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Latin American Critical Thought Latin American Critical Thought: Theory and Practice / Compilado Por Alberto L Jorge Arzate Salgado Este libro contiene una serie de trabajos que desdoblan el sentido Latin American Jorge Arzate Salgado de la pobreza como carencia, es decir, presentan las situaciones Doctor en Sociología (Universidad de Salamanca). Doctor en Sociología (Universidad de Salamanca). de pobreza en tanto que formas de vida. Para la tarea se acude al Docente e investigador en la Facultad de Ciencias Docente e investigador en la Facultad de Ciencias uso de categorías sociológicas como la de clase, género, espacio Critical Thought Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma del Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma del regional, etnia, estructura social. Cada texto presenta una versión Estado de México. Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Estado de México. Miembro del Sistema Nacional de crítica de lo que es la reproducción de la pobreza, por lo que ésta Investigadores. Ha publicado más de cincuenta Investigadores. Ha publicado más de cincuenta es descentrada de su orden estadístico y es colocada como Theory and Practice trabajos académicos y ha sido conferencista en trabajos académicos y ha sido conferencista en referencia a un sistema de relaciones sociales y económicas diversos países de Iberoamérica. diversos países de Iberoamérica. situadas históricamente. Los actores aparecen no sólo como reproductores pasivos de las situaciones de carencia, sino Alicia B. Gutiérrez Alicia B. Gutiérrez como sujetos activos que construyen su tiempo vital, sus Doctora en Sociología (EHSS) y Doctora en Antropología instituciones sociales y económicas, así como su cultura. Esta Doctora en Sociología (EHSS) y Doctora en Antropología (UBA), Profesora Titular Regular de Sociología (UNC), capacidad de praxis implica la existencia de un sistema de (UBA), Profesora Titular Regular de Sociología (UNC), Investigadora de CONICET y Directora del Programa de relaciones de poder-dominación, lo que supone pensar en forma Investigadora de CONICET y Directora del Programa de Investigaciones “Reproducción social y dominación: convergente la pobreza y las diversas formas de violencia que Investigaciones “Reproducción social y dominación: la perspectiva de Bourdieu”. Ha publicado libros, aparecen en la vida cotidiana de los sujetos. Vale destacar la perspectiva de Bourdieu”. Ha publicado libros, capítulos de libros y artículos como autora y como que cada capítulo es, al mismo tiempo, una propuesta capítulos de libros y artículos como autora y como traductora. metodológica, teórica y normativa que da luz sobre eso que traductora. denominamos reproducción de la pobreza. Cada caso es una Josefina Huamán apuesta original y está comprometida con la sociedad: son Josefina Huamán una serie de trabajos críticos frente a la perpetuación de la Aníbal Quijano | Álvaro García Linera Licenciada en Sociología (Pontificia Universidad Licenciada en Sociología (Pontificia Universidad pobreza y su sistema de poder-dominación que la hace posible Jaime Antonio Preciado Coronado | Pablo Uc Católica del Perú) con estudios de Maestría en como ciclo histórico. Católica del Perú) con estudios de Maestría en Sociología en la misma Universidad. Profesora Eduardo Grüner | Marilena Chaui | Emir Sader Sociología en la misma Universidad. Profesora ordinaria de la PUCP, miembro de la Coordinación Rafael Correa | Theotonio dos Santos ordinaria de la PUCP, miembro de la Coordinación Nacional de la Conferencia Nacional de desarrollo Nacional de la Conferencia Nacional de desarrollo Social CONADES, Coordinadora del Capítulo Perú de José Vicente Tavares dos Santos Social CONADES, Coordinadora del Capítulo Perú de la Plataforma Internacional de Derechos Humanos, la Plataforma Internacional de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Desarrollo. Vice Decana Nacional del Democracia y Desarrollo. Vice Decana Nacional del Colegio de Sociólogos del Perú. Autora de varios libros Colegio de Sociólogos del Perú. Autora de varios libros sobre políticas sociales y pobreza. sobre políticas sociales y pobreza. Latin AmericanCritical Thought: Theory and Practice Compiler Committee ‘Critical Thought: Theory and Practice’ AAS Asociación Argentina de Sociología COLECCIÓN SUR-SUR LATIN AMERICAN CRITICAL THOUGHT Latin American Critical Thought: Theory and Practice / compilado por Alberto L. Bialakowsky ... [et al.]. - 1a ed. