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Med Znanostjo in Politiko: Slovenistika Na Karlovi Univerzi V Pragi
1919 v slovenskem jeziku, literaturi in kulturi Alenka Jensterle-Doležal Filozofska fakulteta, Praga DOI: 10.4312/SSJLK.55.157-162 Med znanostjo in politiko: slovenistika na Karlovi univerzi v Pragi Študij slovenistike kot del južne slavistike ima v češki kulturi dolgo tradicijo. Intenzivno povezovanje med slovenskimi in češkimi intelektualci in pisatelji se je začelo v obdobju romantike. Slovenščina se je na Filozofski fakulteti Karlove uni- verze (v nadaljevanju: FF UK) začela poučevati že leta 1914, kar ni naključje. Slovenistika na FF UK je v 20. stoletju doži- vljala vzpone in padce. Položaj je bil zelo negotov posebno po dramatičnih političnih spremembah v češki družbi po letih 1947 in 1968. V študijskem letu 1993/94 je slovenistika postala samostojen študijski program. Devetdeseta leta in začetek 21. stoletja so bila tudi »najboljša leta« za slovenistiko v Pragi. Po letu 2008 je slovenščina ostala samo še speci- alizacija na južnoslovanskih študijah kot del študij balkanskega in južnoslovanskega območja. V 21. stoletju na FF UK še vedno ostaja nerazrešena napetost med filološkim in zgodovinskim (kulturološkim) razumevanjem mesta slovenistike (južne slavistike). slovenistika na Karlovi univerzi, slovensko-češke vezi, poučevanje slovenskega jezika kot tujega jezika, slovenistika na neslovenskih univerzah, koncept slavistike Slovene Studies as part of South Slavic studies has a long tradition in Czech culture. The fruitful relationship between Slovene and Czech scholars and writers began in the Romantic period. It was not by chance that the first lectureship of Slovene was founded in 1914 at the Faculty of Arts at Charles University. Subsequently, the teaching of Slovene experi- enced great success but also went through periods of challenge and difficulty, due to the dramatic political changes in Czech society in the turbulent 20th Century (especially after 1947 and 1968). -
Ethnologia Europaea in Croatia and Slovenia: Branimir Bratanić (1910–1986) and Vilko Novak (1909–2003)
Stud. ethnol. Croat., vol. 24, str. 7-30, Zagreb, 2012. Ingrid Slavec Gradišnik: Ethnologia Europea in Croatia and Slovenia: Branimir Bratanić... ETHNOLOGIA EUROPAEA IN CROATIA AND SLOVENIA: BRANIMIR BRATANIĆ (1910–1986) AND VILKO NOVAK (1909–2003) INGRID SLAVEC GRADIŠNIK UDK 39.01(497.5:497.4)”195” Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts 39-051 Bratanić, B.; 39-051 Novak, V. Scientific Research Center Original scientific paper Institute of Slovenian Ethnology Izvorni znanstveni rad 1000 Ljubljana, Novi trg 2, Slovenia Received / Primljeno: 25. 6. 2012. Accepted / Prihvaćeno: 10. 9. 2012. The author deals with a chapter from the histories of Croatian and Slovenian ethnology, particularly the period of the 1950s, when both national ethnological disciplines were engaged with the issue of the relationship between general and regional/national ethnology. As far as concerns this relationship, Branimir Bratanić and Vilko Novak, both university professors at that time, followed the contemporary line of discussions in European ethnology (EE). They presented the “novelties” and advocated the integration of specific national traditions in EE, adapting them by respecting disciplinary legacies and current state of the discipline in their home countries as well as their educational agendas and broader research practices. For this reason, this study also includes a comparative presentation of some disciplinary convergences and divergences right before this particular period: the links between Croatian and Slovenian ethnology that come to light when emphasising the conceptualization of the research field, institutional history, and contacts among researchers. Keywords: history of ethnology, Croatia, Slovenia, Branimir Bratanić, Vilko Novak, European ethnology. THE HISTORY OF DISCIPLINE, DISCIPLINARY CONVERGENCES AND DIVERGENCES The history of discipline pertains to the general issues of knowledge production. -
Language Development and Language Revitalization in Asia1
Language development and language revitalization in Asia1 Suwilai Premsrirat Institute of Language and Culture for Rural Development, Mahidol University—Salaya (Thailand Dennis Malone SIL International—Asia Abstract Language revitalization and minority language education programs face serious obstacles when the minority language has not yet been developed beyond its traditional oral state. Language development activities, therefore, must precede and contribute to the literacy and mother tongue education components of a language revitalization program. The minority community faces a serious challenge when, for example, no writing system exists for the ethnic language, or when, for whatever reasons, an existing writing system is no longer appropriate for the language. However, practitioners in applied linguistics and minority language education are developing participatory ways of assisting such communities in the process of language development. These include collaborations in designing or revising appropriate writing systems for the languages and for promoting mother tongue literature. This paper presents, in two parts, (I) an overview of language development efforts around the world, emphasizing the interactive aspects of language development and the facilitation of minority language literature development; and (II) a description of the Chong language development and language revitalization project in Thailand. Part I. Language development and language revitalization around the world The world’s linguistic diversity is under siege. That is certain. Whether the numbers are linguist Michael Krauss’s vision of catastrophic loss at 90 percent or some of the more optimistic projections that see “only” half of the world’s language dead or dying by the end of the century, no one is suggesting that the danger is a hoax. -
