DOCSLIB.ORG

Legal Problems Confronting the Effective Creation and Administration of New Towns in the United States Richard W

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron Akron Law Review Akron Law Journals August 2015 Legal Problems Confronting the Effective Creation and Administration of New Towns in the United States Richard W. Hemingway Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview Part of the Property Law and Real Estate Commons Recommended Citation Hemingway, Richard W. (1977) "Legal Problems Confronting the Effective Creation and Administration of New Towns in the United States," Akron Law Review: Vol. 10 : Iss. 1 , Article 5. Available at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview/vol10/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Akron Law Journals at IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in Akron Law Review by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Hemingway: Legal Problems of New Towns LEGAL PROBLEMS CONFRONTING THE EFFECTIVE CREATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF NEW TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES* RICHARD W. HEMINGWAYt INTRODUCTION TT MAY SEEM a startling statistic to some that the population in the United States is increasing at the rate of some three hundred thousand people per month.' Stated more dramatically, this increase is equal in size to the addition, during a year, of twelve cities the size of Toledo, Ohio, or, in a decade, of ten cities the size of Detroit, Michigan. On a world basis the growth is even more startling. In the United States even the casual traveler is concerned with the seemingly endless increase in meaningless urban sprawl. Some writers envision that the entire east coast of the United States, from Washington northward, will soon constitute a gigantic megalopolis. The increase in urban population, as a percentage of total population from 1870 through 1960 was as follows:2 1870 1960 New England 44.4% 76.4% Middle Atlantic 44.1 80.9 Great Lakes 21.6 73.0 Southeast 9.5 52.1 Plains 18.9 58.8 Southwest 6.9 72.4 Mountain 13.9 65.0 Far West 31.2 81.5 United States 25.2% 69.9% *The following article is based upon a thesis submitted to the University of Michigan School of Law in 1968 in partial fullfiliment of requirements for a Master of Laws degree. tHorn Professor of Law, Texas Tech University School of Law; J.D., Southern Methodist University; LL.M., University of Michigan. 1 REPORT OF THE ADVISORY COMM'N ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS-URBAN AND RuRAL AMERICA: PoLICIES FOR FuTuRE GROWTH Appendix 1-B (1968) [hereinafter cited as ADVISORY COMM'N REPORT]. 2 Id. at Appendix 1-C. In the ten years between 1960 and 1970, nationwide urban population has increased 19.2 percent. STATISTICAL ABSTRACT OF THE UmTED STATES 19 (96th ed. 1975). Published by IdeaExchange@UAkron, 1977 1 Akron Law Review, Vol. 10 [1977], Iss. 1, Art. 5 AKRON LAW REVIEW [Vol. 10:1 It is a serious question, even with revitalization of the present American cities, whether they will be able to accommodate this future growth and, if able, to furnish a proper environment. As long ago as 1898, an Englishman, Ebenezer Howard, greatly concerned with the plight of the City of London, became the forerunner of the garden city concept with the publication of his book, To-Morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform, reissued under its present title, Garden Cities of To-morrow. Howard's thesis was that excess population could be drained from large population centers like London, and be redistributed and rehoused in garden cities of limited population, located in the country. In time, many of his propositions were incorporated in English legislation: The New Towns Act of 1946,' and the Town and Country Planning Act of 1947.' Pursuant to this and later legislation, twenty one new towns have been, or are in the process of being, established in Great Britain. Of these, seventeen are located in England and four in Scotland. The enthusi- asm of the English for the new town concept after the passage of early legislation is well summed up by Lloyd Rodwin: The new towns policy, it was felt, could attack in one stroke a whole group of problems, including reconstruction, housing, and dispersal. London's growth and congestion would be halted; housing, a major postwar need, would be rapidly provided in new balanced communi- ties; population and economic activity would be redistributed for the benefit of other areas. For a while many planners were emboldened to believe that national planning in Britain might well be coupled with the three-dimensional vision of a New Jersualem which inspired some of the members of the new government.6 In addition to Great Britain, new towns have been established or planned in over fifty countries.' 