation of Porcine Meat and Bone Meal Products
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports Animal Science Department January 2000 Protein Evaluation of Porcine Meat and Bone Meal Products Tony Scott University of Nebraska-Lincoln Ryan Mass University of Nebraska-Lincoln Casey Wilson University of Nebraska-Lincoln Terry J. Klopfenstein University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Austin Lewis University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr Part of the Animal Sciences Commons Scott, Tony; Mass, Ryan; Wilson, Casey; Klopfenstein, Terry J.; and Lewis, Austin, "Protein Evaluation of Porcine Meat and Bone Meal Products" (2000). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 388. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/388 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. mixture. Although it is not clear how this not lower than commodity SBM. These conclude that the MP concentrations of method is effective, it is obvious from data demonstrate not all methods of treat- treated SBM products vary more from the UIP concentration that the browning ing SBM (to increase UIP) lower TND. lot to lot than does commodity SBM. We reaction is induced by this treatment. The MP concentrations of several also conclude that the UIP concentra- However, variable UIP results were treated SBM products were estimated. tions of all three treated SBM products achieved and the TND of the protein These products are marketed based on tested are variable and should be moni- sometimes was affected.
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Assessment of Alternative Phosphorus Fertilizers for Organic Farming: Meat and Bone Meal
FACT SHEET Assessment of Alternative Phosphorus Fertilizers for Organic Farming: Meat and Bone Meal In the past meat and bone meal was a major source of nutrients for recycling back to agricultural land, either as animal feed or organic nitrogen and phos phorus fertilizer. Nowadays – since the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopa thy (BSE) crisis in 1999 – it is only used as fertilizer. Although meat and bone meals are allowed by EU regulation in organic farming, several growers’ organisations prohibited them during the BSE crisis. Incineration or melting in a cupola furnace are alternative treatment options to their direct use elimina ting any risk on BSE transmission. However, these processes lead to losses of organic matter as well as nitrogen and sulfur and affect the phosphorus availa bility. The fact sheet shows which actions are needed to ease the statutory restrictions for use as fertilizer and thus to make phosphorus sources in meat and bone meal accessible for organic agriculture again. Introduction Bone meal (BM) and meat meal (MM), as well as France, 1.5 million tonnes in UK, 350,000 tonnes in meat and bone meal (MBM) are by-products of the Austria, 500,000 tonnes in Denmark and 2.8 million rendering industry and made from animal process- tonnes in Germany [1]. The total P potential in the EU ing offal. Offal consists of those animal parts that from the rendering industry offal ranges between are not suited for human consumption. Animal offal 110,000 and 128,000 tonnes per year. In Germany contains among others fat, meat, organs, bones, 20–25 % of the total P amounts available – approxi- blood and feathers.
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Banned Mammalian Protein What Does It Mean?
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The Role of Dietary Meat and Bone Meal in the Spread Ofbse
The Role of Dietary Meat and Bone Meal in the Spread ofBSE D.M. Taylor BBSRC & MRC Neuropathogenesis Unit Institute for Animal Health West Mains Rd Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3JF Wilesmithet al., (1988) established that there was nor the heating regimes to remove residual sol- an association between the occurrence of bovine vent, are likely to have had the capacity to spongiform encephalopathy (ESE) and the use of meat massively reduce infectivity titres (Taylor 1989). and bone meal (MEM) as a protein supplement in cattle- However, given that solvent extracted tissues feed: there has been a significant decline in the incidence would already have been subjected to a standard ofBSE in the UK following the introduction in 1988 of a rendering procedure, it may be that the combined ban on feeding ruminant-derived protein to ruminants. effect of the two processes had been sufficient to MBM is manufactured by the rendering industry, prin- depress the infectivity titre in MBM such that it cipally from ruminant tissue discarded by abattoirs. The did nor represent an effective dose for cattle in neurohistopathological features of BSE (Wells et al., MBM. · 1987), and its experimental transmissibility (e.g. Although a number of studies had been carried out Dawson et al., 1990; Fraser et al., 1992) demonstrated on heat inactivation ofTDE agents, none mimicked the that it belongs to a group of transmissible degenerative conditions found in rendering. Consequently, industrial encephalopathies (TDE) which includes scrapie in sheep, pilot-scale facsimiles of rendering procedures used and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) of humans. BSE throughout the EU were created.
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TOP Worst and Best Dog Foods
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Figure 7.3.Eps
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Beaufort Dog Food Comparison
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Animal Rendering: Economics and Policy
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Rendered Ingredients Significantly Influence Sustainability, Quality, and Safety of Pet Food1
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Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, , 435-439, doi: 10.15421/2020_120 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Amino acid composition of meat and bone meal from various manufacturers of pet food and animal feed I. Simonova, S. Grabovskyi*, U. Drachuk, B. Halukh, I. Basarab Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Pekarska Str., 50, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Received: 17.03.2020. Accepted 26.04.2020 The study aimed to determine the peculiarities of the chemical composition of meat and bone meal (MBM) from different manufacturers as raw materials for the production of animal feed. To characterize feed additives of imported origin. To ensure the achievement of the goal, a mass fraction of protein, fat, mineral elements, amino acid composition of meat and bone meal from poultry farm “Ular” was established. The results obtained were compared with the mass fraction of protein, fat, mineral elements, amino acid composition of meat and bone meal (MBM) of other manufacturers. The composition of feed additives of imported origin was described with the possibility of their use in feed technology for non-productive animals. We studied the meat and bone meal (MBM) from Poland and Ukraine manufacturers and concentrated feed additives manufactured by the company “PashemKemos Sp. J.” (Poland), "Pet Kea" (Poland), and “Rovimix TM Folik 80 SD” (Belgium). The MBM of Ukraine (Ular Farm, sample 3) was not inferior to MBM from poultry of other producers. It contains 56.3% of protein, 11% of fat, 5.5% of moisture, P, Ca, and Na, which concentrations were 0.5, 1.0, and 0.2 mg/100 g respectively.
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