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Diptera: Calyptratae)
Systematic Entomology (2020), DOI: 10.1111/syen.12443 Protein-encoding ultraconserved elements provide a new phylogenomic perspective of Oestroidea flies (Diptera: Calyptratae) ELIANA BUENAVENTURA1,2 , MICHAEL W. LLOYD2,3,JUAN MANUEL PERILLALÓPEZ4, VANESSA L. GONZÁLEZ2, ARIANNA THOMAS-CABIANCA5 andTORSTEN DIKOW2 1Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany, 2National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A., 3The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, U.S.A., 4Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, U.S.A. and 5Department of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain Abstract. The diverse superfamily Oestroidea with more than 15 000 known species includes among others blow flies, flesh flies, bot flies and the diverse tachinid flies. Oestroidea exhibit strikingly divergent morphological and ecological traits, but even with a variety of data sources and inferences there is no consensus on the relationships among major Oestroidea lineages. Phylogenomic inferences derived from targeted enrichment of ultraconserved elements or UCEs have emerged as a promising method for resolving difficult phylogenetic problems at varying timescales. To reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among families of Oestroidea, we obtained UCE loci exclusively derived from the transcribed portion of the genome, making them suitable for larger and more integrative phylogenomic studies using other genomic and transcriptomic resources. We analysed datasets containing 37–2077 UCE loci from 98 representatives of all oestroid families (except Ulurumyiidae and Mystacinobiidae) and seven calyptrate outgroups, with a total concatenated aligned length between 10 and 550 Mb. About 35% of the sampled taxa consisted of museum specimens (2–92 years old), of which 85% resulted in successful UCE enrichment. -
Seasonal Variation of Pseudophyllidean Cestode, Diphyllobothrium Spp
Tr. J. of Zoology 23 (1999) 85–91 © TÜBİTAK Seasonal Variation of Pseudophyllidean cestode, Diphyllobothrium spp. Infection in Cyclops strenuus abyssorum (Copepoda) in Loch Lomond Mustafa DÖRÜCÜ Fırat Üniversitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, 23119 Elazığ–TURKEY Received: 10.03.1997 Abstract: The seasonal variation in natural levels of infection with procercoids of pseudophyllidean cestodes, Diphyllobothrium spp, and the abundance of Cyclops strenuus abyssorum (Copepoda) were studied in Loch Lomond, Scotland, From March 1993, to February 1994. The prevalence of infected copepods was found to increase with the temperature of the water, a peak occurring in June, while relatively low levels were recorded between December and March. The population density of C. strenuus abyssorum also exhibited seasonal variation, being higher during the warmer months. Water temperature in Loch Lomond, near Rowardennan, ranged from 3.2 to 16°C. The lowest water temperature was recorded in January and the highest in July. Key Words:Infection, Diphyllobothrium spp., Cyclops strenuus abyssorum Lomond Gölü’nde Cyclops strenuus abyssorum (Copepoda)’da Pseudophyllidean Cestode, Diphyllobothrium spp. Enfeksiyonunun Mevsimsel Değişimi Özet: İskoçya, Lomond Gölü’nde Diphyllobothrium spp. ile enfekte olan Cyclops strenuus abyssorum’un enfeksiyon seviyesi ve yoğunluğu Mart 1993 ve Şubat 1994 tarihleri arasında incelendi. Enfekte copepodların yüzdesi su sıcaklığı ile arttı, Haziran’da en yüksek değerine ulaşırken, nisbeten düşük değerler Aralık ile Mart arasında tespit edildi. Cyclops strenuus abyssorum’un populasy- on yoğunluğu da mevsimlere göre değişti; soğuk aylarla karşılaştırıldığında, sıcak aylarda daha yüksek bulundu. Çalışma bölgesinde su sıcaklığı çalışma süresince 3.2 ile 16°C arasında değişti. En düşük değer Ocak ayında ve en yüksek değer Temmuz’da kaydedildi. -
An Industrial Chemical Used in Coal-Washing Influences Plankton Communities in Freshwater Microcosms Danielle Turner Georgia Southern University
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern University Honors Program Theses 2016 An industrial chemical used in coal-washing influences plankton communities in freshwater microcosms Danielle Turner Georgia Southern University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses Part of the Biology Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Turner, Danielle, "An industrial chemical used in coal-washing influences plankton communities in freshwater microcosms" (2016). University Honors Program Theses. 199. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses/199 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in University Honors Program Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An industrial chemical used in coal-washing influences plankton communities in freshwater microcosms An Honors Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in Department of Biology. By Danielle Turner Under the mentorship of Dr. Risa Cohen ABSTRACT In 2014, 4-methylcyclohexane methanol (MCHM), an industrial chemical used to wash coal, contaminated drinking water in 300,000 homes in West Virginia, USA and raised concerns about toxicity to humans and freshwater ecosystems. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention determined that a concentration of 1 ppm was safe for human exposure. Despite the concern for human consumption, it is important to determine if MCHM has negative effects on aquatic organisms in contaminated water, particularly plankton communities that comprise the base of freshwater food webs. I exposed freshwater plankton communities in microcosms to 0, 0.5, 1 or 3 ppm MCHM under greenhouse conditions to determine whether environmentally relevant concentrations adversely affect plankton community composition and water quality. -
Review and Meta-Analysis of the Environmental Biology and Potential Invasiveness of a Poorly-Studied Cyprinid, the Ide Leuciscus Idus
REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE & AQUACULTURE https://doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2020.1822280 REVIEW Review and Meta-Analysis of the Environmental Biology and Potential Invasiveness of a Poorly-Studied Cyprinid, the Ide Leuciscus idus Mehis Rohtlaa,b, Lorenzo Vilizzic, Vladimır Kovacd, David Almeidae, Bernice Brewsterf, J. Robert Brittong, Łukasz Głowackic, Michael J. Godardh,i, Ruth Kirkf, Sarah Nienhuisj, Karin H. Olssonh,k, Jan Simonsenl, Michał E. Skora m, Saulius Stakenas_ n, Ali Serhan Tarkanc,o, Nildeniz Topo, Hugo Verreyckenp, Grzegorz ZieRbac, and Gordon H. Coppc,h,q aEstonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; bInstitute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway; cDepartment of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łod z, Poland; dDepartment of Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; eDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, USP-CEU University, Madrid, Spain; fMolecular Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK; gDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Dorset, UK; hCentre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK; iAECOM, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada; jOntario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada; kDepartment of Zoology, Tel Aviv University and Inter-University Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, Tel Aviv, -
The 17Th International Colloquium on Amphipoda
Biodiversity Journal, 2017, 8 (2): 391–394 MONOGRAPH The 17th International Colloquium on Amphipoda Sabrina Lo Brutto1,2,*, Eugenia Schimmenti1 & Davide Iaciofano1 1Dept. STEBICEF, Section of Animal Biology, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, University of Palermo, Italy 2Museum of Zoology “Doderlein”, SIMUA, via Archirafi 16, University of Palermo, Italy *Corresponding author, email: [email protected] th th ABSTRACT The 17 International Colloquium on Amphipoda (17 ICA) has been organized by the University of Palermo (Sicily, Italy), and took place in Trapani, 4-7 September 2017. All the contributions have been published in the present monograph and include a wide range of topics. KEY WORDS International Colloquium on Amphipoda; ICA; Amphipoda. Received 30.04.2017; accepted 31.05.2017; printed 30.06.2017 Proceedings of the 17th International Colloquium on Amphipoda (17th ICA), September 4th-7th 2017, Trapani (Italy) The first International Colloquium on Amphi- Poland, Turkey, Norway, Brazil and Canada within poda was held in Verona in 1969, as a simple meet- the Scientific Committee: ing of specialists interested in the Systematics of Sabrina Lo Brutto (Coordinator) - University of Gammarus and Niphargus. Palermo, Italy Now, after 48 years, the Colloquium reached the Elvira De Matthaeis - University La Sapienza, 17th edition, held at the “Polo Territoriale della Italy Provincia di Trapani”, a site of the University of Felicita Scapini - University of Firenze, Italy Palermo, in Italy; and for the second time in Sicily Alberto Ugolini - University of Firenze, Italy (Lo Brutto et al., 2013). Maria Beatrice Scipione - Stazione Zoologica The Organizing and Scientific Committees were Anton Dohrn, Italy composed by people from different countries. -
(Danube-Drava National Park, Hungary): Rare and Alien Species