3 E. HOWARD, GARDEN CrEs OF ToMoRRoW (1902) [hereinafter cited as HOwARD]. 4 New Towns Act of 1946, 9 & 10 Geo. 6, c. 68. The provisions of this Act were repealed and reenacted in the New Towns Act of 1965, note 35 infra. 5 Town and Country Planning Act of 1947, 10 & 11 Geo. 6, c. 51, currently the Town and Country Planning Act of 1962, 10 & 11 Eliz. 2, c. 38, as amended by the Town and Country Planning Act of 1963, 11 & 12 Eliz. 2, c. 17. 6 L. RODWIN, BRITISH NEW TOWNS POLICY 21 (1956) [hereinafter cited as RODWIN]. 7 See F. OSBORN & A. WHITICK, THE NEW TOWNS, THE ANSWER TO MEGALOPOLIS 139-48 (1963), [hereinafter cited as OSBORN & WHITTICK], where the authors list, somewhat liberally perhaps, the following countries which have built new towns: Aden, Australia, Austria, Bechuanaland, Brazil, British Honduras, Borneo, Bulgaria, Canada, Ceylon, Chile, Czecho- slovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, East and West Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Libya, Malaya, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Northern and Southern Rodesia, Rumania, Santa Lucia, http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview/vol10/iss1/5Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, Uganda, U.S., U.S.S.R., Venezuela, and 2 Yugoslavia. It is interesting to note that in the U.S.S.R. alone, more than eight hundred new Hemingway: Legal Problems of New Towns Summer, 1976] LEGAL PROBLEMS OF NEW TOWNS Due to the success, or assumed success, of new towns in these countries, much has been written in the United States to the effect that new towns should be built here to help house and redistribute overspill population from crowded cities. We have seen the start of over 100 so-called "new towns" in this country, which are now in varying stages of completion. In fact, as early as 1936 three Greenbelt Towns were created by the Resettlement Administration. In 1969, Reston, Virginia was hailed as the new Camelot; Columbia, Maryland has been planned as much by social scientists as architects and town planners; Irvine, California is hailed as a new intellectual center on the West Coast; Lake Havasu, Arizona proclaims itself as the retirement city beyond compare, complete with the London Bridge. However, on the other side of the coin, Reston has been taken over by its major investor, Gulf Oil Corporation, due to lack of sales; Sunset/Whitney Ranch, Leisure World, and El Dorado Hills, California, have suspended sales, and Joppatown, Maryland went to bankruptcy with 8 flags flying. It is the purpose of this study to determine what has contributed to the success of the British New Towns program; survey what is being done in the United States; and to determine, if possible, whether a similar approach may be taken to the construction of New Towns in the United States. The study is directed towards the legal problems that will be inherent in the creation and administration of New Towns in this country, rather than social and other environmental aspects of town planning. I. NEW TOWNS IN GREAT BRITAIN I see a City being wrought Upon the rock of Living Thought: Upon her rising walls I look, And every stone is like a book 0 many milk-white pages, fair Imprinted, with a loving care; While on each lovely page is set Word of a wisdom lovelier yet. Henry Bryan Binns towns have been created since 1945. For general information on land planning in foreign countries, see G. BURKE, GREENHEART METROPOLIS, PLANNING THE WESTERN NETHERLANDS (1966); D. CRONIN, TOWN PLANNING IN IRELAND (1965); T. FLOYD, TOWN PLAN- NING IN SOUTH AFRICA (1960); M. GOULDMAN, LEGAL ASPECTS OF TOWN PLANNING IN ISRAEL (1966). 8 See Can New Towns Meet a Budget? BusINESS WEEK, Nov. 18, 1967; TIME, Sept. 29, Published1967, byat IdeaExchange@UAkron,87. 1977 3 Akron Law Review, Vol. 10 [1977], Iss. 1, Art. 5 AKRON LAW PEVEEW [Vol. 10:1 Before going on to an examination of the ideas of Howard and the manner in which they came to be represented in English legislation, it may be well to define generally what is meant by the terms "garden city" and "new town". Although Howard, as we will see, would have found some distinction between these terms, for the purpose of this discussion they will be deemed to be synonymous. A new town, then, is defined as a community, more or less economically and socially balanced, which together with its supporting industry is strategically located for the purpose of absorbing population pressures of other urban areas or otherwise redistributing popu- lation and industry. New towns are not new. Although Ebenezer Howard may be the modem precursor of the use of garden cities or new towns, limited in area and population for the purpose of housing excess inhabitants, this form of growth was followed by the Greeks, for the same purposes, from the fourth to the sixth century B.C.
Recommended publications
  • Housing Connections Growth

