DOCSLIB.ORG

Renewable Natural Gas: a Compliance and Voluntary Solution to Lower Greenhouse Gases BLUESOURCE IS…

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Renewable Natural Gas: a Compliance and Voluntary Solution to Lower Greenhouse Gases BLUESOURCE IS… Renewable Natural Gas: A Compliance and Voluntary Solution to Lower Greenhouse Gases BLUESOURCE IS… DEVELOPER RETAILER INNOVATOR Largest and most-established carbon Renewable Energy Credits (RECs), Bluesource pioneers new offset developer in North America. Low Carbon Fuel Standard Credits environmental attribute markets, (LFCS) as well as carbon offsets creative commercial structures and 200+ Projects, 20+ Project Types proficient capital deployment. 150+ million tons of greenhouse gas emission reductions SIMPLE & EFFICIENT | UNMATCHED EXPERIENCE | COMPREHENSIVE & COST - EFFECTIVE | QUALIFIED Bluesource has been voted Best Project Developer and Best Offset Originator 4 years running by Environmental Finance. Salt Lake City San Francisco Calgary Toronto BLUESOURCE PROJECT PORTFOLIO 25+ RNG plants we pair to Voluntary Buyers, Green Tariff Utilities, Transportation End Use 3 BLUESOURCE RNG TEAM ▪ 4 hub offices: Salt Lake City, San Francisco, Calgary, and Toronto ▪ 43 employees Will Overly Lizzie Aldrich ▪ 10 employees on the RNG team Vice President Vice President of Business ▪ Will Overly- US RNG Business Unit Leader Development ▪ Sarah Johnson- US RNG director ▪ Chelle Davidson- RNG Compliance Manager ▪ Lizzie Aldrich- Ag Methane & LCFS specialist ▪ Justin Friesen- Registration & Implementation Sarah Johnson Chelle Davidson ▪ Courtney Messer- RNG Analyst Director of RNG Projects RNG Compliance Manager ▪ Jamie MacKinnon- Canadian RNG Leader ▪ Kevin Townsend- Offset, RIN & LCFS Sales ▪ Ben Massie- Offset, RIN & LCFS Sales ▪ Matt Harmer- Internal Counsel ▪ Coby Price- Internal Counsel Justin Friesen Courtney Messer Manager RNG Projects Analyst RNG Analyst Analyst WHAT IS BIOGAS/BIOMETHANE/RNG? Biogas- product of organic material decomposing in an anaerobic (zero oxygen) condition. The raw biogas needs treatment to clean out impurities to meet pipeline Landfill | Wastewater | Anaerobic Digestion specifications Biogas Biomethane- refers to cleaned and conditioned Biogas that meets pipeline quality Manure | Food Waste | Crop Residue Environmental Attribute- refers to a volume of gas that was produced in a designated environmentally beneficial fashion. The EAs can be separated from the biomethane and assigned to gas in a different region. (unbundled/transfer by displacement) Pipeline Conditioning Renewable Natural Gas (RNG)- pipeline quality gas with the Biomethane/RNG Environmental Attributes attached from a renewable source. produced in a designated environmental beneficial fashion. The EAs can be separated from the biomethane and assigned to gas in a different region. (bundled or unbundled) Gas Grid | End Use | Transportation 5 - CURRENT RNG MARKET DEMAND Voluntary Compliance Pre- • Corporates • National- Compliance (ESG, Scope RFS2, LCFS • CFS/LCFS or 1) (CA, OR), RNG RPS • Utility RNG Cap & Trade Tariffs • International 6 NOT ALL RNG IS CREATED EQUAL Compliance NRTHNatural AMERICAN Gas Voluntary OFFSETPre- PROJECTSCompliance RFS Value Corporate Compliance LCFS $1.70/D3 RIN (Physical) (EA) (EA) $195/LCFS $0.75/D5 RIN DAIRY/SWINE $1.50-$2.00/ D3 -250 CI MANURE N/A N/A $84/mmbtu mmbtu $19.93/mmbtu $61.98/mmbtu 0 CI FOOD WASTE $1.50-$2.00/ D5- N/A $15.54/mmbtu $9-20/mmbtu $8-11/mmbtu $8-11/mmbtu Tip Fees! mmbtu $ 8.79/mmbtu -25 CI $20.18/mmbtu $8-11/mmbtu D3 30 CI $8-11/mmbtu WASTEWATER $1.50-$2.00/ $19.93/mmbtu $9.96/CI TREATMENT $31/mmbtu mmbtu $8-11/mmbtu $8-11/mmbtu D5- N/A N/A Only a sampling of project types Bluesource develops or can source. LANDFILL GAS $1.50-$2.00/ D3 45 CI $8-11/mmbtu N/A $28/mmbtu mmbtu $19.93/mmbtu $7.18/CI 7 VOLUNTARY BUYER’S RNG APPROACH TO NET ZERO- SCOPE 1 EMISSIONS Source: WRI, “Operational Boundaries of GHG Emissions” 8 CORPORATES’ VOLUNTARY RNG PURCHASES Purchase RNG directly (bundled) • Through a direct connection pipeline • Through a book-and-claim accounting that involves a financial transaction for the gas o Examples of companies pursing these options: Purchase Green-e Thermal/Renewable Thermal Certificates separate from actual gas purchases (unbundled). • An emerging standard that has not yet been completely developed. o Slated to be ready for use in 2020. 