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First Bryozoan Fauna from the Middle Miocene of Central Java, Indonesia

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First Bryozoan Fauna from the Middle Miocene of Central Java, Indonesia Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology ISSN: 0311-5518 (Print) 1752-0754 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/talc20 First bryozoan fauna from the middle Miocene of Central Java, Indonesia Emanuela Di Martino, Paul D. Taylor, Allan Gil S. Fernando, Tomoki Kase & Moriaki Yasuhara To cite this article: Emanuela Di Martino, Paul D. Taylor, Allan Gil S. Fernando, Tomoki Kase & Moriaki Yasuhara (2019) First bryozoan fauna from the middle Miocene of Central Java, Indonesia, Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 43:3, 461-478, DOI: 10.1080/03115518.2019.1590639 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2019.1590639 Published online: 02 Jun 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 29 View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=talc20 First bryozoan fauna from the middle Miocene of Central Java, Indonesia EMANUELA DI MARTINO , PAUL D. TAYLOR , ALLAN GIL S. FERNANDO, TOMOKI KASE and MORIAKI YASUHARA DI MARTINO, E., TAYLOR, P.D., FERNANDO, A.G.S., KASE,T.&YASUHARA, M. 3 June 2019. First bryozoan fauna from the middle Miocene of Central Java, Indonesia. Alcheringa 43, 461–478. ISSN 0311-5518. Despite the publication of several taxonomic studies during the last few years, our knowledge of bryozoans from the diversity hotspot of the Indo-West Pacific remains seriously deficient. Here we describe 11 bryozoan species, comprising two anascan- and nine ascophoran-grade cheilostomes, from the middle Miocene (Langhian–Serravallian) of Sedan in Central Java, Indonesia. Three ascophoran-grade cheilostomes, Characodoma multiavicularia sp. nov. Di Martino & Taylor, Stenosipora? cribrata sp. nov. Di Martino & Taylor and Lacrimula patriciae sp. nov. Di Martino & Taylor, are described as new species. All of the three extant species have an Indo-Pacific distribution today and two are here reported as fossil for the first time. Four species are left in open nomenclature, either because of the scarcity of available material or the absence of crucial morphological features. Two of these, placed in Cosciniopsis and Actisecos, are likely to be new, while Discoporella sp. represents the easternmost known record for this common free-living genus. A single species, Lacrimula asymmetrica Cook & Lagaaij, was already known from the early Miocene of the same region, although from a site further to the east. Emanuela Di Martino* [[email protected]], Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; Paul D. Taylor [[email protected]], Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; Allan Gil S. Fernando [[email protected]], National Institute of Geological Sciences, The University of Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; Tomoki Kase [[email protected]], National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan; Moriaki Yasuhara [[email protected]], School of Biological Sciences, Swire Institute of Marine Science, University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, PR China. Received 16.12.2018; revised 30.1.2019; accepted 28.2.2019. Key words: Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Cenozoic, Langhian, Serravallian, Indo-West Pacific. THE FOSSIL RECORD of Cenozoic bryozoans from early 2000s by one of us (TK). Sampling localities the global tropics is renowned for being particularly include middle Miocene to Pleistocene outcrops, both in poor (Taylor & Di Martino 2014). Even less well Indonesia and the Philippines. One hundred and twenty- known is the fossil record of bryozoans from the Indo- six samples previously studied for their mollusc and West Pacific (IWP), which at the present day is a hot- ostracod components were examined, but only 17 spot of diversity for shallow-water marine organisms yielded bryozoans. Relatively abundant bryozoans were (Renema et al. 2008). However, since 2014 significant found in a middle Miocene sample from a site in progress has been made with the description of fossil Central Java (Indonesia), which is the subject of this IWP faunas from: (1) the Eocene–Oligocene study, while the remaining samples were collected from (33.5–33.0 Ma) of Tanzania, including four species all several sites of middle Miocene to Pleistocene age in new to science (Di Martino et al. 2018a); (2) the mid- the Philippines (Di Martino et al. in preparation). dle Miocene (17.5–5.3 Ma) of East Kalimantan in the This paper is a contribution towards filling the vast Indonesian Borneo (Di Martino & Taylor 2014, 2015), gap in knowledge of fossil bryozoans from the IWP. comprising 123 species with 33 new species; (3) the Although limited to a single sample, the fauna includes early Pleistocene (1.95–1.77 Ma) of Jawa Timur prov- three new species, the first fossil record of two extant ince in Java, numbering 11 species one of which is species with an Indo-Pacific distribution today, and the described as new (Di Martino & Taylor 2018); and (4) easternmost record