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A Pragmatic Analysis of Speech Act of Requests Expressed by the Characters in Office Space a Thesis View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lumbung Pustaka UNY (UNY Repository) A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT OF REQUESTS EXPRESSED BY THE CHARACTERS IN OFFICE SPACE A THESIS Presented as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Attainment of a Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Language and Literature By: Mochamad Rifki Fahrurrozi 10211144026 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY 2015 DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to: My beloved mother and father without whom none of the successes over the last 5 years would have been possible ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Alhamdulillah, all praise be to Allah SWT, the Almighty. Without Him, I would not have completed this thesis writing. I would like to give my deepest thanks to: 1. Drs. Suhaini Muhammad Saleh, M.A., my first supervisor, and Paulus Kurnianta, M.Hum., my second supervisor, for their guidance, support, suggestions, as well as valuable understanding in this thesis completion; 2. Donald J. Nababan, S.S., M.Hum., my academic supervisor, for his guidance during my study in the university; 3. my parents, Pak Sumarjono and Bu Lasmini, for everything they have given to me, for their everlasting love and support, so I can finish this thesis; 4. my two sisters: Mbak Rina and Fitri, my brother-in law, Mas Nur, and my uncle, Mas Tri, for their support and encouragement; 5. all my friends in Kay Ramen, Bobi Tei and Sunrise restaurant: Mas Burhan, Mbak Nana, Tiara, Kotrek, Popo, Dwi, Fian, Doni, Nadia, for their motivation and memories; 6. members of 2010 H class and Linguistics class for their help and friendship; and 7. everybody who always accompanies, supports, and helps me to solve my problems during the process of writing this thesis. Finally, I realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. However, I hope that this study will give some contributions and value to the readers and other researchers. I admit that there are still many weaknesses and shortcomings. Thus, I would gratefully accept any constructive comments and suggestions for the betterment of this thesis. TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ............................................................................................... i APPROVAL SHEET ................................................................................... ii RATIFICATION SHEET ........................................................................... iii SURAT PERNYATAAN .............................................................................. iv DEDICATION .............................................................................................. v MOTTOS ....................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................ vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................. ix LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ............................................................ xii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ................................................................... 1 B. Identification of the Problems ............................................................ 4 C. Limitation of the Problem .................................................................. 5 D. Formulation of the Problem ................................................................ 6 E. Research Objectives ........................................................................... 6 F. Significances of the Research ............................................................ 6 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK A. Literature Review ............................................................................... 8 1. Pragmatics ..................................................................................... 8 2. Speech Acts ................................................................................... 9 a. The Definition of Speech Act ................................................... 9 b. The Classification of Speech Act .............................................. 11 3. Requests ......................................................................................... 12 a. The Definition of Requests ....................................................... 12 b. The Types of Requests .............................................................. 14 c. The Strategies of Requests ........................................................ 17 B. Synopsis of Office Space ................................................................... 23 C. Previous Research .............................................................................. 25 D. Conceptual Framework ...................................................................... 26 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A. Type of Research ............................................................................... 29 B. Research Instruments ......................................................................... 30 C. Form, Context and Source of Data ..................................................... 30 D. Techniques of Collecting Data ........................................................... 31 E. Techniques of Data Analysis ............................................................. 32 F. Data Trustworthiness ......................................................................... 33 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. Research Findings .............................................................................. 35 1. Types and Strategies of Request Employed by the Characters in Office Space .................................................................................... 36 B. Discussion .......................................................................................... 39 1. Types of Request Employed by the Characters in Office Space .............................................................................................. 39 a. Unconventionally Indirect Requests ......................................... 40 b. Conventionally Indirect Requests (Hearer-Oriented Condition) .................................................................................................... 43 c. Conventionally Indirect Requests (Speaker-Based Condition) . 45 d. Direct Request ........................................................................... 47 2. Request Strategies Employed by the Main Characters in Office Space .............................................................................................. 49 a. Hints ........................................................................................... 49 b. Questioning Hearer`s Ability and Willingness ......................... 52 c. Suggestory Formulae ................................................................ 56 d. Statement of Speaker`s Wishes and Desires ............................. 59 e. Statement of Speaker`s Needs and Demands ............................ 60 f. Statement of Obligations and Necessities ................................. 64 g. Performatives ............................................................................ 66 h. Imperatives ................................................................................ 66 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions ........................................................................................ 71 B. Suggestions ........................................................................................ 73 REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 75 APPENDICES .............................................................................................. 85 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Tables Table 1: Types and Strategies of Request ...................................................... 23 Table 2: The Form of Data Sheet for Types of Request and Strategies of Making Request Uttered by the Characters in Office Space ............ 32 Table 3: Types and Strategies of Request Employed by the Characters in Office Space .................................................................................... 36 Figures Figure 1: Analytical Construct ........................................................................ 28 A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT OF REQUESTS EXPRESSED BY THE CHARACTERS IN OFFICE SPACE By: Mochamad Rifki Fahrurrozi 10211144026 ABSTRACT This research is a pragmatic study which focuses on the analysis of speech act of requests as reflected in the film entitled Office Space. The objectives of the study are: (1) to investigate the types of request and (2) to identify the strategies of request employed by characters in the movie. This research was a descriptive qualitative research in which visual analysis was used to interpret and analyze the data. This research was also supported by quantitative analysis in which the researcher used numbers and percentages to count the occurrences of the types and request strategies of request. The data of this research were in the form of lingual units. Meanwhile, the context of the data was dialogues which have speech act of requests. The sources of the data were Office Space movie and its script. The main instrument of this research was the researcher himself and the
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