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Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Dryinidae) Associated with Salt Cedar Trees in the Eastern Part of Iran

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Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Dryinidae) Associated with Salt Cedar Trees in the Eastern Part of Iran Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2017) 41: 345-353 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Short Communication doi:10.3906/zoo-1605-35 Discovery of the genus Mirodryinus Ponomarenko, 1972 (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Dryinidae) associated with salt cedar trees in the eastern part of Iran 1 1, 2 1 Hossein Ali DERAFSHAN , Ehsan RAKHSHANI *, Massimo OLMI , Mehri VAFAEI 1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran 2 Tropical Entomology Research Center, Viterbo, Italy Received: 17.05.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 28.07.2016 Final Version: 04.04.2017 Abstract: In 2015 and 2016 a survey was carried out on the parasitoids of leafhoppers (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha) feeding on salt cedar trees (Tamarix spp.) growing around Hamoon Lake in the Sistan region (Iran). Among the collected material, a series of dryinid specimens belonging to Mirodryinus atlanticus Olmi, 1984 (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae, Bocchinae) was captured on branches of Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst. and Tamarix stricta Boiss., infested by Opsius versicolor (Distant) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). The subfamily Bocchinae and the genus Mirodryinus Ponomarenko, 1972 are new records for Iran. Diagnostic characters and notes on the morphological variability of the newly collected specimens are presented and discussed. Key words: Bocchinae, leafhopper, Opsius, Tamarix, Mirodryinus atlanticus, wetland, Hamoon Lake Dryinidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) is a Various species of Tamarix grow in different parts moderately large family with worldwide distribution and of Iran. Among them, some species are associated with 15 extant and extinct subfamilies (Olmi and Virla, 2014; wetlands and salty soils. The studied area is that around Olmi and Xu, 2015). The subfamily Bocchinae Richards, Hamoon Lake (Sistan and Baluchestan Province), 1939 includes 104 species belonging to three genera (Olmi including habitats dominated by some species of salt cedar and Xu, 2015): Bocchus Ashmead, 1893; Mirodryinus trees (Tamarix spp.). Tamarix species have extraordinary Ponomarenko, 1972; and Mystrophorus Förster, 1856. biological features and adaptive capabilities to wetlands Mirodryinus is a very small Palearctic genus including eight and salty soils (Fornasari, 2004). Insects from different known species: M. atlanticus Olmi, 1984 (known from the orders have been known in association with Tamarix Canary Islands, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, species as a primary trophic level (Fornasari, 1998; and the United Arab Emirates); M. gobiensis Ponomarenko, Wiesenborn, 2005). Among the associated arthropods, a 1972 (known from Kazakhstan and Mongolia); M. kerzhneri moderately well-defined assemblage of leafhoppers was Ponomarenko & Olmi, 2006 (known from Kazakhstan); recorded feeding on Tamarix species (Virla et al., 2010; M. olmii (Móczár, 1983) (known from Mongolia); M. Sher and Quigley, 2013; Mozaffarian and Wilson, 2016). ponomarenkoae Olmi, 1984 (known from Mongolia and Wasps of the family Dryinidae (Hymenoptera, Uzbekistan); M. tussaci Olmi, 1990 (known from Morocco); Chrysidoidea) are known as natural enemies of M. ungulatus Ponomarenko, 1972 (known from Algeria); leafhoppers, planthoppers, and treehoppers (Hemiptera, and M. xerophilus (Benoit, 1951) (known from Egypt and Auchenorrhyncha) (Guglielmino et al., 2013). While many Libya). Keys of the Bocchinae genera are available from species of leafhoppers are recorded from Iran (Mozaffarian Olmi (1999). Keys of Mirodryinus species are present in the and Wilson, 2011, 2016), very few species of dryinids are works of Olmi (1984, 1999) and Olmi and Xu (2015). documented. According to the most recent revisions of the Most dryinids are generalists attacking a wide variety Eastern (Olmi and Xu, 2015) and Western (Olmi, 1999) of Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha (Guglielmino and Olmi, Palearctic regions, only six dryinid species are recorded 1997). On the contrary, Mirodryinus includes species from Iran. Recent surveys revealed additional dryinids apparently developing exclusively on Opsius Fieber from Iran including new taxa (Derafshan et al., 2016). In the (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Opsiini) (Guglielmino and most recent paper (Derafshan et al., 2016), a new species of Olmi, 1997, 2007; Guglielmino et al., 2013, 2015). the family Dryinidae (Dryinus tamaricicola Rakhshani & * Correspondence: [email protected] 345 DERAFSHAN et al. / Turk J Zool Olmi, 2016) was found in association with salt cedar trees triangular cards. Slides of the forewing