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires : CLACSO, 2012. E-Book. ISBN 978-987-1891-05-4 1. Ensayo Sociológico. I. Bialakowsky, Alberto L. , comp. CDD 301 Others indexing terms (descriptors) assigned by the Virtual Library of CLACSO: Critical Thinking / Sociology / Good Life / International Relations / Coloniality / Culture / Democracy / Globalization / Left / Latin America Otros descriptores asignados por la Biblioteca Virtual de CLACSO: Pensamiento crítico / Sociología / Buen vivir / Relaciones internacionales / Colonialidad /Cultura / Democracia / Globalización / Izquierda / América Latina South-South Collection LATIN AMERICAN CRITICAL THOUGHT Theory and Practice Aníbal Quijano Álvaro García Linera Jaime Antonio Preciado Coronado Pablo Uc Eduardo Grüner Marilena Chaui Emir Sader Rafael Correa Theotonio dos Santos José Vicente Tavares dos Santos Compiler Committee ‘Critical Thought: Theory and Practice’ Alberto L. Bialakowsky | Pablo Gentili | Paulo Henrique Martins | Silvia Lago Martínez | Marcelo Langieri | Carolina Mera | María Victoria Mutti | Alicia I. Palermo | Lucas Sablich | Federico Schuster | Beatriz Wehle AAS Asociación Argentina de Sociología Responsible Editor Emir Sader | Executive Secretary of CLACSO Academic Coordinator Pablo Gentili | Deputy Executive Secretary of CLACSO South-South Programme (Programa Sur-Sur) Coordinator Carolina Mera | Coordinator of the International Relations Area of CLACSO Assistant María Victoria Mutti Editorial Production & Web Contents Area Chief Editor Lucas Sablich Art Director Marcelo Giardino English Editor Eugenia Cervio Production Fluxus Estudio Print Gráfica Laf SRL First edition Latin American Critical Thought. Theory and Practice (Buenos Aires: CLACSO, August, 2012) ISBN 978-987-1891-05-4 © Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales Queda hecho el depósito que establece la Ley 11.723. CLACSO Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales - Conselho Latino-americano de Ciências Sociais (Latin American Council of Social Sciences) Estados Unidos 1168 | C1101AAX Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina Tel. [54 11] 4304 9145 | Fax [54 11] 4305 0875 | <[email protected]> | <www.clacso.org> Sponsored by the Swedish International Development Agency This book is available in full text on the Web Virtual Library of CLACSO <www.biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar> No reproduction in whole or part of this book, or stored in a computer system, or its transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. The responsibility for opinions expressed in books, articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with the signing authors, and publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Secretariat of CLACSO. CONTENts Introduction Latin American Critical Thought: Theory and Practice 9 Aníbal Quijano ‘Live Well’: Between the ‘Development’ and the Descoloniality of Power 15 Álvaro García Linera Indigenous Autonomies and the Multinational State 27 Jaime Antonio Preciado Coronado and Pablo Uc Cuba and the New Inter-American System 83 Eduardo Grüner The Gaze of / on the Other. Sartre, Pasolini and the European Cultural Fascination for the Third World 105 Marilena Chaui Culture and Democracy 117 Emir Sader Orphans of Strategy? 139 Rafael Correa Speech in Commemoration of FLACSO’s 50th Anniversary 209 Theotonio dos Santos What Kind of Basic Changes do We Need in the New World System? Some reflections on Globalization, Development and Social Justice 219 José Vicente Tavares dos Santos Contemporary Latin American Sociology and the Challenges for an International Dialogue 237 INTRODuctiON LATIN AMERican CRITical THOUGHT: TheoRY AND PRacTICE Si la libertad existiera, sería un verbo. Si el puño permaneciera, sería un mástil. Si la causa no feneciera, sería una esperanza... A. L. B.* THE RESURGENCE OF LatIN AMERICAN CRITICAL thought in the late 1990s and the early twenty-first century has brought about some discoveries that distinguish it from the sociological production of the world. It is a scientific framework that has taken on the features of a new social scientific paradigm. A growing number of authors have aligned themselves with this perspective, with visions that include critical read- ings geared to contributing to transformative social change, in a Latin American context. Thus, we ask ourselves: What are the characteristics that distinguish Latin American critical thought and give it its identity? What are its germinal features and what are its unresolved matters? A distinguishing feature of this thought is its belonging to social sciences, particularly sociology and its traditions of critical theory, whose roots, as Gramsci said, do not come from fundamentalist op- position but rather from the acquisition of scientific certainty on the basis of critical analysis. In scientific discussion […] To understand and to evaluate realistically one’s adversary’s position and his reasons (and sometimes one’s adver- * If freedom existed, it would be a verb. / If the fist persisted, it would be a flagpole. / If the cause did not expire, it would be a hope. / If fists persisted, they would be flagpoles. / If causes did not expire, they would be hopes. A. L. B 9 LATIN AMERican CRITical
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