    Housing Connections Growth

    economy social housing connections growth top three % in education: health: % % +/- average % owner railway within thirty % growth employment employment % with a good general house price occupied station miles of large 1954 - types [s.a. 44.67] quailification health [s.a.£150,257] [s.a. 62.59] settlement 2006 [s.a. 66.77] [s.a. 89.85] girvan 38.39 57.02 88.47 13 60.51 1.2 c o a s t a l 115 51.77 62.11 92.5 25 65.13 - 0.64 lerwick 41.14 63.85 93.15 156 68.38 41.96 north berwick performance structure and history top employer [s] - health & manufacturing Coastal towns have had a variety of different roles and functions through time. However, in all cases their location 2/7 have higher than average % of people in was the reason for their early existence. The sea provided employment harbours for fishing and coast lines provided strategic de- fensive positions. Fishing and associated trade provided a 0/7 have a higher than average % of people with qualifications catalyst for growth and many of the towns became market towns as a result. Four out of the seven towns studied were 5/7 have better than average health granted Royal Burgh status, marking the importance of the harbour. 7/7 have higher than average house price 5/7 have higher than average owner occupation The arrival of railways in the 19th century marked a change in fate for these towns. With attractive coastal locations, 3/7 have a railway towns such as North Berwick and Dunbar began to attract tourists.
  • Complete Communities Chapter

    Complete Communities Chapter

    ATTACHMENT 1 Complete Communities: Mix of Uses and Forms While the Wedges and Corridors plan was extraordinarily progressive in advocating a transit- oriented, compact form of development, it rejected the idea of mixed commercial and residential uses. The plan said the spaces designated for different uses should ultimately work together to achieve a “pleasant and economically feasible whole” but that these uses should be physically separated. It recommended Euclidean zoning, with areas set aside for multifamily, townhouse and single-family housing along with isolated commercial and industrial zones, saying: [C]ommercial and industrial zones should exclude residences both because good residential neighborhoods cannot be maintained in such areas, and because business and industry can function more effectively where space allotted them is uninterrupted by housing. In addition to a rigid separation of uses, the plan insisted on the desirability of barriers, buffers and transitions between land uses to achieve harmony and compatibility: [L]ong established commercial centers expand into nearby residential neighborhoods, causing more transitional problems. The end result is a disease known as urban blight. This disease is contagious and is almost sure to spread where preventative measures are not taken. While the polycentric urbanism embodied by the 1964 plan’s corridor cities concept was fundamentally sound, its approach to the separation of uses and emphasis on transitions and buffers was not entirely successful in producing pleasant and economically vibrant commercial districts, and its other shortcomings have become increasingly obvious, namely: • The separate-and-buffer approach failed to anticipate – much less meet – the demand for housing in mixed-use centers of activity.
  • When Andy Stack Moved to Columbia, Md., in 1977, The

    When Andy Stack Moved to Columbia, Md., in 1977, The

    hen Andy Stack moved to Columbia, Md., in 1977, the planned community was a decade old and tens of thousands of residents strong. He thought it was a great place to live and work. Shops and walking Wtrails were nearby, new schools were popping up, and there was racial and economic diversity. It was convenient to Baltimore, Md., and Washington, D.C., and there was green space everywhere. Flash forward to the present as Columbia cel- ebrates its 50th birthday this year. The population now exceeds 100,000. Construction is under way on Downtown Columbia, a mixed-use development that eventually could encompass 5,500 residential units, 1 million square feet of retail space, 5 million square feet of offices, 640 hotel rooms, and a confer- ence center. BY STEVE BATES PRINCIPAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY ROBERT MERHAUT GoodAS 18 x COMMON GROUND JANUARY FEBRUARY 2017 Gold©2017 Community Associations Insitute Columbia, Md., was developed 50 years ago to be a new town that would represent the best of America. That ideal still holds true for one of the country’s first master-planned common- interest communities—even as it continues to grow. JANUARY FEBRUARY 2017 COMMON GROUND x 19 ©2017 Community Associations Insitute Stack isn’t alone in thinking that Columbia has accomplished something. In 2016, Money magazine ranked it as the best small U.S. city to live. “Columbia, Md., turns 50 next year, and it’s never looked better,” says the article. What makes Columbia special? In part, it’s the open space that was set aside during Columbia’s planning in the 1960s—a whopping 3,600 acres of it.
  • Lindbergh Center Station: a Commuter Commission Landpro 2009

