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Sources of Maratha History: Indian Sources
1 SOURCES OF MARATHA HISTORY: INDIAN SOURCES Unit Structure : 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Maratha Sources 1.3 Sanskrit Sources 1.4 Hindi Sources 1.5 Persian Sources 1.6 Summary 1.7 Additional Readings 1.8 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES After the completion of study of this unit the student will be able to:- 1. Understand the Marathi sources of the history of Marathas. 2. Explain the matter written in all Bakhars ranging from Sabhasad Bakhar to Tanjore Bakhar. 3. Know Shakavalies as a source of Maratha history. 4. Comprehend official files and diaries as source of Maratha history. 5. Understand the Sanskrit sources of the Maratha history. 6. Explain the Hindi sources of Maratha history. 7. Know the Persian sources of Maratha history. 1.1 INTRODUCTION The history of Marathas can be best studied with the help of first hand source material like Bakhars, State papers, court Histories, Chronicles and accounts of contemporary travelers, who came to India and made observations of Maharashtra during the period of Marathas. The Maratha scholars and historians had worked hard to construct the history of the land and people of Maharashtra. Among such scholars people like Kashinath Sane, Rajwade, Khare and Parasnis were well known luminaries in this field of history writing of Maratha. Kashinath Sane published a mass of original material like Bakhars, Sanads, letters and other state papers in his journal Kavyetihas Samgraha for more eleven years during the nineteenth century. There is much more them contribution of the Bharat Itihas Sanshodhan Mandal, Pune to this regard. -
Mumbai-Marooned.Pdf
Glossary AAI Airports Authority of India IFEJ International Federation of ACS Additional Chief Secretary Environmental Journalists AGNI Action for good Governance and IITM Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Networking in India ILS Instrument Landing System AIR All India Radio IMD Indian Meteorological Department ALM Advanced Locality Management ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation ANM Auxiliary Nurse/Midwife KEM King Edward Memorial Hospital BCS Bombay Catholic Sabha MCGM/B Municipal Council of Greater Mumbai/ BEST Brihan Mumbai Electric Supply & Bombay Transport Undertaking. MCMT Mohalla Committee Movement Trust. BEAG Bombay Environmental Action Group MDMC Mumbai Disaster Management Committee BJP Bharatiya Janata Party MDMP Mumbai Disaster Management Plan BKC Bandra Kurla Complex. MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests BMC Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation MHADA Maharashtra Housing and Area BNHS Bombay Natural History Society Development Authority BRIMSTOSWAD BrihanMumbai Storm MLA Member of Legislative Assembly Water Drain Project MMR Mumbai Metropolitan Region BWSL Bandra Worli Sea Link MMRDA Mumbai Metropolitan Region CAT Conservation Action Trust Development Authority CBD Central Business District. MbPT Mumbai Port Trust CBO Community Based Organizations MTNL Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. CCC Concerned Citizens’ Commission MSDP Mumbai Sewerage Disposal Project CEHAT Centre for Enquiry into Health and MSEB Maharashtra State Electricity Board Allied Themes MSRDC Maharashtra State Road Development CG Coast Guard Corporation -
Shivaji the Great