and foreleg were of the Hamoon wetland. In this paper we record additional prepared to study the morphological details. The external species of dryinids belonging to the subfamily Bocchinae morphology of specimens was studied using Nikon in association with common leafhoppers living in Tamarix SMZ645 stereomicroscope. Illustrations were taken using forests around Hamoon Lake (Sistan region, Iran). a Hund Wiloskop equipped with a BMZ-04-DZ digital The scope of this paper is a contribution to the imaging system (Behin-Pajouhesh Co., Iran). A series of knowledge of Iranian Dryinidae, not only from a 4–8 captured images was merged into a single in-focus biogeographic and systematic point of view but also to image using the image-stacking software Zerene Stacker establish the first basis for biological control projects by version 1.04. The morphological terminology follows that dryinids in Iran against leafhoppers pests of cultivated of Olmi and Xu (2015). plants. Parasitized specimens of Opsius were collected by sweep Samplings were performed in 2015 on salt cedar trees net on Tamarix in the above sites around the Hamoon growing around the Hamoon wetlands in the Sistan region wetlands. They were reared to check that the parasitoid (Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran) (Figure 1). was Mirodryinus atlanticus. Rearing tubes were provided Specimens of Dryinidae were collected by a sweep net with Tamarix leaves for feeding Opsius specimens. They on Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst. and Tamarix stricta Boiss. were kept in laboratory conditions. The specimens were then captured using an aspirator Specimens were deposited in the collection of the and dropped into 75% ethanol for subsequent studies. Department of Plant Protection, University of Tuscia, Afterwards, the specimens were prepared according to Viterbo, Italy (Massimo Olmi’s collection - MOLC) AXA methods (van Achterberg, 2009) and mounted on and partly in the collection of the Department of Plant Figure 1. The sampling locations around Hamoon Lake (Sistan), represented by natural and cultivated Tamarix species. 346 DERAFSHAN et al. / Turk J Zool Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, - Segment 5 of protarsus only with bristles, without Iran (DPPZ). lamellae (figure 447 in Olmi, 1984) ........ M. olmii (Móczár) Subfamily Bocchinae Richards, 1939 3 Forewing with stigmal vein curved, with distinct Key to the genera of Bocchinae (females and males) proximal and distal parts ...................................................... 4 (from Olmi, 1999) - Forewing with stigmal vein straight, only with distinct FEMALES proximal part (figures 438, 439 in Olmi, 1984) .................. 7 1 Segment 5 of protarsus with inner membranous band 4 Forewing hyaline, not crossed by dark transverse (figure 410 in Olmi, 1984); occasionally without inner bands, with distal part of stigmal vein longer than proximal membranous band, then with one only preapical lamella part ................................................................ M. tussaci Olmi (figure 419 in Olmi, 1984) ...................... Bocchus Ashmead - Forewing crossed by dark transverse band, with distal - Segment 5 of protarsus without inner membranous part of stigmal vein as long as or shorter than proximal band (figures 442, 451, 456 in Olmi, 1984), with rows of part .......................................................................................... 5 bristles (figure 442 in Olmi, 1984) or peg-like hairs (figure 5 Mesosoma completely black ........................................... 456 in Olmi, 1984), with distal apex provided with group .................................................... M. gobiensis Ponomarenko of lamellae or bristles (figures 451, 456 in Olmi, 1984), - Mesosoma completely or partly reddish .................... 6 never with only one preapical lamella . 2 6 Mesosoma completely reddish; notauli reaching 2 Fully winged (figures 438, 449 in Olmi, 1984) ............... approximately 0.5 length of scutum ....................................... ................................................... Mirodryinus Ponomarenko .................................... M. kerzhneri Ponomarenko & Olmi - Apterous, or micropterous (figures 452, 453 in Olmi, - Mesosoma partly reddish and partly black; notauli 1984) ................................................... Mystrophorus Förster reaching approximately 0.2–0.3 length of scutum ................ MALES .................................................................. M. atlanticus Olmi 1 Forewing reduced (figure 454 in Olmi, 1984) or 7 Mesosoma completely reddish ...................................... absent ................................................. Mystrophorus Förster ............................................................ M. xerophilus (Benoit) - Forewing complete (figures 402, 440 in Olmi, 1984) - Mesosoma partly reddish and partly brown or black .. 2 .................................................................................................. 8 2 Genitalia with
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