9 NATURAL GAS UTILITIES WITH VOLUNTARY RNG TARIFFS Utilities Purchase RNG to offer to Residential & Commercial clients • Similar to Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS for Electricity) • Pass along costs through Green Gas Tariffs 10 APPLES TO APPLES COMPARISON OFFSETS VS RNG Direct boiler operations use of natural gas example: LFG RNG= 40 70,000 116.89 2,204.62 3,711.43 CI x ÷ = $370.74/ton MMBtu of lbs CO2 lbs CO2 metric tons natural gas /MMBtu /metric of CO2 ton Biogas with a 40 CI score (lower landfill gas RNG) would have approximately 50% savings: approximately 1,855 metric ton savings. Offsets $2-12/ton 70,000 $10 1,855 $370.74 x ÷ = MMBtu of /MMBtu metric /metric ton biogas tons 11 12 PRE-COMPLIANCE & COMPLIANCE MARKETS ▪ Pre-Compliance Market: Opportunity for early actors to take a position before regulation – Canada in preparation for the Federal CFS – Any State or Province that pursuing a CFS/LCFS or Cap and Trade program • WA, CO, MN, NY, etc. ▪ Compliance Market: Regulation requires that action is taken – CA Cap and Trade: RNG (virgin) can be used to lower obligation – Federal Renewable Fuel Standard: National program to increase renewable fuels in the transportation market (RNG) – CA LCFS: State program to decrease carbon intensity of transportation fuels (20% by 2030) – OR CFP: State program to decrease carbon intensity of transportation fuels (10% by 2025) 13 RIN/LCFS RNG TO CNG PROJECT OVERVIEW Ag Methane & AD Project Developer X Biomethane Conditioning End-User CNG / LNG for transportation Obligated Party WWTP Sale of: RINs LCFS credits Annual Renewable Landfill Volume Obligations under RFSII Introduction to Commercial Distribution Direct Use – Either used on-site of conditioning plant or transported via tanker to dedicated end-user ▪ RIN value shared between ABC Landfill, Project Developer X and End-user ▪ LCFS only if project and end-user are in California Pipeline | Virtual – RNG sold to remote user through inter-connected gas network ▪ If end-user is in California, there is potential for LCFS credits LCFS RNG TO RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY OVERVIEW Ag Methane & AD Project Developer X Biomethane to Electricity End-User Electricity transportation Obligated Party WWTP Sale of: LCFS credits Deficits generated Landfill EVs, Forklifts, Buses, etc. from CI vs Standard Introduction to WREGIS Transmission Virtual – RECs sold to remote user through WREGIS connected grid ▪ If end-user is in California, there is potential for LCFS credits RIN MARKET OVERVIEW ▪ The EPA’s Renewable Fuel Standard 2 requires blenders and refiners of fuel to blend increasing amounts of biofuels in their fleets over time. ▪ Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) qualifies for this program and generates Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs). ▪ Each RIN is equal to a gallon of ethanol equivalent. ▪ There are different flavors of RINs based on the greenhouse gas intensity of the fuel to make it. ▪ RNG qualifies for the most valuable of the RINs and is known as a D3 RIN. ▪ RINs can be stacked with LCFS credits. 16 CALIFORNIA LOW CARBON FUEL STANDARD ▪ LCFS Target: Reduce carbon intensity of transportation fuels by 20% below 2010 levels by 2030. ▪ Mechanism: Sets annual carbon intensity values for gasoline and diesel fuels in terms of gCO2/MJ. ▪ 2020 Standard: 91.98 gCO2/MJ for gasoline and 92.92 gCO2/MJ for diesel. Those fuels above the standard create deficits and those below create credits. ▪ Regulated parties: Most providers (importers and refiners) of petroleum and biofuels. Meet target by buying credits or blending in less carbon intensive fuels. ▪ Opt-in to create credits: Electricity, hydrogen, natural gas, and biogas. ▪ How to create credits: Full lifecycle assessment determines opt-in carbon intensity (CI). If the CI is below the current standard, then credits can be earned and sold to regulated entities. 