SHIVAJI THE GREAT BY BAL KRISHNA, M. A., PH. D., Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society. the Royal Economic Society. London, etc. Professor of Economics and Principal, Rajaram College, Kolhapur, India Part IV Shivaji, The Man and His .Work THE ARYA BOOK DEPOT, Kolhapur COPYRIGHT 1940 the Author Published by The Anther A Note on the Author Dr. Balkrisbna came of a Ksbatriya family of Multan, in the Punjab* Born in 1882, be spent bis boyhood in struggles against mediocrity. For after completing bis primary education he was first apprenticed to a jewel-threader and then to a tailor. It appeared as if he would settle down as a tailor when by a fortunate turn of events he found himself in a Middle Vernacular School. He gave the first sign of talents by standing first in the Vernacular Final ^Examination. Then he joined the Multan High School and passed en to the D. A. V. College, Lahore, from where he took his B. A* degree. Then be joined the Government College, Lahore, and passed bis M. A. with high distinction. During the last part of bis College career, be came under the influence of some great Indian political leaders, especially of Lala Lajpatrai, Sardar Ajitsingh and the Honourable Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and in 1908-9 took an active part in politics. But soon after he was drawn more powerfully to the Arya Samaj. His high place in the M. A. examination would have helped him to a promising career under the Government, but he chose differently. He joined Lala Munshiram ( later Swami Shraddha- Btnd ) *s a worker in the Guruk.ul, Kangri. -
MAHARASHTRA Not Mention PN-34
SL Name of Company/Person Address Telephone No City/Tow Ratnagiri 1 SHRI MOHAMMED AYUB KADWAI SANGAMESHWAR SANGAM A MULLA SHWAR 2 SHRI PRAFULLA H 2232, NR SAI MANDIR RATNAGI NACHANKAR PARTAVANE RATNAGIRI RI 3 SHRI ALI ISMAIL SOLKAR 124, ISMAIL MANZIL KARLA BARAGHAR KARLA RATNAGI 4 SHRI DILIP S JADHAV VERVALI BDK LANJA LANJA 5 SHRI RAVINDRA S MALGUND RATNAGIRI MALGUN CHITALE D 6 SHRI SAMEER S NARKAR SATVALI LANJA LANJA 7 SHRI. S V DESHMUKH BAZARPETH LANJA LANJA 8 SHRI RAJESH T NAIK HATKHAMBA RATNAGIRI HATKHA MBA 9 SHRI MANESH N KONDAYE RAJAPUR RAJAPUR 10 SHRI BHARAT S JADHAV DHAULAVALI RAJAPUR RAJAPUR 11 SHRI RAJESH M ADAKE PHANSOP RATNAGIRI RATNAGI 12 SAU FARIDA R KAZI 2050, RAJAPURKAR COLONY RATNAGI UDYAMNAGAR RATNAGIRI RI 13 SHRI S D PENDASE & SHRI DHAMANI SANGAM M M SANGAM SANGAMESHWAR EHSWAR 14 SHRI ABDULLA Y 418, RAJIWADA RATNAGIRI RATNAGI TANDEL RI 15 SHRI PRAKASH D SANGAMESHWAR SANGAM KOLWANKAR RATNAGIRI EHSWAR 16 SHRI SAGAR A PATIL DEVALE RATNAGIRI SANGAM ESHWAR 17 SHRI VIKAS V NARKAR AGARWADI LANJA LANJA 18 SHRI KISHOR S PAWAR NANAR RAJAPUR RAJAPUR 19 SHRI ANANT T MAVALANGE PAWAS PAWAS 20 SHRI DILWAR P GODAD 4110, PATHANWADI KILLA RATNAGI RATNAGIRI RI 21 SHRI JAYENDRA M DEVRUKH RATNAGIRI DEVRUK MANGALE H 22 SHRI MANSOOR A KAZI HALIMA MANZIL RAJAPUR MADILWADA RAJAPUR RATNAGI 23 SHRI SIKANDAR Y BEG KONDIVARE SANGAM SANGAMESHWAR ESHWAR 24 SHRI NIZAM MOHD KARLA RATNAGIRI RATNAGI 25 SMT KOMAL K CHAVAN BHAMBED LANJA LANJA 26 SHRI AKBAR K KALAMBASTE KASBA SANGAM DASURKAR ESHWAR 27 SHRI ILYAS MOHD FAKIR GUMBAD SAITVADA RATNAGI 28 SHRI -
District Census Handbook, Thane
CENSUS OF INDIA 1981 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK THANE Compiled by THE MAHARASHTRA CENSUS DIRECTORATE BOMBAY PRINTED IN INDIA BY THE MANAGER, GOVERNMENT CENTRAL PRESS, BOMBAY AND PUBLISHED BY THE DIRECTOR, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, STATIONERY AND PUBLICATIONS, MAHARASHTRA STATE, BOMBAY 400 004 1986 [Price-Rs.30·00] MAHARASHTRA DISTRICT THANE o ADRA ANO NAGAR HAVELI o s y ARABIAN SEA II A G , Boundary, Stote I U.T. ...... ,. , Dtstnct _,_ o 5 TClhsa H'odqllarters: DCtrict, Tahsil National Highway ... NH 4 Stat. Highway 5H' Important M.talled Road .. Railway tine with statIOn, Broad Gauge River and Stream •.. Water features Village having 5000 and above population with