Perfecting Policy with Pilots: New Mobility and Av Urban Delivery PILOT PROJECT ASSESSMENT
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Perfecting policy with pilots: New Mobility and av urban delivery PILOT PROJECT ASSESSMENT APRIL 2020 urbanism next center @urbanismnext urbanismnext.org in partnership with ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS RESEARCHERS AND AUTHORS Becky Steckler, AICP, Program Director, Urbanism Next Juliette Coia, Student Researcher, Urbanism Next Amanda Howell, Project Manager, Urbanism Next Grace Kaplowitz, Student Researcher, Urbanism Next Matthew Stoll, Graphic Design, Urbanism Next Huajie Yang, Student Researcher, Portland State University TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE This project relied on the time and support of the following people that volunteered to be on a technical advisory committee. Thank you. Russ Brooks, Founder, Scale Consulting Terra Curtis, Principal, Emerging Mobility Co-Lead, Nelson\Nygaard José Holguín-Veras, Director of VREF Center of Excellence for Sustainable Urban Freight Systems, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Emily Lindsey, Transportation Technology Strategist, Denver Regional Council of Governments Carlos Pardo, Senior Manager, City Pilots, NUMO Francie Stefan, Chief Mobility Officer/Assistant Director of Planning & Community Development, City of Santa Monica Cover image credits (in order as they appear): 1. Marek Rucinski, Unsplash. 2. Dan Gold, Unsplash. 3. Christopher Down, Wikimedia 4. Urbanism Next. 5. Waymo. Chapter image credits (in order as they appear): 6. Lily Banse, Unsplash. 7. Jump Bike. 8. Jason Briscoe, Unsplash. 9. Nguyen Trong, Adobe Stock. 10. Suad Kamardeen, Unsplash. 11. Zachary Staines, Unsplash. 12. Jump Bike. 13. Anthony Delanoix, Unsplash. 14. Sander Crombach, Unsplash. 15. Mauro Mora, Unsplash. 16. Adrian Williams, Unsplash. Urbanism Next | University of Oregon PEOPLE WE INTERVIEWED Abby Chazanow, Project Manager Mobility Innovation, Sound Transit Francesco Citoni, Partner Success Principal, Via Carlos Cruz-Casas, Assistant Director, Department of Transportation & Public Works, Miami-Dade County Joe Deshotel, Government Relations Manager, Texas, Lime Obinna Emenike, General Manager, Partner Cities, Via Casey Gifford, Innovative Mobility Senior Planner, King County Metro Transit Penny Grellier, Community Development Administrator, Pierce Transit Tom Hoban, President and CIO, Kitson & Partners Jonathan Hopkins, Director, Strategic Development, NW US, Lime Jason Hyde, Senior Transportation Planner, San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency Alex Khojikian, Assistant City Manager, City of Redwood City Cody Lowe, Planning Analyst, Marin Transit Gerardo Moreno, AV Chief Operator, Pacific Western Transportation Briana Orr, Former E-Scooter Pilot Project Manager, Portland Bureau of Transportation Jamie Parks, Livable Streets Director, San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency Paul Pentikainen, M.Pl, MCIP, RPP, Senior Policy Planner, Town of Innisfil Megan Richer, Director of Strategic Partnerships, Via Dylan Rivera, Public Information Officer, Portland Bureau of Transportation Kyle Rowe, Head of Government Partnerships, Spin Andrew Sedor, Business Development Coordinator – Transportation Strategy, City of Calgary Irene Soria, Transportation Engineer, Department of Transportation & Public Works, Miami-Dade County John Stevens, Associate to the Director, Center City Development, City of San Antonio Perfecting Policy with Pilots | April 2020 | 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS URBANISM NEXT CENTER The Urbanism Next Center at the University of Oregon focuses on understanding the impacts that new mobility, autonomous vehicles, e-commerce, and urban delivery are having and will continue to have on city form, design, and development. The Center does not focus on the emerging technologies themselves, but instead on the multi-level impacts — how these innovations are affecting things like land use, urban design, building design, transportation, and real estate and the implications these impacts have on equity, health and safety, the economy, and the environment. We work directly with public and private sector leaders to devise strategies to take advantage of the opportunities and mitigate the challenges of emerging technologies. Urbanism Next brings together experts from a wide range of disciplines including planning, design, development, business, and law and works with the public, private, and academic sectors to help create positive outcomes from the impending changes and challenges confronting our cities. Learn more at www.urbanismnext.org. NUMO NUMO is a global alliance that channels tech-based disruptions in transport to create joyful cities where sustainable and just mobility is the new normal. As an outgrowth of the Shared Mobility Principles for Livable Cities, NUMO’s mission