17 THANK YOU Will Overly, MBA Vice President [email protected] (801) 438-1533 Lizzie Aldrich, M.S., Ph.D. Vice President of Business Development [email protected] (303) 898-5558 Green-e® Certification for Renewable Fuels Rachael Terada September 29, 2020 Bluesource Webinar Renewable Natural Gas: A Compliance and Voluntary Solution to Lower Greenhouse Gases Center for Resource Solutions Nongovernmental Organization (NGO) creating policy and market solutions to advance sustainable energy since 1997. • Expert assistance • Renewable energy and climate policy • Renewable Energy Markets annual conference • Green-e® certification for suppliers and users of renewable energy and carbon offsets in the voluntary market © 2020 Center for Resource Solutions. All rights reserved. PAGE 2 Green-e® Certification • Global leader in clean energy certification • Consumer protection for voluntary renewable energy purchases • Over 68 million MWh in retail transactions certified in 2019, enough to power over half of U.S. households for a month. © 2020 Center for Resource Solutions. All rights reserved. PAGE 3 Green-e® Governance Board Current representatives from: • Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) • Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) • CDP • National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) • Center for Resource Solutions (CRS) • Southern Environmental Law Center • Renewable Northwest • WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff • Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) • Keyes, Fox & Wiedman LLP • SunPower Corporation Plus, non-voting members from 3Degrees, Puget Sound Energy,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2020 ETHANOL INDUSTRY OUTLOOK 1 Focusing Forward, from Challenge to Opportunity
    RENEWABLE FUELS ASSOCIATION RFA Board of Directors Neil Koehler RFA Chairman Pacific Ethanol Inc. www.pacificethanol.com Jeanne McCaherty Charles Wilson Geoff Cooper Rick Schwarck RFA Vice Chair RFA Treasurer RFA President RFA Secretary Guardian Energy LLC Trenton Agri Products LLC Renewable Fuels Association Absolute Energy LLC www.guardiannrg.com www.trentonagriproducts.com www.EthanolRFA.org www.absenergy.org Neal Kemmet Mick Henderson Brian Kletscher Bob Pasma Ace Ethanol LLC Commonwealth Agri-Energy LLC Highwater Ethanol LLC Parallel Products www.aceethanol.com www.commonwealthagrienergy.com www.highwaterethanol.com www.parallelproducts.com Ray Baker Scott Mundt Pat Boyle Delayne Johnson Adkins Energy LLC Dakota Ethanol LLC Homeland Energy Solutions LLC Quad County Corn Processors Coop. www.adkinsenergy.com www.dakotaethanol.com www.homelandenergysolutions.com www.quad-county.com Eric McAfee John Didion Seth Harder Dana Lewis Aemetis Inc. Didion Ethanol LLC Husker Ag LLC Redfield Energy LLC www.aemetis.com www.didionmilling.com www.huskerag.com www.redfieldenergy.com Randall Doyal Carl Sitzmann Kevin Keiser Walter Wendland Al-Corn Clean Fuel LLC E Energy Adams LLC Ingredion Inc. Ringneck Energy LLC www.al-corn.com www.eenergyadams.com www.ingredion.com www.ringneckenergy.com Erik Huschitt Bill Pracht Chuck Woodside Brian Pasbrig Badger State Ethanol LLC East Kansas Agri-Energy LLC KAAPA Ethanol Holdings LLC Show Me Ethanol LLC www.badgerstateethanol.com www.ekaellc.com www.kaapaethanol.com www.smefuel.com Jim Leiting Jason Friedberg
    [Show full text]
  • Fuel Properties Comparison
    Alternative Fuels Data Center Fuel Properties Comparison Compressed Liquefied Low Sulfur Gasoline/E10 Biodiesel Propane (LPG) Natural Gas Natural Gas Ethanol/E100 Methanol Hydrogen Electricity Diesel (CNG) (LNG) Chemical C4 to C12 and C8 to C25 Methyl esters of C3H8 (majority) CH4 (majority), CH4 same as CNG CH3CH2OH CH3OH H2 N/A Structure [1] Ethanol ≤ to C12 to C22 fatty acids and C4H10 C2H6 and inert with inert gasses 10% (minority) gases <0.5% (a) Fuel Material Crude Oil Crude Oil Fats and oils from A by-product of Underground Underground Corn, grains, or Natural gas, coal, Natural gas, Natural gas, coal, (feedstocks) sources such as petroleum reserves and reserves and agricultural waste or woody biomass methanol, and nuclear, wind, soybeans, waste refining or renewable renewable (cellulose) electrolysis of hydro, solar, and cooking oil, animal natural gas biogas biogas water small percentages fats, and rapeseed processing of geothermal and biomass Gasoline or 1 gal = 1.00 1 gal = 1.12 B100 1 gal = 0.74 GGE 1 lb. = 0.18 GGE 1 lb. = 0.19 GGE 1 gal = 0.67 GGE 1 gal = 0.50 GGE 1 lb. = 0.45 1 kWh = 0.030 Diesel Gallon GGE GGE 1 gal = 1.05 GGE 1 gal = 0.66 DGE 1 lb. = 0.16 DGE 1 lb. = 0.17 DGE 1 gal = 0.59 DGE 1 gal = 0.45 DGE GGE GGE Equivalent 1 gal = 0.88 1 gal = 1.00 1 gal = 0.93 DGE 1 lb. = 0.40 1 kWh = 0.027 (GGE or DGE) DGE DGE B20 DGE DGE 1 gal = 1.11 GGE 1 kg = 1 GGE 1 gal = 0.99 DGE 1 kg = 0.9 DGE Energy 1 gallon of 1 gallon of 1 gallon of B100 1 gallon of 5.66 lb., or 5.37 lb.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Renewable Fuel Standard Program: Measuring the Impact on Crude Oil and Gasoline Prices Philip K. Verleger, Jr.1 This Paper