name IIOTE M - PAFU OF' MDKHADA TAHSIL g~~~ Err. illJ~~r~a;~ Size', •••••• c- CHOLE Post and Telegro&m othce. PTO G.P-OAJAUANDHAN- PATHARLI [leg .... College O-OOMBIVLI Rest House RH MSH-M4JOR srAJE: HIJHWAIY Mud. Rock ." ~;] DiStRICT HEADQUARTERS IS ALSO .. TfIE TAHSIL HEADQUARTERS. Bo.ed upon SUI"'Ye)' 0' India map with the Per .....ion 0( the Surv.y.,.. G.,.roI of ancIo © Gover..... ,,, of Incfa Copyrtgh\ $8S. The territorial wat.,. rilndia extend irato the'.,a to a distance 01 tw.1w noutieol .... III80sured from the appropf'iG1. ba .. tin .. MOTIF Temples, mosques, churches, gurudwaras are not only the places of worship but are the faith centres to obtain peace of the mind. This beautiful temple of eleventh century is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is located at Ambernath town, 28 km away from district headquarter town of Thane and 60 km from Bombay by rail. The temple is in the many-cornered Chalukyan or Hemadpanti style, with cut-corner-domes and close fitting mortarless stones, carved throughout with half life-size human figures and with bands of tracery and belts of miniature elephants and musicians. -
D. D. Kosambi History and Society
D. D. KOSAMBI ON HISTORY AND SOCIETY PROBLEMS OF INTERPRETATION DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF BOMBAY, BOMBAY PREFACE Man is not an island entire unto himself nor can any discipline of the sciences or social sciences be said to be so - definitely not the discipline of history. Historical studies and works of historians have contributed greatly to the enrichment of scientific knowledge and temper, and the world of history has also grown with and profited from the writings in other branches of the social sciences and developments in scientific research. Though not a professional historian in the traditional sense, D. D. Kosambi cre- ated ripples in the so-called tranquil world of scholarship and left an everlasting impact on the craft of historians, both at the level of ideologi- cal position and that of the methodology of historical reconstruction. This aspect of D. D. Kosambi s contribution to the problems of historical interpretation has been the basis for the selection of these articles and for giving them the present grouping. There have been significant developments in the methodology and approaches to history, resulting in new perspectives and giving new meaning to history in the last four decades in India. Political history continued to dominate historical writings, though few significant works appeared on social history in the forties, such as Social and Rural Economy of North- ern India by A. N. Bose (1942-45); Studies in Indian Social Polity by B. N. Dutt (1944), and India from Primitive Communism to Slavery by S. A. Dange (1949). It was however with Kosambi’s An Introduction to the study of Indian History (1956), that historians focussed their attention more keenly on modes of production at a given level of development to understand the relations of production - economic, social and political. -
Under Government Orders
(Under Government Orders) BOMBAY PlUNTED AT THE GOVERNMENT CENTlUI. PRESS )btainable from the Government Publications Sales Depot, Institute of Science ' Building, Fort, Bombay (for purchasers in Bombay City); from the Government Book Depot, Chami Road Gardens, Bombay 4 (for orders from the mofussil) or I through the High Commissioner for India, India House, Aldwych, London. W.C.2 . or through any recognized Bookseller. Price-Re. 11 Anna.s 6 or 198. 