2018
ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK DRAFT REPORT
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PREPARED BY
19 THE CREST BUSSINESS PARK DAWOOD CLOSE BALLITO 44220 CELL: 072 237 2929 TEL: 032 586 0582 EMAIL: [email protected]
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TABLE OF CONTENTS’
1. BACKGROUND ...... 13
1.2 STUDY OBJECTIVES ...... 16
1.3 STUDY APPROACH ...... 17
1.4 DELINEATION OF THE STUDY AREA ...... 18
1.5 DEFINITION OF THE SPATIAL DVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK (SDF) ...... 18
1.6 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK, INTERGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND BUDGET ALIGNMENT ...... 19
2. THE LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY ENVIRONMENT – RECOGNITION & INTERGRATION ...... 20
2.1 NATIONAL POLICIES ...... 20
2.1.1 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, 1996 ...... 20
2.1.2 THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2030 VISION ...... 20
2.1.3 NATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE ...... 24
2.1.4 THE NEW GROWTH PATH ...... 25
2.1.5 COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ...... 26
2.1.6 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS ...... 27
2.1.7 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT, 1998 ACT 107 OF 1998 ...... 28
2.1.8 NATIONAL HOUSING ACT, 1997 ACT NO. 107 OF 1997 AND NATIONAL HOUSING CODE ...... 28
2.1.9 THE NATIONAL LAND TRANSPORT TRANSITION ACT, 2000 ACT 22 OF 2000 ...... 28
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2.1.10 SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ACT NO. 16 OF 2013 ...... 29
2.2 PROVINCIAL POLICIES ...... 30
2.2.1 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL PLANNING ...... 30
2.2.2. PROVINCIAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ...... 31
2.2.3 SUBDIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND ACT 70 OF 1970 ...... 33
2.2.4 DEVELOPMENT AND FACILITATION ACT, 1995 ...... 34
2.2.5 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ...... 34
2.2.6 STRATEGIC INTEGRATED PROGRAMME ...... 36
2.2.7 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL PLANNING ...... 38
2.2.8 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT VISION ...... 38
2.3 DISTRICT POLICIES ...... 45
2.3.1 ZULULAND DISTRICT SDF ...... 45
2.3.2 ZULULAND DISTRICT SECTOR PLANS ...... 45
2.3.1 ULUNDI SECTOR PLANS ...... 46
3. SPATIAL INTERPRETATION OF THE IDP ...... 48
3.1 MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT VISION ...... 48
3.2 SPATIAL INTERPRETATION OF THE IDP VISION ...... 48
3.2.1 SPATIAL ALIGNMENT BETWEEN DISTRICT AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT VISION ...... 48
3.3 MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT MISSION ...... 50 ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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3.4 SECTORAL STRATEGIES WITH SPATIAL MANIFESTATION...... 51
4. STATUS QUO ANALYSIS ...... 56
4.1 AVAILABLE BASE INFORMATION ...... 56
4.1.2 STATISTICAL VARIATIONS ...... 57
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ...... 57
4.2.1 SLOPE ANALYSIS ...... 57
4.2.2 CATCHMENT AREAS ...... 58
4.2.3 PRECIPITATION ...... 58
4.2.4 TOPOGRAPHY ...... 58
4.2.5 RIVER ECOSYSTEM STATUS ...... 59
4.2.6 EVAPORATION ...... 59
4.2.7 LAND COVER ...... 59
4.2.8 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS/CRITICAL BIODIVERSITY ...... 61
4.2.9 LAND REFORM ...... 61
4.2.10 HUMAN FOOTPRINT ...... 63
4.3 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (SEA) ...... 63
4.3.1 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES ...... 66
4.3.2 ELIMINATING INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES ...... 66
4.3.3 REHABILITATION OF LANDFILL SITE AND RECYCLING ...... 66 ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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5. DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS ...... 73
5.1 HUMAN RESOURCES ...... 73
5.1.1 POPULATION ...... 73
5.1.2 POPULATION & AGE DISTRIBUTION...... 76
5.1.3 HOUSEHOLD SIZE ...... 77
5.1.4 HOUSEHOLD DENSITY ...... 79
5.1.5 POPULATION & GENDER DISTRIBUTION ...... 80
5.1.6 LAND TENURE ...... 80
5.1.7 LAND OWNERSHIP ...... 82
5.1.8 SETTLEMENT PATTERN ...... 82
5.1.10 INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL LAND ALLOCATION PROCESSES WITH MUNICIPAL SPATIAL PLANNING ...... 83
5.1.11 URBAN EDGE ...... 83
5.1.12 SETTLEMENT EDGE ...... 83
5.2 HEALTH FACILITIES ...... 86
5.2.1 HOSPITALS ...... 86
5.2.2 CLINICS ...... 86
5.3 LEVELS OF EDUCATION ...... 89
5.4 POLICE SERVICES ...... 92
5.5 TRANSPORTATION NETWORK ...... 92 ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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5.5.1 PRINCE MANGOSUTHU BUTHELEZI AIRPORT ...... 94
5.6 WATER AND SANITATION ...... 98
5.6.1 WATER PROVISION ...... 98
5.6.2 FREE BASIC WATER ...... 99
5.7 SANITATION PROVISION ...... 99
5.8 ELETRICITY NETWORK ...... 103
5.8.1 ELETRICITY ENERGY ...... 103
5.8.2 RENEWABLE ENERGY ...... 104
5.8.3 WASTE REMOVAL AND SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ...... 105
6. ECONOMIOC RESOURCES ...... 107
6.1 INCOME DISTRIBUTION ...... 107
6.2 AGRICULTURE ...... 109
6.2.1 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES ...... 110
6.3 TOURISM RESOURCES ...... 113
6.4 INDUSTRIAL RESOURCES ...... 115
6.5 BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL RESOURCES ...... 115
6.6 ECONOMIC POTENTIAL ...... 115
6.7 CAPITAL INVESTMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 116
6.8 CLIMATE CHANGE ...... 117 ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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6.9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT ...... 118
6.10 WATER MANAGEMENT ...... 118
7. SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT AND STRATEGY ...... 120
7.1 MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT VISION ...... 120
7.2 SPATIAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES ...... 121
7.2.1 KEY PLANNING PRINCIPLES ...... 122
7.2.2 EMERGING DEVELOPMENT ISSUES ...... 122
7.3 MAIN PERFORMANCE QUALITIES ...... 124
7.3.1 MAXIMISED ACCESSIBILITY ...... 124
7.3.2 SPATIAL EQUITY ...... 124
7.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY / EFFICIENCY ...... 124
7.4 THE CORE SPATIAL CONCEPT ...... 125
7.5 SPATIAL INTEGRATION ...... 125
7.6 SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION ...... 126
7.7 KEY SPATIAL STRATEGIES ...... 126
7.7.1 SUPPORTING AN EFFICIENT MOVEMENT SYSTEM ...... 127
7.7.2 ENCOURAGING STRONG AND VIABLE NODES ...... 127
7.7.3 SUPPORTING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN APPROPRIATE LOCATIONS ...... 127
7.7.4 SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ...... 127 ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ...... 128
9. AREAS OF POTENTIAL INTERVENTION...... 131
9.1 NODES ...... 131
9.2 URBAN AND RURAL NODES ...... 132
10. CROSS BORDER ALIGNEMENT ...... 136
10.1 ZULULAND DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY ...... 136
10.2 ABAQULUSI LOCAL MUNUCIPALITY SDF ...... 138
10.3 NONGOMA MUNICIPAL SDF ...... 140
10.4 MTHONJANENI MUNICIPALITY SDF ...... 142
10.5 NTAMBANANA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF ...... 144
10.6 NQUTU MUNICIPALITY SDF...... 146
10.7 NKANDLA MUNICIPALITY SDF ...... 148
10.8 HLABISA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF ...... 150
11. LAND USE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ...... 152
11.1 RELATIONSHIP OF THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK TO LAND USE MANAGEMENT...... 152
11.2 SUMMARY OF GUIDELINES FOR GROWTH BOUNDARIES TYPES ...... 153
11.3 DETAILED RESEARCH AND PLANNING ...... 154
11.6 CROSS BORDER CO-ORDINATION ...... 157
11.2 SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ACT ...... 158 ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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11.2.1 GUIDELINES TO THE PREPARATION OF A MUNICIPAL WIDE LAND USE SCHEME ...... 158
12. CONCLUSION ...... 163
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1: ULUND AND ZDM IDP
TABLE 2:SPATIAL ELEMENTS OF VISION ULUNDI IDP
TABLE3 :KPA & OBJECTIVES
TABLE 4 :TABLE OF DOCUMENTS ULUNDI LM IDP
TABLE 5 :LAND COVER ULUNDI LM IDP
TABLE6: SEA KEY ISSUES :ZDM IDP
TABLE 7 : POPULATION FROM 2011 TO 2016
TABLE 8 :POPULATION INDICATOR ULUNDI IDP
TABLE 9 :FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
TABLE 10 : ENERGY SOURCE FOR LIGHTING (2016)
TABLE 11: ENERGY SOURCE FOR LIGHTING (2016)
TABLE 12 :ESKOM ELECTRICAL PRIORITIZATION MODEL
TABLE 13 : DEVELOPMENT GROWTH BOUNDARIES
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 : SDF CYCLE
FIGURE 2 : AREAS OF NATIONAL ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE: PERCENTAGE OF NATIONAL GVA ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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FIGURER 3 PROVINCIAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY (PGDS)
FIGURE 4 : NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN: 2016
FIGURE 5LAND REFORM ULUNDI IDP 2017/2018
FIGURE 6 : AGE DISTRIBUTION
FIGURE 7 : TOTAL POPULATION ULUNDI IDP
FIGURE 8 : AGE DISTRIBUTION
FIGURE 9: AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE
FIGURE10 : HOUSEHOLDS HEADED BY CHILDREN ULUNDI IDP
FIGURE 8: GENDER RATIO
FIGURE 9: AGE DISTRIBUTION
FIGURE 10: MODE OF TRANSPORT
FIGURE 11: ACCESS TO PIPED WATER
FIGURE 12: COMMUNITY ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES
FIGURE 13 : ESKOM ELECTRICAL PRIORITIZATION MODEL
FIGURE 15: EMPLOYMENT STATUS
FIGURE 16: ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD INCOMES
FIGURE 17: EMPLOYMENT STATUS (15YRS – 65YRS)(2011)
ANDEDUM
MAP 1: LOCALITY PLAN ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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MAP 2 : ZULULAND DISTRICT SDF
MAP 3 : SLOPE ANALYSI
MAP 4: CATCHMENT AREAS
MAP 5: PRECIPITATION
MAP 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS/CRITICAL BIODIVERS
MAP 7: POPULATION
MAP 8 : SETTLEMENT PATTERN
MAP 9 : LAND TENURE
MAP 10 : HEALTH FACILITIES : HOSPITALS
MAP 11 : HEALTH FACILITIES : CLINICS
MAPS 12 : EDUCATION FACILITIES: PRIMARY SCHOOLS
MAPS 13 : EDUCATION FACILITIES: SECONDARY SCHOOLS
MAPS 14 : POLICE STATION
MAPS 15 : SOCIAL SERVICES
MAPS 16 : TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
MAPS 17 : WATER PROVISION
MAPS 18: SANITATION PROVISION
MAPS 19 : ELECTRICITY / ENERGY
MAPS 20 : AGRICULTURE ULUNDI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF-STATUS QUO MARCH 2018
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MAPS 21 : TOURISM
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1. BACKGROUND
The Ulundi Municipality enlisted the services of Ilungelo Lami to assist the municipality with the review of the existing SDF and preparation of a detailed Spatial Development Framework (SDF) for the entire municipal area.
The Ulundi Municipality requires an SDF which will seek to establish a sound strategic and innovative approach which is realistic, collaboratively informed and providing sound land management guidance. Such an approach deviates from the traditional norm of creating SDFs which are descriptive of the status quo and lacking in strategic direction which hinders implementation. From the terms of reference it is understood that the required SDF should as a minimum document:
The broad brush mapping of the existing kinds of ownership across the municipal area;
Development pressures;
Spatial possibilities for densification
Analyse the possibilities for an approach to development of private land.
Access and barriers to services;
Existing planning initiatives within the study area;
Socio-economic trends;
Possible tourism potential;
Stakeholder needs analysis;
Existing land uses;
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Landscape and spatial syntax issues;
Opportunities of sharing boarders with all municipalities with an emphasis on areas along boarders that can be jointly developed;
strengthening of primary and secondary nodes and corridors where appropriate; and
Other strategic information the Municipality, Service Provider and Steering Committee may feel will inform the SDF.
An analysis of the institutional, social, economic and ecological environment
Core Mapping and any model based analysis that the team may feel will add value to and assist in developing a creative and innovative SDF;
Sound empirical analysis of the coastal and inland character of the area analysis; and
Any other factors that the Municipality, Service Provider and Steering Committee considers to be important to the Analysis Phase of the project.
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MAP 1: LOCALITY PLAN
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1.2 STUDY OBJECTIVES
The main objective of the project is to review and update the Spatial Development Framework (SDF) which was last reviewed in 2007 in order to address spatial, environmental and economic issues confronting the Ulundi Municipality.
This process will be guided by, and comply with a number of legislative pieces which include the Municipal Systems Act and the Municipal Planning and Performance Management Regulations, 2001, read together with the Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act, 2013 (Act 16 of 2013). The required SDF must therefore-
1) give effect to the principles contained in chapter 1 of the Development Facilitation Act 1995 (Act No. of 67 1995);
2) set out objectives that reflects desired- spatial form of the municipality;
3) contain strategies, policies and plans which must-
• Indicate desired patterns of land use within the municipality;
• Address the spatial reconstruction of the location and nature of development within the municipality; and
• Provide strategic guidance in respect of the location and nature of development within the municipality;
4) set out basic guidelines for land use management system in the municipality;
5) contain a strategic assessment of the environmental impact of the SDF;
6) identify programs and projects for the development of land within the municipality;
7) be aligned with the SDFs reflected in the integrated development plans of neighbouring municipalities; and
8) provide a visual representation of the desired spatial form of the municipality, which representation:
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• must indicate where public and private land development and infrastructure investment should take place;
• must indicate desired or undesired utilisation of space in a particular area;
• delineate the urban edge;
• must identify areas where strategic intervention is required; and
• must indicate areas where priority spending is required
1.3 STUDY APPROACH
The approach and execution of this study is guided by the following key principles; 3. Rural Specific: Considering, promoting and developing the rural character of the municipality, while ensuring a co-ordination between the urban-rural continuum and the interdependencies of the rural economies and the urban and peri-urban centres.
1. Integration: Using the spatial basis of the study for a) the integration of development intention between the municipality and surrounding municipalities including the district municipality, b) the physical integration of fragmented areas within the municipality towards improved economic imputes and service delivery and c) sectoral integration of various public and private contributors and departments toward co- ordinated development of individual projects.
2. Strategic Direction: Providing strategic analysis and direction to the effective utilisation of land within the municipality towards social, economic and environmental development while address current and historic deficiencies and providing future spatial direction within the context of the unique spatial structure of the municipality.
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3. Land Use Management: Ensuring that the SDF serves as an effective intermediate between the development intentions within municipality and the practical and responsible management of land uses. Thus providing sufficient intended land use direction to the further development of the land use management system and future planning schemes within the municipality.
1.4 DELINEATION OF THE STUDY AREA
The Ulundi Municipality is one of the five Local Authorities within the Zululand District Municipality, which is situated within the north-east of KwaZulu-Natal
The Ulundi Local Municipality is located on the southern boundary of the District Municipality.
The study area for this project will include the entire Municipal jurisdiction area of the Ulundi Local Municipality.
The Ulundi Municipality area is approximately 3250 square kilometers in extent and includes the following Traditional Authorities:
• Buthelezi, • Hlatshwayo • Jama • Lukhwazi, • Ntuli • Mbatha
• Mpungose • Ndebele • Ntombela • Usuthu • Ximba • Zungu.
1.5 DEFINITION OF THE SPATIAL DVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK (SDF) The Spatial Development Framework is a process through which a municipality prepares its medium to long-term strategic spatial development plan for its area of jurisdiction. The SDF serves as a principal strategic spatial planning instrument, which guides and informs all planning, land management, development and spatial decision-making in a municipality. It is a component of an Integrated Development Plan (IDP) and aims to create a spatial interpretation of the strategies and projects already contained within the IDP.
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The SDF is also a transformation tool. It guides the form and location of future spatial development in a manner that addresses the imbalances of the past. It is a legislative requirement and this gives it a legal status. SDF should resonate with the national and provincial spatial development priorities. It enables the municipality to manage its land resources in a developmental and sustainable manner. It provides an analysis of the spatial problems and provides strategies and programs to address the challenges. In summary, the SDF has the following benefits:
- It facilitates effective use of scarce land resources;
- It facilitates decision - making regarding the location of service delivery projects;
- It guides public and private sector investment;
- It strengthens democracy and spatial transformation;
- It promotes intergovernmental coordination on spatial issues.
- It serves as a framework for the development of detailed Land Use Management Systems.
The SDF defines and facilitates a progressive move towards the attainment of the desired spatial structure.
1.6 SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK, INTERGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND BUDGET ALIGNMENT The SDF gives effect to the intentions of the IDP and provides a framework for the formulation of area and even site specific land use controls as part of the scheme. It provides a spatial depiction of the strategic intent of the municipality and expenditure patterns through a capital investment framework thus linking directly with both the IDP and the budget.
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2. THE LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY ENVIRONMENT – RECOGNITION & INTERGRATION
2.1 NATIONAL POLICIES
2.1.1 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, 1996
The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. The Bill of Rights enshrines the rights of all people in our country and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality, and freedom. - Section 24: Everyone has the right to an environment, which is not harmful to their health or well‐being. - Section 26 (1): Everyone has the right to have access to adequate housing. - Section 152 spelling out the objectives of local government as insuring access to at least basic services and facilitating economic development within a framework of financial sustainability.