    Lindbergh Center Station: a Commuter Commission Landpro 2009

    LINDBERGH CENTER Page 1 of 4 STATION Station Area Profile Transit Oriented Development Land Use Within 1/2 Mile STATION LOCATION 2424 Piedmont Road, NE Atlanta, GA 30324 Sources: MARTA GIS Analysis 2012 & Atlanta Regional Lindbergh Center Station: A Commuter Commission LandPro 2009. Town Center Station Residential Demographics 1/2 Mile The MARTA Transit Oriented Development Guidelines Population 7,640 classify Lindbergh Center station as a “Commuter Town Median Age 30.7 Center”. The “Guidelines” present a typology of stations Households 2,436 ranging from Urban Core stations, like Peachtree Center Avg. Household Size 3.14 STATION ESSENTIALS Station in downtown Atlanta, to Collector stations - i.e., end of the line auto commuter oriented stations such as Median Household Income $69,721 Daily Entries: 8,981 Indian Creek or North Springs. This classification system Per Capita Income $28,567 reflects both a station’s location and its primary func- Parking Capacity: 2,519 tion. Business Demographics 1 Mile Parking Businesses 1,135 The “Guidelines” talk about Commuter Town Center Utilization: 69% Employees 12,137 stations as having two functions – as “collector” stations %White Collar 67.8 Station Type: At-Grade serving a park-and ride function for those travelling else- %Blue Collar 10.5 Commuter where via the train, and as “town centers” serving as Station Typology Town Center %Unemployed 10.0 nodes of dense active mixed-use development, either Source: Site To Do Business on-line, 2011 Land Area +/- 47 acres historic or newly planned. The Guidelines go on to de- MARTA Research & Analysis 2010 scribe the challenge of planning a Town Center station which requires striking a balance between those two in Atlanta, of a successful, planned, trans- SPENDING POTENTIAL INDEX functions “… Lindbergh City Center has, over the dec- it oriented development.
  • NETWORK and PLACE Phil Erickson, Community Design + Architecture Marcy Mcinelly, SERA

    NETWORK and PLACE Phil Erickson, Community Design + Architecture Marcy Mcinelly, SERA

    Creating & Supporting a New Urbanist Urban Form NETWORK AND PLACE Phil Erickson, Community Design + Architecture Marcy McInelly, SERA CNU Transportation Summit | Charlotte, NC | November 6-8, 2008 Steps Towards Implementing Sustainable Transportation Network • Definition of Network • Guidance for Specific & Place Elements Design Issues • Method of Integrative • Implementation Design Strategy CNU Transportation Summit | Charlotte, NC | November 6-8, 2008 Defining the Terms of Discussion • “Network” – Full multi-modal transportation infrastructure of urban environments • “Place” – Full spectrum of land use and form that make up urban environments CNU Transportation Summit | Charlotte, NC | November 6-8, 2008 Conventional Practice • Simplifies Network and Place – Regional Transportation Plans • Simplify land use • Do not look at full network – General or Community Plans • Rarely can influence all the transportation variables – Corridor Plans • Focus only on a portion of network – Transit Plans • Land use typically secondary CNU Transportation Summit | Charlotte, NC | November 6-8, 2008 Scale of the Discussion • CNU Charter – The block, the street, and the building – The neighborhood, the district, and the corridor – The region: metropolis, city, and town – Beyond the region (inter-regional): the state, the nation, and the planet? CNU Transportation Summit | Charlotte, NC | November 6-8, 2008 Link and Place • Transportation Function and Land Use Conditions have equal footing in the design of streets • Stephen Marshall et. al. CNU Transportation
  • PC-20-018 Complete Communities: Housing Solutions and Mobility