1954 CONTENTS 1lJ. PAGB PREFACE v GENERAL INTRODUCTION • VII-X MAP. PART I. CHAPTER 1 : PHYSICAL FEATURES .urn NATURAL REsOURCES- 1 Boundaries and Sub-Divisions 1 ; ASpects 2 ; Hills 4 ; River Systems 6; Geology 10 ; Climate 11; Forests 20; Fauna 24 ; Birds 28; Fish 32; Snakes 37. PART n. CHAPTER 2: ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY- ,(1 Hindu Period ~90 B.C.-1295 A.D.) 41; Muslim Period (1295-1720) 43; Maratha Period \1720-1818) 52; British Period (1819-1947) 59. PART m. CIIAPTE~ 3: TIm, ~OPLE .AND Tm:m CULTURE-.- 69 Population' (1951 Census) 69; Food 75; Houses and Housing 76; Dress 78; Ornaments 21 ; Hindu CUstoms 82 ; Hindu Religious Practices 120;. Gaines 137; Dances 141; Akhadas or TaIims 145; ·Tamasha 146; Bene Israels'147; Christians 150; Muslims 153 ~ People from Tamil Nad 'and Kerala 157; Sindhi Hindus, 159. P~T IV....iECONOMIC ORGAN1ZAT~ON. CHAPTER 4: GENERAL ECONOMIC SURVEY .. 163 CHAPTER 5 : A~CULTUllE- 169 Agricultural .Popillation 169.; Rainfall 172; 'Agricultural Season 173; Soils 174; Land Utilization 177 j Holdings 183; Cereals 191; Pulses 196; Oil-Seeds 199; Drugs and Narcotics 201; Sugarcane 202; Condiments and Spices 204; Fibres 206; Fruits and Vegetables 207; AgricUltural. -
2019073010.Pdf
^ ヘ ヘ ( ( ( ( ^ Government Ofル へ laharashtra ( ^ ^ ^ ^ 勁 ′ル ( ¨ ″ 2お へ 力 乃υarDむ″力′ ( ヘ ヘ by Mining Branch, ^ ofrlce oF District c011ectOr and Districtル 【agistrate,Palghar ( 〕 survey RepoHぉ pttpardhaccOrd8nCeMI¶ "‖ nJ・ “ d"ed“ Duary 2016 ( 0f Ministw OF Envirollment l:∫ n∬習 ‖ 鳥 鳳 思 alld sustnillable salld Mining i`anagemell`Guideunes 2016 by Millistry oF EllvirOnmellt,Forest alld ヘ cumate challge ハ ハ ハ Preface In exercise of powers conferred by section l5 of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (67 of 1957) and of all other powers enabling it in that behalf, the Govemment of Maharashtra hereby makes the rules, for regulating the extraction of Minor Minerals namely: These rules are the Maharashtra Minor Mineral Extraction (Development and Regulation) Rules, 2013. Hon'ble Supreme court of India vide its judgment dated February 27, 2012 and further relief amendment dated April 16, 2012 directed all states, Union Territories and ministry of environment and forest, govt. of India, New Delhi to screen mining of minor minerals leases within the purview of EIA notification 2006 and made requirement of environmental clearance to minor minerals less than 5ha compulsory. Ministry of environment & forest, Gol vide its office memorandum L- ll0l1l47/201l.IA.II(M) dated 18.05.2012 directed mass to comply Hon'ble Supreme court decision. Further streamlining of Environmental clearance procedures, MOEFCC, GOI amended EIA notification 2006 vide S.O.I41(E) dated 15.01.2016 where procedure for preparation of District Survey Report (DSR) for minor minerals has been prescribed. Further the procedure for preparation of DSR and Format is amended vide MOEFCC notification S.O.3611(E) dated 25.07.2018.The subjected DSR is defined as "Appendix -X (See Paragraph 7(iii)(a))" of the notification S.O.14l(E) dated 15.01.2016 and S.O. -
Pincode Officename Mumbai G.P.O. Bazargate S.O M.P.T. S.O Stock
pincode officename districtname statename 400001 Mumbai G.P.O. Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400001 Bazargate S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400001 M.P.T. S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400001 Stock Exchange S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400001 Tajmahal S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400001 Town Hall S.O (Mumbai) Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400002 Kalbadevi H.