    The Renewable Fuel Standard Program: Measuring the Impact on Crude Oil and Gasoline Prices Philip K. Verleger, Jr.1 This paper examines the impact of the Renewable Fuel Standard program (RFS) on crude oil and gasoline prices. The RFS program was enacted fourteen years ago in 2005, but the particular focus of this paper is on the period from 2015 to 2018. The conclusions offered from this research are that the RFS program has provided economic benefits to consumers in the United States and worldwide. Retail gasoline prices are lower thanks to the program. The findings from an econometric model show that the savings to consumers resulting from the RFS averaged $0.22 per gallon from 2015 through 2018. Quantifying the Benefits of Renewable Fuels The first and most obvious benefit from renewables lies in the price of crude oil. The blending of approximately one million barrels per day of ethanol into U.S. motor fuels over the 2015 through 2018 period has lowered the average price of crude by $6 per barrel. This reduction has cut the retail gasoline price by $0.22 per gallon from the level that would have obtained absent the presence of ethanol in the motor gasoline supply. The lowering of gasoline prices confers a second benefit on consumers. Because gasoline demand is price inelastic, consumers have been able to allocate a smaller percentage of their total consumption budget to fuel purchases. This has allowed them to expend more on other goods. Over four years, US consumers have been able to spend almost $90 billion per year more on other goods because of gasoline prices being pulled down by renewable fuel use.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogas As a Transport Fuel—A System Analysis of Value Chain Development in a Swedish Context
    sustainability Article Biogas as a Transport Fuel—A System Analysis of Value Chain Development in a Swedish Context Muhammad Arfan *, Zhao Wang, Shveta Soam and Ola Eriksson Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden; [email protected] (Z.W.); [email protected] (S.S.); [email protected] (O.E.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +46-704-400-593 Abstract: Biofuels policy instruments are important in the development and diffusion of biogas as a transport fuel in Sweden. Their effectiveness with links to geodemographic conditions has not been analysed systematically in studying biogas development in a less urbanised regions, with high po- tential and primitive gas infrastructure. One such region identified is Gävleborg in Sweden. By using value chain statistics, interviews with related actors, and studying biofuels policy instruments and implications for biogas development, it is found that the policy measures have not been as effective in the region as in the rest of Sweden due to different geodemographic characteristics of the region, which has resulted in impeded biogas development. In addition to factors found in previous studies, the less-developed biogas value chain in this region can be attributed particularly to undefined rules of the game, which is lack of consensus on trade-off of resources and services, unnecessary competition among several fuel alternatives, as well as the ambiguity of municipalities’ prioritization, and regional cultural differences. To strengthen the regional biogas sector, system actors need a strategy to eliminate blocking effects of identified local factors, and national policy instruments should provide mechanisms to process geographical conditions in regulatory, economic support, Citation: Arfan, M.; Wang, Z.; Soam, and market formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Business Plan for Washington, D.C