    PC-20-018 Complete Communities: Housing Solutions and Mobility

    The City of San Diego Staff Report DATE ISSUED: April 30, 2020 REPORT NO. PC-20-018 TO: Planning Commission FROM: Planning Department SUBJECT: Complete Communities: Housing Solutions and Mobility Choices Initiative Primary Julia Chase Phone: (858) 495-4764 Contact: Secondary Leslie Keaveney Phone: (619) 446-5370 Contact: Council District(s): Citywide OVERVIEW: This action requests a recommendation to approve the Planning Department’s Complete Communities: Housing Solutions and Mobility Choices initiative. The Complete Communities: Mobility Choices and Housing Solutions initiative proposes amendments to the San Diego Municipal Code (SDMC) to provide incentives to increase housing production and expand the mobility network around transit hubs and existing development. The initiative removes regulatory barriers to housing at all income levels, especially low, very low, and moderate-income households, while investing in neighborhood and mobility amenities, such as recreational opportunities, street trees, linear parks, bicycle facilities, urban plazas, and promenades. These types of investments increase the quality of neighborhoods where new housing is proposed by creating more walkable, bikeable, and enjoyable spaces, which in turn helps the City meet its Climate Action Plan goals. Prioritizing these investments in areas where the investments are needed most are central to the intent behind the Complete Communities initiative. Complete Communities delivers on the City’s vision of creating equitable, healthy, and sustainable neighborhoods that are diverse, walkable, connected, safe, and inclusive. Complete Communities: Housing Solutions and Mobility Choices creates incentives to build homes near transit, provide more mobility alternatives, and enhance quality of life for all residents, regardless of their background and identity. Through thoughtful and inclusive planning, the initiatives set the City on a path to create a healthy environment and thriving communities.
  • Columbia Archives Ephemera-Memorabilia-Artifacts Collection

    Columbia Archives Ephemera-Memorabilia-Artifacts Collection

    Columbia Archives Ephemera-Memorabilia-Artifacts Collection James W. Rouse's "Photo James W. Rouse's Fishing James W. Rouse's Ice Skates, Shoot" Eyeglasses, n.d. Pole, n.d. n.d. Desk Pen Set Presented to Shovel for Cherry Hill Mall Shovel for The Rouse James W. Rouse from the Expansion Ground Breaking, Company Headquarters Young Columbians, 1975 1976 Ground Breaking, 1972 Whistle Nancy Allison Used Cross Keys Inn Ashtray, n.d. Waterside Restaurant to Summon James W. Rouse Ashtray, n.d. to Meetings, n.d. Columbia Bank and Trust People Tree Ashtray, 1968 Clyde's Restaurant Ashtray, Company Ashtray, 1968 n.d. Columbia All Star Swim Head Ski and Sportswear Columbia Volksmarch Club Meet Badge, n.d. Company Badge, n.d. Badge for Columbia's 20th Birthday, 1987 Columbia Volksmarch Club Town Center 25th Columbia Bank and Trust Badge, 1986 Anniversary Products, 1999 Company Moneybag, n.d. The Mall in Columbia 40th Produce Galore Bag for Kings Contrivance Village Anniversary Shopping Bag, Coffee Beans, 2008 Center Shopping Bag, n.d. 2011 Wilde Lake Village Green Columbia Aquatics Owen Brown Interfaith Holiday Shopping Bag, n.d. Association Swim Bag, n.d. Center Token Noting Surplus Budget, ca. 1984 Hickory Ridge Village Columbia 20th Birthday Rotary Club of Columbia Center Ball, n.d. Balloon, 1987 Town Center Banner, n.d. Rotary Club of Columbia Sewell's Orchards Fruit Sewell's Orchards Fruit Banner, n.d. Basket, n.d. Basket, n.d. www.ColumbiaArchives.org Page 1 Columbia Archives Ephemera-Memorabilia-Artifacts Collection "Columbia: The Next Columbia Voyage Wine Columbia 20th Birthday America Game", 1982 Bottle, 1992 Chateau Columbia Wine Bottle, 1986 Columbia 20th Birthday Santa Remembers Me ™ Merriweather Park at Champagne Bottle, 1987 Bracelet from the Mall Symphony Woods Bracelet, in Columbia, 2007 2015 Anne Dodd for Howard Columbia Gardeners Bumper Columbia Business Card County School Board Sticker, 1974 Case, n.d.
  • Repurposing the Green Belt in the 2St Century