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400002 S. C. Court S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400002 Thakurdwar S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400003 B.P.Lane S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400003 Mandvi S.O (Mumbai) Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400003 Masjid S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400003 Null Bazar S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400004 Ambewadi S.O (Mumbai) Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400004 Charni Road S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400004 Chaupati S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400004 Girgaon S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400004 Madhavbaug S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400004 Opera House S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400005 Colaba Bazar S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400005 Asvini S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400005 Colaba S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400005 Holiday Camp S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400005 V.W.T.C. S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400006 Malabar Hill S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400007 Bharat Nagar S.O (Mumbai) Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400007 S V Marg S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400007 Grant Road S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400007 N.S.Patkar Marg S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400007 Tardeo S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400008 Mumbai Central H.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400008 J.J.Hospital S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400008 Kamathipura S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400008 Falkland Road S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400008 M A Marg S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400009 Noor Baug S.O Mumbai MAHARASHTRA 400009 Chinchbunder S.O -
ICA (Ha) I.P. (Ha) Live Storage (MCM) Total Domestic Industrial Irrigation
Potential Created Storage Mm3 Planned Water Utilization Type If LIS Irrigation Sr. Dist. & Basin Sub (Major/ Source Name of Project Live (Includin No. Taluka Basin Medium/ Reservoi ICA (Ha) I.P. (Ha) Storage Total Domestic Industrial g Total Minor re (MCM) evaporati on) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 A) Completed Projects (Storage 100 % and Potential created > 95% A Major Projects 1 Kal Roha Kundalika Major 7930 9317 211.13 211.12 7.65 47.06 156.42 211.13 Chandgad, 2 THEP. Dhamane Dam Tilari Major 200 200 91.13 113.37 0.5 0.162 90.468 91.13 Kolhapur 2 Total A 8130 9517 302.26 324.49 8.15 47.222 246.888 302.26 B Medium 1 Wandri Palghar Vaitarna Medium 2044 3066 35.940 35.94 2.23 0 28.47 30.7 2 Raja Nalla Karjat Ulhas Medium 2542 3190 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 Amba valley Roha Amba Medium 277 370 316.01 316.01 0 303.61 12.4 316.01 4 Natuwadi Khed Vashisthi Medium 2050 3998 27.23 28.08 2.23 0 25 27.23 4 Total B 6913 10624 379.18 380.03 4.46 303.61 65.87 373.94 C 1 Minor State 1 Bubli Surgana Nar par Minor 134 181 1.61 1.629 0.21 0 1.69 1.9 2 Harangoan Peint Nar par Minor 469 633 5.09 5.243 0 0 5.34 5.34 3 Pahuchibari Peint Nar par Minor 114 208 1.43 1.573 0 0 1.5 1.5 4 Shirale Peint Nar par Minor 255 344 1.9 1.9 0.02 0 1.57 1.59 5 Inambari Peint Damanganga Minor 192 259 2.37 2.47 0 0 2.37 2.37 6 Shinde Peint Damanganga Minor 254 343 1.17 1.225 0 0 1.17 1.17 7 Aad Peint Damanganga Minor 254 343 1.63 1.651 0 0 1.63 1.63 8 Lingavane Peint Damanganga Minor 152 205 1.82 1.868 0 0 1.82 1.82 9 Cholmukh Peint Damanganga Minor 480 648 3.24 4.91 0 0 3.24 3.24 10 Jategaon Trimbak Damanganga Minor 140 189 1.67 1.74 0 0 1.67 1.67 11 Chinchwad Trimbak Damanganga Minor 165 223 1.98 2.02 0 0 1.98 1.98 12 Waigholpada Trimbak Damanganga Minor 437 590 4.87 4.94 0 0 4.87 4.87 13 Ambai Trimbak Damanganga Minor 260 351 2.05 2.177 0 0 2.05 2.05 Potential Created Storage Mm3 Planned Water Utilization Type If LIS Irrigation Sr. -