Immanuel Kant Was Born in 1724, and Published “Religion Within The
CHAPTER FIVE THE PHENOMENOLOGY AND ‘FORMATIONS OF CONSCIOUSNESS’ It is this self-construing method alone which enables philosophy to be an objective, demonstrated science. (Hegel 1812) Immanuel Kant was born in 1724, and published “Religion within the limits of Reason” at the age of 70, at about the same time as the young Hegel was writing his speculations on building a folk religion at the seminary in Tübingen and Robespierre was engaged in his ultimately fatal practical experiment in a religion of Reason. Kant was a huge figure. Hegel and all his young philosopher friends were Kantians. But Kant’s system posed as many problems as it solved; to be a Kantian at that time was to be a participant in the project which Kant had initiated, the development of a philosophical system to fulfill the aims of the Enlightenment; and that generally meant critique of Kant. We need to look at just a couple of aspects of Kant’s philosophy which will help us understand Hegel’s approach. “I freely admit,” said Kant , “it was David Hume ’s remark [that Reason could not prove necessity or causality in Nature] that first, many years ago, interrupted my dogmatic slumber and gave a completely differ- ent direction to my enquiries in the field of speculative philosophy” (Kant 1997). Hume’s “Treatise on Human Nature” had been published while Kant was still very young, continuing a line of empiricists and their rationalist critics, whose concern was how knowledge and ideas originate from sensation. Hume was a skeptic; he demonstrated that causality could not be deduced from experience. -
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Palacký University, Olomouc Roman O. Jakobson: A Work in Progress edited and with an introduction by Tomáš Kubíček and Andrew Lass Olomouc 2014 Recenzenti: prof. PhDr. Petr A. Bílek, CSc. prof. PhDr. Dagmar Mocná, CSc. Publikace vznikla v rámci projektu Inovace bohemistických studií v mezioborových kontextech. Tento projekt je spolufi nancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky. Zpracování a vydání publikace bylo umožněno díky fi nanční podpoře udělené roku 2014 Ministerstvem školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČR v rámci Institucionálního rozvojového plánu, programu V. Excelence, Filozofi cké fakultě Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci: Zlepšení publikačních možností akademických pedagogů ve fi lologických a humanitních oborech. Neoprávněné užití tohoto díla je porušením autorských práv a může zakládat občanskoprávní, správněprávní, popř. trestněprávní odpovědnost. Editors © Tomáš Kubíček and Andrew Lass, 2014 © Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2014 ISBN 978-80-244-4386-7 Neprodejná publikace Content Introduction .................................................................................................................5 Parallelism in prose ...................................................................................................11 Wolf Schmid Reopening the “Closing statement”: Jakobson’s factors and functions in our Google Galaxy .......................................25 Peter W. Nesselroth Elective Affi nities: Roman Jakobson, Claude Lévi-Strauss and his Antropologie Structurale ..............................................................................37 -
Machine Translation for Language Preservation
Machine translation for language preservation Steven BIRD1,2 David CHIANG3 (1) Department of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne (2) Linguistic Data Consortium, University of Pennsylvania (3) Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Statistical machine translation has been remarkably successful for the world’s well-resourced languages, and much effort is focussed on creating and exploiting rich resources such as treebanks and wordnets. Machine translation can also support the urgent task of document- ing the world’s endangered languages. The primary object of statistical translation models, bilingual aligned text, closely coincides with interlinear text, the primary artefact collected in documentary linguistics. It ought to be possible to exploit this similarity in order to improve the quantity and quality of documentation for a language. Yet there are many technical and logistical problems to be addressed, starting with the problem that – for most of the languages in question – no texts or lexicons exist. In this position paper, we examine these challenges, and report on a data collection effort involving 15 endangered languages spoken in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. KEYWORDS: endangered languages, documentary linguistics, language resources, bilingual texts, comparative lexicons. Proceedings of COLING 2012: Posters, pages 125–134, COLING 2012, Mumbai, December 2012. 125 1 Introduction Most of the world’s 6800 languages are relatively unstudied, even though they are no less im- portant for scientific investigation than major world languages. For example, before Hixkaryana (Carib, Brazil) was discovered to have object-verb-subject word order, it was assumed that this word order was not possible in a human language, and that some principle of universal grammar must exist to account for this systematic gap (Derbyshire, 1977). -