Opusc. Zool. Budapest, 2015, 46(2): 183–197 Microcrustacean diversity in the Gemenc-Béda-Karapancsa Floodplains (Danube-Drava National Park, Hungary): rare and alien species A. KISS, E. ÁGOSTON-SZABÓ, M. DINKA & Á. BERCZIK Anita Kiss, Edit Ágoston-Szabó, Mária Dinka & Árpád Berczik, Centre for Ecological Research of HAS Danube Research Institute, H-1113, Budapest, Karolina út 29. Hungary, [email protected], agoston- [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The composition of microcrustacean fauna was investigated in different water bodies of Gemenc-Béda-Karapancsa Floodplains with special regard to the distribution of alien and rare taxa. Between 2002 and 2013 101 taxa (57 Cladocera, 27 Copepoda, 17 Ostracoda,) were recorded from the water bodies with differing degrees of connectivity to the main river (eu-, para-, plesio- and paleopotamon). 18 species are reported for the first time from the area of Danube-Drava National Park and among them Daphnia ambigua, Pleuroxus denticulatus and Eurytemora velox are allochtonous species in Hungary. E. velox and P. denticulatus have persistent populations in the area, but their contribution to floodplain biodiversity is still not significant. Daphnia ambigua has only local and temporal populations and its presence is confined to the disconnected side of the floodplain. The abundance of thirty species was very low and their distribution pattern in the floodplain is different. The microcrustacean diversity of the plesiopotamal side arms is remarkable, particularly in the Nyéki-Holt-Danube. Keywords. Alien species, Cladocera, Copepoda, Ostracoda, species richness, Gemenc-Béda-Karapancsa Floodplains. INTRODUCTION form an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. -
Assessment of Transoceanic NOBOB Vessels and Low-Salinity Ballast Water As Vectors for Non-Indigenous Species Introductions to the Great Lakes
A Final Report for the Project Assessment of Transoceanic NOBOB Vessels and Low-Salinity Ballast Water as Vectors for Non-indigenous Species Introductions to the Great Lakes Principal Investigators: Thomas Johengen, CILER-University of Michigan David Reid, NOAA-GLERL Gary Fahnenstiel, NOAA-GLERL Hugh MacIsaac, University of Windsor Fred Dobbs, Old Dominion University Martina Doblin, Old Dominion University Greg Ruiz, Smithsonian Institution-SERC Philip Jenkins, Philip T Jenkins and Associates Ltd. Period of Activity: July 1, 2001 – December 31, 2003 Co-managed by Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and NOAA-Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory 2205 Commonwealth Blvd. Ann Arbor, MI 48105 April 2005 (Revision 1, May 20, 2005) Acknowledgements This was a large, complex research program that was accomplished only through the combined efforts of many persons and institutions. The Principal Investigators would like to acknowledge and thank the following for their many activities and contributions to the success of the research documented herein: At the University of Michigan, Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystem Research, Steven Constant provided substantial technical and field support for all aspects of the NOBOB shipboard sampling and maintained the photo archive; Ying Hong provided technical laboratory and field support for phytoplankton experiments and identification and enumeration of dinoflagellates in the NOBOB residual samples; and Laura Florence provided editorial support and assistance in compiling the Final Report. At the Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Sarah Bailey and Colin van Overdijk were involved in all aspects of the NOBOB shipboard sampling and conducted laboratory analyses of invertebrates and invertebrate resting stages. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans by Robert George Young A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Robert George Young, March, 2016 ABSTRACT MOLECULAR SPECIES DELIMITATION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN MARINE PLANKTONIC CRUSTACEANS Robert George Young Advisors: University of Guelph, 2016 Dr. Sarah Adamowicz Dr. Cathryn Abbott Zooplankton are a major component of the marine environment in both diversity and biomass and are a crucial source of nutrients for organisms at higher trophic levels. Unfortunately, marine zooplankton biodiversity is not well known because of difficult morphological identifications and lack of taxonomic experts for many groups. In addition, the large taxonomic diversity present in plankton and low sampling coverage pose challenges in obtaining a better understanding of true zooplankton diversity. Molecular identification tools, like DNA barcoding, have been successfully used to identify marine planktonic specimens to a species. However, the behaviour of methods for specimen identification and species delimitation remain untested for taxonomically diverse and widely-distributed marine zooplanktonic groups. Using Canadian marine planktonic crustacean collections, I generated a multi-gene data set including COI-5P and 18S-V4 molecular markers of morphologically-identified Copepoda and Thecostraca (Multicrustacea: Hexanauplia) species. I used this data set to assess generalities in the genetic divergence patterns and to determine if a barcode gap exists separating interspecific and intraspecific molecular divergences, which can reliably delimit specimens into species. I then used this information to evaluate the North Pacific, Arctic, and North Atlantic biogeography of marine Calanoida (Hexanauplia: Copepoda) plankton. -
The Larval Stages of Trilobites