    Natural Gas and its Contribution to a Low Carbon Future Climate Business Plan for Washington, D.C. MARCH 2020 ALTAGAS // NATURAL GAS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO A LOW CARBON FUTURE Forward Looking Statement This Climate Business Plan, prepared solely for the Company’s operations in the District of Columbia, contains forward-looking statements, which are subject to the inherent uncertainties in predicting future results and conditions. Such statements are based on our current expectations as of the date we filed this business plan, and we do not undertake to update or revise such forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law. Statements contained in this business plan concerning expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, strategies, expenditures, recovery of expenditures, future environmental matters, regulatory and legislative proposals, future events or performance and underlying assumptions and other statements that are other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions based on information available at the time the statement is made and can often be identified by terms and phrases that include “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “continue,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “predict,” “will,” “potential,” “forecast,” “target,” “guidance,” “outlook” or other similar terminology. The Company believes that it has chosen these assumptions or bases in good faith and that they are reasonable.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard on Food and Feed Prices
    BRIEFING © 2021 INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON CLEAN TRANSPORTATION JANUARY 2021 The impact of the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard on food and feed prices Jane O’Malley, Stephanie Searle Stakeholders have engaged in significant debate around the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and its impact on food and feed prices since its implementation in 2005. Various stakeholders have expressed concerns that the RFS has adverse economic impacts on consumers, livestock farmers, food manufacturers, and restaurants. This briefing paper reviews evidence of the impacts of the RFS on food prices, with a focus on corn and soy, and presents new analysis on the impact of the RFS on U.S. livestock farmers. We summarize the history of debate surrounding the RFS from the perspective of farmers, industry, and policymakers, and analyze its economic impacts relative to a counterfactual, no-RFS scenario. BACKGROUND ON THE RENEWABLE FUEL STANDARD AND NATIONAL DEBATE Farmers in the United States consider the RFS to be a boon for their industry, particularly for the crops that are biofuel feedstocks, most notably corn and soybean. Today, nearly 40% of the U.S. national corn crop, or 6.2 billion bushels, is used for ethanol production while approximately 30% of soy oil produced in the United States is used in biodiesel.1 The RFS is generally believed by stakeholders to increase corn prices. www.theicct.org 1 David W. Olson and Thomas Capehart, “Dried Distillers Grains (DDGs) Have Emerged as a Key Ethanol Coproduct,” United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, October 1, 2019, https:// [email protected] www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2019/october/dried-distillers-grains-ddgs-have-emerged-as-a-key-ethanol- coproduct/; U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Fuels Standard
    EmergingEmerging AlternativeAlternative FuelFuel IssuesIssues May, 2007 Agricultural Air Quality Task Force Meeting Paul Argyropoulos, Senior Policy Advisor EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality FutureFuture forfor FuelsFuels MeetingMeeting inin thethe Middle?Middle? - Currently, More Questions than Answers - Environment Energy Economics The Sweet Spot ? 