Comparative Literature in Slovenia
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture ISSN 1481-4374 Purdue University Press ©Purdue University Volume 2 (2000) Issue 4 Article 11 Comparative Literature in Slovenia Kristof Jacek Kozak University of Alberta Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, and the Critical and Cultural Studies Commons Dedicated to the dissemination of scholarly and professional information, Purdue University Press selects, develops, and distributes quality resources in several key subject areas for which its parent university is famous, including business, technology, health, veterinary medicine, and other selected disciplines in the humanities and sciences. CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, the peer-reviewed, full-text, and open-access learned journal in the humanities and social sciences, publishes new scholarship following tenets of the discipline of comparative literature and the field of cultural studies designated as "comparative cultural studies." Publications in the journal are indexed in the Annual Bibliography of English Language and Literature (Chadwyck-Healey), the Arts and Humanities Citation Index (Thomson Reuters ISI), the Humanities Index (Wilson), Humanities International Complete (EBSCO), the International Bibliography of the Modern Language Association of America, and Scopus (Elsevier). The journal is affiliated with the Purdue University Press monograph series of Books in Comparative Cultural Studies. Contact: <[email protected]> Recommended Citation Kozak, Kristof Jacek. "Comparative Literature in Slovenia." CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 2.4 (2000): <https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.1094> This text has been double-blind peer reviewed by 2+1 experts in the field. The above text, published by Purdue University Press ©Purdue University, has been downloaded 2344 times as of 11/ 07/19. -
Albert Schweitzer: a Man Between Two Cultures
, .' UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I LIBRARY ALBERT SCHWEITZER: A MAN BETWEEN TWO CULTURES A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES OF • EUROPE AND THE AMERICAS (GERMAN) MAY 2007 By Marie-Therese, Lawen Thesis Committee: Niklaus Schweizer Maryann Overstreet David Stampe We certify that we have read this thesis and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts in Languages and Literatures of Europe and the Americas (German). THESIS COMMITIEE --~ \ Ii \ n\.llm~~~il\I~lmll:i~~~10 004226205 ~. , L U::;~F H~' _'\ CB5 .H3 II no. 3Y 35 -- ,. Copyright 2007 by Marie-Therese Lawen 1II "..-. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS T I would like to express my deepest gratitude to a great number of people, without whose assistance, advice, and friendship this thesis w0l!'d not have been completed: Prof. Niklaus Schweizer has been an invaluable mentor and his constant support have contributed to the completion of this work; Prof. Maryann Overstreet made important suggestions about the form of the text and gave constructive criticism; Prof. David Stampe read the manuscript at different stages of its development and provided corrective feedback. 'My sincere gratitude to Prof. Jean-Paul Sorg for the the most interesting • conversations and the warmest welcome each time I visited him in Strasbourg. His advice and encouragement were highly appreciated. Further, I am deeply grateful for the help and advice of all who were of assistance along the way: Miriam Rappolt lent her editorial talents to finalize the text; Lynne Johnson made helpful suggestions about the chapter on Bach; John Holzman suggested beneficial clarifications. -
Matija Murko, Wilhelm Radloff, and Oral Epic Studies
This article belongs to a special issue of Oral Tradition published in honor of John Miles Foley’s 65th birthday and 2011 retirement. The surprise Festschrift, guest-edited by Lori and Scott Garner entirely without his knowledge, celebrates John’s tremendous impact on studies in oral tradition through a series of essays contributed by his students from the University of Missouri- Columbia (1979-present) and from NEH Summer Seminars that he has directed (1987-1996). http://journal.oraltradition.org/issues/26ii This page is intentionally left blank. Oral Tradition, 26/2 (2011): 329-352 Matija Murko, Wilhelm Radloff, and Oral Epic Studies Aaron Phillip Tate Introduction In modern histories of folklore scholarship, when the topic concerns pioneers of oral epic fieldwork prior to Milman Parry and Albert Lord, no scholars are mentioned more often than Wilhelm Radloff and Matija Murko.1 Though the two worked in different language families and belonged to different scholarly generations (Radloff was nearly a quarter-century older than Murko), the reasons for their influence are well known: Radloff was one of the first to collect oral epics from Turkic-speaking peoples in Russia and Siberia, doing so throughout the 1860s and 1870s, while Murko, in his time as a professor in Vienna, Graz, Leipzig, and Prague, conducted extensive fieldwork in Yugoslav lands among epic and lyric singers as early as 1909 and as late as 1932.2 Today both are regarded as two of the earliest observers of oral epic to have provided substantial firsthand documentary accounts of performances they witnessed in the traditions within which they worked, and both are frequently cited in debates surrounding the role played by oral epic in the twentieth-century form of the “Homeric Question.” What has never before been recognized or discussed, however, is the fact that the two were also personal acquaintances who spent time together in St. -
