Discover the Great Lakes More About the Great Lakes Great and Important

release dates: October 16-22 42-1 (10)

TM Mini Spy . . . Mini Spy and Basset Brown enjoy fishing on the Great Lakes. See if you can find: • elephant head • man’s face • carrot • wolf • bowl • bird • number 6 • letter B • ladder • word MINI • fish hook • mug • squirrel • cougar © 2010 Universal Uclick • snake • dragon • moose • fish from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick • heart • envelope • needle Freshwater Oceans Discover the Great Lakes Have you ever visited Five lakes, one the Great Lakes? Lake Superior system These huge bodies of We think of the Great water in the northern Lakes as five different United States and bodies of water. But they southern Canada 1 are all linked together. attract many tourists. 1. From Lake They’re also important Superior, water flows to transportation and down the St. Marys industry in some of our 4 River into lakes Huron states. Lake Michigan and Michigan. This week, The Mini 2. From Lake Huron, Page finds out more about 3 Lake Huron 2 Lake Ontario the St. Clair River these amazing lakes. carries water to Lake St. Five lakes Lake Erie Clair, and from there the

The five lakes that photo courtesy NOAA/Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Detroit River flows into from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick make up the Great This image of the Great Lakes was taken in March 2010 from the Terra Lake Erie. satellite. Lake Erie appears so much greener and lighter than the others TM Lakes are: partly because it is shallower. Nutrients from farmland nearby are carried 3. From Lake Erie, Rookie Cookie’s Recipe • Lake Huron into Lake Erie by rain. These also make it look different from the other lakes. the water goes down the • Lake Ontario Niagara River and over No-Bake Pudding Cake You’ll need: • Lake Michigan the famous falls into • 131/2 graham cracker squares (cinnamon or regular) • Lake Erie Lake Ontario. • 1 (1-ounce) package vanilla instant pudding mix (sugar-free/fat-free optional) The Great Lakes are 1 1 • Lake Superior* • 1 /2 cups low-fat milk ( /2 cup less than package directions for thicker pudding) bordered by eight states 4. After that, the • 1 (8-ounce) tub light whipped topping, thawed The largest of the and one Canadian water flows through • 1 cup ready-to-spread chocolate frosting Great Lakes is Lake province. Do you live several small lakes What to do: close to them? Look 1. Line an 8-by-8-inch baking pan with 41/2 graham cracker squares. Superior. It is also the at a map of the United and then down the St. 2. Make pudding according to package directions, whisking in milk. Stir tub coldest and the deepest. States. How many states Lawrence River, where of whipped topping into pudding. would you have to travel 3. Spread half of pudding mixture on top of graham crackers. The smallest is Lake it finally reaches the 1 through to reach the 4. Layer second layer of 4 /2 graham cracker squares. Atlantic Ocean. 5. Spread remaining pudding mixture over second layer of graham crackers. Ontario. The Niagara nearest Great Lake? The entire journey for 6. Place third layer of 41/2 graham cracker squares. River flows over Niagara 7. Spread 1 cup of chocolate frosting on top. Falls into Lake Ontario. a drop of water is more 8. Refrigerate for 3 hours. Cut into squares to serve. Makes 9 servings.

from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick Meet Victoria Justice Victoria Justice stars as Tori Vega in the new Nickelodeon TV series “Victorious.” She More About the Great Lakes also stars in the Nickelodeon TV movie “The Boy Who Cried Werewolf,” which will air on The Great Lakes form the world’s How did the lakes form? largest freshwater system. About 20 Oct. 22. Scientists believe that the Great Lakes area was once part of the Atlantic She has acted in several TV shows, percent of our planet’s fresh surface Ocean. They have found fossils from sea creatures around the lakes. including “Zoey 101,” “iCarly” and “True water is in the Great Lakes. photo © 2010 Viacom International International Viacom 2010 © photo Inc. All Rights Reserved. Jackson, VP.” She has appeared in the Thousands of years ago, Nickelodeon series “The Troop.” She also acted, sang and danced People sometimes call them a glacier (GLAY-shur), or in the Nickelodeon TV movie “Spectacular!” river of ice, spread across the Victoria, 17, was born in Hollywood, Fla. Her family later moved freshwater oceans to Hollywood, Calif. She appeared in a commercial when she was or the third coast. land in much of the Northern 8. She began going to a school for performing arts when she was This is because the Hemisphere. The ice and 11. She has also modeled. lakes are so huge rocks frozen in it were heavy, She loves to swim and has a dog named Sophie. that they can seem from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick photo by Jeff Lefevre, courtesy NOAA, Great like oceans. and when the ice began to Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory melt, there were large holes from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick Discovering the lakes TM left. Some water drained into In the early 1500s, French explorer channels, which became rivers. Jacques Cartier sailed up the St. Some collected in the holes and This map shows North America when glaciers Supersport: Wes Welker Lawrence River, hoping to find a covered much of Canada and the northern became the Great Lakes. Height: 5-9 Birthdate: 5-1-81 passage to China and Japan. When United States. Weight: 185 Hometown: Oklahoma City, Okla. he reached what is now Quebec, he Wes Welker isn’t as tall as most NFL receivers, but he sure can catch the ball. While pro teams once overlooked the 5-9 claimed the river and surrounding veteran, everybody notices him now. areas for France. Settling and working in the Great Lakes area Since joining New England in 2007, Welker has caught 346 passes in the past three seasons: 112 (in 2007), 111 (in From there, other explorers moved Soon more people moved Settlers also gathered 2008) and 123 (in 2009). west, discovering the Great Lakes in west from Europe and furs of native animals. A two-time Pro Bowl selection, Welker runs good routes, gets open and the early 1600s. When Frenchman the East Coast of North They began mining iron grabs passes. That’s what he did in college at Texas Tech, where he set school records for receiving and punt returns, and also earned a degree in Jean Nicolet arrived in what is America. Some settled in and copper from the management. now Wisconsin, he believed he had the Great Lakes area. They ground. Ships moved Away from the game, Welker sponsors a football camp in his hometown reached China — until he saw fished and used the large these items around on for at-risk youth. He has visited children in Make-A-Wish programs and spoken at D.A.R.E. events. In short, he’s a receiver who gives back. Winnebago Indians. forests for lumber. the lakes.