    Repurposing the Green Belt in the 2St Century

    Repurposing the Green Belt in the 21st Century Repurposing the Green Belt in the 21st Century Peter Bishop Alona Martinez Perez Rob Roggema Lesley Williams First published in 2020 by UCL Press University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT Available to download free: www.uclpress.co.uk Text © Authors, 2020 Images © Authors and copyright holders named in captions, 2020 The authors have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the authors of this work. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from The British Library. This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Non-derivative 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This licence allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and non-commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated. Attribution should include the following information: Bishop, P., Martinez Perez, A., Roggema, R. and Williams, L. 2020. Repurposing the Green Belt in the 21st Century. London: UCL Press. https://doi. org/10.14324/111.9781787358843 Further details about Creative Commons licences are available at http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/ Any third-party material in this book is published under the book’s Creative Commons licence unless indicated otherwise in the credit line to the material. If you would like to reuse any third-party material not covered by the book’s Creative Commons licence, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. ISBN: 978-1-78735-886-7 (Hbk) ISBN: 978-1-78735-885-0 (Pbk) ISBN: 978-1-78735-884-3 (PDF) ISBN: 978-1-78735-887-4 (epub) ISBN: 978-1-78735-888-1 (mobi) DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.9781787358843 There is perhaps no need of the poor of London which more prominently forces itself on the notice of anyone working among them than that of space.
  • 25 Great Ideas of New Urbanism

    25 Great Ideas of New Urbanism

    25 Great Ideas of New Urbanism 1 Cover photo: Lancaster Boulevard in Lancaster, California. Source: City of Lancaster. Photo by Tamara Leigh Photography. Street design by Moule & Polyzoides. 25 GREAT IDEAS OF NEW URBANISM Author: Robert Steuteville, CNU Senior Dyer, Victor Dover, Hank Dittmar, Brian Communications Advisor and Public Square Falk, Tom Low, Paul Crabtree, Dan Burden, editor Wesley Marshall, Dhiru Thadani, Howard Blackson, Elizabeth Moule, Emily Talen, CNU staff contributors: Benjamin Crowther, Andres Duany, Sandy Sorlien, Norman Program Fellow; Mallory Baches, Program Garrick, Marcy McInelly, Shelley Poticha, Coordinator; Moira Albanese, Program Christopher Coes, Jennifer Hurley, Bill Assistant; Luke Miller, Project Assistant; Lisa Lennertz, Susan Henderson, David Dixon, Schamess, Communications Manager Doug Farr, Jessica Millman, Daniel Solomon, Murphy Antoine, Peter Park, Patrick Kennedy The 25 great idea interviews were published as articles on Public Square: A CNU The Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU) Journal, and edited for this book. See www. helps create vibrant and walkable cities, towns, cnu.org/publicsquare/category/great-ideas and neighborhoods where people have diverse choices for how they live, work, shop, and get Interviewees: Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, Jeff around. People want to live in well-designed Speck, Dan Parolek, Karen Parolek, Paddy places that are unique and authentic. CNU’s Steinschneider, Donald Shoup, Jeffrey Tumlin, mission is to help build those places. John Anderson, Eric Kronberg, Marianne Cusato, Bruce Tolar, Charles Marohn, Joe Public Square: A CNU Journal is a Minicozzi, Mike Lydon, Tony Garcia, Seth publication dedicated to illuminating and Harry, Robert Gibbs, Ellen Dunham-Jones, cultivating best practices in urbanism in the Galina Tachieva, Stefanos Polyzoides, John US and beyond.
  • From: Joan Driessen