2.1.2 THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2030 VISION
The National Development Plan is the overarching plan which supersedes all development plans on all spheres of government. It aims to alleviate the three ills which were caused by Apartheid planning laws, these are namely: the elimination of poverty, reducing inequality and resolving issues of unemployment.
Since the first democratic elections in 1994 a number of policies have been introduced to resolve the social imbalances of the past, however two decades later South Africa still consists of a highly unequal society, which is highly impoverished and over populated by unemployed individuals. Apartheid spatial segregation is still evident on most landscapes, continuing to determine the life opportunities for the vast majority. The NDP attempts to redress these issues through promoting faster growth of the economy, gender equality and ensuring that young people in particular get access to educational, social and economic opportunities.
As a consequence of the Apartheid Policies Ulundi municipality is home to the poor with a landscape characterized by urban sprawl and a housing typology of detached, single family housing. The policies created fragmented and isolated communities located far from job opportunities and
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The following are the objectives of the NDP which might contribute to the development of Ulundi Municipality
2.1.2.1 ECONOMY AND EMPLOYEMENT
• Reduce the cost of living for poor households and costs of doing business through microeconomic reforms.
• Remove the most pressing constraints on growth, investment and job creation, including energy generation and distribution, urban planning etc.
2.1.2.2 ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE
• Ensure that all people have access to clean, potable water and that there is enough water for agriculture and industry, recognizing the trade-offs in the use of water.
• The proportion of people who use public transport for regular commutes will expand significantly. By 2030, public transport will be user- friendly, less environmentally damaging, cheaper and integrated or seamless
• Competitively priced and widely available broadband.
2.1.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE
• Improved disaster preparedness for extreme climate events.
• Increased investment in new agricultural technologies, research and the development of adaptation strategies for the protection of rural livelihoods and expansion of commercial agriculture.
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2.1.2.4 INCLUSIVE RURAL ECONOMY
• An additional 643 000 direct jobs and 326 000 indirect jobs in the agriculture, agro- processing and related sectors by 2030.
• Create tenure security for communal farmers, especially women; investigate different forms of financing and vesting of private property rights to land reform beneficiaries that does not hamper beneficiaries with a high debt burden.
• Rural economies will be activated through improved infrastructure and service delivery, a review of land tenure, service to small and micro farmers, a review of mining industry commitments to social investment, and tourism investments.
2.1.2.5 TRANSFORMING HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
• Upgrade all informal settlements on suitable, well located land by 2030.
• More people living closer to their places of work
• Strong and efficient spatial planning system, well integrated across the spheres of government.
2.1.2.6 IMPROVING EDUCATION, TRAINING AND INNOVATION
• Make early childhood development a top priority among the measures to improve the quality of education and long-term prospects of future generations.
• Eradicate infrastructure backlogs and ensure that all schools meet the minimum standards by 2016.
• Provide 1 million learning opportunities through Community Education and Training Centres
2.1.2.7 HEALTH CARE FOR ALL
• Increase average male and female life expectancy at birth to 70 years
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• Deploy primary healthcare teams provide care to families and communities
• Everyone must have access to an equal standard of care, regardless of their income.
• Fill posts with skilled, committed and competent individuals.
2.1.2.8 SOCIAL PROTECTION
• Ensure progressively and through multiple avenues that no one lives below a defined minimum social floor.
• Address problems such as hunger, malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies that affect physical growth and cognitive development, especially among children.
• Provide income support to the unemployed through various active labour market initiatives such as public works programmers, training and skills development, and other labour market related incentives.
2.1.2.9 FIGHTING CORRUPTION
• A corruption-free society, a high adherence to ethics throughout society and a government that is accountable to its people.
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FIGURE 2 : Areas of National Economic Significance: Percentage of National GVA
2.1.3 NATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE
The National Spatial Development Perspective (NSDP) was an initiative by the National Government to provide direction and guidelines for spatial planning in order to ensure the eradication of the spatially segregated growth pattern that still exists today. The key objectives of the NSDP are to:
Provide a framework within which to discuss the future development of the national space economy by reflecting the localities of severe deprivation and need, of resource potential, of infrastructure endowment and of current and potential economic activity by describing the key social, economic and natural resource trends and issues shaping the national geography.
Act as a common reference point for national, provincial and local governments to analyse and debate the comparative development potentials of localities in the country by providing a coarse-grained national mapping of potential.
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Identify key areas of tension and/or priority in achieving positive spatial outcomes with government infrastructure investment and development spending
Provide national government’s strategic response to the above for a given time frame. The NSDP is built on four basic principles which are applied to reach the above mentioned objectives.
These principles are:
Principle 1: Rapid economic growth that is sustained and inclusive as a prerequisite for the achievement of poverty alleviation
Principle 2: Government spending on fixed investment should be focused on localities of economic growth and / or economic potential in order to gear up private sector investment, stimulate sustainable economic activities and create long-term employment opportunities
Principle 3: Where low economic potential exists investments should be directed at projects and programmes to address poverty and the provision of basic services in order to address past and current social inequalities
Principle 4: In order to overcome the spatial distortions of Apartheid, future settlement and economic development opportunities should be channelled into activity corridors and nodes that are adjacent to or link the main growth centres in order for them to become regional gateways to the global economy.
2.1.4 THE NEW GROWTH PATH The New Growth Path identifies areas where employment creation is possible, both within conventional economic sectors and in cross-cutting activities. It thus identifies “fostering rural development and regional integration” as one of the five key job drivers. The other four are:
Substantial public investment in infrastructure.
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Targeting more labour-absorbing activities across the main economic sectors - the agricultural and mining value chains, manufacturing and services.
Taking advantage of new opportunities in the knowledge and green economies.
Leveraging social capital in the social economy and the public services.
A critical element of the New Growth Path is to ensure that the drivers leverage and reinforce each other based on their inter-linkages.
It further notes that while urbanisation will continue, a significant share of the population will remain in rural areas, engaged in the rural economy. As such, enhancing rural employment in Ulundi requires the preparation of a spatial perspective that sets out the opportunities available and the choices that have potential to form the basis for aligning government spending, infrastructure and housing investment and economic development initiatives.
2.1.5 COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME The Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP) acknowledges that the poverty landscape and lack of services in the rural areas of the country has not adequately shifted much since 2001. This is because the areas identified as distressed areas by both ISRDP and other programmes mirror the work done by the Department of Co-operative Government and Traditional Affairs in the State of Local Government Report (2009) and the Municipal Turn Around Strategy. The CRDP is implemented at a national level with the goal to create vibrant, equitable and sustainable rural communities. CRDP seeks to maximize the use and management of natural resources to create vibrant, equitable and sustainable rural communities. This includes:
contributing to the redistribution of 30% of the country’s agricultural land;
improving food security of the rural poor; and
creation of business opportunities, de-congesting and
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rehabilitation of over-crowded former homeland areas.
In line with the CRDP, Ulundi Municipality SDF will, in the short to medium term, prioritize the revitalization of rural towns, stimulation of agricultural production with a view to contributing to food security, and aggressive implementation of land and agrarian reform policies. In the long-term, it will provide for the transformation of rural settlements into efficient, generative and sustainable settlements. This includes the protection of natural resources and identification of areas with potential for investment and job creation.
2.1.6 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS The Comprehensive Plan for the development of Sustainable Human Settlements (August 2004) promotes the achievement of a non-racial, integrated society through the development of sustainable human settlements and quality housing. This program seeks to use housing delivery as a means for the development of sustainable human settlements in support of spatial restructuring. It moves beyond the provision of basic shelter towards achieving the broader vision of integrated, sustainable and economically generative human settlement systems at both local and regional scales. The following are fundamental tenets and underlying principles of this new approach:
progressive informal settlement eradication;
promoting densification and integration in urban centres;
enhancing spatial planning in both urban and rural contexts;
enhancing the quality and location of new housing projects;
supporting urban renewal programmes; and
developing social and economic infrastructure.
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2.1.7 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT, 1998 ACT 107 OF 1998 Establishes principles for decision‐making on matters affecting the environment.
- Development must be socially, environmentally, and economically sustainable. - Equal access to environmental resources, benefits, and services to meet basic human needs. - The utmost caution should be used when permission for new developments is granted.
2.1.8 NATIONAL HOUSING ACT, 1997 ACT NO. 107 OF 1997 AND NATIONAL HOUSING CODE To provide for the facilitation of a sustainable housing development process and to lay down general principles applicable to housing development. - Prioritise the housing needs of the poor. - Provide as wide a choice of housing and tenure options as is reasonably possible. - Be economically, fiscally, socially and financially affordable and sustainable. - Be based on integrated development planning. - Consider and address the impact on the environment. - Socially and economically viable communities. - Safe and healthy living conditions. - Racial, social, economic and physical integration in urban and rural areas. - Effective functioning of the housing market and level playing fields. - Higher densities and the economical utilisation of land and services. - Community and recreational facilities in residential areas.
2.1.9 THE NATIONAL LAND TRANSPORT TRANSITION ACT, 2000 ACT 22 OF 2000 The purpose of the act is to provide for the transformation and restructuring of the national land transport system of the country. - Land transport planning must be integrated with the land development process. - Enhance the effective functioning of cities, towns and rural areas through integrated planning of transport infrastructure and facilities. - Direct employment opportunities and activities, mixed land uses and high density residential development into high utilisation public transport corridors interconnected through development nodes within the corridors. - Discourage urban sprawl where public transport services are inadequate.
- Give priority to infilling and densification along public transport corridors. - Enhance accessibility to public transport services and facilities.
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2.1.10 SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ACT NO. 16 OF 2013 The role of local government in spatial planning has been re-energized through the introduction of the Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act No. 16 of 2013 (commonly known as SPLUMA). The intention of this national legislation is to introduce the norms and standards for spatial planning and to specify the relationship between spatial planning and land use management. This is intended to create uniformity and consistency on the manner in which both spatial planning and land use management is practiced within the whole country. Chapter 4 of SPLUMA stipulate the need to prepare Spatial Development Frameworks (SDFs) by all municipalities. Part D (19) stipulates that the regional spatial development framework must cover the following minimum issues:
(a) give effect to the development principles and applicable norms and standards
(b) give effect to national and provincial policies, priorities, plans and planning legislation;
(c) reflect the current state of affairs in that area from a spatial and land use perspective of the region; (d) indicate desired patterns of land use in that area;
(e) provide basic guidelines for spatial planning, land development and land use management in that area; (f) propose how the framework is to be implemented and funded; and
(g) comply with environmental legislation.
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FIGURER 3 Provincial Growth and Development Strategy (PGDS) have been reviewed and had a spatial component on it. More detailed spatial planning guidelines were incorporated into the Rural Development White Paper for KwaZulu-Natal which introduced the Rural Service Centre system (RSC), which is now widely used in the province as an approach to regional spatial planning.
2.2 PROVINCIAL POLICIES
2.2.1 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL PLANNING
The spatial economy of KwaZulu-Natal Province is characterized by extreme levels of uneven development and spatially defined dualisms between the three urban commercial industrial manufacturing centres of Durban, Pietermaritzburg, Richards Bay on the one hand, and the poverty stricken and underdeveloped rural hinterland of the former KwaZulu Bantustans (now tribal areas) on the other. As such, the provincial spatial structure is
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2.2.2. PROVINCIAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
The Provincial Growth and development Strategy supersedes all provincial strategies in achieving growth and development in the Province to the year 2030. The PGDS attempts to provide the province with a rational strategic framework for accelerated and shared economic growth, through catalytic and developmental interventions. Furthermore its strategy accommodates an equitable spatial development architecture, which is people-centered with specific attention to the impoverished majority, as well as sustainable communities, livelihoods and living environments.
The PGDS informs the Provincial Growth and Development Plan, which is an implementation action plan to achieve the goals of the PGDS for the year 2030.
PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES The Principle of Sustainable Communities promotes the building of places where people want to live and work. Again the sense of Quality of Living refers to the balance between environmental quality, addressing social need and promoting economic activities within communities. Often communities within the rural context of KwaZulu-Natal are not located in the areas with perceived highest economic potential. Where low economic potential exists planning and investments should be directed at projects and programmes to address poverty and the provision of basic services in order to address past and current social inequalities towards building sustainable communities. PRINCIPLE OF ECONOMIC POTENTIAL The Principle of Economic Potential aims to improving productivity and closing the economic performance gap between the various areas of KwaZulu-Natal towards economic excellence of all areas. Rapid economic growth that is sustained and inclusive is seen as a pre-requisite for the achievement of poverty alleviation. PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING The Principle of Environmental Planning (Bioregional Planning) refers to understanding and respecting the environmental character (potential and vulnerability) and distinctiveness of places and landscapes and promoting balanced development in such areas. The PSDF supports environmental planning as the fundamental methodology on which spatial planning should be based. Thus, rather than being a reactionary barrier to commenced development, the environment is seen as an enabling primary informant to spatial planning and development. Environmental planning can be defined as land-use planning and management that promotes sustainable development. The environmental planning methodology involves the use of Broad Provincial Spatial Planning Categories to reflect desired land use. PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE RURAL LIVELIHOODS The Principle of Sustainable Rural Livelihoods considers rural areas in a way which is integrated with other decision
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making associated with the Sustainable Livelihoods framework. This principle requires that spatial planning consider the locality and impact of human, physical, natural , financial and social capitals of an area and spatially structure these in support of each other. Another aspect of this principle is promoting spatial planning in a continuum where rural areas are not addressed as completely separate entities to urban centres, but rather a gradual change in landscape with the potential progression of rural areas to more closely resemble the service standards and quality of living achieved in some urban contexts. PRINCIPLE OF SPATIAL CONCENTRATION The Principle of Spatial Concentration aims to build on existing concentrations of activities and infrastructure towards improved access of communities to social services and economic activities. In practical terms this promotes concentration along nodes and corridors with multi-sectorial investment i.e. roads, facilities, housing etc. This is envisaged to lead to greater co-ordination of both public and private investment and result in higher accessibility of goods and services to communities while ensuring more economic service delivery. This principle will further assist in overcoming the spatial distortions of the past. Future settlement and economic development opportunities should be channelled into activity corridors and nodes that are adjacent to or link the main growth centres in order for them to become regional gateways. PRINCIPLE OF LOCAL SELF-SUFFICIENCY The Principle of Local Self-Sufficiency promotes locating development in a way that reduces the need to travel, especially by car and enables people as far as possible to meet their need locally. Furthermore, the principle is underpinned by an assessment of each areas unique competency towards its own self-reliance and need to consider the environment, human skills, infrastructure and capital available to a specific area and how it could contribute to increase its self-sufficiency. PRINCIPLE OF CO-ORDINATED IMPLEMENTATION The Principle of Co-ordinated Implementation actually projects beyond spatial planning and promotes the alignment of role-player mandates and resources with integrated spatial planning across sectors and localities. Essentially the principle suggests that planning-implementation becomes a more continuous process and that government spending on fixed investment should be focused on planned key interventions localities. This principle ultimately also proposes a move towards more developmental mandate definitions of the various departments away, from single mandates to enable the spatial alignment of growth and development investment PRINCIPLE OF ACCESSIBILITY The Principle of Accessibility simply promotes the highest level of accessibility to resources, services, opportunities and other communities. This is intrinsically linked to transportation planning and should consider localised needs for the transportation of people and goods by various modes of transport as guided by the scale and function of a region. At a provincial level there is a strong correlation between the most deprived areas and poor regional accessibility to those areas. In addressing accessibility at provincial and local level, the need for possible new linkages, the upgrade in the capacity of existing linkages and the suitable mix of modes of transport should be considered. PRINCIPLE OF BALANCED DEVELOPMENT The Principle of Balance Development promotes the linking of areas of economic opportunity with areas in greatest need of economic, social and physical restructuring and regeneration at all spatial scales. In practical terms the
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principles sought to find a balance between the potentially competing land uses by understanding the relationship and integration between major dimensions within the province and promoting a synergetic mixture of land uses in support of each other at various spatial scales.
2.2.3 SUBDIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND ACT 70 OF 1970
Application Regulations regarding the subdivision of agricultural land for development within a municipality:
Subject to the provisions of section 2 a Surveyor‐General shall only approve a general plan or diagram relating to a subdivision of agricultural land
(d) any subdivision of any land in connection with which a surveyor has completed the relevant survey and has submitted the relevant sub‐divisional diagram and survey records for examination and approval to the surveyor‐general concerned prior to the commencement of this Act.‖ and a Registrar of Deeds shall only register the vesting of an undivided share in agricultural land referred to in section 3 (b), or a part of any such share referred to in section 3 (c), or a lease referred to in section 3 (d) or, if applicable, a right referred to in section 3 (e) in respect of a portion of agricultural land, if the written consent of the Minister in terms of this Act has been submitted to him.
(b) No undivided share in agricultural land not already held by any person, shall vest in any person; (c) No part of any undivided share in agricultural land shall vest in any person, if such part is not already held by any person;
(d) no lease in respect of a portion of agricultural land of which the period is 10 years or longer, or is the natural life of the lessee or any other person mentioned in the lease, or which is renewable from time to time at the will of the lessee, either by the continuation of the original lease or by entering into a new lease, indefinitely or for periods which together with the first period of the lease amount in all to not less than 10 years, shall be entered into;
(e) (i) no portion of agricultural land, whether surveyed or not, and whether there is any building thereon or not, shall be sold or advertised for sale, except for the purposes of a mine as defined in section 1 of the Mines and Works Act, 1956 (Act 27 of 1956); and
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(ii) no right to such portion shall be sold or granted for a period of more than 10 years or for the natural life of any person or to the same person for periods aggregating more than 10 years, or advertised for sale or with a view to any such granting, except for the purposes of a mine as defined in section 1 of the Mines and Works Act, 1956;
(e) Substituted by s. 2 of Act 12 of 1979 and by s. 2 (1) (a) of Act 33 of 1984.]