for the free-living cupuladriid genus the Holocene of an inter-reef station off Sulawesi, con- Discoporella. This underscores the importance of taxo- nomic work as a baseline for large-scale diversity stud- taining 35 species of which four were new (Di Martino ies in this still largely unknown region. The & Taylor 2018). reconstruction of regional tropical diversity through Further Cenozoic IWP bryozoan faunas that are suf- time (Renema et al. 2008, Yasuhara et al. 2017, ficiently well preserved to be studied systematically Di Martino et al. 2018b), although with some con- were recently discovered in samples collected since the straints owing to patchy sampling, is fundamental to a ß 2019 Geological Society of Australia Inc., Australasian Palaeontologists fuller understanding of the dynamics of species liv- https://doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2019.1590639 ing today. Published online 02 Jun 2019 462 EMANUELA DI MARTINO et al. ALCHERINGA Material and methods IT500 microscopes operated at low-vacuum and back- Bryozoans for this study were obtained from locality scattered electron mode. RMB-1 (647.3460S; 11133.0950E), a small exposure Zooidal measurements were taken from SEM at Ngaglik Creek, about 3 km southwest of the town of images using the image-processing program ImageJ. Sedan in Central Java, Indonesia (Fig. 1; see also Shin Each measurement is given in the descriptions enclosed et al. 2019). The sampling site coincides with the Kali in parentheses and, whenever possible depending on Rebiong section of Robba (1996), with the locality material availability, includes the observed range, mean RMB-1 corresponding either with RGM3 or RGM6 of value plus or minus standard deviation, number of his fig. 2. The sample was obtained from a 1 m-thick specimens measured (N) and total number of measure- fine-grained, concretional sand bed in which solitary ments made (n). Abbreviations are as follows: ZL corals and larger benthic foraminifera were common. zooid length, ZW zooid width, OL opesia/orifice According to Robba (1996), this bed belongs to the length, OW opesia/orifice width, AvL avicularium Tawun Formation and a late Langhian age is assigned length, AvW avicularium width, VL vibraculum length, based on planktonic foraminifera (planktonic foraminif- VW vibraculum width, OvL ovicell length, OvW ovi- eral zone N9). However, the nannofossil analysis con- cell width, ZLd distance between midpoints of orifices ducted by one of us (ASGF) has assigned RMB-1 to of autozooids in two adjacent whorls as an approxima- Serravallian (nannofossil zone NN6). The sample was tion of zooidal length, ZWd distance between mid- soaked in distilled water for disaggregation, subse- points of orifices of adjacent autozooids in the same quently washed through a 63 mm sieve and oven-dried whorl as an approximation of zooidal width. at 40C. Bryozoan colonies and fragments were picked For comparative purposes, studies were made of: using a paintbrush under a binocular microscope from (1) the syntype 31.12.30.142 and non-type material of sieved sediment fractions larger than 500 mm. Scanning the Recent Adeona articulata Canu & Bassler, 1929, electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out at the held in the bryozoan zoological collection at the Natural History Museum (NHMUK) on coated and NHMUK and collected respectively by the ‘Albatross’ uncoated specimens using LEO VP-1455 and JEOL in the Philippine expedition of 1908–9 and by the Fig. 1. Locality maps. A, Regional map of the Indo-West Pacific region. B, Detailed map of Java showing the sample site. Modified from Shin et al. 2019. ALCHERINGA FIRST BRYOZOAN FAUNA FROM CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA 463 Fig. 2. Setosellina constricta Harmer, 1926, scanning electron micrographs of specimen NHMUK PI BZ 8689, Langhian–Serravallian, Central Java, Indonesia: A, General view of the colony (scale bar ¼ 200 mm); B, Close-up of autozooids and distal vibracula with arrow indicating vibracular teeth (scale bar ¼ 100 mm); C, Dorsal side of the colony occupied by irregularly shaped kenozooids (scale bar ¼ 100 mm); D, Close- up of the dorsal kenozooids (scale bar ¼ 100 mm). Siboga Expedition in Indonesia in 1899–1900 (Harmer Setosellina constricta Harmer, 1926 1957); (2) the syntypes USNM 8062–8063 of the (Fig. 2) Recent Characodoma areolatum (Canu & Bassler, 1926 Setosellina constricta Harmer, p. 264, pl. 16, 1929) kept in the bryozoan collection at the National fig. 1. Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) of 2018 Setosellina constricta Di Martino & Taylor, p. Washington, DC; and (3) the type material D52569 of 12, figs 19–22. the Miocene Lacrimula asymmetrica Cook & Lagaaij, 1976, conserved in the fossil bryozoan collection at Material. Six colonies, Langhian–Serravallian, RMB-1, the NHMUK. Central Java, Indonesia. Figured: NHMUK PI BZ 8689. All fossil material studied and figured here has been Description. Colony encrusting sand grains, 1–2mm in deposited in the bryozoan palaeontological collection at diameter, consisting of 10–15 autozooids, completely the NHMUK.
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