2 ExistingExisting andand EmergingEmerging IssuesIssues ThatThat WillWill ImpactImpact thethe FuelsFuels MixMix Production Technologies Infrastructure Sustainable Feedstocks Economics Metrics: Lifecycle, Energy, Hybrid Federal / State Incentives Energy Security, Diversity Vehicles/Engines and Sustainability Fleet Efficiency Environmental Protection: Fuel Types and Multi-Media Issues Usage Scenarios The Sweet Spot? Meeting Energy Needs, Environmental Protection Economically Sustainable 3 WhereWhere AreAre WeWe Now?Now? Federal Fuels – Systems / Integrated Approach Final National RFS – April 10, 2007 Reformulated Fuels Impact of Removal of Oxy Requirement Conventional Fuels The Re-emergence of “Alternative Fuels”? New/Future Fuels State Fuels State Air Quality Fuels (SIP Fuels) State Renewable and Alternative Fuels Other EPAct Section 1509 – Fuels Harmonization vs. Trend Toward Diversification National Biofuels Action Plan Biomass Research and Development Board National Advisory Council for Energy Policy and Technology 4 OverviewOverview ofof 20062006 U.S.U.S. FuelFuel RequirementsRequirements Source: ExxonMobil 2007 5 BoutiqueBoutique FuelsFuels fromfrom StateState
    [Show full text]
  • Substitutability of Electricity and Renewable Materials for Fossil Fuels in a Post-Carbon Economy
    Article Substitutability of Electricity and Renewable Materials for Fossil Fuels in a Post-Carbon Economy Antonio García-Olivares Received: 7 September 2015; Accepted: 17 November 2015; Published: 25 November 2015 Academic Editor: Robert Lundmark Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Marine Sciences, Ps. Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain; [email protected]; Tel.: +34-932309500 Abstract: A feasible way to avoid the risk of energy decline and combat climate change is to build a 100% renewable global energy mix. However, a globally electrified economy cannot grow much above 12 electric terawatts without putting pressure on the limits of finite mineral reserves. Here we analyze whether 12 TW of electricity and 1 TW of biomass (final) power will be able to fuel a future post-carbon economy that can provide similar services to those of a contemporary economy. Contrarily to some pessimistic expectations, this analysis shows that the principle economic processes can be replaced with sustainable alternatives based on electricity, charcoal, biogas and hydrogen. Furthermore, those services that cannot be replaced are not as crucial so as to cause a return to a pre-industrial society. Even so, land transport and aviation are at the limit of what is sustainable, outdoor work should be reorganized, metal primary production should be based on hydrogen reduction when possible, mineral production should be increasingly based on recycling, the petrochemical industry should shrink to a size of 40%–43% of the 2012 petrochemical sector, i.e., a size similar to that the sector had in 1985–1986, and agriculture may require organic farming methods to be sustainable.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantifying the Potential of Renewable Natural Gas to Support a Reformed Energy Landscape: Estimates for New York State
    energies Review Quantifying the Potential of Renewable Natural Gas to Support a Reformed Energy Landscape: Estimates for New York State Stephanie Taboada 1,2, Lori Clark 2,3, Jake Lindberg 1,2, David J. Tonjes 2,3,4 and Devinder Mahajan 1,2,* 1 Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (J.L.) 2 Institute of Gas Innovation and Technology, Advanced Energy Research and Technology, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (D.J.T.) 3 Department of Technology and Society, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA 4 Waste Data and Analysis Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Public attention to climate change challenges our locked-in fossil fuel-dependent energy sector. Natural gas is replacing other fossil fuels in our energy mix. One way to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) impact of fossil natural gas is to replace it with renewable natural gas (RNG). The benefits of utilizing RNG are that it has no climate change impact when combusted and utilized in the same applications as fossil natural gas. RNG can be injected into the gas grid, used as a transportation fuel, or used for heating and electricity generation. Less common applications include utilizing RNG to produce chemicals, such as methanol, dimethyl ether, and ammonia. The GHG impact should be quantified before committing to RNG. This study quantifies the potential production of biogas (i.e., Citation: Taboada, S.; Clark, L.; the precursor to RNG) and RNG from agricultural and waste sources in New York State (NYS).