2.2.4 DEVELOPMENT AND FACILITATION ACT, 1995
This act is the most significant Act defining principles to guide planning and development. However, this Act will be replaced by a national spatial planning act. Parts of this act were declared unconstitutional insofar as it relates to land development and land use rights changes. The listed here however, still apply. - Promote the integration of social, economic, institutional, and physical aspects of land development. - Promote integrated land development in rural and urban areas in support of each other. - Promote the availability of residential and employment opportunities in close proximity to or integrated with each other. - Optimise the use of existing resources relating to agriculture, land, minerals, bulk infrastructure, roads, transportation, and social facilities. - Promote a diverse combination of land uses, also at the level of individual stands or subdivisions of land. - Discourage the phenomenon of urban sprawl in urban areas and contribute to the development of more compact towns and cities. - Contribute to the correction of historically distorted spatial patterns of settlement. - Encourage environmentally sustainable land development practices and processes.
2.2.5 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
The KwaZulu-Natal Spatial Economic Development Strategy (PSEDS) was formulated in 2007 as a spatial economic assessment of the areas of need and potential within the province. The PSEDS is intended as a guide to service delivery within the cluster to achieve the goals set in ASGI-SA to halve poverty & unemployment by 2014 and the policy interventions as contained in the New Growth Path of 2010.
The PSEDS is built on the principles of the National Spatial Development Strategy (NSDP), namely:
Principle 1: Rapid economic growth that is sustained and inclusive is a prerequisite for the achievement of poverty alleviation
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Principle 2: Fixed investment should be focused in localities of economic growth or economic potential
Principle 3: Where low economic potential exists investments should be directed at projects and programmes to address poverty and the provision of basic services in order to address past and current social inequalities
Principle 4: Future settlement and economic development opportunities should be channelled into activity corridors and nodes that are adjacent to or link the main centres
Four key sectors have been identified as drivers of economic growth in the KWAZULU-NATAL, namely:
- The Agricultural sector (including agri-processing and land reform) - The Industrial sector (Including Manufacturing) - The Tourism sector - The Service sector (including government services)
The logistics and transport sector (including rail) in the services sector are important subsectors underpinning growth in all four sectors. Sustainable and affordable water and energy provision is crucial to the economic growth & development of the province. Ulundi Municipality was classified as one of the 25 nodes to be invested in.
SECTOR PROPOSALSTRATEGY/INTERVENTION Development of agriculture along Ulundi Richards Bay Agriculture and Land Reform corridor. Developing Ulundi (along with Nongoma & Vryheid) as agri cultural service and agri‐processing centres.
Ulundi Airport: improve use for charter tourism, linked to Tourism eco & cultural tourism
Formalise and plan Ulundi (along with Nongoma) to position Services for investment
TABLE 1: ULUNDI PSEDS AREAS OF OPPORTUNITY
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2.2.6 STRATEGIC INTEGRATED PROGRAMME
In the year 2012 the Presidency gave a mandate to the Presidential Infrastructure Coordinating Commission (PICC) to plan and coordinate a National Infrastructure Plan. This National Infrastructure Plan is a key priority of the National Development Plan which aims to transform the structure of the economy into a more employment-friendly, equitable and inclusive trajectory. The PICC phased and integrated the investment plan across 18 Strategic Infrastructure Projects (SIPs) which had five core functions:
Unlock opportunities
Transform the economic landscape
Create new jobs
Strengthen the delivery of basic services and;
Support the integration of African economies.
The figure below is an illustration of where the concentrated population in under-serviced areas are located within KwaZulu-Natal. The PICC has recognized the areas marked in orange as highly constrained in services and lacking sufficient economic opportunities thus forcing rural-urban migration. Currently existing economic centres are being over populated causing the demand for services to be higher than the supply capacity of the municipalities which results in dilapidated infrastructure.
The National Infrastructure projects will attempt to decentralise and balance economic growth and development across the country while simultaneously adhering to the constitutional mandate of providing basic services to everyone. As indicated with a blue arrow in the figure below, Ulundi Municipality lies within the areas which require strategic and innovative infrastructure assistance.
The following is a list of the SIPs which have a more social and economically viable outcome to Ulundi Municipality:
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SIP 8: Green energy in support of the South African economy
SIP 6: Integrated municipal infrastructure project
SIP 7: Integrated urban space and public transport programme
SIP 11: Agri-logistics and rural infrastructure
SIP 18: Water and sanitation infrastructure
FIGURE 4: NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN: 2016
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2.2.7 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL PLANNING
The spatial economy of KwaZulu-Natal Province is characterized by extreme levels of uneven development and spatially defined dualisms between the three urban commercial industrial manufacturing centers of Durban, Pietermaritzburg, Richards Bay on the one hand, and the poverty stricken and underdeveloped rural hinterland of the former KwaZulu Bantustans (now tribal areas) on the other. As such, the provincial spatial structure is highly inefficient. In response to this, the provincial government introduced the newly adopted KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Growth and Development Strategy (PGDS) to guide spatial transformation, growth and development in the short to medium term.
2.2.8 PROVINCIAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT VISION
3.2.8.1 AGRICULTURE
There areas within KwaZulu-Natal identified as areas of highest potential agriculture and agri –processing potential. It is evident that the south western portion of Ulundi Municipality is identified as an area that can make a huge agricultural contribution to the province.
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2.2.8.2 INDUSTRY
The areas of potential industrial development and expansion within KwaZulu-Natal. Ulundi Municipality is not identified as an area which could make a significant contribution to industrial development at a provincial scale.
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2.2.8.3 TOURISM
There are areas within KwaZulu-Natal identified as areas of a variety of large impact tourism opportunity. The eastern part of the municipality could make a significant contribution toward the eco-tourism industry.
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2.2.8.4 TERTIARY (SERVICES) SECTOR
Ulundi Municipality contains a single 3rd order service node that serves the municipality and surrounding areas.
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2.2.8.5 CLASSIFICATION OF POVERTY / NEED
The largest parts of the municipality is characterised by low poverty levels that it is not noticed at a provincial level.
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2.2.8.6 CORRIDOR DEVELOPMENT
Influenced by the Economic activities land use patterns and the Tertiary Sector nodal areas, a number of corridors were identified and proposed that can make significant improvement to accessibility of certain areas which in turn will lure potential investments to these areas. A tourism corridor, traversing Ulundi in a northern south and east west direction has been identified.
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2.3 DISTRICT POLICIES
2.3.1 ZULULAND DISTRICT SDF
Spatial Planning is a shared function between Ulundi LM and Zululand District. The latter has developed a SDF as part of their IDP. Ideally, the district SDF should provide a framework for the formulation of local municipality SDFs, deal with cross-boundary issues and spatial implications of the exclusive powers and functions of the district municipality. As such, any inconsistencies in the spatial planning process between the two entities should be eliminated and a greater coordination should be promoted. The Zululand SDF does provide guidelines for the formulation of SDFs within the district; these have been considered in the formulation of this SDF.
The Zululand District SDF identifies Ulundi as one of the primary nodes, while other settlements within the municipality such as Babanango, Ceza, Mpungamhlophe and Nqulwane are identified as tertiary nodes. As such, Ulundi is seen as an area that as an economic growth area in the district. The SDF also identifies the R34 and R66, which traverse Ulundi Municipality as primary corridors, and further identifies the R68 and P700 as secondary corridors.
2.3.2 ZULULAND DISTRICT SECTOR PLANS
Zululand District Municipality has developed a number of sector plans to guide the implementation of its development programmes. These include but are not limited to the following: Local Economic Development (LED) Plan. Tourism Development Plan. Water Services Development Plan (WSDP). Public Transport Plan (PTP). Each of these should be considered and integrated into the SDF.
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2.3.1 ULUNDI SECTOR PLANS
The Ulundi LM has developed and adopted an IDP as a strategic guide for development and governance within its area of jurisdiction. The IDP articulates the long-term vision and strategic programmes for the municipality. The latter is elucidated in various sector plans that deal with sector specific issues and identify development opportunity and development need areas. These sector plans include the following: A Local Economic Development Plan, which establishes an economic development agenda and identifies economic development opportunity areas. Housing Sector Plan, which outlines a housing delivery agenda and a programme for the transformation of the existing settlements into sustainable human settlements. Ulundi Tourism Strategy Implementation Plan and Project Designs. Business support document.
The SDF gives effect to the intentions of the IDP and provides a framework for the formulation of area and/or site specific land use controls.
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MAP 2: ZULULAND DISTRICT SDF
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3. SPATIAL INTERPRETATION OF THE IDP
3.1 MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT VISION Status of the IDP on District and Local Levels
The table below depicts the documents being utilised as the basis of analysis for the new Ulundi Spatial Development Framework.
The document was reviewed as Ulundi Municipality IDP part of the 2017/2018 review
2017/2018 process and it has been adopted. The document was reviewed as
Zululand District Municipality part of the 2017/2018 review IDP 2017/2018 process and it has been adopted.
3.2 SPATIAL INTERPRETATION OF THE IDP VISION
3.2.1 SPATIAL ALIGNMENT BETWEEN DISTRICT AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT VISION The purpose of evaluating the Vision and Mission of the Local Authority is to highlight the components of these statements that need to be spatially interpreted. The Municipality needs to be made aware of the implications of the spatial statements to allow them to prepare and evaluate a proper course of action. These spatial implications will be manifested within the Spatial Development Framework being compiled.
A developmental city of heritage focusing on good governance, socio-economic development and upholding tradition to promote sustainable service delivery”
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SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL EQUITY ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY VIABILITY
Lack of portable water Assessment of Ensuring that arable Strategic has been identified as a households and land is used Environmental pressing need for rural social amenities that productively. Planning and communities. does not have access Management with 500m. Viable agribusiness needed. Housing development Integrated rural road development. in rural areas. maintenance. Spatial guidance for improved tourism development. TABLE 2: ULUNDI IDP
The Zululand District Municipality Vision reads as follows:
“We the people of Zululand are proud communities that are committed to the development of Zululand through hard work, integrity and a common purpose.”
The development policies of Ulundi Municipality should be aligned to that of the District and ensure that the goals and development visions are strengthened and can be reached through a collective focus. This allows for economic of scale to come to play, but does not mean that Ulundi Municipality may not exploit comparative advantages offered by the land surroundings.
The alignment of the two visions lies in the fact that both are aimed at developing the region and focusing on its heritage and using the pride derived from its heritage to build a future for the area.
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The District goes as far as attempting to promote the districts heritage which is often the driving force towards tourism development in rural areas and with the proposed agricultural corridor, be based on agri‐tourism. Physical needs of a community always precede social needs. The SDF will direct development to develop the community to the highest potential possible with the existing resources available in the municipality.
3.3 MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT MISSION The Ulundi Development Mission reads as follow:
• To develop the institution and to facilitate institutional transformation
• To provide infrastructure and services to all, with emphasis on rural communities, in a sustainable manner
• To provide infrastructure and services to all, with emphasis on rural communities, in a sustainable manner
• To develop and support sustainable local economic development, through focusing on tourism development, and incorporating the youth
• To develop and support social development initiatives, particularly those focused on the youth and the vulnerable
• To ensure good governance through leadership excellence and community participation
• To ensure continued sound financial management
• To ensure effective and efficient Land Use Management, taking cognizance of sound environmental practices
The mission of the Municipality refers to certain spatial aspects that need to be considered when planning provision of services and identifying nodal development points. These are briefly discussed below.
When analysing the aforementioned six points which make up the mission of the municipality you find that they are premised around two major pointers, ‘Providing and maintaining affordable services & Transform and Marketing the municipality locally and globally.
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Providing and maintaining affordable services: Spatial Interpretation of the IDP Vision the necessity to provide services in a manner which is cost effective is crucial in the sustainable development of the municipality. The provision of services should be within the financial capacity of the municipal budget which relates highly to the efficient and effective utilization of resources. Furthermore when the provision of services doesn’t exhaust the financial resources of the municipality, professionals are able to allocate the funds evenly to promote social, economic and spatially sound development.
The notion of establishing the municipality as a tourist destination is a key intervention for attracting foreign development investment within the area. KwaZulu-Natal and South Africa as a whole promotes people-centred development due to the social breakdown of the apartheid era. That became the impetus for the development of Integrated Development Plans which provides development solutions at grass root level. Therefore it’s essential to strengthen stakeholder partnerships and promoting public participation to ensure that the people get what they most desire to avoid conflict which often leads to mass protests.
3.4 SECTORAL STRATEGIES WITH SPATIAL MANIFESTATION To ensure the realisation of the Vision and Mission statements, the Ulundi Municipality developed certain strategies which are linked to the five national Key Performance Areas (KPA) which are:
Basic Service Delivery & Infrastructure Development;
Social and Economic Development;
Institutional Arrangements and Transformation;
Good Governance and Public Participation; and
Financial Viability and Management.
KPA OBJECTIVE
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Heritage & Culture Identify and document all heritage sites within the Municipality.
Housing Identification and prioritisation of housing projects within the Municipality. SOCIAL & ECONOMIC Management of the construction and completion of all funded housing projects. DEVELOPMENT Agriculture Expand the participation of individuals and communities in activities that promote food security.
PGDS Focal point of growth and development within the Municipality to be on the identified development corridors and development nodes.
Environmental Management Ensure that due consideration is given to the impact on the environment caused by the programmes and projects planned and implemented within the municipal area.
Tourism Identify heritage sites located within the municipal areas that need to be developed in a sustainable manner.
LED Stimulate development by expanding the local economy through sustainable use of the heritage assets of the Municipality to attract tourists.
Poverty Alleviation Identification of indigent households within communities and provide those
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households with a range of service and benefit at no costs.
GOOD GOVERNANCE & PUBLIC No project with spatial manifestations
Municipal Land Identification and reservation of land for future developments in accordance with the provisions of the spatial development framework for the Municipality. Availability of serviced sites to attract potential investors for commercial and industrial development. Roads & Storm Water Development of access roads and bridges in rural areas Refurbishment and upgrading of the existing road infrastructure. Community and Sport Facilities Facilitate the construction of a community hall within each ward in the Municipality. Facilitate the construction of a sports field within each of the indented development BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY & INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT nodes in the Municipality. Facilitate the construction of a communal library within each of the identified development nodes on the Municipality. Electricity Promotion of renewable energy alternatives Upgrading of old and redundant electricity distribution infrastructure Development and implementation of planned preventative maintenance programme. Roads & Storm Water Development of access roads and bridges in rural areas Refurbishment and upgrading of the existing road infrastructure. INSTITUTIONAL ARRAGEMENTS & TRANSFORMATION No project with spatial manifestations No project with spatial manifestations FINANCIAL VIABILITY & MANAGEMENT TABLE 3: KPA &OBJECTIVES ILUNGELO LAMI
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The streamlining of administrative processes and the capacitation of officials will ensure the proper integration and efficient co-operation between the various departments (internal and external) to the Local Authority. Promotion of inter-departmental/governmental relations is key to successful implementation of development projects, as different departments are responsible for funding, social facilities, infrastructural provision etc.
The key performance area of Basic Service Delivery touches on a few points that have already been discussed with regards to the cost effectiveness, and motivations for equal distribution of services, and the provision of better and affordable social services. The distribution is not the issue, but the level of provision and the costs involved is affecting service delivery. Social services can also refer to care for the elderly, or orphanages, hospices for HIV/AIDS patients etc., and is also very dependent on the government funding. The provision of such facilities will obviously have to be located within areas that is easily accessible and can be serviced with electricity, water etc. It will therefore be located within developed nodes.
Through investigation of existing high level environmental studies, the SDF should aim to protect the environment through prescriptive measures. The SDF will not be able to give in depth prescriptive environmental protection measures, as environmental impact assessments are site specific studies. It will however aim to limit proposed developments within areas that have already been identified as endangered environmental areas. In relation to the previous point, the SDF will propose certain land uses more suitable to be developed within certain areas, but actual land use protection is done through land use rights and regulated by town planning schemes, or land use management schemes.
Security of tenure, although land based, is not a function of the SDF, as the SDF has no legal standing, and cannot protect rights to ownership. Acts such as the Extension of Security Tenure Act (ESTA) or the Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act (IPILRA) is the applicable legislation governing land tenure security.
The extension of a municipal revenue base is not only the development of an effective Financial Management System. The fact that taxes are collected from residents implies that there are services being delivered. This is therefore an integrated process, whereby Institutional Development & Transformation will have to take place, to enable the municipality to provide services. Only after proper services are being provided, will the residents pay taxes without complaining.
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The main goal of any Economic Development effort is to reduce the prevalence of poverty in a municipal area by capacitating emerging entrepreneurs in terms of skills and knowledge, but also through assistance, such as market analysis and information local economic development initiatives can be made to be successful.
The locality of projects plays an important role, to enable them to utilise comparative advantages presented to the entrepreneurs through the presence of external factors that needs to be targeted. On municipal level, the spatial development framework will assist on a high level to determine the most suitable places for economic investment.
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4. STATUS QUO ANALYSIS
Over the last few years, the Ulundi Municipality, in association with various organs of state has made progress in promoting integrated and equitable development planning within the framework of the IDP and the associated sector plans, however there still a number of challenges to overcome. The majority of these are inherited from the apartheid past and the associated planning system. This section presents an assessment of the spatial trends and patterns within the municipality, and provides background information on the spatial strategy
4.1 AVAILABLE BASE INFORMATION According to the Ulundi IDP, the following reports/strategies have been prepared and will be taken in to consideration during the development of the Spatial Development Framework. The table below lists these reports, and highlights information (available from the report) that has spatial implications.