is to leverage the momentum of significant revolutions in mobility to address urban issues such as sustainability, equity, accessibility and labor. As an alliance consisting of partners — including cities, NGOs, companies, mobility service operators, community advocates and more — NUMO aligns the actions, investments and values of a growing community to achieve transformational, on- the-ground changes in transportation. NUMO is hosted by WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities. Learn more at www.numo.global. Urbanism Next | University of Oregon TABLE OF CONTENTs 00| Executive Summary 2 01| Introduction 6 02| Literature Review 14 03| 220 Pilot Projects 28 04| 11 Case Studies 52 05| Findings and Recommended 94 Actions AA| Annotated Bibliography 112 AB| Bibliography 126 AC| List of 220 Pilot Projects 136 Perfecting Policy with Pilots | April 2020 | 1 Urbanism Next | University of Oregon 00 | Executive Summary Perfecting Policy with Pilots | April 2020 | 3 Purpose of this Report Recommended Actions Over the past 10 years, new mobility and 1. Define the pilot goals and outcomes at the e-commerce has been changing buying habits beginning of the process and make sure every and transportation behaviors. Communities want pilot activity is designed to achieve them. to better understand how these services impact The most successful pilots were those that had clearly the transportation system. Many public agencies defined goals or outcomes. By identifying what is conduct pilot projects that allow a limited number of most important, communities can ensure that these commercially-operated vehicles (such as e-scooters, elements are included in all aspects of the pilot (and shuttles, or autonomous vehicles) on local streets every recommended action described here), from the to move people and goods. While there are efforts policy framework to what findings are analyzed in the to track these projects and to analyze the impact by evaluation report. This helps community leaders, the type of technology or mode, there is no study that public, and the service providers understand what to has assessed multiple modes to better understand expect and reduce conflicts. what we are learning from them collectively. 2. Study what happened and put those findings The purpose of this study is to go beyond into a final evaluation report. cataloging pilot projects to determine the Organizations that collected and analyzed data, lessons learned, emerging trends and surveyed participants, and reported on the outcomes considerations, and examples of promising were likely in the best position to learn from the practices from pilot projects in the United pilots and incorporate those lessons into future pilots States and Canada. This study was designed and deployments. In addition, evaluation reports are to help public agencies understand what helpful for summarizing lessons learned and sharing activities are most likely to help them achieve information with other communities so everyone can their pilot project goals. Researchers describe learn from the experience. 10 recommended actions for all pilot projects, regardless of the mode. 3. Foster relationships and build trust. Public agencies exist to maintain and enforce Researchers focused on pilot projects in the United the public good. Ultimately, everything a public States and Canada that involve testing of new agency does is for the good of the residents that mobility services and vehicles by mode: live and work within it’s boundaries. It is important Mobility of People for public agencies to engage with residents to understand their needs and desires, especially as • Micromobility (shared bikes, e-scooters, and new technologies are deployed in the public right- mopeds) of-way. In addition, public agencies should work • Transportation Network Company Partnerships directly with organizations and individuals that advocate for the most vulnerable populations to • Microtransit ensure that inequities are propagated or created • Autonomous vehicles through the introduction of new technologies. Finally, agencies should develop and foster Mobility of Goods relationships with the companies and their • Autonomous Delivery Devices and Vehicles representatives to help guide them through the process and enable them to address issues as To better understand the relationship between pilot well as make it possible to support all players in projects and implementation policies, researchers achieving their goals. at the Urbanism Next Center at the University of Oregon conducted a literature and policy 4. Create a policy framework (i.e. regulations, review, and assessed 220 pilot projects as well as contracts, agreements) for each pilot project conducting 11 in-depth case studies (approximately that advances the public good and is easy to two to three per mode). The study resulted in 31 understand. lessons learned organized by pilot goals, evaluation,