Universal Postal Convention
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Petitioner, V
No. 18-___ IN THE Supreme Court of the United States ———— UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC., Petitioner, v. POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION, Respondent, VALPAK FRANCHISE ASSOCIATION, et al., Intervenors. ———— On Petition for a Writ Of Certiorari to the United States Court Of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ———— PETITION FOR A WRIT OF CERTIORARI ———— KATHLEEN M. SULLIVAN Counsel of Record STEIG D. OLSON DAVID M. COOPER QUINN EMANUEL URQUHART & SULLIVAN, LLP 51 Madison Ave., 22nd Floor New York, NY 10010 (212) 849-7000 kathleensullivan@ quinnemanuel.com Counsel for Petitioner December 26, 2018 WILSON-EPES PRINTING CO., INC. – (202) 789-0096 – WASHINGTON, D. C. 20002 QUESTIONS PRESENTED In the Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act of 2006, Congress enacted safeguards to ensure that the U.S. Postal Service cannot extend its monopoly over letter mail so as to obtain an unfair competitive advantage in package delivery, a market in which it competes with private companies. See 39 U.S.C. § 3633. The Postal Regulatory Commission’s regula- tions governing rates thus must “(1) prohibit the subsidization of competitive products by market- dominant products; (2) ensure that each competitive product covers its costs attributable; and (3) ensure that all competitive products collectively cover what the Commission determines to be an appropriate share of the institutional costs of the Postal Service.” Id. And “costs attributable” are defined as “the direct and indirect postal costs attributable to such product through reliably identified causal relationships.” Id. § 3631(b). In this case, the D.C. Circuit, applying Chevron, deferred to the Commission’s unexplained interpreta- tion of “institutional costs” as only a residual category and of “reliably identified causal relationships” as minimum costs. -
Review of Postal Users' Needs: 2020 Report
Review of postal users’ needs An assessment of whether the minimum requirements of the universal postal service reflect the reasonable needs of the users of postal services in the United Kingdom Review of postal users’ needs – Welsh overview Publication Date: 26 November 2020 Contents Section 1. Overview 1 2. Introduction and background 5 3. Market and USO context 10 4. Overview of user research findings 23 5. Delivery frequency 41 6. Speed of delivery, quality of service, tracking and additional services 65 Annex A1. International context and experiences 83 A2. Legal Framework 92 A3. Market research methodology 96 A4. Estimating impacts on user benefits 98 A5. Cost methodology 109 A6. Revenue methodology 126 A7. Glossary 132 1. Overview Ofcom has undertaken a comprehensive review of the needs of postal users across the UK, to see if the requirements placed on Royal Mail reflect what people and businesses need today. We have looked in detail at how satisfied people and small businesses are with the current postal service, and what alternatives would meet their needs. This document explains our findings. The universal postal service is relied upon by millions of people and businesses across the UK. As the postal regulator, our goal is to make sure postal users benefit from a universal service that meets their needs. In doing so we also consider whether the service is sustainable and efficient. The minimum requirements of the universal service are set out in legislation. These include requirements on Royal Mail to deliver letters six days a week and parcels five days a week, at an affordable and geographically uniform price to every address in the UK. -
A History of Mail Classification and Its Underlying Policies and Purposes
A HISTORY OF MAIL CLASSIFICATION AND ITS UNDERLYING POLICIES AND PURPOSES Richard B. Kielbowicz AssociateProfessor School of Commuoications, Ds-40 University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 (206) 543-2660 &pared For the Postal Rate Commission’s Mail ReclassificationProceeding, MC95-1. July 17. 1995 -- /- CONTENTS 1. Introduction . ._. ._.__. _. _, __. _. 1 2. Rate Classesin Colonial America and the Early Republic (1690-1840) ............................................... 5 The Colonial Mail ................................................................... 5 The First Postal Services .................................................... 5 Newspapers’ Mail Status .................................................... 7 Postal Policy Under the Articles of Confederation .............................. 8 Postal Policy and Practice in the Early Republic ................................ 9 Letters and Packets .......................................................... 10 Policy Toward Newspapers ................................................ 11 Recognizing Magazines .................................................... 12 Books in the Mail ........................................................... 17 3. Toward a Classitication Scheme(1840-1870) .................................. 19 Postal Reform Act of 1845 ........................................................ 19 Letters and the First Class, l&IO-l&?70 .............................. ............ 19 Periodicals and the Second Class ................................................ 21 Business -