SECTOR PLAN LOCAL MUNICIPALITY DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS PLAN SKILLS DEVELOPMENT PLAN INSTITUTIONAL PLAN GENDER EMPLOYMENT EQUITY PLAN FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN COMMUNICATION STRATEGY ROADS AND STORM WATER MASTER PLAN LAND USE MANAGEMENT PLAN HIV/AIDS PLAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT PROGRAMME FRAMEWORK POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMME INTERGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMME LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN TOURISM PLAN & MARKETING PLAN
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SOCIAL MASTER PLAN SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN WATER SERVICE DEVELOPMENT PLAN WATER SECTOR PLAN TRANSPORT PLAN ELECTRIFICATION PLAN TABLE 4: ULUNDI LM IDP
4.1.2 STATISTICAL VARIATIONS
The statistical information utilised to evaluate the Ulundi Local Municipality is the 2011 Census. In order to determine growth within the municipality these statistics are being compared to the 2001 census data.
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
4.2.1 SLOPE ANALYSIS The slope analysis depicts the gradients of the land as it declines in height above sea level towards the east. The slope categories range from smaller than 1:10 (10% incli ne), 1:6 (17% incline) and 1:3 (33% incline) and steeper. The greater the gradient (1:6 1:3), the more difficult and more expensive construction and pr ovision of services become as shown on MAP 3: SLOPE ANALYSIS
Slope is also affecting modes of transport, as a maximum gradient of 1:20 (5%) isrecommended for bicycle tracks, and a maximum gradient of 1:12 (8 %) is recommended for foot paths. The terrain therefore plays an integral part.
The Slope gradiants are evenly distributed throughout the municipal areawith most settlements located within the more evenly sloped areas.
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4.2.2 CATCHMENT AREAS Catchments are the areas of land where rainwater drains downhill into a body of water, such as a river, lake or dam. The drainage basin includes both the streams and rivers that convey the water as well as the land surfaces from which water drains into those channels and separated from adjacent basins by a catchment divide.
In cases where large scale agricultural activity can have a negative impact The spatial development framework must therefore highlight the critical aspect which needs to be addressed and ensures that no land use is proposed in these areas. The specific land use can have detrimental effects on the environment and the environmental service providers MAP 4: CATCHMENT AREAS
4.2.3 PRECIPITATION The Ulundi Municipality has a mixture of two “precipitation sectors” which is linked to the varying topography within the Municipal area. On average two sectors average between 722 to 826mm per annum and 827 to 912mm per annum. Selected pockets have higher average precipitation of 1,012 to 1,251mm per annum MAP 5: PRECIPITATION.
4.2.4 TOPOGRAPHY The Topography map, attached as Plan 7 depicts the elevation characteristics of the Ulundi Local Municipality. The mean elevation (m above sea level) ranges from 1600m above sea level in the western parts of the Municipality, 723m above sea level in the central parts of the Municipality to 140m above sea level on the eastern boundary as depicted on
The White Mfolozi River further divides of the western mountainous area of the Municipality into a northern and southern area, with only four official crossing points situated on the R66 and R34 (including a smaller bridge next to R34 crossing) and a crossing where the L1606 connects Mpungamhlophe to the P734 and Lottery.
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4.2.5 RIVER ECOSYSTEM STATUS The river eco-system status determined by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife in conjunction with a programme called the River Health Programme of South Africa.
Based on the assessment of the condition of biological communities in and around rivers (such as fish, aquatic invertebrates, and riparian vegetation and river habitats) this programme provides an integrated measure of the health of river systems.
All the rivers in Ulundi are classified as vulnerable, which indicates that there are human influences on the river and that needs to be managed to ensure that negative impact be minimalized.
4.2.6 EVAPORATION It is clear that average evaporation is linked to height above sea level which also affects other metrological conditions such as wind occurrences. The low lying areas of the Municipality has an average of 1801 to 2000mm per annum evaporation rate, in higher lying areas averages 1601 to 1800mm per annum. An area south of Xolo has an evaporation rate of 2001 to 2200mm per annum. A limited number of smaller areas near Babanango and Nhlazatshe have an evaporation rate of 0 to 1400mm per annum.
4.2.7 LAND COVER The broad land uses found in Ulundi Local Municipality, the land cover consists of:
Annual Commercial Crops Dry land Old Cultivated fields Annual Commercial Crops Irrigated Permanent Orchards Irrigated Bare Rock Bare Sand Permanent Orchards Dryland Bushlands Permanent Pineapples Dryland Degraded Bushlands Plantation Degraded Forest Plantation Clearfelled Degraded Grassland Rural Dwellings Degraded Forest Sugarcane – Commercial
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Degraded Grassland Rural Dwellings Dense Bush Sugarcane – Commercial Erosion Sugarcane – Emerging Farmer Forest Subsistence Golf Courses Urban Grassland Water Wetlands Grassland / Bush Clumps Mix Wetlands‐Mangrove Mines & Quarries TABLE 5: LAND COVER ULUNDI LM IDP
From the above land cover six main elements are visible within the Municipal area, namely urban areas, rural settlements and subsistence farming, woodlands, grasslands and plantations.
The urban areas are situated around Ulundi Town and stretches northwards along the R66. Smaller pockets of densely populated “urban areas” are situated along major transport routes and also scattered throughout the Municipality at Babanango, Mpungamhlophe, Nkonyeni and Mahlabathini MAP 6: LAND COVER
The remainder of the settlements are characterised by rural dwellings. These settlements include Sterkstroom and Dlebe in the northern areas. Nondlovu and Xolo areas in the north east of Ulundi. Ntshemanzi and Nqulwane on the eastern boundary of the Municipality.
Large areas of woodlands are situated on the evenly sloped areas on the north eastern boundary of Ulundi with Nongoma. This area stretches from the Xolo surrounding (east) to Kwadayeni (Westof R66).
Subsistence farming is scattered throughout the municipal area, but more densely situated in close proximity to the rural settlement areas. The highest concentrations of subsistence farming are found near the settlements of Mpungamhlophe, Nhlazatshe and Nkonjeni with scattered subsistence farming activities around Dlebe.
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4.2.8 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS/CRITICAL BIODIVERSITY
Ulundi municipality has a number of environmental sensitive areas, of which some arrears are already formally protected. The Emakhosini Ophathe Heritage Park & Game Reserve is located on the southern boundary of the Municipality directly south of the White Mfolozi River. The Game Reserve is directly east of the R66. The Heritage Park stretches west from the R66 to Babanango in the west. MAP 7: ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS/CRITICAL BIODIVERS
Biodiversity Priority 1 Areas are mainly concentrated in the east, where Ulundi borders on the Hluhluwe Mfolozi Game Reserve. A limited number of small Priority 1 Biodiversity Area pockets are scattered throughout the Municipal area and are situated in close proximity to the areas of Nhlazathse, KwaMbambo, Babanango, Mahlabathini on the Nquthu LM border and on the Abaqulusi border east of Mphepho.
Biodiversity Priority Area 3 is concentrated mainly in the western parts of the Municipality surrounding the areas of Bloubank, and Babanango.
Further to the above, KZN Ezemvelo Wildlife developed a composite set of data with the highly sensitive areas are situated on the south western parts of the Municipal Area. These areas are the least densely populated areas and it’s proposed that development be not encouraged in these areas.
A number of areas with medium to high vulnerability status are situated near KwaMbambo, Mabedlana, Nhlazatshe and the eastern boundary of the Municipal area near Hlabisa Local Municipality. The remainder of the Municipality is classified as medium to low vulnerability subsistence farming activities around Dlebe.
4.2.9 LAND REFORM
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Some 356km2 of land have settled land claims, whilst a further 305km2 of land is affected by land claims not yet settled. This constitutes some 661km2 of land and some 19% of the total land area of the Municipality. It is therefore very important that continued agricultural support be provided to particularly those areas where land claims have been settled, in order for agricultural production to continue at optimal levels and to growth
FIGURE 5: LAND REFORM ULUNDI IDP 2017/2018
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4.2.10 HUMAN FOOTPRINT Human Footprint Mapping is a tool to show how development impacts on the natural environment. The more development takes place, the greater the influence on the natural environment. This leads to a reduction in the quality of the ecological services provided by the environment.
Such ecological services include clean water, fertile ground, storm water management by wetlands etc. Where the human footprint is high, management processes are required to ensure that further impact on the environment is kept to a minimum. No area within the Municipality has no “human footprint” although large areas are classified as low and very low impact. The human footprint is highest in the area surrounding the town of Ulundi with high and very high levels of impact.
The railway line further impacts on the environment and a corridor of moderate human impact on the environment follows the course of the railway line as it traverses the Municipality. Selected areas near Ngongweni and Bloubank have a high impact human footprint.
Away from the railway line areas such as Babanango, and areas in the centre of Strangers’ Rest, Makhosini, KwaMbambo and Mpungamhlophe are also classified as having a moderate impact. Some of these areas are also in close proximity to highly vulnerable environmental areas and measures need to be put in place to ensure that the human footprint does not expand further into these vulnerable areas.
4.3 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (SEA) The Zululand District Municipality (ZDM) has developed a Strategic Environmental Assessment, and the issues relevant to the Ulundi Municipal area are depicted below:
SEA Key Issues as extracted from the ZDM SEA and as applicable to the Ulundi Municipality
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KEY ISSUE BRIEF DESCRIPTION Wetland degradation is especially evident near urban or built up areas and occurs mainly as a result of inappropriate Wetland Degradation formal and informal development. Soil erosion occurs throughout the region, but especially in the rural areas and in association with roads, pathways Soil Erosion and subsistence agriculture. Typical low cost housing related problems are subsidence, sewage problems and collapsing of houses. Low Cost Housing Problems Instances of overflowing sewage treatment plants or emergency overflows as a result of failed, incorrectly installed, Poor Sewage System Maintenance/Infrastructure or vandalised pump houses. Over Utilization of Soils Over utilisation of soils in some areas (no crop rotation) results in reduced agricultural potential, and eventually soil erosion and subsidence. Sand Winning Illegal sand winning without permits. Proliferation of alien invasive plants throughout the region in rural and urban areas, in watercourses, wetlands, and Alien Invasive Weeds especially around or on the edges of forests and afforested areas. While the national population growth rate is currently estimated at around 0%, with possible increases only Family Planning and Poverty resulting from influxes of immigrants, the impact of poor family planning on the families involved and their surrounding environment is considerable. Incorrect citing of high-impact developments (such as low cost housing with poor sewage, wastewater and storm water management) in close proximity to wetlands, drainage lines, rivers and dams is resulting in water pollution. Management of Water Resources There is a need to protect water resources as a means to prevent waterborne diseases and ensure adequate supply of quality water for household consumption. The municipality is located in an area well suited to commercial forestry, but a forestry threat to the natural environment is evident – especially in terms of encouraging unchecked alien invasive plant growth within or on the Threat from Forestry to the Natural Environment borders of afforested areas, and in the utilisation of high priority ecological / biodiversity and tourism areas for forestry. The veld is currently considerably over-burnt and this is resulting in soil erosion, damage to soil conditions and Veld Fires nutrients and the proliferation of: alien invasive plants; undesirable, less-palatable grass species; and woody species, which in turn create impenetrable thickets and further soil erosion. Requirement for a Municipal Open Space System A clearly defined municipal open space system (for the entire municipal area, but especially in the ‘urban’ areas of Ulundi) is required for the protection of wetlands, associated rivers, streams and catchments and areas of natural beauty. Amenity and shelter planting (in all built up areas) is required to improve the residential and commercial centres and Amenity and Shelter Planting the general ‘feel’ or amenity of the area. This will improve the quality of life for all residents, as well as enhancing
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the natural environment, and could even attract tourists and business. Address waste disposal issues - solid waste management is a critical issue for the District Municipality. Almost all the Solid Waste Management landfill sites within Zululand need upgrading in order to comply with the legal requirements related to waste management. Environmental issues and impacts are often not addressed in developments and projects. Environmental accounting needs to be become more integrated into the development planning process and must be considered in the very Environmental Accounting initial phases of planning any new development or upgrade, prior to any costly mistakes being made. The region has a high tourism potential, which has not been properly exploited, environmentally or otherwise. High Tourism Potential Numerous sites of tourism significance are being ignored or insufficiently marketed. Loss of agricultural land due to development pressure, in which hard surfaced developments use up agricultural land Unsustainable Agricultural Practices/Management is a serious issue, as this land is usually permanently lost to agriculture once covered over. Only land with low agricultural potential should be utilised for these types of developments. Loss of indigenous vegetation communities and habitats due to: Afforestation Poor farming practices Loss of Indigenous Vegetation Communities Alien plant invasion Poor catchment management Informal housing Active protection of valuable environmental resources is regarded as critical (wetlands, indigenous forests, Conservation of Biodiversity grasslands, and bushveld). Community involvement in viable tourism enterprises, which conserve the environment while providing employment and /or income, should be fostered and encouraged. Rehabilitation of damaged and degraded areas does not ordinarily occur, as there was not previously any legislation Rehabilitation of Damages and Degraded Areas to enforce it, (this has now changed), and the municipality could begin to enforce this legislation. Management of Cemeteries Upgrade and institute proper management of cemeteries (according to National Legislation guidelines). Management of Biodiversity outside Protected Areas Critical pieces of land (as identified by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife) are required to sustain the natural resource base outside Protected Areas; these should be managed under appropriate protection measures. Community Benefits from the Environment Communities who value biodiversity should be able to share in the benefits of natural resources and community- based tourism initiatives. Environmental management plans should incorporate social issues in order to get ‘buy in’ from affected communities, including decision makers. TABLE6: SEA KEY ISSUES: ZDM IDP
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4.3.1 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES Climate change is recognized as the major environmental problem facing the globe. Escalating greenhouse gas emissions contribute towards climate change and will ultimately impact on human health, food security, natural resources, land loss and coastal infrastructure. Climate change embraces far more than temperature change and may include changes in rainfall patterns, the spread of infectious disease such as malaria, increase alien vegetation invasion and loss of biodiversity. Climate change may further lead to extinction of a large number of species.
A number of climate change and environmental management initiatives are continuing to be addressed by the Municipality on yearly bases.
The Municipality is in preparation/review of sector plans to include Climate Change. In the preparation of new Sector Plans or the review of existing Sector Plans, the Municipality will ensure that the respective Terms of References for such Sector Plans make provision for the inclusion of Climate Change and the impact or implications thereof.
4.3.2 ELIMINATING INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES This initiative is undertaken at ward level to restore available grazing land that has been invaded by alien plant species. In addition alien plant species threaten the availability of scarce water resources. This initiative is driven by the Directorate: Community Services which has made provision for this activity in its operational budget. However, additional funding to effectively address this threat will be sought from National Government and the Provincial Department of Agriculture, Environmental Affairs and Rural Development.
4.3.3 REHABILITATION OF LANDFILL SITE AND RECYCLING The Municipality operated a landfill site in Ward 18 which was not registered with the Department of Agriculture, Environmental Affairs and Rural Development and, due to its poor condition, drew protests from the communities adjacent to its location. As a consequence the landfill site was shut down. However, to ensure that its past existence does not impact on the environmental integrity of the area, the site is being rehabilitated in accordance with the provisions of the NEMA. Ulundi Municipality currently utilizes the Zululand waste waiting Station. Waste is dumped there by the Municipality and other private Service Providers where after it is sorted according to its categories for recycling by a private company.
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Ulundi Municipality also supports recycling initiatives done by SMMEs within the wards that collect waste and the Municipality provides them with transport to the Waste Station where big companies buy waste from them. The Municipality also assists Schools with waste education, waste bins for various types of waste and transport. The Municipality is currently in a process of building a Buy Back Centre to assist recyclers. In 2016/2017, Ulundi Municipality provided skips in various points within the Municipal area as means assist with clear waste points where SMMEs collect, sort and sell to the Buy Back Centre. In this way, poverty is alleviated.
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MAP 3: SLOPE ANALYSIS
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MAP 4: CATCHMENT AREAS
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MAP 5: PRECIPITATION
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MAP 6: LAND COVER
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MAP 7: ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS/CRITICAL BIODIVERS
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5. DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS
5.1 HUMAN RESOURCES
5.1.1 POPULATION
In order to understand the problems which affect municipalities such as climate, energy, severe poverty or food security it’s important to acknowledge that they relate in some critical way to population growth. Global economic recession and high food prices have pushed millions of people into chronic hunger and poverty. Currently in KwaZulu-Natal such issues as well as climate change, rising energy prices and growing water scarcity has made it harder to grow the crops necessary to feed an expanding population. MAP 8: POPULATION
The Ulundi Municipality experienced an increase in the number of the people residing within its boundaries from 1996 to 2001. However, there has been a small decrease in population size between 2001 and 2016.
Ulundi Municipality is from a previously disadvantaged background.
2016 2011 Population Growth (% p.a.) Population 205 762 188 317 1996-2001 2001-2011 2.01 -0.01
TABLE 7: POPULATION FROM 2011 TO 2016
The Ulundi Local Municipality had a more than 5% decrease in population size over the 2001 and 2011 period. A possible reason for this is that people have left the area to seek work elsewhere, particularly with the decline of government services with the Ulundi Local Municipality.
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190 000 184 576 185 000 188 317 180 000 175 000 170 551 170 000 165 000 160 000 1996 2001 2011
Total population
FIGURE 7: TOTAL POPULATION ULUNDI IDP
TABLE 8: POPULATION INDICATOR ULUNDI IDP
INDICATOR ULUNDI MUNICIPAL AREA AREA 3 250 km² POPULATION (2016) 205 762 people
HOUSEHOLDS 35 198
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MAP 8: POPULATION
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5.1.2 POPULATION & AGE DISTRIBUTION
Indicates that Ulundi Municipality is dominated by a relatively young population. The graph depicts that there are more females than males especially from ages 20 and older. Furthermore the graph indicates that the spatial planning tools required to strengthen sustainable development within the municipality, should accommodate the youth and ensure that they are all catered for spatially and empowered to uplift their communities and provide for their families. This would entail the urgency to provide adequate educational facilities and libraries to stimulate their knowledge and the age distribution also indicates a reduction in the age categories of 5 years to 19years. What is however interesting to note is the number of persons in the age category 0 to 4 years (or from 2007 to 2011) has increased significantly.wedge at a young age.
