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Rundbrief 57 Vereinigung Schweiz-Zimbabwe Swiss-Zimbabwean Friendship Association Rundbrief / Newsletter Nr. 57, Mai 2011 Editorial Zur Erinnerung Im letzten Editorial im November-Rundbrief schrieb ich, dass die Bevölkerung aufatme, weil die Gewalt weg sei - Jahresversammlung 2011: ein erfreuliches Resultat der gemeinsamen Regierung von Samstag, 25. Juni, in Luzern (s. Einladung) Zanu-PF und MDC. Die relativ friedliche Phase dauerte lei- der nicht lange und heute ist die Gewalt wieder zurück. Friedliche Demonstranten werden von der Polizei ausei- Der Diskussionsprozess zur Erarbeitung einer neuen Ver- nandergetrieben; Leute werden verhaftet und im Gefäng- fassung, auf den die Bevölkerung so grosse Hoffnungen nis gefoltert; Versammlungen werden von der Polizei ge- setzte, ist nie richtig in Gang gekommen und von Zanu- stört und die TeilnehmerInnen verhaftet. PF sogar aktiv behindert worden. Viele Organisationen der Zivilgesellschaft verlangen nun die Aufnahme dieses Nach zwei Jahren gemeinsamer Regierung ist die Ernüch- Prozesses. Und für alle ist klar, dass Wahlen erst nach terung gross. MDC-Führer und Premierminister Morgan Abschluss der Verfassungsreform durchgeführt werden Tsvangirai sagte in einer Rede am 15. Februar, dass kein dürfen, auch wenn Mugabe auf die rasche Durchfüh- einziger der 23 Punkte der gemeinsamen Regierungser- rung von Wahlen drängt. Dieser Ansicht ist auch Südaf- klärung bis jetzt umgesetzt wurde. Trotzdem sieht er rikas Präsident Jacob Zuma, von der SADC eingesetzter auch positive Seiten der gemeinsamen Regierung. Diese Vermittler zwischen MDC und Zanu-PF. Viele hoffen, habe Stabilität gebracht, die Wirtschaft sei angekurbelt dass SADC und Zuma einen Weg aus der verfahrenen Si- worden, Schulen, Spitäler und Verwaltung hätten die Ar- tuation finden. beit wieder aufgenommen und in die Infrastruktur sei wieder investiert worden. Ein grosses Problem ist nach Vor allem auch kirchliche Kreise drängen darauf, dass Tsvangirai aber nach wie vor die Haltung von Armee, Poli- trotz aller Schwierigkeiten die gemeinsame Regierung zei und Geheimdiensten, die sich immer klar für Mugabe weiter geführt wird und dass alles daran gesetzt werden und die Zanu-PF ausgesprochen haben und MDC jede müsse, die 23 Punkte der Regierungserklärung umzuset- Anerkennung und Respekt verweigern, sowie die vom zen Sonst drohe wieder Gewalt und Chaos oder ein Mili- Staat kontrollierten Medien, die ebenfalls nur für Mugabe tärputsch. Andere Kreise sind der Ansicht, dass schon arbeiten. Und heute gibt es eine zunehmende Polarisie- heute Militär, Geheimdienste und Polizei die wirkliche rung zwischen den Parteien in Regierung und Verwal- Macht im Land ausüben. Und Mugabe von ihnen nur tung, die alles lahm legt. noch zur Beruhigung des Volkes vorgeschoben werde. Zimbabwe ist reich an Diamanten, Gold und Platin. Inhalt MDC-Finanzminister Biti versucht, zu verhindern, dass Editorial 1 der ganze Erlös in die privaten Taschen von Ministern Plünderung der Ressourcen von Harare usw. 2 und Militärs fliesst, indem der Geldfluss nach dem Ver- Dafür haben wir unsere Jugend nicht hergegeben 4 kauf transparent gemacht werden soll. Eine bestechend SADC inspires hope - ZW on brink of calamity 6 einfache Lösung, die eigentlich schnell umgesetzt wer- Mugabe behind army action 8 den könnte. ZW children: lost generation or future leaders? 9 Grosse Unruhe in die Wirtschaft bringt die Weisung von Women: facts and general information 10 Mugabe, bis im September die Aktienmehrheit aller Un- Who is accountable? 10 ternehmen auf ZimbabwerInnen zu übertragen. Alle fra- SADC ZW summit dead in the water 11 gen sich, wer diese Transaktionen bezahlen kann – es ist Wirtschaft: Platinum: new investors; diamond ja gar kein Geld vorhanden. Mugabe will dies durch output up at Rio; Shabani and Mashaba mines; Übertragung von Rechten an Minen abgelten. gold giant; miners appeal to Parliament 11 Beziehungen mit China: Chinese trade facility; In diesem Rundbrief bringen wir unter anderem neben China drives tobacco recovery; China–Zim ties 13 den Berichten über das Leben, über die Wirtschaft und Kirche: Hirtenbrief der katholischen Bischofskon- über die Zivilgesellschaft auch einen eindrücklichen Be- ferenz; Ready to Lead? - Battle for the future of Zim 15 richt über die Plünderung der Ressourcen von Harare Woza: on new constitution; march for love und anderen Städten und über das neu erwachte Enga- in Byo; statement on constitutional reform 18 gement der Kirchen gegen Gewalt und für die Einhal- Gewerkschaften: stop political violence 20 tung der Menschenrechte. Jahresbeitrag, Impressum, Unsere Quellen 20 Gertrud Baud, Mitglied des Vorstandes 1 Die Plünderung der Ressourcen von Harare und anderen Städten In einer noch nie dagewesenen Orgie von Selbstbereiche- erhält Augur zudem 