Doubtful Characters”: Alphabet Books and Battles Over Literacy in Nineteenth-Century British Print Culture
“Doubtful Characters”: Alphabet Books and Battles over Literacy in Nineteenth-Century British Print Culture by A. Robin Hoffman B. A. in English, University of Richmond, 2003 M. A. in English, University of Connecticut, 2005 M. A. in History of Art, University College London, 2007 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2012 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences This dissertation was presented by A. Robin Hoffman It was defended on May 17, 2012 and approved by Stephen Carr, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of English Troy Boone, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of English Ronald Zboray, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Communications Mary Saracino Zboray, M.A., Lecturer, Department of Communications Dissertation Advisor: Marah J. Gubar, Ph.D., Associate Professor of English ii Copyright © by Amy Robin Hoffman 2012 iii “Doubtful Characters”: Alphabet Books and Battles over Literacy in Nineteenth-Century British Print Culture A. Robin Hoffman, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2012 More than mere tools for reading instruction, alphabet books offered nineteenth-century writers and illustrators a site for contesting dominant versions of literacy. They could address broad audiences in a genre that was uniquely suited to registering shifts in the social and material conditions of publishing, literacy, and education. This historical study recovers these efforts and traces the genre’s co-evolution with Victorian ideas about literacy. It exploits an overlooked material archive in order to refocus attention from the history of rising literacy rates, toward concurrent debates over how visual and oral culture should complement printed text within domestic education and formal schooling.
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