THE LARVAL STAGES OF TRILOBITES. CHARLES E. BEECHER, New Haven, Conn. [From The American Geologist, Vol. XVI, September, 1895.] 166 The American Geologist. September, 1895 THE LARVAL STAGES OF TRILOBITES. By CHARLES E. BEECHEE, New Haven, Conn. (Plates VIII-X.) CONTENTS. PAGE I. Introduction 166 II. The protaspis 167 III. Review of larval stages of trilobites 170 IV. Analysis of variations in trilobite larvae 177 V. Antiquity of the trilobites 181 "VI. Restoration of the protaspis 182 "VII. The crustacean nauplius 186 VIII. Summary 190 IX. References 191 X Explanation of plates 193 I. INTRODUCTION. It is now generally known that the youngest stages of trilobites found as fossils are minute ovate or discoid bodies, not more than one millimetre in length, in which the head por tion greatly predominates. Altogether they present very little likeness to the adult form, to which, however, they are trace able through a longer or shorter series of modifications. Since Barrande2 first demonstrated the metamorphoses of trilobites, in 1849, similar observations have been made upon a number of different genera by Ford,22 Walcott,34':*>':t6 Mat thew,28- 27' 28 Salter,32 Callaway,11' and the writer.4.5-7 The general facts in the ontogeny have thus become well estab lished and the main features of the larval form are fairly well understood. Before the recognition of the progressive transformation undergone by trilobites in their development, it was the cus tom to apply a name to each variation in the number of tho racic segments and in other features of the test. -
Photoreception in the Planktonic Larvae of Two Species of Pullosquilla, a Lysiosquilloid Stomatopod Crustacean
The Journal of Experimental Biology 201, 2481–2487 (1998) 2481 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1998 JEB1576 PHOTORECEPTION IN THE PLANKTONIC LARVAE OF TWO SPECIES OF PULLOSQUILLA, A LYSIOSQUILLOID STOMATOPOD CRUSTACEAN PAMELA A. JUTTE1,*, THOMAS W. CRONIN2,† AND ROY L. CALDWELL1 1Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA *Present address: Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, PO Box 12559, Charleston, SC 29422-2559, USA †Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 5 June; published on WWW 11 August 1998 Summary Optical microscopy, electron microscopy and which is arrayed in a regular pattern at the distal margin microspectrophotometry were used to characterize of the larval retina. The absorption spectrum of this pigments in the eyes of planktonic larvae of two species of pigment is well matched to the larval rhodopsin, suggesting the lysiosquilloid stomatopod Pullosquilla, P. litoralis and that it acts to screen the rhabdoms from stray light. By P. thomassini, which live sympatrically in French replacing opaque, black screening pigment, the Polynesia. In contrast to the adult retina, which contains a transparent yellow pigment may act together with a blue diverse assortment of visual pigments in the main iridescent layer in the larval retina to reduce the visual rhabdoms, the principal photoreceptors throughout the contrast of the larval eye against downwelling and larval eyes of both species were found to contain a single sidewelling light, while simultaneously acting as a retinal rhodopsin with an absorption maximum (λmax) close to screen. -
Volume 2, Chapter 10-1: Arthropods: Crustacea
Glime, J. M. 2017. Arthropods: Crustacea – Copepoda and Cladocera. Chapt. 10-1. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. 10-1-1 Bryological Interaction. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 19 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 10-1 ARTHROPODS: CRUSTACEA – COPEPODA AND CLADOCERA TABLE OF CONTENTS SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA ......................................................................................................................... 10-1-2 Reproduction .............................................................................................................................................. 10-1-3 Dispersal .................................................................................................................................................... 10-1-3 Habitat Fragmentation ................................................................................................................................ 10-1-3 Habitat Importance ..................................................................................................................................... 10-1-3 Terrestrial ............................................................................................................................................ 10-1-3 Peatlands ............................................................................................................................................. 10-1-4 Springs ...............................................................................................................................................