Great and Important All the following jokes have something in common. Can you guess the common theme or category? This ship is pulling Dangerous waters into the Soo Locks Leslie: What is the spookiest lake? between Sault Ste. The lakes are very important Leo: Lake Erie! Marie, Mich., and in transporting iron ore and grain Sault Ste. Marie, across the northern United States Ontario. (“Sault” is Laura: Which lake is the most arrogant? pronounced “soo.” It and to the Atlantic Ocean for means waterfall.) shipment to Europe and Africa. Lisa: Lake Superior! These locks make it Because the lakes are so big, they possible for ships to can also be dangerous. Big storms Lindsay: How do the Great Lakes say travel between Lake cause trouble for ships, especially goodbye? Superior and Lake Huron. Without the during the fall months. The Great Lori: They wave! locks, ships would Lakes are famous for some terrible meet rapids in the St. from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick shipwrecks. TM Marys River and a The most recent major shipwreck Basset Brown try ’n drop of 21 feet. News on the Great Lakes was on Nov. 10, The photo courtesy U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hound’s Great Lakes find 1975. The S.S. Edmund Fitzgerald Words that remind us of the Great Lakes are hidden in the block below. Some Canals and locks Important for people was hauling taconite (TACK-oh- words are hidden backward or diagonally, and some letters are used more than Early ships traveling the Great Today, more than 35 million once. See if you can find: CANADA, CANAL, CITY, COLD, ERIE, FISH, FRESH, nite), a type of iron, from Superior, FUR, GLACIER, HURON, IRON, LAKES, LIGHTHOUSE, LOCK, LUMBER, Lakes had trouble moving between Americans and Canadians depend Wis., to Detroit. A terrible storm hit MICHIGAN, ONTARIO, QUADRILLION, RIVERS, SHIP, SHIPWRECK, STATE, them. Rivers were too narrow or on the lakes for drinking water and Lake Superior that afternoon and SUPERIOR, WATER. N O I L L I R D A U Q H N M R shallow, and waterfalls made passage jobs. The lakes contain 6 quadrillion evening, and the Edmund Fitzgerald The Great V O N L U E S U O H T H G I L dangerous. gallons of freshwater. sank with 29 crew members on board. Lakes are R E R T O M G P I H S O V C A People began to build canals and great big! E D I U A C B Y T I C E A H K 6 quadrillion = locks, machines that raise and lower Lighthouses I H F R H R K E F Z R N S I E 6,000,000,000,000,000 C S U P E R I O R S A T N G S ships between different levels of water. Today, ship crews have GPS and advanced radar systems to help A E R U J P C O L D A L O A B For instance, if a boat is going from People in the area work in the fishery L R L A N A C W A T E R R N V a river into a lake and the river is industry, mining and tourism. More them navigate. But before these G F W H X V K C E R W P I H S higher than the lake, the boat will than 170 different species of fish live technologies, they used lighthouses steer into a lock. The lock will slowly in the Great Lakes system, including to help figure out where they were from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick release water until the boat is at the salmon, whitefish and walleye. and how close to land the ship was. lake level, and then the boat will exit Many historical lighthouses still Ready Resources the other side. stand along the coasts of the lakes. The Mini Page provides ideas for The Welland Canal runs between websites, books or other resources that will Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. By The Split Rock Lighthouse on help you learn more about this week’s topics. traveling on this canal, ships can Lake Superior has avoid Niagara Falls. been retired. But On the Web: it is lighted once • www.uscg.mil/history/articles/ The Mini Page thanks Dr. Anders Andren photo by J. Crocker a year, on Nov. LighthouseCurriculum.pdf and Moira Harrington with the University of Large cities have grown up along 10, in honor of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute for help with the lakes, including Chicago (above, the sinking of the • http://seagrant.wisc.edu/kidsteachers/index.asp this issue. along Lake Michigan), Milwaukee, Edmund Fitzgerald. At the library: Cleveland and Toronto, Ontario. Next week, The Mini Page is about Halloween. Mini Page photo • “The Great Lakes” by Kathy Henderson The Mini Page Staff • “Paddle-to-the-Sea” by Holling Clancy Holling Betty Debnam - Founding Editor and Editor at Large Lisa Tarry - Managing Editor Lucy Lien - Associate Editor Wendy Daley - Artist

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