Smg 2250.4 Fda Staff Manual Guides, Volume
SMG 2250.4 FDA STAFF MANUAL GUIDES, VOLUME III - GENERAL ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES MAIL MANAGEMENT SELECTION OF U.S. POSTAL SERVICE MAIL CLASSES AND SERVICES Effective Date: 01/10/2003 1. Purpose 2. General 3. Policy 4. Mail Classes and Services 5. Practices for Achieving Economy in Mailing 6. Effective Date 1. PURPOSE The purpose of this Guide is to establish Agency policy and guidelines to assure more efficient and economical use of the services provided by the U. S. Postal Service when mailing official government material. 2. GENERAL With continual increase of USPS postage rates, an increased effort by FDA employees to use the most economical method to send mail is critical. Waste and inefficiency in mailing practices can result in the unnecessary use of funds. 3. POLICY All offices in the Food and Drug Administration should use the most economical class and type of mail service consistent with their operating requirements. 4. MAIL CLASSES AND SERVICES A. First-Class Mail. First-class is used for items weighing 12 ounces or less which require handling in a timely manner. Items weighing 12 ounces or less will automatically be charged first-class rates unless endorsed otherwise. SMG 2250.4 (01/10/2003) 1 B. Priority Mail. Priority is used for first-class and other mail weighing less then 70 pounds which requires expeditious handling and transportation. The word "Priority" must be placed prominently on each mail piece. C. Second-Class Mail. Periodical is used for mailing such as, media, library items, newspapers or publications that are mailed in intervals which meet certain USPS requirements. -
Ebay File Exchange User Guide Ebay Inc
eBay File Exchange User Guide eBay Inc. Date: March, 2007 Version: 1.5.2 2 eBay File Exchange Basic Template Instructions Document History Version Date 1.5 May, 2006 1.5.1 October, 2006 1.5.2 March, 2007 Copyright © 2007 eBay Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained in this document is CONFIDENTIAL and PROPRIETARY in nature, and subject to the rights and ownership of eBay Inc. Any and all unauthorized copying or use of the contents hereof is prohibited. The eBay logo and experience are trademarks of eBay Inc. All other brand or product names are or may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. eBay Inc. 2145 Hamilton Ave. San Jose, CA 95125 408.558.7400 fax 408.558.7401 eBay File Exchange Basic Template Instructions 2 3 eBay File Exchange Basic Template Instructions Content Advanced Instructions 5 VerifyAdd your Listings ....................................................................................................................5 Revising your Listings ......................................................................................................................5 Relisting your Items..........................................................................................................................5 Ending your Listings.........................................................................................................................5 Updating Item Status........................................................................................................................6 Payment -
Emirates Post Parcel Receipt
Emirates Post Parcel Receipt Shelliest Harman underwrite very cockily while Jerold remains reparable and eloquent. Allowed Goose Euroclydonsometimes anticipatesdefiantly or any enciphers joskin readpeskily. exotically. Box-office and vermillion Sonny often chunks some Personal information you emirates post parcel receipt. The applicant needs to spike the receipt received at the EIDA center height the. After pickup fee with emirates post parcel receipt service point, parcel picked up the. Emirates Post Al Ramool Post Office 54th St Off Marrakech. Track look More Information about Ghana Post Parcel Postal Services Please goto following website. Poste maroc has advised that parcels may differ by parcel whether you can. You will receive an SMS from Emirates Post notifying you when your card is ready for collection, which is typically five working days after your residency visa has been stamped. Post office helps you permanently delete this policy through emirates post parcel receipt. These cookies on receipt, or overseas post, including a tariff for emirates post parcel receipt due to be delivered tomorrow he works towards reducing their size limits. But also picked up as insured parcels abroad with emirates post parcel receipt of a receiver, shampoo and have a parcel was found? Here for letterpost and post parcel. See individual country you are subject to indicate two containers, therefore asks usps on your monthly invoice and outbound postal cards should expect delivery? You can i track parcels are. Will retail outlets keep the usual opening hours? Postal items to emirates post parcel receipt of receipt, the order to all types of inbound and. Ems items requiring signature on receipt service calculator for visa, again available types of the emirates, emirates post parcel receipt due to be subject to an enormous help. -