Age Distribution (Census 2011)
80-84 70-74 60-64 50-54 40-44 30-34 20-24 10-14 0-4 -15 000 -10 000 -5 000 0 5 000 10 000 15 000
Males Females
FIGURE 8: AGE DISTRIBUTION
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5.1.3 HOUSEHOLD SIZE
The average household size for Ulundi is calculated by subdividing population with the number of households recorded. The average household size for Ulundi Municipality is 5 persons per household
There has been a significant decrease in Average Household Sizes between 1996 and 2001, i.e. from an average of 6.9 persons per household to 5.5 persons. This trend continued and average household sizes decreased 5.1 persons per household in 2011.
8 6,9 7 5,5 6 5,1 5 4 3 2 1 0 % of Female Headed Households 1996 2001 2011 1996 2001 2011 2016 Average household size 54.8 57.9 58.8 58.93
FIGURE 9: AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE TABLE 9: FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
Between 1996 and 2001, there has been a significant increase in the percentage of households headed by women, i.e. from 54.8% to 57.9%. Between 2001 and 2011 this increased slightly to 58.8%. A possible reason for this is that males seek employment outside of the Municipal area, such as at Vryheid, Richards Bay, Durban and Gauteng.
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Households headed by children are cause for grave concern. This normally means that both parents might have passed away and that the eldest child is taking care of his or her siblings. There has been a reduction in the % of households headed by children between 1996 and 2001. However, this percentage has increased from 0.7% to 1.3% between 2001 and 2011. In 2011, child headed households numbered some 460 households.
PLACE AREA (KM2) POPULATION BABANANGO 6.54 1,297 2 1,8 BUTHELEZI EMPITHIMPITHINI 464.49 49,553 1,6 INHLAZATSHE 13.60 1,214 1,5 1,3 KWAZUNYAWO 5.91 1,298 MAHLABATINI 8.21 2,342 0,9 1 0,8 MBATHA 124.05 9,954 0,7 Ulundi MPUNGOSE 158.64 27,726 0,5 KwaZulu-Natal NDEBELE 93.44 14,799 NOBAMBA 684.56 41,286 0 SIMELANE 3.48 501 ULUNDI 10.27 18,420 1996 2001 2011 XIMBA 298.34 19,330 % of households headed by children ZUNGU 321.98 17,228 REMAINDER OF THE 1,561.36 8,017 MUNICIPALITY FIGURE10: HOUSEHOLDS HEADED BY CHILDREN ULUNDI IDP
TABLE 10: POPULATION IN ULUNDI LM ULUNDI IDP
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Gender Ratio (Census 2016)
45,17% 54,83% Male Female
FIGURE 11: GENDER RATIO
5.1.4 HOUSEHOLD DENSITY
Population Density is a measurement of population per unit area. The essence of measuring population density is premised around the ability to control the population within its suitable capacity. For example a high population density may lead to environmental pollution and other ecological issues such as illegally building residential units on protected agricultural land. Furthermore population density data allows planners to analyse it spatially and make decisions on the areas of highest demand for services and environmental mitigation processes. The age distribution also indicates a reduction in the age categories of 5 years to 19years. What is however interesting to note is the number of persons in the age category 0 to 4 yrs. (or from 2007 to 2011) has increased significantly.
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5.1.5 POPULATION & GENDER DISTRIBUTION
Population & Gender Distribution indicates that there are more females than males within the municipality. Women in Rural municipalities such as Ulundi spend most of their time in reproductive and household work; including time spent obtaining water and fuel, caring for children and the sick as well as processing food.
Men are the head of the family and their role is to provide security, safety and financial stability, therefore most men migrate to major cities in search of better job opportunities and those left over extreme heavy outdoor chores and provide safety to their families.
Such data assists planners on the type of population they are providing services for, as well as NGO’s especially those which solely aim to empower previously deprived women.
As can be expected, the population distribution pattern coincides with land ownership. People are mainly settled in a low density scattered settlement pattern on the Ingonyama Trust land in the eastern part of the Municipal Area. Further, population distribution is more focused in the area surrounding Ulundi town, as well as in Wards 9 and 11 to the north thereof.
There also seems to be denser distribution of population in Wards 1, 2 and 3 of the Municipal Area – its more northern portion.
5.1.6 LAND TENURE The largest and eastern part of Ulundi Local Municipality is managed by Tribal Authorities; the western boundary of the Municipality consists of privately owned farms. Ulundi Town, Mahlabathini, Babanango, Mpunamhlophe have official cadastral boundaries and two small areas near Strekstroom and Lottery. The settlements not situated within the area of a Tribal Council include Babanango, Bloubank, Nhlazatshe, Lottery, Sterkstroom and Ngonweni. MAP 9: LAND TENURE
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MAP 9: LAND TENURE
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5.1.7 LAND OWNERSHIP Majority of the land in the eastern parts of Ulundi is owned by the Ingonyama Trust Board (ITB). This land is used for rural settlement purposes of a low-density nature, as well as for subsistence farming. In the western part of the Ulundi Municipality is privately owned land, land used for agriculture and commercial farming. On the far southern edge of the municipality there is a small portion of land used for AMAFA monuments (see map 10). These areas are those that have been protected and have historical significance.
5.1.8 SETTLEMENT PATTERN The majority of the Ulundi is rural with informal settlements. These settlements are scattered unevenly in areas situated on the eastern part of the municipality under Traditional Council. They have poor infrastructure and service provision and are located far from areas with economic opportunities. The existing residential areas distinguishes between the rural settlements and the urbanise settlement. Some of the settlement clusters are situated outside the Traditional Authority areas, Nhlazatshe and a limited extent of Sterkstroom.
The settlement pattern of Ulundi is highly influenced by topography, transport routes and land ownership. Settlements within Ulundi tend to be situated along transport routes and at the foot of mountainous areas. The nature of rural settlements poses a major challenge for both policy makers and service delivery agencies. Communities have articulated the need for services such as access roads, water and electricity. While the government has made significant progress in this regard, the process has proved to be very expensive. The spatial structure or lack thereof causes inefficiency and accounts for relatively high service delivery costs.
Although the settlement clusters are fairly evenly distributed within the Traditional Council areas, there are four areas with distinctly higher densities than the other settlement clusters. These are Mpungamhlope, Nkonjeni, Nqulwane, and Ceza (Ward 3) along road D1724. Mpungamhlophe, Nkonjeni, Nqulane and Ceza have higher density areas.
The most densely settled area is the land surrounding Ulundi town (more than 250 persons per km2), whilst denser settlement patterns are also observed in the northern portion of the Municipal Area (Wards 1, 2, 3 and 5) as well as Ward 23 in the south-central area of the Municipality, along 2 the P47 main road (between Melmoth and Vryheid). Densities in these areas are between 101 and 250 persons per km . MAP 10: SETTLEMENT PATTERN
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5.1.10 INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL LAND ALLOCATION PROCESSES WITH MUNICIPAL SPATIAL PLANNING Traditional leaders are responsible for the allocation of land for different land uses within their areas of jurisdiction. In some instances, these uses compete for the same space. Most common land uses in traditional council areas include settlement (imizi), grazing, limited agriculture, and limited commercial and community facilities. Although this practice has shown resilience and is practised widely through the Province, it can be improved through strategic integration with municipal spatial planning activities.
5.1.11 URBAN EDGE Ulundi is a predominant rural municipality, and essentially, only the town of Ulundi is classified as urban. An urban edge is essentially a geographically-based line on a map indicating the edge between land available for urban development (infill and redevelopment) and land that is to remain part of the rural landscape and natural environment. Infill and redevelopment of lands in existing centres reduces the costs associated with infrastructure investments and servicing. It also revitalizes existing commercial centres, creates densities that support transit and neighbourhood shops, and supports economic development by creating clusters of businesses in close proximity. The more that compact settlements can result from containing development within settlement boundaries, the more communities will become transit friendly, walkable and support viable commercial centres and nodes.
5.1.12 SETTLEMENT EDGE The expansion of rural and isolated settlements is of great concern. The government will continue to battle to provide services efficiently and effectively in these areas, unless this situation is halted. It will also be difficult to turn these areas into sustainable human settlements. The municipality therefore have to work with the landowners, traditional leaders and other relevant authorities to contain furtheroutward expansion of these areas. In particular, the following activities will be undertaken in this regard:
Working with those responsible for land allocation to formulate standards, develop settlement plans and identify potential sites for future residential use, public facilities, etc. Clear identification of land reserved for agricultural purposes, public facilities, public open spaces (active and passive) and other state domestic uses.
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Delineation of settlement edges (outer boundary) beyond, where residential and other physical development will be discouraged. Each boundary will be negotiated with relevant stakeholders. The level of service will depend on the density of each settlement and whether it is earmarked for densification or not. Dense rural settlements will be prioritised for upgrading, delivery of bulk services and provision of public facilities
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MAP 10: SETTLEMENT PATTERN
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5.2 HEALTH FACILITIES
5.2.1 HOSPITALS There are four hospitals located within the Ulundi municipal area namely the Nkonjeni District Hospital, the Ceza District Hospital, the St Francis Psychiatric Hospital and the Thulasizwe MDR TB Hospital. Ulundi has the highest number of hospitals within its municipal area among the municipalities that comprise the Zululand District. The two district hospitals have a total of 19 fixed clinics to whom they provide a referral service. MAP 11: HEALTH FACILITIES: HOSPITALS
5.2.2 CLINICS There are 19 clinics servicing Ulundi Municipality and there are in the eastern boundary of the Municipality. Location of these facilities is in accordance with the settlement patterns of the Municipality. People travel for 3 to 5km to these facilities because of topography challenges. There is no clinic servicing the western boundary of the Municipality as there is no pressure for a permanent clinic, the Municipality can consider a mobile clinic to service this area. MAP 12: HEALTH FACILITIES: CLINICS
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MAP 11: HEALTH FACILITIES: HOSPITALS
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MAP 12: HEALTH FACILITIES: CLINICS
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5.3 LEVELS OF EDUCATION Since the first democratic elections the policies and legislations which were introduced all stressed the importance to take cognisance of the constitutional mandate which states “everyone has a right to education.” Rural areas in particular have made great strides in providing educational facilities, however these facilities have been poorly managed resulting in dilapidated infrastructure. It’s imperative for municipalities to put aside sufficient financial resources to upgrade their educational facilities to ensure equality and stimulate their knowledge to be able to compete in higher educational institutions.
Highest Education indicates that the youth makes great attempts in attending some primary education and some secondary education. However the percentage of children who are enrolled in some primary education is far higher than the percentage of children who complete primary education. This relationship seems to be common throughout and indicates a great depreciation whenever it represents the number of people who have either completed some primary or secondary education.
These levels of education impacts drastically on the type of work opportunities one can create for the populace. Unskilled & semi-skilled labour can be used for labour intensive projects such as infrastructure implementation, but in order for the communities to benefit from opportunities such as tourism, or other opportunities presented by the unique locality of the area, it might be possible or needed that some training be presented to the communities to empower them to utilise these opportunities.
According to the information provided by the Department of Education, there are 168 schools located within the Ulundi municipal area. There are five wards or regions of the Department of Education within the Ulundi municipal area namely the Ceza Ward, the Makhosini Ward, the Mashona Ward, the Okhukho Ward and the Ondini Ward.
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MAPS 13: EDUCATION FACILITIES: PRIMARY SCHOOLS
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MAPS 14: EDUCATION FACILITIES: SECONDARY SCHOOLS
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5.4 POLICE SERVICES
The Ulundi Municipality is serviced by five police stations each with a service radius of 20 kilometres. The police stations are situated in Babanango, Strangers Rest, Ulundi, Mahlabathini and Ceza (near the Hospital). Only the far north west of the Municipality around Ngongweni, and the far eastern areas around Nqulwane are not situated within the 20 kilometre service radius of the police stations.
5.5 TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
The Ulundi Municipality is traversed by two corridors namely the R34 and the R66 routes. The R34 is the main transport link road between Richards Bay and Mpumalanga. The R66 on the other hand provides regional access within the Zululand District Municipality.
Ulundi is situated at the north-western end of the P700 corridor which links Ulundi to Richards Bay, Empangeni, Ntambanana and the Hluhluwe- Mfolozi Park which presents further opportunities for tourism development. This route will provide a shorter travel distance to the Park from Gauteng and Mpumalanga. In addition, the P700 and the P701 provide access to a number of lower order nodes.
The construction and rehabilitation of roads within the Ulundi Municipality was identified as a high priority in the compilation of a Comprehensive Infrastructure Plan (CIP) for the Municipality.
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FIGURE 10: MODE OF TRANSPORT
The priority of the construction and rehabilitation of roads in the CIP was prompted by the need for improved transport routes, improved access to the central business district and the provision of better quality roads for use by the communities in the Municipality. Responsibility for the compilation of the CIP vests in the Zululand District Municipality and a draft thereof is awaited by the Ulundi Municipality.
The largest proportions of the population within the Ulundi Municipality (74%) are pedestrians who do not have access to any other regular mode of transportation.
The Ulundi Municipality is served by three taxi associations, based in Ulundi, Babanango and Denny Dalton. Babanango and Denny Dalton act mainly as commuter services, and as feeders for the Ulundi rank.
There are 13 local routes operated by the Ulundi Taxi Association, 7 routes run by the Babanango Taxi Association, and 6 local routes run by the Denny Dalton Taxi Association, with several long distance routes to various destinations adding to the total.
There is a freight railway line traverses the Municipal area in an east west direction stretching from Ngongweni in the west, via Ulundi to Ngqolothi in the east. MAPS 17: TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
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5.5.1 PRINCE MANGOSUTHU BUTHELEZI AIRPORT
The Prince Mangosuthu Buthelezi Airport is situated just to the South of Ulundi and is accessible from the R66l and plays an important role in the marketing of Zululand District as a tourism, as well as business destination. Although the airport is currently operated by the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial government, a feasibility study has been drawn up, proposing that the airport be transferred to the Zululand District Municipality. The District is expected to benefit from the airport on the following activities
SECTOR ACTIVITY TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Market Air Connectivity to Travel Agencies Establish Destination Resort at P700 Entrance to Hluhluwe/Ulundi Municipality Draw Freight Services Company to Airport BUSINESS AND SERVICES SECTOR Establish Post Office Depot at Airport Flight Training School For Emerging Pilots Agriculture Opportunities Related to Airport - link to Dube Trade Port SOURCE: ULUNDI AIRPORT -
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MAPS 15: POLICE STATION
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MAPS 16: SOCIAL SERVICE
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MAPS 17: TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
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5.6 WATER AND SANITATION
5.6.1 WATER PROVISION
In terms of the Water Services Act of 1997 the Zululand District Municipality is the water services authority for its area of jurisdiction which includes the Ulundi Municipality. The Zululand District Municipality is also the water services provider within the service area of the Ulundi Municipality.
There has been a dramatic increase from 1996 to 2001 to 2011 in the number of households who have been provided with piped access to water inside the dwelling or yard. There has also been, as can be expected, a reduction of households who have no access to piped water over the same period. The reduction is not as dramatic as the increase in households who now have access to piped water in the dwelling / yard, since, over the same time periods; there has also been an increase in the number of households residing in the Municipal Area.
According to the 2011 census results, a total of 52.6% of households within the Municipal Area have access to piped water either in the dwelling (22.21%) or in the yard (30.39%). A further 9.45% of households have water within the RDP standard level of service, i.e. within 200m from their dwellings. However, there are still some 32.62% of households who indicated that they have no access to piped water.
Access to Piped Water 20 000
10 000
0 Piped (tap) waterPiped inside (tap) dwelling/yard water on a Nocommunal access to stand piped (tap) water
Year 1996 Year 2001 Year 2011 FIGURE 10: ACCESS TO PIPED WATER
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5.6.2 FREE BASIC WATER
The Zululand District Municipality has adopted a Free Basic Water Services Policy as follows:
• All households will receive six kilolitres of potable water per month free of charge for domestic use
• Industrial, commercial and institutional consumers do not qualify for free basic water services
• All water supplied from standpipes and rudimentary systems will be free
According to the Ulundi IDP, there are five water treatment works in operation within the Ulundi Municipality. These include the Ulundi WTW, the Babanango WTW, the Mpungamhlope WTW, the Masokaneni WTW and the Nkonjeni Hospital WTW. The largest of these is the Ulundi Water Treatment Works, which provides for the full demand of the town. The Babanango and Mpungamhlope WTW requires emergency upgrades.
5.7 SANITATION PROVISION
The Zululand District Municipality is the water services (including sanitation) authority and water services provider within the service area of the Ulundi Municipality. Sanitation in the rural areas is being provided in the form of dry-pit VIP toilets and the strategy is to implement these simultaneously with the roll-out of water. This ensures a more cost-efficient delivery of water and sanitation services, combined with health and hygiene awareness training.
There has been a dramatic increase from 1996 to 2001 to 2011 in the number of households who have been provided with flush or chemical toilet facilities. There has also been a significant decrease between 2001 and 2011 in the number of households who has no access to toilet facilities. However, some 6,307 households still had, in 2011, no access to toilet facilities. This represents 18% of all households. It must be noted that over the same period, the number of households
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MAPS 18: WATER PROVISION
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Type of Sanitation 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 Flush or Pit latrine Bucket latrine None chemical toilet
Year 1996 Year 2001 Year 2011
FIGURE 12: COMMUNITY ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES
It is in particularly the south-eastern quarter of the Municipal Area where more than 40% of households have indicated, in 2011, that they do not have access to toilet facilities. Wards 24 (more than 80% no toilets), 7 and 14 (both between 40.1 and 60%) are the most affected areas.
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MAPS 19: SANITATION PROVISION
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5.8 ELETRICITY NETWORK
Access to electricity was measured according to the energy used for lighting purposes. The reason for this is that lighting is the cheapest and therefore the first item powered by electricity. The graph below depicts the number of households with access to electricity.
