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3 Contribution of the Red Risk Sites to European Site Designations Habitats Regulations Assessment for the Isle of Wight Highways PFI: Appropriate Assessment January 2013 UE-0100 IoW PFI HRA AA Vinci_7_20130114JCnp 3 Contribution of the Red Risk Sites to European Site Designations 3.1 Solent and Southampton Water SPA/Ramsar Site 3.1.1 The red risk sites at Duver Road, St Helen’s, and Bouldnor Road, Yarmouth, are close to the Solent and Southampton Water SPA/Ramsar as illustrated in Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2. Figure 3.1: Duver Road red risk site in relation to environmental designations 3.1.2 Migrant waders and wildfowl that contribute to the qualifying criteria of the SPA and Ramsar site are counted within Bembridge Harbour and Brading Marshes, and the Western Yar as part of the Wetland Bird Survey (WeBS) core counts (Figure 3.3). The WeBS core counts scheme is the principal scheme of the Wetland Bird Survey. Coordinated monthly counts are made annually at around 2,000 wetland sites in Britain. Results from the Isle of Wight WeBS core counts are published annually in the Isle of Wight Bird Report (a joint publication of the Isle of Wight Ornithological Group and the Isle of Wight Natural History and Archaeological Society). Data from 2010 Bird Report is used to characterise the use of both Bembridge Harbour and the Western Yar Estuary by passage and wintering migrant waterfowl. 15 Habitats Regulations Assessment for the Isle of Wight Highways PFI: Appropriate Assessment January 2013 UE-0100 IoW PFI HRA AA Vinci_7_20130114JCnp Figure 3.2: Bouldnor Road red risk site in relation to environmental designations Figure 3.3: WeBS core count areas at Bembridge Harbour and Brading Marshes, and Western Yar 16 Habitats Regulations Assessment for the Isle of Wight Highways PFI: Appropriate Assessment January 2013 UE-0100 IoW PFI HRA AA Vinci_7_20130114JCnp Duver Road, St Helens 3.1.3 The Duver Road site is immediately adjacent to the Brading Marshes to St Helen’s Ledges SSSI and approximately 125m from the SPA/Ramsar boundary. The SPA/Ramsar in this location is fed by a small freshwater stream arising as a series of springs to the north of Duver Road. As the stream flows into Bembridge Harbour it passes areas of upper saltmarsh and intertidal mudflat. The mudflats in this part of the Harbour were once bounded by a sea wall to impound sea water to power a tide mill. The sea wall has long been breached but is remains as a series of concrete and masonry blocks set within the intertidal mud flats and tidal creeks. This combination of estuary habitats contributes to the Solent and Southampton Water Ramsar site qualification criterion 1. 3.1.4 Data from the 2010 WeBS core counts is presented to characterise use of the area by wintering and passage migrant waterfowl (Appendix II). This is sorted to identify the most abundant species and those species that occur within the SPA in internationally important numbers and meet the SPA selection criteria of article 4.2 of the Birds Directive. They include; Eurasian teal, dark-bellied Brent goose, black tailed godwit and ringed plover. 3.1.5 Data for this selected group of wildfowl and waders (waterfowl) is illustrated in Figure 3.4, and reproduced in Table 3.1. 1000 900 Northern Lapwing Eurasian Wigeon 800 Eurasian Teal 700 Mallard Eurasian Coot 600 Dark-bellied Brent Goose Common Snipe 500 Tufted Duck Great Cormorant 400 Common Redshank Numberofbirds 300 Common Moorhen Mute Swan 200 Little Grebe Eurasian Curlew 100 Common Shelduck Black-Tailed Godwit 0 Northern Shoveler Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Month Figure 3.4: Changing populations of most numerous wildfowl and waders in Bembridge Harbour and Brading Marshes through the year (2009/10) 17 Habitats Regulations Assessment for the Isle of Wight Highways PFI: Appropriate Assessment January 2013 UE-0100 IoW PFI HRA AA Vinci_7_20130114JCnp Table 3.1: Most abundant waterfowl within the Bembridge Harbour and Brading Marshes WeBS Core Counts 2010. Highlighted species occur in internationally important numbers within the SPA Species Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Northern 16 0 59 105 134 98 876 850 56 11 23 26 Lapwing Eurasian 0 0 34 42 275 245 680 300 20 12 0 0 Wigeon Eurasian Teal 8 68 91 130 136 250 196 363 255 27 2 10 Mallard 79 57 124 110 135 124 116 123 70 38 137 74 Eurasian 66 24 95 74 42 46 52 114 117 26 38 109 Coot Dark-bellied 0 0 0 0 123 10 51 84 66 0 0 0 Brent Goose Common 0 1 18 40 27 96 16 10 