733.9 Hektaren Industrieland in der rung plünderten im Verlauf des vergangenen Jahrzehnts Nähe von Harare zum Preis von 52.3 Millionen Dollar, ob- korrupte Stadträte, Kommissäre und Politiker in Zimbab- wohl unabhängige Schätzungen dem Land einen realen wes Hauptstadt Harare und anderen Städten hunderte Wert von 76 Millionen Dollar zumessen. Der Differenzbe- von Millionen Dollar öffentlicher Mittel, Land und andere trag soll bar ausbezahlt werden. Gemäss Vereinbarung Vermögenswerte, während gleichzeitig der öffentliche sollte Augur im Weiteren die gesamte für den Bau der Dienst in den verschiedenen Gemeinwesen zusammen- Autobahn benötigte Maschinenausrüstung der Stadt Ha- brach. rare übereignen. Entgegen den vertraglichen Bestimmun- gen hat Augur indessen selber keinerlei Maschinen zur Umfassende Nachforschungen und Untersuchungen Verfügung gestellt, sondern die südafrikanische Power durch ZimOnline, einschliesslich des Studiums von Rats- Construction als Unterakkordantin eingesetzt. protokollen und Prüfungsberichten lassen erkennen, dass nur schon Harare mit zwielichtigen Immobiliengeschäften Verwaltung und Korruption und Verträgen um mehr als 100 Millionen Dollar betro- Die Spur korrupten Handelns in Harares Stadtregierung gen worden sein könnte. Die Geschäfte wurden durch lässt sich zurückverfolgen bis zur Amtszeit des verstorbe- Kommissionen abgewickelt, welche der in der Zentralre- nen ersten Bürgermeisters Solomon Tawengwa. Wegen gierung für das „Local Government“ zuständige Minister, Bestechung und Betrug im Zusammenhang mit dem Bau Ignatius Chombo, ein früherer Universitätsdozent, illegal einer Fussgängerbrücke und eines Bus Bahnhofs im Ma- eingesetzt hatte. Seit seinem Eintritt in die Regierung hat chipisa Einkaufszentrum im armen Vorort Highfield sollte sich Chombos Vermögen vervielfacht. Das eindrucksvolle dieser im März 1999 entlassen werden. An seine Stelle Portfolio an Liegenschaften in den städtischen Agglome- setzte Chombo, in seiner Eigenschaft als amtsältester Mi- rationen Zimbabwes, das er sich in dieser Zeit angeeignet nister for Local Government, eine Kommission unter der hat, wirft viele Fragen zur Herkunft dieses Reichtums auf. Leitung von Elijah Chanakira. Nach Aussagen von Bewoh- Eine von Harares Stadtregierung eingesetzte Untersu- nern und kritischen Beobachtern war dies der Beginn von chungskommission ist diesen Fragen nachgegangen. Sie Korruption und Veruntreuung öffentlicher Ressourcen bestätigte die schlimmsten Befürchtungen der Bewohner, und Vermögenswerten im grossen Stil. So ist die Chanaki- nämlich, dass einflussreiche Politiker um Präsident Robert ra Kommission unter anderem verantwortlich für Schul- Mugabes ZANU PF Partei mit ausgesuchten Wohn- und den von 8 Millionen Dollar in heutiger Währung sowie für Industrie Standorten bedacht wurden, für welche sie we- die Einstellung von 600 ZANU-PF Anhängern für 600 gar nig oder gar nichts bezahlten. nicht existierende Arbeitsstellen. In einem exemplarischen Fall hat Phillip Chiyangwa, ein Aufgrund erfundener Anschuldigungen veranlasste Geschäftsmann und Mugabe Verwandter, der sich brüs- Chombo im Jahre 2003 die Entlassung von MDC Bürger- tet, mehr als einen Drittel Harares zu besitzen, 2008 mit meister Elias Mudzuri. Tatsache ist hingegen, dass Mud- der Stadt einen Landabtausch vorgenommen. Er tauschte zuri entlassen wurde, weil er einen Vertrag aufhob, mit seine sumpfigen 17 Hektaren Land in der Nähe von Chi- welchem die Chanakira Kommission den Harare Ge- tungwiza gegen ein Grundstück der Stadt im feudalen schäftsmann und ZANU-PF Mitglied Macdonald Chapfika Vorort Gun Hill. Doch anstelle der vereinbarten 10 Hekta- ermächtigte, aus Zambia Chemikalien zur Wasseraufbe- ren in Gun Hill erhielt Chiyangwa auf betrügerische Weise reitung zu importieren, obwohl die Chemikalien hätten 17 Hektaren. Der Stadt Harare entstand dadurch ein lokal beschafft werden können. Mudzuri wurde anfäng- Schaden von 525.000 Dollars. Bestrebungen der vom lich durch seinen Stellvertreter Sekesai Makwavarara er- Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) geführten setzt, der später zur ZANU-PF überlief und alsdann mit Stadtregierung, den betrügerischen Geschäftsmann fest- dem Vorsitz einer anderen Kommission betraut wurde. zunehmen, blieben ohne Erfolg. Stattdessen verhaftete Diese Kommission vergab Wohnbau Parzellen an höhere die Polizei den Bürgermeister Muchadeyi Masunda und Regierungsbeamte und ZANU-PF Mitglieder, oft zu redu- die Stadträte, welche die Untersuchung durchgeführt hat- zierten Preisen, obschon die Empfänger nicht auf den ten, und klagten sie krimineller Verleumdung an. Wartelisten der städtischen Wohnbaubehörde standen. Harare hat mehr als eine Million Wohnungsanwärter. Doch das umstrittenste Geschäft, mit dem das Rathaus bisher konfrontiert worden
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