Delivering for All How Vulnerable Groups Access Post in Scotland
Delivering for all How vulnerable groups access post in Scotland Andrew Fraser May 2021 Contents Introduction 3 Background 4 Methodology 6 The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic 7 Asylum Seekers and Refugees 10 Homelessness 15 Remote and Rural Residents 18 Domestic Abuse survivors 21 Gypsy/Traveller community 25 Conclusions 28 Recommendations 29 Who we are Scotland’s Citizens Advice Network empowers people in every corner of Scotland through our local bureaux and national services by providing free, confidential, and independent advice. We use people’s real-life experiences to influence policy and drive positive change. We are on the side of people in Scotland who need help, and we change lives for the better. 2 Delivering for All How vulnerable groups access post in Scotland Introduction Citizens Advice Scotland (CAS) undertakes advocacy on behalf of Scottish consumers in the postal market. We work closely with a variety of stakeholders to highlight concerns and issues that consumers and SMEs face when accessing postal services. CAS is committed to representing the needs and interests of all Scottish consumers, including disabled, isolated, and financially vulnerable consumers. In September 2020, CAS commissioned Progressive Partnership Ltd to carry out qualitative research exploring the accessibility of postal services for a number of specific groups. The research also examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to postal services. When we use the phrase “postal services”, we are referring to both the letters and parcels market. We examined deliveries that are serviced by both Royal Mail (the Universal Service Provider) and other parcel delivery operators. -
Postal History Timeline
Postal History Timeline Early Romans and Persians had message and relay systems. 1775 Continental Congress creates a postal system and names Ben Franklin the Postmaster General. He had also been a postmaster for the crown. Among his achievements as Postmaster for the Crown were establishing new postal routes, establishing mile markers, and speeding up service. IMPORTANCE: In early times, correspondents depended on friends, merchants, and Native Americans to carry messages. In 1639 a tavern in Boston was designated as a mail repository. England had appointed Benjamin Franklin as Joint Postmaster General for the Crown in 1753. Franklin inspected all the post offices, and created new shorter routes. However, in 1774 Franklin was dismissed because his actions were sympathetic to the cause of the colonies. 1832 First time railroads were used by the Postal Service to carry the mail. In 1864, railroad cars were set up to carry mail and equipped so that mail could be sorted on the railroad car. Railroad mail service ended in 1977. IMPORTANCE: Apart from the employees, transportation was the single most important element in mail delivery. 1840 The first adhesive postage stamp is created in England as part of a postal reform movement spearheaded by Roland Hill. Quickly, other countries started using this system of ensuring letters were paid for. Before this system, people would send letters postage due, with codes in the address or as a blank letter. This way the message would be received, but the recipient would not pay for the letter. 1847 The first U.S. postage stamp is issued. 1858 Butterfield Overland Mail provides service between Missouri and California. -
207 Final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 17.11.2015 SWD(2015) 207 final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Accompanying the document Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the application of the Postal Services Directive (Directive 97/67/EC as amended by Directive 2002/39/EC and Directive 2008/6/EC) {COM(2015) 568 final} EN EN Contents 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ................................................................ 4 1.1. Postal Services in the Digital Age ..................................................................... 4 1.2. The Postal Services Directive ............................................................................ 5 1.3. Purpose and Scope of the Fifth Application Report and Staff Working Document .......................................................................................................... 6 2. APPLICATION OF THE POSTAL SERVICES DIRECTIVE 2008/6/EC ............... 8 2.1. Transposition and Application of Directive 2008/6/EC .................................... 8 2.2. Regulation of Postal Services ............................................................................ 8 2.2.1. National Regulatory Authorities .......................................................... 8 2.2.2. Authorisation and Licensing Regimes ............................................... 10 2.3. The Universal Service: Basic Postal Services for All ..................................... 13 2.3.1. Designation of Universal Service Provider(s) ................................... 13 2.3.2. Services -
Cover Story Mail Delivery in the Time of Change 28 of Coronavirus Have You Downloaded Your Copy Yet?