5 6 0 0 Snipe Tufted Duck 19 15 11 5 2 12 26 2 32 28 30 33 Great 11 12 24 33 26 14 6 19 9 8 16 5 Cormorant Common 0 1 31 37 15 53 29 13 1S 4 1 0 Redshank Common 18 19 17 26 8 3 2 11 9 7 22 11 Moorhen Mute Swan 16 7 5 10 0 7 12 9 24 18 28 14 Little Grebe 12 10 23 25 7 22 7 15 13 4 0 12 Eurasian 0 1 8 22 13 32 28 21 19 0 0 1 Curlew Common 1 0 0 0 2 17 16 5 20 18 12 19 Shelduck Black-Tailed 0 20 14 13 11 14 19 2 12 5 0 0 Godwit Northern 1 0 15 0 1 16 15 22 22 9 3 2 Shoveler Ringed 0 0 0 20 22 23 10 0 10 0 0 0 Plover 18 Habitats Regulations Assessment for the Isle of Wight Highways PFI: Appropriate Assessment January 2013 UE-0100 IoW PFI HRA AA Vinci_7_20130114JCnp 3.1.6 The most abundant waterfowl present within the WeBS core counts comprise a mix of species associated with the fresh and brackish water wetlands as well as those more commonly associated with coastal habitats. Species more commonly associated with the freshwater habitats of Brading Marshes include coot, mallard, tufted duck, shoveler and moorhen. 3.1.7 A group of species occurs that may utilise both the fresh and brackish wetlands of the Marshes as well as the intertidal habitats of Bembridge Harbour. Species in this group include redshank, black tailed godwit, curlew, teal, wigeon, shelduck, dark bellied Brent goose and mute swans. The few ringed plover recorded are most likely to be associated with the intertidal mixed sediment shores at the entrance of Bembridge Harbour and are unlikely to use the Marshes. 3.1.8 At high tide many of the waders feeding on the intertidal mud and mixed sediment flats of Bembridge Harbour are concentrated on high water roost sites. This includes the relicts of the old sea wall and fringing saltmarshes around the old mill pond where appreciable numbers of birds can be concentrated. 3.1.9 Figure 3.4 and Figure 3.5 illustrate the changing pattern of waterfowl use of the area through the year. Peak numbers of birds are present in January and February with significant numbers extending from October through to March when at least 725 waterfowl are present in each month. Most numerous species are lapwing, teal, wigeon, mallard and coot. Lapwing, teal and wigeon numbers all build during the autumn to peak in January and February as they arrive from breeding grounds in northern Europe and Siberia. Mallard and coot are both resident breeding birds with their population being bolstered by migrant birds in winter. 2500 2000 1500 Western Yar 1000 Brading Marsh & Bembridge Harbour 500 TotalNumberofWildfowl Waders& 0 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Month Figure 3.5: Total numbers of wildfowl and waders present on the Western Yar and Brading Marsh & Bembridge Harbour through 2009/10 19 Habitats Regulations Assessment for the Isle of Wight Highways PFI: Appropriate Assessment January 2013 UE-0100 IoW PFI HRA AA Vinci_7_20130114JCnp Bouldnor Road, Yarmouth 3.1.10 Bouldnor Road in Yarmouth runs along the crest of a narrow isthmus of land separating the Solent Maritime SAC to the north from the Solent and Southampton Water SPA and Ramsar site to the south. The screening exercise found no likely significant effect of the proposed road scheme on the SAC but concluded that there were likely significant effects on the SPA and Ramsar site. 3.1.11 The SPA/Ramsar in this location extends to the south of the road, forming an area of coastal grazing marsh in the flood plain of the Thorley Brook. This discharges in the Yar estuary at its western end through a tide flap. The embankment of the old Newport to Yarmouth railway runs along the length of the Thorley Brook flood plain from east to west. The area of grazing marsh between the old railway and the A3054 Bouldnor Road is known as Rofford Marsh. This is owned by a consortium of local residents and managed as a nature reserve. 3.1.12 In winter, Rofford Marsh regularly floods as high tides prevent discharge of water from the Thorley Brook that backs up along the network and ditches and drains that cross this area of grazing marsh. Seepage and percolation of saline water into these water courses creates some well-developed transitions from brackish and saline to freshwater wetlands which in turn support a number of uncommon and nationally scarce wetland plants and animals. The many water courses that cross the flood plain of the Thorley Brook together with the Brook itself are lined with reed swamps. In summer these support good populations of breeding reed-nesting birds including reed warbler and sedge warbler.
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