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! . . , 2 3# 45 ! 6, 7 !82 69 (1-- ./0 . (-- + , Chenopodiaceae * ; +; B (-- + , Salsola . /< ! /, 3# 8 . 3# = / !0 !; >? . , @ 2:#;. !> @2: ; =* C $#D E? @2 F;. + ,/ 5$ +; G> $ @ !; , . /, ! Salsoloideae * !"# L.9 / !;2 F;. 5$ +; . /, ! E"# # @ K . !" ; H IH& = J * 3; G> $ ! ; @2>", . MN * O !; < = @B8 #H = 4 8P @ #; Q = R . 2; 8 . IHN = @ , = < !0 ; . / / ! / D :; I ST < !; , @ + L,< @ . */, M T 3# @ + @ H >P Q2 H ? ! @ !W @ < . @ ; < 4 9TD +; . L L 8 BU0 " , MN V9H @ N D X L 7 !% N G> $ @ *:#;. < * YD ! 6, 7 !>ZZP !"; +; G> $ @ L S. *:#;. =/ */, */<7 % (1 [</0 \ , L 7 !% "; @ . L I.O !, @2< */ , 7 @2 < . ! < !% . IPOD . * I.O :; !"; < V;, ^ S. arbusculiformis , S. orientalis , tomentosa S. incanescens , S. @ ! .< /P < # @. */, `a @ ; < I . /;. ! @ ;_ < 8 0 < )n=ef S. tomentosa , S. crassa S. kali . * / U >_; 8 0 . )n =(c S. turkestanicabbb dendroides . 3; `. .< LO (1 S. kali . S. crassa . =* Q g, g;9D */, @ h D ; < . /, ! / U >7 D LO ( . 3; ` .< LO (i S. tomentosa ./ @ 8< h D ; < 9D ; 3; M `. .< LO e . H; 6;BH h D ; < 9D 3; M `. .< LO 3; . 3; ` .< LO c S. turkestanica . 3; M ` .< !. < /P . +; . / , :; @ # h D ; < 9D 3; ` .< LO j S. dendroides . S. incanescens . @ @ (X) !. .< ;7 /P . L */, 8< h D ; < 9D !. .< /P 6;BH . , !8< I.OD h D ; < 9D ^ . . /, ! X=j */,
ECOSYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF SOME SPECIES OF THE GENUS SALSOLA L. IN IRAN
GHOLAMREZA BAKHSHI KHANIKI PAYAME NOOR UBIVERSITY , P. O. BOX 19396-4697, TEHRAN , IRAN
Abstract The family of Chenopodiaceae includes c. 100 genera and almost 1500 species. It is widely distributed in temperate, subtropical, salin habitates, alkaline praires and saltmarshes and has an important role in the desert vegetation of the world. The genus Salsola is the greateast genus in subfamily of Salsoloideae containig 100 species. The identification of different species of this genus is almost difficult because it has no easily recognizable characters. Some characteristics such as resistivity to drought , salin , pests , diseased , grazing and having deep root system and different life forms make it suitable forage plant in arid lands . Different species of this genus cultivate in salty lands where no other crops could give a good yield , or in those areas where irrigation is possible only by salty water.The main aim of investigation is the karyology and ecology of some species of Salsola where , the different species of Salsola are the main plants in the vegetation. Annual species are distributed in lowlands with maximum %15 slope . Habitate of tree species, S. arbusculiformis , S. orientalis, S. tomentosa differ from the others in ecologic condition where they grow in elevations (Max 1500 m) and pediment zone . Karyological studies was performed on 6 Salsola species. The somatic choromosome number was 2n =18 in S. incanescens , S. dendroides , S.turkestanica and 2n =36 in S. kali , S. crassa and S. tomentosa. The choromosome are small and it makes difficulty in homologs identification. The karyotype formola is 2n = 2x = 36 = 22M + 8 m + 6 sm for S. kali, 2n = 2x = 36 = 14M +16 m + 6 sm for S. crassa , 2n = 2x = 36= 14M + 20 m +2 sm for S. tomentosa , 2n= 2x =18= 10 M + 6m + 1 sm for S. turkestanica ,2n = 2x = 18 = 4M + 14m for S. incanescens , 2n = 2x = 18 = 6M +12m for S. dendroides. The basic choromosome number (x) for studied species is x = 9. key words : Karyology , Ecology , Chenopodiaceae , Salsola