Herder's Importance As a Philosopher1
HERDER'S IMPORTANCE AS A PHILOSOPHER1 Michael N. Forster Introduction Herder has been sufficiently neglected in recent times, especially among philosophers, to need a few words of introduction. He lived 1744-1803; he was a favorite student of Kant's, and a student and friend of Hamann's; he became a mentor to the young Goethe, on whose development he exercised a profound influence; and he worked, among other things, as a philosopher, literary critic, Bible scholar, and translator. As I mentioned, Herder has been especially neglected by philosophers (with two notable exceptions in the Anglophone world: Isaiah Berlin and Charles Taylor). This 1 This title echoes that of an essay by Charles Taylor, "The Importance of Herder" (in Isaiah Berlin: A Celebration, ed. E. and A. Margalit [Chicago, 1991]), with whose thesis that Herder is an important philosopher I am in strong agreement. However, my arguments for this will for the most part be quite different from Taylor's. In particular, I do not follow, and would indeed strongly disagree with, Taylor's central claim that Herder's seminal contribution lies in his conception of Besonnenheit and of a related linguistic "rightness," as introduced in the Treatise on the Origin of Language of 1772, and that a whole family of further important and novel ideas somehow follows from that one. My title's addition of the qualification "as a philosopher" is not grudging in spirit but on the contrary flags the fact that Herder has claims to importance not only as a philosopher but also in several other disciplines. -
Increasing Cultural Compatibility for Native American Communities
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i at Manoa Vol. 10 (2016), pp. 458–479 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24715 Revised Version Received: 2 May 2016 Series: Emergent Use and Conceptualization of Language Archives Michael Alvarez Shepard, Gary Holton & Ryan Henke (eds.) The Value-Added Language Archive: Increasing Cultural Compatibility for Native American Communities Michael Alvarez Shepard Goucher College Language archives represent a complicated theoretical and practical site of con- vergence for Native American language communities. In this article, I explore how functionality and operation of language archives are misaligned with core sociopolitical priorities for Native American tribes. In particular, I consider how the concept of cultural and political self-determination contextualizes lack of use or resistance to participation in language archiving projects. In addition to critical evaluation, I envision a dramatically expanded role for language archives, with the goal of increasing their cultural and political compatibility for Native American groups and beyond. I use the term, ‘value-added language archive’ to describe an archive with features and support services that address emergent needs of a diverse stakeholder community. 1. Introduction1 The archive as an institution occupies a contested discourse for scholars and members of Native language origin communities alike (Manoff 2004; Mawani 2012). Etymology of the term ‘archive’ stems from a Greek word meaning a place of convergence, where things commence and where authority is commanded (Derrida 1995). Modern archives, including those specific to Native languages, area convergence of power and possibility. -
Salomon Maimon and the Metaphorical Nature of Language
zlom2 12.11.2009 16:02 Stránka 167 Pol Capdevila SALOMON MAIMON AND THE METAPHORICAL NATURE OF LANGUAGE LUCIE PARGAČOVÁ This article is concerned with the metaphorical nature of language in the conception of Salomon Maimon (1753–1800), one of the most distinctive figures of post-Kantian philosophy. He was continuously challenging the theories that attributed a metaphorical character to language, which were widespread in eighteenth-century British, French, and German philosophy. Particularly notable was his attack on Johann Georg Sulzer (1720–1779). The core of the dispute concerned different views on the relationship between the sphere of the senses and the sphere of the intellect. Whereas Sulzer understood them simply as analogical, Maimon dissolved the disparity, convinced that each stems, albeit separately, from the transcendental activity of consciousness. He applied this method of argumentation also in essays on literal meaning and figurative meaning. Salomon Maimon und der metaphorische Charakter der Sprache Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit dem metaphorischen Charakter der Sprache im Denken von Salomon Maimon (1753–1800). Dieser herausragende Vertreter post-kantianischer Philosophie polemisierte wiederholt mit in der britischen, französischen und deutschen Philosophie des 18. Jahrhunderts verbreiteten Theorien, die der Sprache metaphorischen Charakter zuschrieben. Maimons Angriff richtete sich vor allem gegen Johann Georg Sulzer (1720–1779). Der Konflikt drehte sich um verschiedene Auffassungen der Beziehung zwischen dem Bereich des Sinnlichen und dem des Intelligiblen: Während Sulzer diese Bereiche unproblematisch als einander analog verstand, löste Maimon ihre Unterschied- lichkeit auf, da er überzeugt war, dass beide der transzendentalen Tätigkeit des Bewusst- seins entspringen. Diese Argumentationlinie verfolgte er auch in seinen Überlegungen zur eigentlichen und uneigentlichen Bedeutung.