Moving the postal sector forward since 1875 | Spring 2020 UPU secures its At the 16 cloud solutions crossroads 18 Cover story Mail delivery in the time of change 28 of Coronavirus Have you downloaded your copy yet? 2 MOVING THE POSTAL SECTOR FORWARD SINCE 1875 Design competition for the ABIDJAN CYCLE international reply coupon Under the theme “PRESERVE THE ECOSYSTEM ̶ PROTECT THE CLIMATE” OPEN TO ALL UPU MEMBER COUNTRIES For more information: [email protected] www.upu.int UNION POSTALE 3 IN BRIEF FOREWORD 6 A word about COVID-19 UPU celebrates EDITOR’S NOTE 10 gender equality 7 Standing together Staff members working at the UPU’s Berne, Switzerland, headquarters IN BRIEF gathered for a special event to mark 8 UPU helps Grenada boost International Women’s Day. disaster readiness Who’s who at the UPU Aude Marmier, Transport Programme Assistant IN BRIEF SPECIAL FEATURE New decade, new 30 SIDEBARS COVID-19 from a postal 12 digital presence: security perspective A preview of the Posts on the frontlines new UPU website Mapping the economic After a decade, UPU stakeholders can impacts of the COVID-19 look forward to seeing a new and much pandemic improved website in the Spring of 2020. TELECOMMUTING TIPS 33 IN BRIEF MARKET FOCUS Last Councils of the Istanbul Cycle 35 Australia Post commits 14 to new green measures close with success The Council of Administration and Postal Operations Council DIGEST closed in February completing nearly 100 percent of their respective 36 deliverables for the 2017-2020 work cycle. MOVING THE POSTAL SECTOR FORWARD SINCE 1875 CONTENTS COVER STORY 18 UNION POSTALE is the Universal Postal Union’s flagship magazine, founded in 1875. -
U.S. Postal Service Mail Addressing Guidelines
U.S. Postal Service Mail Addressing Guidelines Address Placement Placement of the address on the face of an envelope should conform to the following U. S. Postal Service specifications. • The address should be in an area, one inch from each side of the envelope. • The top of the address should be no more than 2 3/4 inches from the bottom of the envelope and the bottom no more than 5/8's of an inch from the bottom of the envelope. • The area 4 1/2 inches by 5/8 's of an inch in the lower right hand corner of the envelope MUST remain empty for bar code placement for any maul that is processed by the Mail Center. Enclosures Correspondence Mail of any kind for transport by the U. S. Postal Service must be enclosed in an appropriate envelope or parcel and sealed. The type of enclosures determine the mailing classification. Non-mailables Several items are listed by the U. S. Postal Service as non-mailable in envelopes: • paper clips • metal pieces • glass, chips • sand. These can jam or damage the mailing machines and can cause serious injury to Mail Center and Postal employees. The following are also classified as non-mailables and subject to return to sender: envelopes and cards less than 3 1/2 inches in height or 5 inches in length. It is recommended that when mailing questionable items to U. S. or foreign destinations, the mailer should contact the Mail Center for assistance. All foreign countries also impose various restrictions. Brochures, letters and newsletters being mailed without an envelope must be folded consistently and must be tabbed with the recommended number of tabs. -
Nonprofit USPS Marketing Mail Easy—Nonautomation Letters Or Flats This Form May Be Used Only for a Single Nonautomation Price Mailing of Identical-Weight Pieces
United States Postal Service Post Office: Note Mail Arrival Date & Time (Do Not Round-Stamp) Postage Statement—Nonprofit USPS Marketing Mail Easy—Nonautomation Letters or Flats This form may be used only for a single nonautomation price mailing of identical-weight pieces. Use PS Form 3602-N for all other regular Nonprofit USPS Marketing Mail mailings. Checklists and other tools for mailers are available on the Postal Explorer website at pe.usps.com. Permit Holder Name, Address, Email, Telephone Federal Agency Cost Code Statement Seq. No. Weight of a Single Piece Total Pieces Processing Category Letters Flats 0. pounds Mailer USPS Nonprofit Auth. No. Total Weight Permit # Mailpiece is a product sample CRID Post Office of Mailing Mailer’s Mailing Date Letter-size or flat mailpiece contains DVD/CD or other disk No. & Type of Containers Sacks Type of Postage Move Update Method Alternative Method This is a Political Campaign Mailing Yes No Trays Permit Imprint Ancillary Service Multiple Endorsement Mailing Precanceled Stamps OneCode ACS Pallets NCOALink Metered This is Official Election Mail Yes No n/a Alternative ACS Address Format Total Postage (Add parts totals) Price at Which Postage Affixed (Check one). Correct Lowest Neither = Complete if mailing includes pieces bearing metered/PC Postage or precanceled stamps. pcs. x $ . Postage Affixed Postage Permit # Net Postage Due (Subtract postage affixed from total postage) Additional Postage Payment (State reason) For postage affixed, add additional payment to net postage due; for permit imprint,