    [Show full text]
  • Agstar Industry Directory for On-Farm Biogas Recovery Systems
    Industry Directory for On-Farm Biogas Recovery Systems September INDUSTRY DIRECTORY FOR ON-FARM BIOGAS RECOVERY SYSTEMS The AgSTAR Program produces this Industry Manufacturers/Distributors include entities that Directory to assist livestock producers and ot hers manufacture, distribute, and in some cases, install involved in developing anaerobic digestion systems equipment used in biogas recovery systems, to identify consultants, designers, developers, including covers, engines, tanks, and other system equipment vendors, and other providers of biogas components. energy services. Publishers distribute journals and reports of If you are in the planning stages of a biogas interest to farm owners and ot hers interested in recovery system, we recommend that you use the biogas recovery systems. Industry Directory in combination with the AgSTAR Handbook (which is available on the AgSTAR Universities are educational institutions, including website at www.epa.gov/agstar) as project land grant colleges and uni versities, involved in development tools to begin the initial project developing and demonstrating on-farm biogas planning process to increase the potential for recovery systems and technologies. success. The Directory is not all inclusive. We will update the Commodity Organizations represent the interests Directory regularly as we learn of new businesses in of a specific crop or livestock commodity. the livestock waste market. These updates will be Commodity organizations generally are involved in posted on t he AgSTAR website, along with other marketing or lobbying activities. AgSTAR products. Consultants provide a variety of services related to If you wish to be included in the Directory, go t o biogas recovery systems, including feasibility www.epa.gov/agstar/tools/experts/signup.html.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles
    An Overview of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles A Joint Study Sponsored by: U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Energy May 1998 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available electronically at http://www.doe.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: [email protected] Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 phone: 800.553.6847 fax: 703.605.6900 email: [email protected] online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste NREL/TP-580-24772 An Overview of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles John Sheehan Vince Camobreco James Duffield Michael Graboski Housein Shapouri National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 A national laboratory of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Lantmännen Agroetanol, Sweden Bioenergy
    Lantmännen Agroetanol, Sweden Bioenergy Stringent CO reduction criteria lead to business Success Stories 2 success IEA Bioenergy: 02 2018 Year of implementation: 2005, updated 2015 Location: Norrköping, Sweden Technology: Ethanol biorefinery Location of the ethanol plant close to biomass-based CHP ensures deliveries of renewable electricity and process heat. Principle feedstocks: Wheat and other grains, as well as starch-rich residues from the food industry Products/markets: Fuel ethanol and co-products in the form of protein-rich feed. A further co-product here is the (biobased) carbon dioxide that is captured and sold as industrial raw material to customers in the food processing and packaging industry. Technology Readiness TRL 9 – actual system proven in operational environment Level (TRL): DESCRIPTION Lantmännen is a Swedish agricultural cooperative owned by 25,000 Swedish farmers, providing food, feed and fuel nationally and internationally. Since 2001, Lantmännen has produced fuel ethanol at a facility in Norrköping in South-Eastern Sweden based on wheat and other grains as well as residues from the food industry. The plant was initiated to develop new markets for agricultural products. Thanks to efficient processes, the use of renewable process energy from adjacent biomass-fueled CHP and important co-products in the form of protein-rich feed and biogas, the fuel ethanol produced reduces GHG emissions by more than 90 % compared to fossil fuels. From 2015, Lantmännen is also marketing a renewable ethanol fuel for diesel engines called Agro Cleanpower 95, which reduces GHG emissions by up to 90% compared to fossil diesel. A noteworthy co-product here is the (biobased) CO2 sold as industrial raw material to customers in the food processing and packaging industry, i.e.
    [Show full text]