    From: Joan Driessen

    From: Mavis Ellis To: Trudy M. Grantham Subject: Fwd: [External] Boundary Adjustments and Housing Affordability Date: Wednesday, August 7, 2019 8:06:58 AM Attachments: image001.png ATT00001.htm HAC Martirano Ltr 8-6-19.docx ATT00002.htm HAC Purpose-Members-3.docx ATT00003.htm Could I get copies of these as well? Thanks Mavis Sent from my iPad Begin forwarded message: From: Joan Driessen <[email protected]> Date: August 6, 2019 at 10:36:06 AM EDT To: Michael Martirano <[email protected]> Cc: Mavis Ellis <[email protected]>, Kirsten Coombs <[email protected]>, Vicky Cutroneo <[email protected]>, Christina Delmont-Small <[email protected]>, Jennifer Mallo <[email protected]>, Sabina Taj <[email protected]>, Chao Wu <[email protected]>, Student Board Member <[email protected]> Subject: [External] Boundary Adjustments and Housing Affordability Dr. Martirano, Attached is a letter from the Howard County Housing Affordability Coalition (HAC) regarding HCPSS Boundary Adjustments and Housing Affordability. Also attached is a one-page overview of the HAC, The Association of Community Services helps facilitate the Coalition's work. Responses to the attached Coalition letter should be directed to Jackie Eng, Coalition Coordinator, [email protected]; . Thank you, Best, Joan Joan Driessen Executive Director Association of Community Services of Howard County 9770 Patuxent Woods Drive, Suite 301 Columbia, MD 21046 410-715-9545 Direct: www.acshoco.org File: HAC Martirano Ltr 8-6-19.docx Howard County Housing Affordability Coalition August 6, 2019 Dr. Michael J. Martirano, Superintendent Howard County Public School System 10910 Clarksville Pike Ellicott City, Maryland 21042 Re: School Boundary Adjustments and Housing Affordability Dear Dr.
  • Healthy Communities Practice Guide

    Healthy Communities Practice Guide

    CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PLANNERS Healthy Communities Practice Guide This project has been made possible through financial and in-kind contributions from Health Canada, through the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer’s CLASP initiative, as well as the Heart and Stroke Foundation and the Canadian Institute of Planners. The views expressed in this guide represent the views of the Canadian Institute of Planners and do not necessarily represent the views of the project funder. AUTHORS PROJECT FUNDERS CLASP COALITIONS LINKING ACTION & SCIENCE FOR PREVENTION An iniave of: HEALTHY COMMUNITIES PRACTICE GUIDE / II Table of Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................1 2. Framework ........................................................................................................4 3. Collaboration in Practice ..................................................................................10 4. Innovations in Land Use Planning and Design ....................................................14 4.1. Creating Visions, Setting Goals, and Making Plans ..........................................................14 4.1.1. Engagement, Participation and Communication .............................................................. 15 4.1.2. Community Plans ........................................................................................................... 18 4.1.3. Functional Plans: Active Transportation, Open Space, Food Systems .............................. 23 4.2.
  • New Towns and Garden Cities Lessons for Tomorrow

    New Towns and Garden Cities Lessons for Tomorrow

    new towns and garden cities lessons for tomorrow Stage 2: Lessons for Delivering a New Generation of Garden Cities creating garden cities and suburbs today New Towns and Garden Cities – Lessons for Tomorrow. Stage 2: Lessons for Delivering a New Generation of Garden Cities Published by the Town and Country Planning Association © TCPA. Published September 2015 Town and Country Planning Association 17 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AS t: +44 (0)20 7930 8903 www.tcpa.org.uk Printed with vegetable-based inks on chlorine-free paper from sustainably managed sources by RAP Spiderweb Ltd, Oldham Supported by The Lady Margaret Patterson Osborn Trust Acknowledgements The TCPA is grateful for the generous support of David Lock Associates, the Lady Margaret Patterson Osborn Trust and the Planning Exchange Foundation. This publication has benefited from valuable contributions made by members of the project Steering Group who gave their time and shared their practical experience and feedback: Jenny Barker (Team Leader, Cherwell District Council – Eco Bicester), Petra Biberbach (Chief Executive, Planning Aid For Scotland), Tony Burton OBE (Director of Idox Information Service and Managing Editor of Scottish Planning and Environmental Law journal, and a Trustee of the Planning Exchange Foundation), Deborah Garvie (Senior Policy Officer, Shelter), Nigel Ingram (Director, Aurora Estates Ltd), David Lock CBE (Strategic Planning Advisor, David Lock Associates and TCPA Vice-President), and Craig McLaren (Director of Royal Town Planning Institute Scotland and Ireland). The TCPA is grateful to all those who attended the case study roundtables and responded to the online survey, and to Armagh City, Banbridge & Craigavon Borough Council, Warrington Borough Council, North Lanarkshire Council, Torfaen County Borough Council, and Milton Keynes Council for hosting visits undertaken as part of the project.