5.8.1 ELETRICITY ENERGY
Eskom is the energy provider to Ulundi Municipality. There has been more than a significant increase in the usage of electricity for lighting, heating and cooking purposes from 1996 to 2001, as well as from 2001 to 2016.
It is encouraging to note that some 73% of all households indicated in 2016 that they use electricity for lighting purposes. However, there are still some 24% of households that were dependent on candles for lighting purposes in 2016.
Electricity Usage Energy Source For Lighting (2011) NO % 30 000 Electricity 30 104 73.44% 25 000 20 000 Gas 1116 0.52% 15 000 Paraffin 628 0.61% 10 000 Candles (not a valid option) 8566 24.34% 5 000 Solar 9 0.46% 0 Lighting Heating Cooking Animal Dung 22 0.63% Unspecified 505 5.05% Year 1996 Year 2001 Year 2011 Total 38553 100%
TABLE 9: ENERGY SOURCE FOR LIGHTING (2016) TABLE 9: ENERGY SOURCE FOR LIGHTING (2016)
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5.8.2 RENEWABLE ENERGY
Recognizing that the eradication of the electricity service distribution backlogs within the Eskom license area is a long term process, the Municipality has explored alternative energy sources. The use of solar energy provides one solution to the current electricity service distribution backlog. In this regard there are two options being considered MAPS 20: ELECTRICITY / ENERGY
The installation of a solar geyser in households where a water service is available, primarily in urban and peri-urban areas within the Municipality –it was initially planned to install 2 300 solar geysers in households located in Unit K (1 000 households), Unit L (500 households) and Unit M (800 households) from funding provided by Eskom.
In the rural areas solar panels are to be installed in households as an electricity source.
Ward Score Priority Beneficiaries 01 84.00 01 1 028 02 80.50 02 1 500 23 78.50 03 372 03 77.50 04 800 04 73.50 05 3 000 05 73.00 06 1 450 21 72.50 07 150 20 69.50 08 300 12 69.50 08 115 06 66.50 10 227 10 65.50 11 540 14 64.50 12 2 358 09 64.00 13 295 11 64.00 13 120 16 63.50 15 855 08 62.50 16 666
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07 62.00 17 477 24 61.00 18 3 000 15 60.50 19 1 500 13 60.00 20 1 700
FIGURE 14: ESKOM ELECTRICAL PRIORITIZATION MODEL
5.8.3 WASTE REMOVAL AND SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
Refuse removal is currently limited to the urban areas of the Municipality; this service is not available to the existing informal settlements and rural areas, however Hospitals are covered by Ulundi Municipality. As a consequence, the majority of the population disposes of their own refuse in informal dump sites, probably by burning it which impacts negatively on the sustainability of the environment.
The Municipality operated its own waste disposal site but it was closed down because it did not have the necessary authorisation and as a result of concerns raised by affected communities that the site was in close proximity to households. The Zululand District Municipality commissioned an Integrated Waste Management Master Plan that was compiled in June 2002 has been compiled afresh in 2017 so that it is in line with the current situation. It identified two potential solid waste disposal sites within the service area of the Ulundi Municipality, one in Ulundi and the other in Babanango, each with a potential life span in excess of 25 years. In April 2007 a study commissioned by the District Municipality to investigate the establishment of a regional landfill site under the control of the District Municipality recommended that the status quo be retained. Nevertheless, from the perspective of the Ulundi Municipality it is imperative that an alternative to the current solid waste disposal process be pursued, the establishment of a regional landfill site being one possible alternative.
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MAPS 20: EXISTING ELECTRICAL INFRASTUCTURE
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6. ECONOMIOC RESOURCES
6.1 INCOME DISTRIBUTION
Whilst there seemed to be an increase in the number of economically active persons that are formally employed between 1996 to 2001 and 2001 to 2011 within the Municipal Area, it must be noted that the unemployment rate in 2011 was 49.45%. This excludes those who are “discouraged work- seekers” (12.75% of the population aged between 15 and 65 years).
Annual Household Income (Census 2016) 10000 9000 8000 7000 Employment Status 6000 5000 30 000 4000 25 000 3000 20 000 2000 15 000 1000 10 000 0 5 000 0 1996 2001 2011 Year
Employed Unemployed
FIGURE 15: EMPLOYMENT STATUS FIGURE 16: ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD INCOMES
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It is noted that many households residing in areas around Ulundi town, are the poorest of the poor. 20.1% of these households earned less than R400 per month. The assumption is that households were drawn to Ulundi town – the main service and administrative centre within Ulundi – in the hopes of finding employment. Other areas where there is also evidence of low income earning households are Wards 2 and 4 in the northern parts of the Municipal Area and Ward 15 in the south-east.
Employment Status of Adult Population (15-65) (Census 2011) 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 Total Discouraged Other Not Economically Work-Seeker Economically Active Active
FIGURE 17: EMPLOYMENT STATUS (15YRS – 65YRS) (2011)
An indigent household are those households earning, in total, less than R2 500 per month. In terms of this criterion alone, some 45% of the Households who resided in the Ulundi Municipal Area were indigent.
The largest proportion of households – some 68% - earned between R4, 801 and R76, 400 per annum in 2011.
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6.2 AGRICULTURE
The agriculture sector is one of the most important key economic sectors within the Municipality. The Ulundi Municipality has a limited number of cultivated areas, which is mainly grouped on the boundary of the Municipality.
Another large concentration of formal agricultural activities is situated to the north of Mpepho. Smaller groupings of cultivated land are distributed all over the municipal area. Commercial agricultural activities, although few and limited, are scattered around the Municipal area. These activities are located in the following areas:
•Nkonjeni •Mabedlana •Kwadayeni • Babanango
•Mpungamhlope •Bloubank •Ngongweni
Agricultural land distributed within the Ulundi Municipality as follow: Very few pockets of land with good and moderate agricultural potential; The majority of the municipal area has low agricultural potential;
Large pockets of areas with restricted agricultural potential.
The Department of Agriculture developed a new Strategy called AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY in 2014/2015 financial year. The strategy guides all the Agricultural sector development. The Strategy has four legs that are pillars of this important sector:
1. Commercial Estate- this includes public places like community fields where co-operatives are primarily targeted to be the main beneficiaries 2. River Valley – These are fertile areas along the rivers 3. Land Reform which deals with land restitution of mainly Agricultural land 4. Agricultural Villages which deal mainly with Agricultural Markets for specific products
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Forestry activities are limited to the areas around babanango, especially along the R68 road in the south of the Municipality.
The municipality further has four conservation areas. These areas are situated in the following areas:
Eastern boundary adjacent to the Hluhluwe Ulundi Municipality Reserve; •North of KwaMbambo;
Western municipal boundary with Nquthu near Njanbuna; •Ophathe Game Reserve
Agriculture is a major sector within the Municipality and has the potential to contribute to the development of employment opportunities as well as addressing matters related to food security. The KZN Department of Agriculture has three primary programmes that focus on the emerging farmer community within the Municipality.
Large commercial farms are located within the western part of the Ulundi Municipality; these farmers require limited assistance from the Department. Each ward in the Municipality has its own farmers association representing the interests of the farmers, commercial and emerging, in that ward.
Agricultural programmes: The development of agricultural programmes is also vital to sustainable rural development and agrarian reform, as it has potential to address food security issues. These programmes should be packaged in a manner that enables knowledge transfers between existing and emerging farmers (especially those who come from a subsistence background).
Ulundi Municipality, as part of the Agricultural main stream, has begun preparing its own Agricultural Plan that is going to be in line with the Government Strategy where Agriculture features prominently as one of the main economic drivers in the country in many ways.
6.2.1 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES
The Ulundi Municipality has a limited number of cultivated areas, which is mainly grouped on the eastern boundary of the municipality. Another large concentration of formal agricultural activities is situated to the north of Mpepho. There are smaller groupings of cultivated land distributed all over
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• Nkonjeni (To the West) • Mabedlana (To the East) • Kwadayeni (To the East) • Babanango (To the West) • Mpungamhlope (To the North)
• Bloubank (To the West) • Ngongweni (To the West)
Forestry activities are limited to the areas around babanango, especially along the R68 road in the south of the municipality. The municipality further has four conservation areas. These areas are situated in the following locations:
Eastern boundary adjacent to the Hluhluwe Ulundi Municipality Reserve; • Just north of KwaMbambo; • Ophathe Game Reserve
• On the western Municipal boundary with Nquthu near Njanbuna;
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MAPS 21: AGRICULTURE
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6.3 TOURISM RESOURCES
Ulundi is rich with Zulu Culture and has a range of tourist attractions which relates directly to the history of the Zulu Kingdom. The sites include graves of Zulu Kings all buried in the Makhosi Valley (Valley of the Zulu Kings) and the Italeni battlefields. These cultural assets can be developed into a tourism route and can be linked to the historical sites situated at the adjacent Nkandla Municipality. Apart from the historical significant areas, a number of game farms are situated on the Northern boundary of the Municipality.
The proximity of the airport provides opportunities for high quality products to be advertised. The Ulundi LED strategy identifies the following key issues which need to be addressed in order to unlock the tourism potential of the Municipality.
The development of eMakhosini area to attract more tourism The completion of P700 to link Ulundi with uThungulu thus increasing the number of tourism to the area. Investigation of more tourist routes with other Municipalities like Nongoma.
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MAPS 22: TOURISM
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6.4 INDUSTRIAL RESOURCES
The Ulundi LED Strategy indicates that Ulundi Municipality lacks industries that can employ people on a large scale. Agriculture is the most prominent sector within Ulundi Municipality; it is natural that industry development should be aimed at processing agricultural produce to benefit from beneficiation of products.
6.5 BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL RESOURCES
According to the Ulundi LED Strategy, Ulundi Town is the only commercial and services centre of the Municipality. It is further indicated that most of the population conducts their shopping outside of the municipal area. There is thus a need to expand on this sector and to ensure that disposable income is circulated within Ulundi Municipality and not within other municipal areas.
6.6 ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
With Ulundi being the old capital of the KwaZulu and currently the seat of the Zululand District Municipality, it is natural that government and community services play a big role in the economy of the Municipality with 57% of the GGP being generated by the sector. Agriculture contributing 20.3% to the GGP.
The spatial economy of Ulundi Municipality revolves around the development of three prominent regional development corridors
The coal corridor from Richards Bay and Empangeni along the R34 through Vryheid to Piet Retief and to Mpumalanga coal mining areas; The railway line from Gauteng and Mpumalanga passing through Ulundi en route to Richards Bay;
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Secondary development corridors that run from Vryheid through Louwsberg and on to the N2; and along the R66 from Pongola through Nongoma and Ulundi to the R34.
Further economic opportunities that can be explored include the mining areas around Nqulwane(although the future of Mining in this area is uncertain) and the forestry activities around Babanango.
6.7 CAPITAL INVESTMENT FRAMEWORK
Capital Investment Framework (CIF) is the process of improving the quality of life and economic well-being of the people living in relatively and sparsely populated areas. The CIF will assist the municipality with the following:
Ensuring improved management of the municipal existing infrastructure; Priorities projects and programmes in the context of a limited capital
budget; and
Direct future public and private investment to prioritise issues.
The CIF consist of construction projects which should have a physical locality. It is therefore necessary to correctly plot these projects, to have an accurate Spatial Development Framework (which is the physical manifestation of the IDP). It is therefore necessary for the Local Municipality to provide detailed localities for the project.
PRIORITY PROJECT FINANCIAL YEAR FINANCIAL FINANCIAL SPATIAL CAPITAL NATIONAL KPA PROVINCIAL (MIG) 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 DISTRIBUTION GOAL 2016/2017 2017/2018 2018/2019
20 Hlophekhulu Community Hall R 2 844 595 Nqulwane Node W24 Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs,
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Infrastructure Poverty Reduction 21 Mahlane Gravel Road R 5 800 000 Mahlabathini/Ulundi Node Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs, W10 Infrastructure Poverty Reduction 22 B South Hall R 1 449 445 Mahlabathini/Ulundi Node Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs, W19 Infrastructure Poverty Reduction 23 Unit A Community Hall R 1 255 249 Mahlabathini/Ulundi Node Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs, W18 Infrastructure Poverty Reduction 24 Unit D Roads Phase 2 R 11 715 875 Mahlabathini/Ulundi Node Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs, W22 Infrastructure Poverty Reduction 25 Unit C Roads Phase 2 R 562 629 Mahlabathini/Ulundi Node Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs, W12 Infrastructure Poverty Reduction 26 Access Gravel Road R 4 703 252 Mahlabathini/Ulundi Node Service Delivery and Infrastructure, Jobs, W13 Infrastructure Poverty Reduction
TABLE 15: ULUNDI IDP
6.8 CLIMATE CHANGE
The Ulundi Municipality needs to respond to climate change/environmental to ensure that potential climate change impacts are catered for in Disaster Management.
Promotion of integrated and coordinated spatial development within the Municipality Adaptation to climate Change, Manage pressure on Biodiversity, Venture on alternative renewable energy To ensure that the Municipality’s development strategies and projects take cognizance of environmentally sensitive areas and promote the protection of environmental assets
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6.9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Currently the District Municipality has primary responsibility for dealing with events of a disastrous nature that occur within the area of jurisdiction of the Municipality. The District Municipality established a disaster management center located at the Prince Mangosuthu Buthelezi Airport situated on the P700 adjacent to the Ulundi central business district.
The prevalence of the HIV / AIDS pandemic features prominently in the disaster risk posed within the area of jurisdiction of the Municipality as a consequence of human disease.
Disaster management is essential due to the high risk of fires in the Ulundi Municipal area. Public awareness programmes are conducted to empower communities on how to reduce risks and recognize risk situations and take the appropriate remedial action.
As a point of departure it is important to identify the various disaster management risks prevalent within the service area of the Municipality.
There are currently very limited structures that are able to engage stakeholders and role-players across the wide spectrum required to address disaster management matters. The emphasis is on a disaster related matters.
Poor Land allocation practiced by Traditional Leaders. Roads within rural areas are in poor state of repair and contributes towards poor accessibility. Severe lack of arable land.
6.10 WATER MANAGEMENT
The District Municipality is the water services authority within the area of jurisdiction of the Municipality and produces on an annual basis a Water Services Development Plan which identifies flood lines and ensures that development does not occur in places where there is a risk of flood damage.
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This situation should be further underpinned by the development of a Spatial Development Framework for the Municipality which identifies areas suitable for specific land use and development, including areas where potential flooding may occur.
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7. SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT AND STRATEGY
Municipality SDF gives effect to the long-term strategic intent and short to medium development program as outlined in the IDP. It presents the desired future spatial situation and outlined strategic interventions for its attainment.
7.1 MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT VISION
The Ulundi Local Municipality development vision was developed as part of the Integrated Development Planning process, which is line with the requirements of the Municipal Systems Act, with this vision the Municipality commits to focus on socio-economic development and entrusts the municipality with the responsibility of delivering basic affordable services that are sustainable. The vision strongly emphasizes the need for good governance and has a strong commitment to the heritage and tradition within the area. The attainment of this vision requires the municipality to facilitate the development of a spatial system that:
Is sustainable from a social, economic, financial, physical and institutional perspective; Provides for an efficient movement system and embraces frugality in the use of scarce resources; Promotes integrated development; and Promotes equitable access to development opportunities.
The IDP Vision for Ulundi Local Municipality reads as follows:
A developmental city of heritage focusing on good governance, socio-economic development and upholding tradition to promote sustainable service delivery”
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7.2 SPATIAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
The primary aim of the SDF is to facilitate the transformation of Ulundi into an integrated and sustainable spatial system. The SDF will influence directly the substantive outcomes of planning decisions towards the attainment of the following strategic objectives:
To give a spatial expression to the development vision, strategy and multi-sectoral projects as outlined in the IDP. To create a spatial environment that promotes and facilitates economic development and growth. To facilitate the development of sustainable human settlements across the continuum and in line with national policy directives. To promote sustainable development and enhance the quality of the natural environment. To facilitate sustainable and efficient utilisation of land. To guide private and public investment to the most appropriate areas in support of the municipal spatial development vision; To provide a visual representation of the desired spatial form of the municipality.
SDF seeks to influence the substantive outcomes of planning decisions at different levels and to achieve planning outcomes that:
facilitates correction of spatial distortions; channel resources to areas of greatest need and development potential; take into account the fiscal, institutional and administrative capacities of role players, the needs of communities and the environment; stimulate economic development opportunities in rural areas; protects and enhances the quality of both the physical and natural environments; and promote an inherent value of the natural and built environment
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7.2.1 KEY PLANNING PRINCIPLES
The Spatial Development Visions of Ulundi Municipality is structured through the analysis of the Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act (SPLUMA) principles. The SPLUMA principles are a more precise analogy of the PGDS principles and the DGDP principles, which allow for greater flexibility when spatially analysing a municipality’s vision.
The SPLUMA principles are subsequently entrenched in the overarching principles of the erstwhile DFA which sought to influence spatial planning decisions to do the following:
Promote integration of social, economic, institutional, and physical aspects of land development. Integrated land development in rural and urban areas in support of each other. The availability of residential and employment opportunities in close proximity to or integrated with each other. Optimise the use of existing resources relating to agriculture, land, minerals, bulk infrastructure, roads, transportation, and social facilities. Promote a diverse combination of land uses, also at the level of individual stands or subdivisions of land. Discourage the phenomenon of urban sprawl in urban areas and contribute to the development of more compact towns and cities. Contribute to the correction of historically distorted spatial patterns of settlement. Encourage environmentally sustainable land development practices and processes. These principles have informed the planning and development strategies intended to carve the future spatial outlook for Ulundi Municipality and its inhabitants whilst contributing to National and Provincial developmental targets.
