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The Hermeneutics of Symbolical Imagery in Shakespeare´S Sonnets

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The Hermeneutics of Symbolical Imagery in Shakespeare´S Sonnets UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE LETRAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LETRAS LITERATURAS DE LÍNGUA INGLESA The Hermeneutics of Symbolical Imagery in Shakespeare´s Sonnets Dissertação submetida à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Letras na Ênfase Literaturas de Língua Inglesa Mestrando: Rafael Carvalho Meireles Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Sandra Sirangelo Maggio Porto Alegre Maio, 2005 FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA MEIRELES, Rafael Carvalho The Hermeneutics of Symbolical Imagery in Shakespeare´s Sonnets Rafael Carvalho Meireles Porto Alegre: UFRGS, Instituto de Letras, 2005. 209 p. Dissertação (Mestrado - Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. 1. Literatura inglesa. 2. Crítica literária. 3. William Shakespeare. 4. Sonetos. 5. Estudos do Imaginário. Agradecimentos FAMILIARES: À minha mãe e ao meu pai PESSOAS ESPECIAIS: PROFESSORES ESPECIAIS: Às professoras Dras. Sandra S. Maggio e Ana M. L. de Mello MEMBROS DA BANCA: Ana M. L. de Mello, Élvio A. Funck, Rosalia N. Garcia ÓRGÃOS FINANCIADORES PPG-LET Por fim, a todos aqueles que, direta ou indiretamente, auxiliaram a realização deste trabalho. RESUMO A presente dissertação consiste em um estudo das imagens simbólicas dos Sonetos de Shakespeare sob a luz das teorias modernas e contemporâneas do imaginário, mito e símbolo de autores como C.G.Jung, P. Ricoeur e G. Durand. Procura mostrar parte do processo criativo Shakespeareano identificando mitos pessoais, imagens recorrentes, assim como arquétipos e padrões arquetípicos presentes nos sonetos. Divide-se em três capítulos. O primeiro, a Introdução, apresenta Shakespeare como poeta e resume algumas abordagens críticas e os problemas decorrentes que foram debatidos até então. Antecipa ainda, a discussão sobre a importância do imaginário do leitor no processo hermenêutico. O segundo capítulo, O imaginário e o imaginário de Shakespeare, divide-se em duas partes. Na primeira, apresento os campos onde literatura, mito, e símbolo relacionam-se entre si, assim como a teoria da metáfora de P. Ricoeur. A segunda parte consiste em dados gerais do imaginário simbólico dos 154 sonetos, cuja base é uma versão moderna da edição de 1609 (conhecida como The Quarto), com a análise de dois sonetos (28,146) que funciona como modelo para as demais, integrantes do terceiro capítulo. Finalmente, o capítulo 3, A hermenêutica das imagens simbólicas dos sonetos de Shakespeare, traz o estudo propriamente dito, e apresenta as imagens recorrentes, arquétipos, padrões arquetípicos e mitos pessoais encontrados nos sonetos. A conclusão reflete a tentativa de mostrar a importância das imagens simbólicas para os Sonetos, assim como apontar formas através das quais os imaginários de autor e leitor misturam-se, gerando significação. ABSTRACT This thesis aims at studying the symbolical imagery of Shakespeare’s Sonnets in the light of modern theories on the imaginary, symbolism, and myth put forward by authors such as C.G. Jung, P. Ricoeur, and G. Durand. It attempts at showing a part of Shakespeare’s creative process by identifying personal myths, recurrent images, as well as archetypes and archetypal patterns inherent in the Sonnets. The work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter presents Shakespeare as a poet and summarizes some critical approaches and consequent problems that have been part of the Sonnets´ critical heritage. It also anticipates the discussion on the importance of the reader’s imaginary in the hermeneutic process. Chapter two is divided in two segments. The first, where I present the grounds on which myth, literature and symbols are related, as well as Ricoeur’s theory of the metaphor; and the second, that consists of general imaginary symbolic data about the 154 sonnets, approached through a modernized version of the 1609 Quarto. In addition, there comes the analysis of sonnets 28 and 146, as models for the others to come in chapter 3. Finally, chapter three The Hermeneutics of Symbolical Imagery in Shakespeare’s Sonnets, displays the study of recurrent images, archetypes, archetypal patterns and personal myths within Shakespeare’s Sonnets. The Conclusion reflects upon the work’s attempt at showing the importance of symbolic images for the study of the sonnets, as well as considers some of the ways through which the imaginary of the writer and that of the reader bind, generating meaning. TABLE OF CONTENTS Resumo..................................................................................................................03 Abstract.................................................................................................................04 Table of Contents.................................................................................................05 1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................08 2 – THE IMAGINARY AND SHAKESPEARE´S IMAGINARY.................34 2.1 – The Theory of Metaphor………………………………………………...34 2.2 – Shakespeare´s Imaginary………………………………………………..40 3 - THE HERMENEUTICS OF SYMBOLICAL IMAGERY IN SHAKESPEARE´S SONNETS…………………………………………....…60 Sonnet 1.............................................................................................................64 Sonnet 5.............................................................................................................69 Sonnet 9.............................................................................................................72 Sonnet 12 ..........................................................................................................77 Sonnet 15...........................................................................................................82 Sonnet 18...........................................................................................................86 Sonnet 21...........................................................................................................89 Sonnet 22...........................................................................................................91 Sonnet 24...........................................................................................................93 Sonnet 27...........................................................................................................96 Sonnet 33..........................................................................................................100 Sonnet 40..........................................................................................................104 Sonnet 43......................................................................................................... 107 Sonnet 44..........................................................................................................115 Sonnet 45..........................................................................................................117 Sonnet 49..........................................................................................................121 Sonnet 55..........................................................................................................126 Sonnet 61 .........................................................................................................129 Sonnet 73 .........................................................................................................133 Sonnet 76..........................................................................................................136 Sonnet 80..........................................................................................................140 Sonnet 95..........................................................................................................145 Sonnet 97..........................................................................................................147 Sonnet 103........................................................................................................150 Sonnet 104........................................................................................................152 Sonnet 113........................................................................................................154 Sonnet 116.........................................................................................................157 Sonnet 118........................................................................................................161 Sonnet 127........................................................................................................163 Sonnet 130 ...................................................................................................... 168 Sonnet 144........................................................................................................173 Sonnet 146 ........................................................................................................178 Sonnet 153.........................................................................................................181 Sonnet 154.........................................................................................................185 CONCLUSION..................................................................................................187 BIBLIOGRAPHY..……………………………………………………………195 APPENDIXES.………………………………………………………………...200 “A função da arte não é a de passar por portas abertas, mas de abrir portas fechadas. Quando o artista descobre novas realidades, porém, ele não o consegue apenas
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