Proceedings of National Seminar on Biodiversity And
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF COASTAL AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS OF INDIA (2012) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Patrons: 1. Hindi VidyaPracharSamiti, Ghatkopar, Mumbai 2. Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) 3. Association of Teachers in Biological Sciences (ATBS) 4. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) 5. Mangroves for the Future (MFF) Advisory Committee for the Conference 1. Dr. S. M. Karmarkar, President, ATBS and Hon. Dir., C B Patel Research Institute, Mumbai 2. Dr. Sharad Chaphekar, Prof. Emeritus, Univ. of Mumbai 3. Dr. Asad Rehmani, Director, BNHS, Mumbi 4. Dr. A. M. Bhagwat, Director, C B Patel Research Centre, Mumbai 5. Dr. Naresh Chandra, Pro-V. C., University of Mumbai 6. Dr. R. S. Hande. Director, BCUD, University of Mumbai 7. Dr. Madhuri Pejaver, Dean, Faculty of Science, University of Mumbai 8. Dr. Vinay Deshmukh, Sr. Scientist, CMFRI, Mumbai 9. Dr. Vinayak Dalvie, Chairman, BoS in Zoology, University of Mumbai 10. Dr. Sasikumar Menon, Dy. Dir., Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Centre, Mumbai 11. Dr, Sanjay Deshmukh, Head, Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai 12. Dr. S. T. Ingale, Vice-Principal, R. J. College, Ghatkopar 13. Dr. Rekha Vartak, Head, Biology Cell, HBCSE, Mumbai 14. Dr. S. S. Barve, Head, Dept. of Botany, Vaze College, Mumbai 15. Dr. Satish Bhalerao, Head, Dept. of Botany, Wilson College Organizing Committee 1. Convenor- Dr. Usha Mukundan, Principal, R. J. College 2. Co-convenor- Deepak Apte, Dy. Director, BNHS 3. Organizing Secretary- Dr. Purushottam Kale, Head, Dept. of Zoology, R. J. College 4. Treasurer- Prof. Pravin Nayak 5. Members- Dr. S. T. Ingale Dr. Himanshu Dawda Dr. Mrinalini Date Dr. -
Raja Shiv Chhatrapati
Raja Shiv Chhatrapati 1 Kavi Bhushan’s Poem इंद्र जजमम जंभपर ,बाढव सुअंभ पर, रावन सदंभ पर,रघकु ु ऱराज है ! पौन बाररबाह पर,संभु रतिनाह पर, 煍यⴂ सहसबाह पर,राम 饍ववजराज है ! दावा द्रमु दंड पर,चीिा मगृ झंुड पर, भूषन वविंडु पर,जैसे मगृ राज है ! िेज िम अंस पर,काꅍह जजमम कंस पर, 配यⴂ ममऱ楍छ बंस पर,सेर मसवराज है ! 2 Pre – Shivaji Period 3 Yadavas of Devagiri 4 Annexed by Allauddin Khalji 5 Dark Era • 1294 A.D. Delhi Sultan Allauddin Khalji defeated Ramdev Yadav. • 1313 A.D. Malik Kafur defeated Shankardev Yadav. • 1317 A.D. Kutubuddin Khalji defeated Harpal Dev. Devagiri renamed as Daulatabad. 6 Dark Era.. • 1347 A.D. Alaudin Hasan established Bahamani Sultanate. • 1510 A.D. Portuguese rule established in Gomantak. • Bahamani Sultanate splited into 5 independent Sultanate. • 1565 A.D. Alliance of Adilshahi, Nizamshahi & Qutubshahi defeated Vijaynagar Empire. 7 Saints in Maharashtra 8 Malik Ambar 9 Shahji Raje Bhosale 10 Jijabai 11 Lakhuji Raje Jadhav 12 Shahji’s Struggle • 1629 A.D. Nizamshah assassinated Lakhuji Jadhav in the court. • Shahji Raje left Adilshahi and attempted to establish independent kingdom at Pune. • Adilshahi army destroyed Pune. • Shahji Raje joined Mughal Service. 13 Shivaji’s Birth 14 Shahji’s Struggle • After Malik Ambar’s death Shahji again joined Nizamshahi. • Ruled Nizamshahi with puppet Badshah. • Mughal-Adilshahi allied forces annexed Nizamshah. • Shahji Raje again joined Adilshahi according to treaty. 15 Pune Re-established 16 Training 17 Idea of Hindavi Swarajya • 1640 A.D.