7.2.2 EMERGING DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
The following emerging issues of Ulundi Municipality have been classified under the five principles of SPLUMA
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SPATIAL JUSTICE Creating more sustainable local communities with incremental upgrading strategies. Improve physical accessibility of rural area to services and opportunities. Local benefits from land development potential to Agriculture and Tourism Improved infrastructure services against anticipated growth trends. Land development procedures will include provisions that accommodate access to secure tenure and the incremental upgrading of informal area. Land use management systems are inclusive of all areas of a municipality and specifically include informal settlements and former homeland area SPATIAL SUSTAINABILITY Sensitive and degraded landscapes within the most impoverished rural areas. Balanced development within carrying capacity of natural environment. Ensuring protection of the prime and unique agricultural land. Ensuring protection the environment and other protected lands and the safe utilisation of land; Promoting land development in locations which are sustainable and limit urban sprawl. SPATIAL RESILIANCE Need for local self-sufficiency built around rural nodes. Ability to absorb impacts of increasing populations SPATIAL EFFICIENCY Increased Accessibility linked to regional networks. Spatial concentrations around nodes and corridors. Land development optimises the use of existing resources and infrastructure. Ability to attract and benefit from emerging opportunities in economic sectors. GOOD ADMINSITRATION Linkages of spatial strategies to projects and capital budgets The requirements of any law relating to land development and land use are met timeously. Localised Land Use Scheme guidelines in all areas.
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7.3 MAIN PERFORMANCE QUALITIES
The main performance qualities stem from the principles identified in section 6.1. These performance qualities represent the key aspects by which the Ulundi Municipality SDF intends to be measured against in the long term.
7.3.1 MAXIMISED ACCESSIBILITY
Accessibility promotes the highest level of accessibility to resources, services, opportunities and other communities. This is intrinsically linked to transportation planning and should consider localised needs for the transportation of people and goods by various modes of transport as guided by the scale and function of a region. In addressing accessibility at provincial and local level, the need for possible new linkages, the upgrade in the capacity of existing linkages and the suitable mix of modes of transport should be considered.
7.3.2 SPATIAL EQUITY
The way in which space is structured can either create limitations or create opportunities for socio-economic development. The question of “who benefits and why” governs the logic for the provision of urban and rural services. From the perspective of achieving an equitable region in Ulundi, the question being asked is who should benefit and why should they benefit. Promoting spatial equity in Ulundi Municipality is an important aspect of the Spatial Development Framework as will be reflected in the strategies thereof.
7.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY / EFFICIENCY
Responsible planning and socio-economic development must take into consideration environmental protection, conservation and management; ensuring efficiency in resource use, energy, transport, etc.
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The natural environment within Ulundi Municipality produces resources which are the basic inputs to economic activities. Furthermore, environmental sustainability forms the bases for (i) where development can occur and not occur; (ii) what type of activity can be allowed or not allowed; and (iii) the level of intensity of activity to be allowed in specific locations in Ulundi Municipality.
7.4 THE CORE SPATIAL CONCEPT
The core concept is a central point on how development within the spatial realm is intended to pan out. It captures the vision and how this can be achieved based on the outcomes of the regional evaluation and an identified set of performance criteria. It pulls together the main performance qualities in order to create a spatial logic to Ulundi Municipality’s development.
As agriculture is the backbone of Ulundi Municipality’s economy, it is vital to utilise its natural resource base to foster a path of economic development with benefits to its population and beyond. The vision envisages a spatial structure which has the ability to enhance spatial efficiency and equity with the ultimate aim of an improved quality of life. The concept of spatial integration and differentiation take centre stage to inform the most appropriate spatial structure which will then inform strategies of the Ulundi Municipality SDF.
7.5 SPATIAL INTEGRATION
Spatial Integration in Ulundi is concerned with how rural-urban linkages are created to enhance the interdependency existent in the space economy. This linkage being sought is to promote the relationship between people, goods and services within the regional domain.
Movement and transport with good infrastructure, feature as an enabling element to foster linkages within the region. Efficiency becomes a relevant aspect of movement which needs to be considered in the spatial framework for Ulundi in an attempt to integrate the municipal and regional space.
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The locations of settlements in relation to natural resources sit at the fore of making economic opportunities available at different spatial scales. Spatial Integration promotes a variety of economic activities at appropriate locations and it is a prerequisite to spatial heterogeneity and for the development of strong linkages in the spatial, economic and social system.
7.6 SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION
The differentiation of space is equally relevant if the issue of sustainability is to be addressed. The idea of spatial differentiation is intended to provide logic to where development should happen and should not happen, and how spaces with different characteristics can be used appropriately.
One of the main elements is the environmental qualities embedded in the geophysical make-up of Ulundi’s landscape. Places of conservation, ridge lines, slopes, rivers and associated catchments can be considered as absolute indicators which determine where human activities should be prohibited or limited. The differentiation of space will determine the extent to which human activities can be allowed based on varying impacts on the natural resource base.
7.7 KEY SPATIAL STRATEGIES
The strategies for Ulundi Municipality are intended to provide short, medium and long term direction to various aspects of development including spatial planning, economic development, infrastructure planning and environmental planning. The ultimate aim is to ensure a better quality of life of municipal residents through aspects dealing with spatial restructuring, accessibility and mobility, economic opportunities and spatial resilience.
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7.7.1 SUPPORTING AN EFFICIENT MOVEMENT SYSTEM
The desired movement structure for the Ulundi spatial framework includes public investment in road connections to support public transport and pedestrian movement with the aim of enhancing linkages with activity areas.
7.7.2 ENCOURAGING STRONG AND VIABLE NODES
This strategy involves the identification of a hierarchy of nodal areas where mixed use activities and services can be concentrated. The prerequisite for this strategy is connectivity and public transport to enable ease of access to the targeted threshold population within the municipality. This will be related to areas feasible for priority spending on infrastructure, basic services and essential public services, ideally, to support surrounding settlements.
7.7.3 SUPPORTING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN APPROPRIATE LOCATIONS
The desired locations for public and private investment is related to priority spending areas where need is considered a key determinant for socio- economic investment. Whilst this strategy is interrelated to the intent for nodal areas, this strategy refers specifically to needy areas which ultimately justify themselves for priority spending on infrastructure, housing, basic services and essential public services to support particular settlements.
7.7.4 SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
The desired spatial form for Ulundi involves the conservation of areas of environmental significance such as indigenous vegetation, priority biodiversity areas, wetlands, rivers and their surroundings, etc. For this strategy to work there is the need for management and enforcement of environmental laws and negotiation processes to enhance the viability of environmental conservation and management in the Municipality. These, together form part of contributing towards the minimisation of the related effects of climate change and achieving a sustainable environmental system.
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8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION
Monitoring, evaluation, reporting and adaptive management are widely recognised as fundamental components for effective municipal planning. This often takes the form of a Performance Management System (PMS), and forms an integral part of the IDP. Similarly, monitoring and evaluation of the impact of the SDF should not be considered as a once-off and separate exercise, but a continuous and iterative process that forms part of the overall assessment of the performance of the municipality. It helps to identify aspects or components of the SDF that need to be amended or strengthened, and thus keep the SDF relevant to the strategic spatial agenda of the municipality.
Evaluating the impact of the SDF seeks to establish whether its operational mechanisms support achievement of the objectives or not and understand why. It will look at activities, outputs, and outcomes, use of resources and causal links. Improve efficiency and efficacy of operational processes. Where possible and necessary, it will measure changes in outcomes (and wellbeing of target population) attributable to a specific intervention. It will inform high-level officials on extent to which intervention should be continued or not, and if any potential modifications needed.
OBJECTIVES PERFORMANCE INDICATORS MEANS OF VERIFICATION STRATEGY ENCOURAGE STRONG AND Development of a wall-to-wall scheme for the Number, nature and budgets for municipal The nodes will be developed by focusing VIABLE NODE whole of Ulundi Municipality, in order to projects in each nodal area. strategic and high impact projects within integrate settlements through the use of development nodes. appropriate town planning controls. Level of access and location of public facilities serving different communities in these nodes DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL AND Supply of potable water to all households Determination of standards for facility The Municipality to work together with SERVICE INFRASTRUCTURE within nodal areas; provision in nodal areas. government departments to improve the Number of households with toilet facility; Improved access to water and sanitation quality of life of residents through the Eradication of electricity backlogs services development and improvement of social Frequency of waste collection in nodal areas Improved access to energy and service infrastructure. and settlements Phased municipal waste collection services Frequency of mobile services to remote Improved access to social facilities settlements; UNLOCKING ECONOMIC Increased investment in terms of tourism, Attract Private sector investment The Municipality to promote spatial DEVELOPMENT leisure and agriculture within Ulundi Local Tourism development Commercial & planning in order to drive social and
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Municipality. agricultural development in nodal areas economic development. Develop a tourism development plan to make Public-private partnerships for economic use of potential tourism sites within Ulundi initiatives Municipality. Number of local people involved in local economic initiative Commercial & industrial development applications received by the municipality. Percentage increase in commercial land. CONTINUUM OF SUSTAINABLE Development of a Local Area Plan including a Determination of standards for facility HUMAN SETTLEMENTS densification strategy. provision in different settlement types (urban, and form of settlements by undertaking Development of settlement plans for dense dense rural, dispersed rural). municipal-wide settlement planning rural settlements. Identification of appropriately located land for housing development and infill development. Implementation of different types of housing projects. SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL Delineation of 1:50 years and 1:100 year flood- Effective Water Resource Management The municipality to work with all CONSERVATION AND lines. Delineation of flood risk areas stakeholders towards an environmentally MANAGEMENT Improved sanitation and waste management Establishment of Municipal Open Space System sustainable development services in nodal areas. Established environmental management Application of carrying capacity standards to grazing land management. Extent of land cleared of alien plants. Rehabilitation and Protection of indigenous forests. Management of bio-diversity corridors. Inclusion of an Environmental Management overlay on Wall-to wall scheme. REGIONAL ACCESS AND ROAD Number and location of roads upgraded. Upgrading of major access and arterial/link Creating new linkages and improving the NETWORK Kilometres of roads upgraded. roads. existing major roads in the Municipality to Construction of new roads. Improving access to the existing and growing provide opportunities for development. Number of high impact and catalytic projects settlements.
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located along development corridors. Location of development nodes along and at Type and level of services provided to the intersection of key roads. settlements located along development Focusing development projects on settlements corridors. located along highly accessible routes. PROTECTION OF AGRICULTURAL Identification and mapping of agricultural land High potential agricultural land The Municipality to put forward the LAND with high potential. Agricultural protection plans Agricultural development of an Agricultural Size and use of high potential agricultural land. development support Development Plan to avoid lack of land-use Scheme clauses designed to protect high coordination. potential agricultural land. Introduction of land use controls for agricultural land. Initiatives to promote agriculture. Direct support to land reform projects. SUSTAINABLE SPATIAL Number of LAP‟s prepared Development of Local Area Plans for The Municipality will refine the SDF and PLANNING SYSTEM Number of approved settlement plans development nodes develop it further through the formulation Generation of new spatial data Developing settlement plans of a series of plans with varying degrees of Improved GIS system and data Mapping of izigodi detail and flexibility. Accepted norms and standards for site sizes. Mapping of settlements within each izigodi The Municipality will work together with Identified factors that should be considered Development of Guidelines for land Allocation Traditional leadership to Integrate when allocating land for different land uses. Training and Capacity Building of Traditional Traditional Land Allocation Processes with Spatial identification and coding of rights leaders Municipal Spatial Planning allocated. Register of land rights holders Improved capacity and understanding of spatial information by Traditional leadership
TABLE: ULUNDI SDF MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK
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9. AREAS OF POTENTIAL INTERVENTION.
9.1 NODES
Nodes define an area where people and transportation routes congregate. Nodal development allows for the efficient development of urban and rural areas to accommodate a compact, transit-oriented, pedestrian-friendly area where concentrations of residential, employment, retail and other uses are located.
These rural areas fall under a dual system of governance both traditional and democratic, however most of it falls under traditional authority. Following is a list of the features that define rural settings within the province:
• Fragmented service delivery
• Extreme Poverty
• High Disease Burden
• Incomes are Low with heavy reliance on social transfers
• Economic opportunities are scarce
• Natural environment is being eroded
As a tool to counteract the above-mentioned development issues, nodal development has been implemented to fast track the delivery of basic services and promote local economic development. Therefore it can be included that nodal development is both an economic and social initiative.
The nodes were selected where land uses already dictated the existence or growth of such nodes. The nodes are indicated within their nodal classification/hierarchy which consists of the following:
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• Primary Node: Urban centre with very high existing economic growth and the potential for expansion
• Secondary Node: Similar to a primary node, with regards to having good existing economic development and potential growth and services to the region.
• Economic Development Node: These provide services to the sub-regional economy and community needs
• Rural Service nodes: These are the lowest level of nodes which are established around existing traditional administration centres as well as other accessible rural points identified as periodic markets. These serve as first access to basic services within rural areas.
9.2 URBAN AND RURAL NODES
The town of Ulundi is situated on the R66 which connects Ulundi directly to Nongoma in the North and Melmoth to the south, then leading to the N2 which connects the town to the coastal cities. The town of Ulundi is the only formal urbanised nodes and houses all formal (first Economy) economic activities within the Municipality. The areas surrounding the town of Ulundi are characterised as large, densely populated tribal areas with an informal settlement pattern. These areas are completely reliant on Ulundi for employment, goods and services. Due to the high population density, concentration and service demands, large sections of these tribal areas can be classified as emerging urban settlements.
There are PRIMARY NODES within the Ulundi municipal area.
A primary node is an urban centre with very high economic activities and potential for growth. It has complex economy which is not limited to the local area. It plays an important role at all levels (national, provincial and local). It also provides, among others, regional health and social facilities, complex industries, high density residential developments and shopping centres of +25 000m
Babanango Ceza Mpungamhlophe Nqulwane Ulundi/Mahlabatini.
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The SECONDARY NODES include
A secondary node is an urban centre with simple to complex economy and the potential for growth. It services the regional economy, provides health, social and justice services at a regional scale with shopping centres ranging between 20 000m² – 25 000m²
Nhlazatshe Mhlahlane Zungu Ezimfabeni Ntintini Stedham Dlebe Mame.
There is a possibility of the development of another node at the intersection of the R34 and the R66 (Ulundi 19) which can serve as the gateway to the Zulu kingdom. Possibilities exist to develop the node as a modal interchange, and the development of a tourist centre to include restaurants, curio shops and an information service to stimulate the tourism industry.
Tertiary Centres
• Gazini • Ezimfabeni • Dlebe • Nhlazatshe • Mhlahlane • Ntonjeni • Mahlabatini • Zungu • Okhukho • eMakhosini
REGIONAL CORRIDOR
The R34 runs through the western portion of the municipality and is considered one of the primary movement corridors in Ulundi municipality. Ulundi Municipality recognizes the significance of the R34 at a regional level, and the opportunities it presents for the Municipality. Connecting Abaqulusi Local Municipality to Ulundi, Melmoth, Eshowe and Richards Bay
PRIMARY CORRIDOR
The R66 runs roughly in a northeast-south westerly direction and provides regional access within the Zululand District Municipality. This route has been identified as the primary corridor. The town of Ulundi is situated on the R66, which is the main economic centre of the Ulundi Municipality.
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SECONDARY CORRIDOR
The secondary routes include the R68, the P700 and the P48 through Babanango. Ulundi is situated at the base of the P700 corridor, which links Ulundi to Richards Bay, Ntambanana, and the Hluhluwe, Umfolozi Park and presents further opportunities for tourism development. This route will provide a shorter route to the Park from Gauteng and Mpumalanga. The P700 and P701 further provide access to a number of lower order nodes
TERTIARY DEVELOPMENT CORRIDORS
Tertiary routes links potential proposed satellite municipal development nodes and provides access to public and commercial facilities at a community level. Tertiary routes link the following areas:
Dlebe Ezimfabeni Mhlahlane Ntonjeni Mahlabatini Okhukho Zungu.
MAIN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR
The R34 connecting Abaqulusi Local Municipality to Ulundi, Melmoth, Eshowe and ultimately Richardsbay. Still very Little Development occurs along t his route and the comparative advantages presented is not being utilised.
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10. CROSS BORDER ALIGNEMENT
Cross-border planning is a participatory process which involves inputs from neighbouring municipal officials, in order to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes. Ulundi forms part of a larger system of local governance and regional economy and is influenced and also influences development in the neighbouring areas. Cross-border planning issues have become more prevalent and significant. The focus is on strategic or shared development issues that would benefit from a joint approach, and engaging with the relevant neighbouring authorities to explore joint working potential. This section intends to ensure that there is no disharmony between proposals that are suggested by the Ulundi SDF and its neighbouring municipalities. Neighbouring municipalities include:
Abaqulusi Local Municipality to the north; Nqutu Local Municipality to the west; Nkandla Local Municipality to the southwest; Mthonjaneni Local Municipality to the south; Ntambanana Local Municipality to the southeast; Hlabisa Local Municipality to the east; and Nongoma Local Municipality to the northeast.
10.1 ZULULAND DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY
The Zululand District Municipality developed a SDF. It identifies the following nodes and corridors, which are in line with the Ulundi SDF.
Primary development node as Ulundi. Tertiary development nodes: Babanango, Ceza, Mpungamhlophe and Nqulwane Primary corridor - R34, R66; Secondary corridors: R68, P700.
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10.2 ABAQULUSI LOCAL MUNUCIPALITY SDF
Development Corridors
The Abaqulusi SDF has indicates the P34 as a tourism corridor, linking to Ulundi’s Regional corridor (P34) from the north.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
P700 road links Richards Bay and Gauteng via Ulundi and Vryheid. This route provides economic opportunities to for these towns as it leads to areas of economic significance such as Richards bay and Gauteng.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
Vryheid and Ulundi are the main commercial and industrial centres within the Zulu land district Municipality and server the greater rural settlement within the district.
Potential Contradictions
None apparent
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10.3 NONGOMA MUNICIPAL SDF
Development Corridors
The Nongoma SDF 2012/17 identifies the R66 as a primary corridor leading from Nongoma into Ulundi.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
Reference is made in the Nongoma SDF 2012/17 of the Economic investment mainly in western and southwestern segments of the municipality long the R66 route between Nongoma and Ulundi.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
Ulundi and Nongoma Municipality are the main service centres in the Southern Region of the Zulu Land District Municipality.
Potential Contradictions
None apparent.
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10.4 MTHONJANENI MUNICIPALITY SDF
Development Corridors
A Primary linkage road has been identified within the Mthonjaneni Municipality SDF that traverses into the Ulundi Municipal area acting as a development corridor. The Two Municipalities link along the R66 road.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
Accept for the large portion of conservation and tourism found in the south of Ulundi and northern area of Mthonjaneni Municipality very little cross border dependencies exist.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
The Ulundi SDF 2011/12 highlights the potential conservation and tourism along the southern boundary connected to Mthonjaneni Municipality. The conservation elements are found in both areas in cross border correlation and should form the primary cross boundary co-operation between the two municipal areas.
Potential Contradictions
None apparent.
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10.5 NTAMBANANA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF
Development Corridors
The P700 emanates from the R66 and links the Ntambanana and Ulundi Local Municipality. This road is the main transportation route between the two towns.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
The Ntambanana SDF illustrates areas with infrastructure and housing towards the boundary linking it to the Ulundi SDF that identifies Nqulwane as a rural service center from where these surrounding settlements can benefit.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
There are no particular elements that needs extensive cross boundary co-operation between the municipalities involved.
Potential Contradictions
Potential contradictions occur between environmental management areas in the south eastern corner of the Ulundi SDF and infrastructure and housing in the northern portions of the Ntambanana SDF.
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10.6 NQUTU MUNICIPALITY SDF
Development Corridors
The draft Nquthu SDF of 2015 indicates the P291 route as a secondary corridor connecting to Babanango. The Ulundi SDF views the P291 route as a main movement corridor, which appears to signify the same intentions as the secondary corridor referred to in the Nquthu SDF.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
The western parts of Ward 13 within Ulundi have significant rural villages, which, due to topography and proximity, appear to be more directly dependent on goods and services from the nearby Rural Service Node in Nondweni within Nqutu Local Municipality. It is therefore important that this Rural Service Node considers the population from Ward 13 (Ulundi) as part of the thresholds for services within that node.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
Furthermore, as can be seen from the Nqutu SDF map, the eastern areas of that municipality is also indicated as subsistence agriculture and tourism, which corresponds to the Rural Landscape as, contained within the Ulundi SDF. Rural agricultural and tourism development projects within these areas should be coordinated between the two municipalities.
Potential Contradictions
None apparent
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10.7 NKANDLA MUNICIPALITY SDF
Development Corridors
There is no clear evidence of a development corridor between Nkandla and Ulundi Local Municipality. These two municipalities are linked via the R66 ROAD.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
The Nkandla SDF illustrates the town of Nkandla as a main economic service from where rural areas in the south western portions (ward 16) of Ulundi can draw tremendous befits being close to a main economic node.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
There are no particular elements that needs extensive cross boundary co-operation between the municipalities involved.
Potential Contradictions
None apparent.
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10.8 HLABISA LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SDF
Development Corridors
There are no particular development corridors linking these municipal areas except for local access routes according to the Ulundi and Hlabisa SDF’s.
Cross Boundary Dependencies
The Hlabisa SDF refers to the construction of a power line in Hlabisa, which will be connected from Okhukho (Ulundi) for power lines.
Cross Boundary Co-operation
The Hlabisa SDF highlights potential areas for Agricultural production along the western border that corresponds with the eastern border illustrated in the Ulundi SDF specified as environmental management.
Potential Contradictions
None apparent.
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11. LAND USE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
11.1 RELATIONSHIP OF THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK TO LAND USE MANAGEMENT The purpose of a Spatial Development Framework (SDF) is to inform the development of a Land use Management Scheme. The SDF provides best use scenarios for use of land, and it is the function of the Land Use Management Scheme to regulate these land uses. A SDF therefore does not change the rights of properties but gives guidance and direction for growth of a municipality. It is however necessary to align the Land Use Management System with the Spatial Development Framework to ensure that the objectives of the SDF are met.
A Land Use Management System forms part of a larger Integrated Development Planning Process which includes other components such as the following:
Spatial Development Framework (Main Informant to the LUMS) Land Use (Planning) Schemes ( Main product guided by LUMS) Rates database Cadastral and property (registration) database Valuation system Information regarding the provision of infrastructural services Property ownership and tenure Environmental management system Transportation management system Information system GIS
Where the SDF provides direction for expansion of specific land uses or the restriction of development within other areas, the purposes of the Land Use Management System is to manage the use of the land in order to ensure a healthy and safe living environment, whilst minimising the effects of negative externalities. It also acts as a statutory informant to the preferred location of social amenities (including social facilities, and services) to
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11.2 SUMMARY OF GUIDELINES FOR GROWTH BOUNDARIES TYPES The following growth boundaries have been made applicable to the Ulundi Spatial Development Framework which will guide the densification and development of specific areas. These areas are demarcated on the Spatial Framework Map.
DEVELOPMENT IDENTIFICATION LAND DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES BOUNDARY 1. Urban Core Formal town areas Establishment of detailed land use management schemes. Relatively dense concentration of a variety of Highest densities. land uses and formal residential areas. Highest level of urban service delivery
2. Urban Periphery Lower density residential areas in close proximity Bulk Service Delivery Strategies. Economic Diversification Areas. to the urban core. Typical small holding and agricultural processing areas. 3. Intensive Agricultural Current commercial Agricultural land use areas. Small, concentrated settlements. Areas Identified future commercial and intensive Self-sufficient infrastructure services. agricultural land uses. Local Area Plans. 4 . Rural Core Service Delivery Nodes. Areas where service facilities will be concentrated. Areas where Formal / denser settlement patterns. public transport facilities will be established.
5 . Rural Periphery Scattered and clustered rural villages. Settlement Clusters contained within a Settlement Complex Mostly on communal land. Boundary 6. Wilderness Pristine / degraded areas identified as optimal Minimize settlement sprawl onto these areas.
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biodiversity areas. Contain existing settlement. Completely self-sufficient Undeveloped and barely settled areas. service standards. Topographically undevelopable areas. Only regional access routes. Establishment of continuous wilderness corridors. 7. Conservation Worthy Mandatory Critical Biodiversity Areas. Appropriate development controls to limited development impacts Areas Current proclaimed conservation areas. in these areas. Legislatively protected land use areas. Establishment of continuous biodiversity corridors TABLE 13 : DEVELOPMENT GROWTH BOUNDARIES
11.3 DETAILED RESEARCH AND PLANNING
Key areas are vital economic generators and /or social development areas. It is therefore proposed that more detailed planning is undertaken for the following areas illustrated below:
DETAILED RESEARCH / PLANNING BRIEF DESCRIPTION PLANNING NODAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS Nodal Development Plan Study with more detailed spatial structure and implementation planning for each of the identified nodes and addressing the land requirements for proposed facilities and services.
INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTIGATION AND Identify, quantify and provide location requirements of engineering infrastructure and service provision for existing and SECTOR PLANNING future development needs. This will include a quantification of needs and estimated budgets towards a systematic Infrastructure Investment Plan.
FACILITIES QUALITY SURVEY Survey of the condition and quality of service standards currently experienced within all social facilities within the municipality in order to determine upgrading and non-capital interventions required. This will assist in determining local service standards. PUBLIC MOBILE SERVICES INVESTIGATION Investigating the approaches to mobile service provision of various Government Departments as well as the current status and locality and accessibility within the Ulundi Municipality. This will also include, but not be limited to pension pay-out points and trading activities associated around them and other mobile services towards the circulation of local income as suggested by the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs’ Spatial Planning Guidelines for the Promotion of Local Income Circulation (KZN CoGTA). LOCALISED SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY Aimed at ensuring accurate and up to date data on the disposable income of the various regions and wards within the
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municipality as well as the current expenditure to determine the circulation of local income.
TRANSPORTATION ASSESSMENT As the transportation of local residents to and from social services as well as local and regional opportunities is critical for local income circulation. The current locality and status of transport facilities and services such as ranks capacity, routes and passenger needs should be considered. Furthermore the alignment between the local transport system and local income circulation should be established ESTABLISHMENT OF A HERITAGE REGISTER The research and establishment of a municipal heritage register as both a requirement of the KwaZulu-Natal Heritage Act No 10 of 1997 as well as vital tool in local cultural and tourism promotion as identified within the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs’ Spatial Planning Guidelines for the Cultural Heritage Interpretation (KZN CoGTA)
11.4 DEFINITION AND PURPOSE OF SCHEME
A Town Planning Scheme or Land Use Schemes is defines a scheme as:
a tool used by a municipality to guide and manage development according to the vision, strategies and policies of the Integrated Development Plan and Spatial Development Framework, and in the interest of the general public to promote sustainable development and quality of life..
Further to the guidelines, the primary aim of the Ulundi Municipality Scheme is to create coordinated, harmonious and sustainable development, in a way that promotes health, safety, order, amenity convenience and general welfare, as well as efficiency and economy in the process of development.
As indicated above, the scheme divides a municipal area into zones and regulates the use of land and buildings on the one hand, and the nature, extent and texture of development on the other. Ulundi Municipality scheme will therefore:
Indicate what may or may not occur on particular areas of land. Provide land use certainty and boost investor confidence. Promote amenity, efficient land use practice and reserve land for essential services.
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Resolve conflict between different land uses and control negative externalities. Enable mix of convenient land usage, efficient movement processes and promote economic development. Protect natural and cultural resources and land with high agricultural production potential. Provide for public involvement in land management decision processes. Provide for sound local regulation and enforcement procedures. Accord recognition to indigenous and local spatial knowledge, land use practices land allocation practices. Facilitate social justice and equitable regulation of contested spaces.
11.5 LINKAGE BETWEEN THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK, LAND USE FRAMEWORK AND THE SCHEME
The relationship between broader Strategic Planning (Spatial development frameworks) and the preparation of Schemes is central to ensuring consistent and thorough decision-making around land use management and change. This relationship ensures that land use decisions do not contradict larger policy goals.
Thus, the Scheme is used to enforce the broader policies contained in the municipality’s Integrated Development Plan (IDP) and Spatial Development Framework (SDF) at a property level. The IDP and SDF guides development, and thus inform the preparation and management of land use in terms of the Scheme.
The following two points are noted:
firstly, capacity to interpret strategic objectives correctly in land use decision-making is essential; and secondly, a spatial planning system that allows for the translation of strategic objectives into land use decision-making is required.
Also important is the development of a spatial planning system that allows for the translation of strategic objectives into land use decision-making tool. However, the scheme is not a master plan. It will change continuously as scheme amendment applications are approved by the municipality. To this end, the scheme will be regarded as a scheme in the course of preparation.
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Legislation implies that Schemes can be formulated directly from the SDF prepared as part of an IDP. In practice, however, there is a tendency towards a gap between these two levels of planning, especially in larger municipalities. A set of Linking Elements enabling a smoother transition between the SDF and the Scheme has therefore been proposed, and included in this Guideline.
These elements could form part of the SDF, or stand-alone as a separate plan or set of plans. It is important to note the following concerning the relationship between the Spatial Development Framework, Scheme and Linking Elements:
The three components (SDFs, Linking Elements and Schemes) go hand-in-hand, where SDFs give strategic direction; the Linking Elements provide quantification, more detailed spatial plans and operational and institutional guidance; and the Schemes provide the statutory basis for land use decision-making. The relationship between these three components is reciprocal, and not necessarily hierarchical. Implementation of one component is not necessarily dependent upon the completion of another. Together SDFs, Linking Elements and Schemes should provide the holistic means for representative, informative and rational land use decision-making to occur. This system provides an opportunity for sectoral integration at all three levels of planning.
An approach to the formulating and implementing of a wall-to-wall scheme should cover the entire spatial system of Ulundi and provide certainty to land users and land development applicants irrespective of location. The municipality will thus have to develop a comprehensive scheme with a range of zones, some of which may not apply in less developed areas. The following broad categories will be used in developing the scheme:
Urban which includes all areas that fall within the urban edge as delineated in this SDF. Agricultural areas that are subject to the Sub-division of Agricultural Land Act, Act No. 70 of 1970. Rural settlements located on communal land, state land and/or privately owned land. Protected / conservation areas and tourism areas
11.6 CROSS BORDER CO-ORDINATION
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Interactive discussions with all the surrounding local municipalities regarding the cross boundary coordination of key elements as discussed previously in this section. This should influence the incorporation of key regional environmental.
11.2 SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ACT
11.2.1 GUIDELINES TO THE PREPARATION OF A MUNICIPAL WIDE LAND USE SCHEME
A Spatial Development Framework must contribute to and form part of the Municipal IDP and assist in integrating, coordinating, aligning and expressing development policies and plans emanating from the various sectors of the spheres of government as they apply within the municipal area. Spatial Development Frameworks must also outline specific arrangements for prioritising, mobilizing sequencing and implementing public and private infrastructural and land development investment in the priority spatial structuring areas identified within the Spatial Development Framework. This Municipal SDF determines the purpose, desired impact and structure of the land use management scheme to apply within the Ulundi Municipality and forms part of a larger Land Use Management System, which consists of a number of components which includes the following:
Spatial Development Framework Land Use (Planning) Schemes Rates database Cadastral and property (registration) database Valuation system Information regarding the provision of infrastructural services Property ownership and tenure Environmental management system Transportation management system
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Information system GIS
The purpose of a Spatial Development Framework (SDF) is to inform the development of a Land Use Management Scheme. The SDF provides best-use scenarios for use of land, and it is the function of the Land Use Management Scheme to regulate these land uses. An SDF therefore does not change the rights of properties but gives guidance and direction for growth of a municipality. It is however necessary to align the Land Use Management Scheme with the Spatial Development Framework to ensure that the objectives of the SDF are met.
Where the SDF provides direction for expansion of specific land uses or the restriction of development within other areas, the purposes of Land Use Management Scheme is to manage the use of the land in order to ensure a healthy living environment, where the environment is safe to live in. It is also necessary to provide social amenities (including social facilities, and services) to ensure a convenient living environment. Through evaluation of conservation resources, the SDF also addresses the efficient utilisation of scarce natural resources.
A Land Use Management Scheme should address the following within the document:
1. Land Use Zones (Based on land uses identified within the SDF)
2. Statements of Intent for use Zones
3. Management Areas and Management Plans required for applicable areas of the land use scheme, together with such Land Use Matrices as may be required to identify the land uses permitted or prohibited.
4. Development Control Templates with permissions, conditions, limitations or exemptions, subject to which such developments may be permitted.
5. Definition of Terminology
6. Procedures regarding application, consent, appeal, etc.
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7. Land Use Scheme Maps, Management Area Overlays and Management Plans to spatially depict the land use rights.
STEPS ACTIONS OUTCOME 1. What is the institutional Develop an information system that functions efficiently, Functioning capacity for preparing a both internally and externally to the organization. Planning Unit land use scheme? Establish and or confirm a planning section / spatial planning unit in your organisation. Appoint staff in the unit / or consultants taking into
2. What is the status quo Condconsiderationuct the information the emp oauwermentdit to get of an th indicae municiptiona olity.f the A clear picture of information gaps and the level of consultation required. within a Municipality? following: 1.1 No. of TPS, R293 and Amakhosi areas included in the Municipality; 1.2 Clarity and accuracy of tenure, cadastral and mapping information. 1.3 Existing sectoral plans and policy guidelines. (Transportation, environment, housing, etc). 1.4 Financial resources and budgeting. Identify the level of community consultation required (Consultation Plan). The guidelines for the preparation of the Ulundi LUMS are set out in Table 1.1 below.
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3. What type of a Land Use Prepare a Strategic Land Use Framework which will An agreement on the type of a Land Use Scheme that the Municipality wishes to prepare. Scheme (LUS) do you need? include the following: 1.5 Strategic issues identified in the IDP and its SDF. 1.6 Identify pressure points (areas needing urgent attention). 1.7 Identify the LUS level for various parts of the municipality (Elementary, primary, comprehensive or rural level). Decide on the type of Land Use Scheme you prefer by doing either or a combination of the following: 1.8 Translate the existing zones into a LUS without a review or consolidation. 1.9 Partially translate, consolidate or align different schemes and extend such schemes to areas where there is no land use management. 1.10 Undertake a detailed review of zones, land uses 4. How to prepare a Land Use Counciland r esolvescontrols to in prepareall curre an tLUS schemes in accorda withn ace view with to a A Municipal Land use Scheme comprising of a Plan, a Land Use Table (Matrix) and a table of Scheme? development control (Land Use Template) newcreating LUMS a singleusing sc heme. appropria te legislation (once available). Address information gaps (if necessary). Formulation of the Statement of Intent (SOI) for large or special areas of the LUS based on the objectives of the municipal IDP. Identify the zones, districts and appropriate development control.
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5. What is the Road to Approval of Circulate the LUS for public comments within a legislated time An approved Land Use Scheme to guide land use management within a municipal area. the LUMS? period. Amend the LUS by incorporating the received public comments. Table the LUS (reports and maps) to Council and Amakhosi or a structure comprising of the two for final approval. Submission to DTLGA for comments and or assessment.
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12. CONCLUSION
This report contains the Reviewed Spatial Development Framework for Ulundi Municipality and is the result of a series of spatial analysis, technical interactions with the Project Steering Committee as well as vital engagements with ward structures and sector specific role players. The Ulundi SDF is intended to serve as vital input the Ulundi IDP Review for 2018/2019. As a component of the municipal IDP, the Ulundi SDF serves as the bases to inform planning and public investment within the municipality for the period 2018 to 2021 with annual reviews during that period.
Any person with an interest in or comments to this study may contact the Ulundi Municipal Manager at the following address:
Municipal Manager
N.G. Zulu
Private Bag X17, Ulundi, 3838
BA 81, Prince Mangosuthu Street, Ulundi
Tel 035 874 5100
Fax 035 870 1164
Web www.ulundi.gov.z
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